TROPICAL

CYCLONES
Winds that are
spiralling inwardly in a
counterclockwise
direction in the
Northern hemisphere
and in a clockwise
location in the
Southern hemisphere
because of the Coriolis
effect.
 CORIOLIS
EFFECT
A phenomenon that
causes the deflection of
global wind patterns.
Wind moves in a
counterclockwise
direction in the
Northern hemisphere
and clockwise direction
in the Southern
Hemisphere.
TYPHOONS
Strong tropical
cyclones that
develop in the
Western North
Pacific
Ocean(Philippines
and other
neighboring asian
countries).
HURRICANES
Tropical cyclones
that develop in the
North Atlantic
Ocean, Central or
Eastern North
Pacific , Caribbean
Sea, or gulf of
Mexico.
 CYCLONES
Tropical
cyclones that
developed
South Pacific
Ocean and
Indian Ocean
ABUNDANCE OF WARM
WATER

Warm ocean water temperature of 26.5

degrees celsius to a depth of 50 meters
below the surface.
 Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)
The region that
circles the Earth,
near the equator,
where the trade
winds of the
Northern and
Southern
Hemispheres come
together.
 Enough Coriolis Force
Coriolis force to
deflect the
converging wind
from the equator
causing cyclonic
rotation and
sustaining low
pressure center.
HIGH HUMIDITY
 Low Pressure Area (LPA)
A weather system
that has a lower
pressure at its center
than the areas
around it. Winds
blow towards the low
pressure, and the air
rises in the
atmosphere where
they meet.
 EYE
-Center of a
typhoon that is 10-
65km in diamater.
-A cloud free area
with sinking cool
air ad light winds.
-The area of calm
weather.
 EYE WALL
-A band of tall
thunderstorms that
produce heavy rains
and very strong
winds.
-The most
destructive section
of the typhoon.
Inner Rainbands
-Thick clouds that
are not scattered
and move inward
toward the center
-Areas covered
experience
intermittent rains.
Outer Rainbands
-Clouds are scattered
but moving toward
the center.
-Areas covered
experience
occasional to
moderate rainfall
and sunlight can still
be seen through.
A scientific study of atmospheric
phenomena, particularly of the
troposphere and lower stratosphere.
Meteorology entails the systematic
study of weather and its causes, and
provides the basis for weather
forecasting.
Atmospheric, Geophysical and
Astronomical Services
Administration (PAGASA)
 To maintain nationwide
monitoring and forcasting network
concentrating on the weather and
other climatological conditions
which may affect the safety, welfare
and economy of the country.
http://bagong.pagasa.dost.gov.ph/information/annual-cyclone-
track
To conduct research on the
formation of, development and
movement of typhoons.
To issue bulletins on the
formation, develpment and
movement of typhoons.
To release tropical cyclone
warnings.
Tropical Cyclones Classification
CLASSIFICATION DESCRIPTION MAX. WIND SPEED

Tropical Poorly developed No maximum wind

Disturbance wind circulation of speed
weak velocities

Tropical Weak low pressure Winds of up to 61

Depression disturbance with kph
definite surface
circulation
Tropical Moderate 62 to 88
Storm tropical kph
cyclone

Severe Intense 89 kph to 117

tropical tropical kph
storm cyclone
Typhoon 118kph to 220
kph

Super Typhoon maximum wind

speed
exceeding 220
kph
Storm Surge
A storm surge is a rise
in sea level that occurs
during tropical cyclones,
intense storms also
known as typhoons or
hurricanes. The storms
produce strong winds
that push the water into
shore, which can lead to
flooding.
TORNADO
A tornado is a
narrow, violently
rotating column
of air that extends
from the base of a
thunderstorm to
the ground. 
Public Storm Warning Signal No. 1
Meteorological Conditions
1.A tropical cyclone will affect the
locality.
2.Winds of 30-60 kph maybe
expected within 36 hours.
Impact of the Winds
1. Twigs and branches of trees may be
broken.
2.Some houses of very light materials
maybe unroofed.
3.Rice crops, however, may suffer
significant damage when it is in its
flowering stage.
Public Storm Warning Signal No.2
Meteorological Condition
1. A tropical cyclone will affect the
locality
2.Winds with speed of 61 kph up to 120
kph may be expected in at least 24
hours.
Impact of the Winds
1.Some coconut trees maybe tilted
with few others broken.
2.Few big trees may be uprooted.
3.Many banana plants maybe
downed.
4.Rice and corn maybe adversely
affected.
5. A large number of nipa and cogon
houses maybe partially or totally
unroofed.
6. Some old, galvanized iron roofing
maybe peeled off.
7. In general, the winds may bring light
to moderate damage to the exposed
communities.
Public Storm Warning Signal No. 3
Meteorological Conditions
1.A tropical cyclone will affect the
locality.
2.Winds of speed from 121 kph up to
170 kph maybe expected in at least
18 hours.
Impact of the Winds
1. Many coconut trees maybe broken or
destroyed.
2.Almost all banana plants maybe downed,
and a large number of trees maybe
uprooted.
3.Rice crops may suffer heavy losses.
4.There maybe widespread disruption of
electrical power communications services.
5. Majority of nipa and cogon houses
maybe unroofed or destroyed, and
there may be considerable damage to
structures of light to medium
construction.
6. In general, moderate to heavy damage
maybe experienced, particularly in the
agricultural and industrial sectors.
Public Storm Warning Signal No. 4
Meteorological Conditions
1. A very intense typhoon will affect the
locality.
2.A very strong winds of more than 171
to 220 kph maybe expected in at least
12 hours.
Impact of Winds
1. coconut plantations may suffer
extensive damages.
2. Many large trees maybe
uprooted.
3. Rice and corn plantation may
suffer severe losses.
4. Most residential and institutional
buildings of mixed construction maybe
severely damaged.
5. Electrical power distributions and
communication services maybe
severely disrupted.
6. Overall, the damage dealt to affected
communities can be very heavy.
Public Storm Warning Signal No. 5
Meteorological Conditions:
1.Tropical cyclone winds of more
than 220 kph are expected within 12
hours.
2.A super typhoon will affect the
locality.
Impacts of Winds
Total damage to banana plantation
Most tall trees are broken, uprooted or
defoliated;
Coconut trees are stooped, broken or
uprooted.
Few plants and trees survived
Almost total damage to light structures of
highly exposed coastal areas.
Widespread damage to high-risk structures
Most residential and institutional buildings
of mixed construction may be severely
damaged.
Electrical and power distribution and
communication services will be severely
disrupted.
All signs/billboards blown