Forces and Motion:

Projectile Motion
Science 9 – Quarter 4
Lesson 1
Ms. Beverly A. Rom
Uniformly Accelerated Motion
• A body is said to have uniform acceleration if it
maintains constant change in its velocity in each time
interval along a straight line.

• Horizontal (rectilinear); Vertical (free fall)

• The pull of gravity acts on all objects. g= 9.8 m/s2

Uniformly Accelerated Motion
• So, when you drop something or even when you
throw something up, it will go down. Things thrown
upward always fall at a constant acceleration which
has a magnitude of 9.8 m/s2

• This means that the velocity of an object changes by

9.8m/s every second of fall.
Uniformly Accelerated Motion
FORMULA LEGEND

Vf = Vi + at Vf = final velocity/speed
Vi = initial velocity/speed
d = Vit + ½ at2 a = constant acceleration
t = time
Vf2 = Vi2 + 2ad d = distance/displacement
v = average speed/velocity
d = () t or d= vt
Motion in Two Dimensions
• Projectile motion is a combination of uniform motion
along the horizontal and the motion of a freely falling
body along the vertical.

• The moving body is called projectile

• The curved path it travels is known as the trajectory
• The horizontal distance it covers is called range
Motion in Two Dimensions
HORIZONTAL MOTION LEGEND
dx = Vixt dx = range
dx = Vi = initial velocity/speed

Vix = Vfx Vix = initial velocity/speed

Vix = Vi Vfx = final velocity/speed
tT = tT = total time of flight

= angle of projection
Motion in Two Dimensions
VERTICAL MOTION LEGEND
dy = Viyt + ½ gt2 dy = height
dy =() t Viy = initial vertical velocity

dy = Vfy = final vertical velocity

Vfy = Viy + gt g = acceleration due to gravity
Vfy2 = Viy2 + 2gdy t = time of flight
Viy = Vi
Sample Problem:
If a bullet is fired with a speed of 600 m/s horizontally
from a height of 48m, how long will it take to hit the
ground? What is the range of the projectile? Assume
that there is no air resistance.
Sample Problem:
A Cable Car traveling with a horizontal velocity of 250
m/s is 900 m above the ground. The staff needs to
stop the cable car to adjust some buttons in the car
but his handkerchief fell to the ground.

1. How long is the handkerchief drop in the air?

2. How far away was the handkerchief from the point
where the Cable Car was launched?
Motion in Two Dimensions
• Projectile motion is a combination of uniform motion
along the horizontal and the motion of a freely falling
body along the vertical.

• The moving body is called projectile

• The curved path it travels is known as the trajectory
• The horizontal distance it covers is called range
 HORIZONTAL “VELOCITY”
COMPONENT
It NEVER changes, covers equal displacements
in equal time periods. This means the initial
horizontal velocity equals the final horizontal
velocity
In other words, the horizontal velocity is CONSTANT.
BUT WHY?
Gravity DOES NOT work horizontally to increase or decrease
the velocity.
HORIZONTAL “VELOCITY”
COMPONENT
Motion in Two Dimensions
HORIZONTAL MOTION LEGEND
dx = Vixt dx = range
dx = Vi = initial velocity/speed

Vix = Vfx Vix = initial velocity/speed

Vix = Vi Vfx = final velocity/speed
tT = tT = total time of flight

= angle of projection
 VERTICAL “VELOCITY”
COMPONENT
Changes (due to gravity), does NOT cover
equal displacements in equal time periods.

Both the MAGNITUDE and DIRECTION change. As the

projectile moves up the MAGNITUDE DECREASES and its
direction is UPWARD. As it moves down the MAGNITUDE
INCREASES and the direction is DOWNWARD.
VERTICAL “VELOCITY”
COMPONENT
Motion in Two Dimensions
VERTICAL MOTION LEGEND
dy = Viyt + ½ gt2 dy = height
dy =() t Viy = initial vertical velocity

dy = Vfy = final vertical velocity

Vfy = Viy + gt g = acceleration due to gravity
Vfy2 = Viy2 + 2gdy t = time of flight
Viy = Vi
Sample Problem:
A place kicker kicks a football with a velocity of 20.0
m/s and at an angle of 53 degrees.

1. How long is the ball in the air?

2. How far away does it land?
3. How high does it travel?
Sample Problem:
A place kicker kicks a football with a velocity of 45 m/s
and at an angle of 60 degrees.

1. How long is the ball in the air?

2. How far away does it land?
3. How high does it travel?