Is MNT next Atomic Bomb?

Molecular
Manufacturing

What we can
investigate
theoretically

What we can make today

(not to scale)
 Basics of Nanotechnology:
Nanomaterials
Nanofabrication Approaches
Products: Bare Nanostructures, Hybrid
Nanostructures, Composite
Nanostructures
How do you build something so
small?
“Top-down” – building something by starting with
a larger component and carving away material
(like a sculpture).
In nanotechnology: patterning (using
photolithography) and etching away material, as in
building integrated circuits
“Bottom-up” – building something by assembling
smaller components (like building a car engine).
In nanotechnology: self-assembly of atoms and
molecules, as in chemical and biological systems
Fabrication Methods
 Bottom-up fabrication
Self-assembly” of atoms and molecules (since top-down is very difficult for
manufacturing at nanoscale level).
Use of chemical and biological processes.
Current day examples: Growth of nanowires from vapor, using gold
nano-dot catalysts; Self-assembled monolayers (SAM) from solution.

More extreme example: Self-replicating robots.

• Molecular Self Assembly is very
important?
• How it really works?
• Examples?
Basis of New Era in
Nanotechnology

C60 buckyball (Fullerene) (A)

Carbon nanotube (B)
 NENOWIRES AND CARBON NANOTUBES

NANOWIRES are wires with a very small diameter of 1nm or small.

We can hope to use them to build tiny transistors for computer chips.

CARBON NANOTUBES is a tubular form carbon with diameters of 1nm

and lengths over microns.
 CNT has overshadowed nanowires

• CNT’s exhibit extraordinary mechanical

properties, Tensile strength approximately
200Gpa
• CNT can change it properties according to its
alignment of atom.
• It can be a good semiconductors.
• Scientist are still working on making CNT to
use in making transistor and other electronics.
 Other “Fullerenes”
“Nanotube” discovered in 1991
A nano scale carbon sheet that folds in upon
itself

Nanowire In Front of a Human

Hair
The principle of molecular nanotechnology is based upon
Richard Feynman’s vision of nanoscale factories using
complex machines to build products. It deals with
engineering nanoscale machines that operate on the
molecular scale distinct from other areas of
nanotechnology, such as nanoscale materials.
Future Perspective: Application of
Nanorobot (Nanobots)
Nanorobots in Surgery, Gene Therapy,
Cancer Detection and Nano Dentistry
 AVAILABLE PRODUCT WITH
NANOTECHNOLOYGY
 Sunscreen- contain nanopraticles of zinc oxide.
 Self cleaning glass-To make the glass photo
catalytic and hydrophilic
 Clothing
 Scratch resistant coatings- used aluminum silicate
nano particles which uses from car to sunglass
 Antimicrobial bandages
 Swimming pool cleaner and disinfectants
 PROPOSED NANOTECHNOLOGY APPLICATION
• Supercomputer in your palm, perhaps made from
silicon nanowires, carbon nanotubes, or organic
material such as DNA
• Very tiny motors, pumps, accelerometer;
helicopters the size of flies or smaller
• Tiny bio and chemical sensors; nano particles that
track and destroy cancer cells
• Artificial body parts and implantable drug delivery
systems.
• Nano-composite material which are more than
100 times stronger and 1/10 times less in weight
compare to steel.