1. The document provides information about the components of blood and the circulatory system. It discusses the four main components of blood - red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma.
2. It then explains the circulatory system and its key parts - the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries. Oxygenated blood travels through arteries away from the heart, and deoxygenated blood travels back to the heart through veins.
3. The document outlines the double circulation of blood through the pulmonary and systemic circuits. In the pulmonary circuit, deoxygenated blood travels from the heart to the lungs to become oxygenated, and then back to the heart. The systemic circuit then
1. The document provides information about the components of blood and the circulatory system. It discusses the four main components of blood - red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma.
2. It then explains the circulatory system and its key parts - the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries. Oxygenated blood travels through arteries away from the heart, and deoxygenated blood travels back to the heart through veins.
3. The document outlines the double circulation of blood through the pulmonary and systemic circuits. In the pulmonary circuit, deoxygenated blood travels from the heart to the lungs to become oxygenated, and then back to the heart. The systemic circuit then
1. The document provides information about the components of blood and the circulatory system. It discusses the four main components of blood - red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, and plasma.
2. It then explains the circulatory system and its key parts - the heart, arteries, veins, and capillaries. Oxygenated blood travels through arteries away from the heart, and deoxygenated blood travels back to the heart through veins.
3. The document outlines the double circulation of blood through the pulmonary and systemic circuits. In the pulmonary circuit, deoxygenated blood travels from the heart to the lungs to become oxygenated, and then back to the heart. The systemic circuit then
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Objectives & outcomes At the end of the Lesson students should be able; • Identify the different components of blood. • To list the functions of these components.
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Starter • Can someone actually cry blood?
• What is blood made up of?
• Why does the body need blood? Savannah International Academy Savannah International Academy 3 Components of Blood
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• There are different amounts of the four components in the blood. The components of the blood shown as percentages
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Red blood cells
contain haemoglobin - a red
protein that combines with oxygen they have no nucleus so they can contain more haemoglobin small and flexible so that they can fit through narrow blood vessels their job is to transport oxygen
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• Red blood cells are the most numerous cell in the blood. In one drop of blood there are around 3-5 million red blood cells. They are made in bone marrow. • Bone marrow is a soft and spongy tissue that fills the inside of some of your bones.
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White blood cells • Larger than red blood cells • They have a nucleus • They defend the body by fighting germs that cause disease • Produce chemicals called antibodies - a protein that attacks and kill germs preventing us from getting ill.
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Platelets Plasma • involved in blood clotting and • a straw-coloured liquid scab formation to stop • mainly water bleeding if your skin is cut • transports carbon dioxide, digested food, urea, hormones and heat
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• A scab is a rough surface made of dried blood that forms over a cut or broken skin while it is healing.
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THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM The circulatory system consists of: • a system of tubes (arteries, capillaries and veins) • a pump (the heart) • valves to ensure a one-way flow of blood
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Arteries and veins
• You have about 5.5 litres of blood in your body
That’s is the same amount of liquid as there is in these cola bottles! • Blood travels around the body in tubes called arteries, veins or capillaries • Arteries carry blood away from the heart towards an organ • Veins carry blood from an organ towards the heart. • An easy way to remember this is: Arteries Away or Vein In
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• Blood full of oxygen is called oxygenated blood. Blood with oxygen removed is called deoxygenated blood. • So, arteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart, veins carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart • One important exception: unlike all other arteries and veins, the pulmonary artery (from the heart to the lungs) carries blood with oxygen removed and the pulmonary vein (from the lungs to the heart) carries blood full of oxygen.
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Artery • Carry oxygenated blood away from the heart • Have thick muscular walls because the blood they contain is at high pressure • Have small diameter passageways for blood to pass through • Blood flows quickly
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Vein
• Carry deoxygenated blood to the heart
• Have thin walls because they contain blood at low pressure • Have larger diameter passageway for blood to pass through • Blood flows more slowly • Have valves to prevent low pressure blood flowing backwards
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Capillary
• Much smaller than arteries and veins
• Only one cell thick • Substances such as oxygen, glucose and carbon dioxide can diffuse through them • Blood is at very low pressure • Where gas exchange takes place - oxygen passes through the thin capillary wall and into the tissues, while carbon dioxide passes from the tissues into the blood Savannah International Academy Savannah International Academy 16 Savannah International Academy Savannah International Academy 17 Mini plenary 1 /progress checking • In which direction do arteries carry blood?
• Away from the heart
• Towards the heart
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• Which of these is an adaptation of a vein?
• Elastic walls • One way valves • Thick muscular walls
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• What are the smallest vessels which carry blood called?
• Veins • Tubes • Capillaries • Arteries
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1. Arteries carry blood away from the heart and veins carry blood to the heart. 2. Veins have one way valves because the blood is under low pressure. 3. The smallest blood vessels are capillaries.
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Double circulation
• The human circulatory system is a double circulatory
system. It has two separate circuits and blood passes through the heart twice: • the pulmonary circuit is between the heart and lungs • the systemic circuit is between the heart and the other organs
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Pulmonary circuit
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• The pulmonary circuit transports blood to the lungs. The blood is oxygenated there and then carried back to the heart. Exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide happens in the lungs: • carbon dioxide diffuses from the blood into the air in the alveoli • oxygen diffuses from the air in the alveoli into the blood, and is absorbed by the red blood cells
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• Reminder: Unlike all other arteries and veins, the pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood and the pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood.
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Systemic circuit • Systemic circulation takes place between the heart and other organs
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• The systemic circuit transports blood around the rest of the body. It transports oxygen and nutrients from the heart to the body tissues and carries away deoxygenated blood containing carbon dioxide and other waste materials, which arrive back at the heart.
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The heart • The heart is made of a special muscle called cardiac muscle which can tighten, or contract, regularly. It's job is to pump blood around your body. It is about the size of a clenched fist.
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• Unlike the rest of your muscles, your heart expands and contracts, non-stop, all day and all night for your entire life without a break. About 38 million times a year! Without getting tired!!
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• It pumps the blood which fills it up into arteries which carry the blood to the lungs or around the body. • the right side pumps blood through the pulmonary circuit to the lungs • the left side pumps blood through the systemic circuit to the rest of the body
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• the left side has thicker walls because it needs to put the blood under higher pressure than the right side because this blood must be able to flow to the furthest parts of the body • a septum separates the right and left sides
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Savannah International Academy Savannah International Academy 32 • In general, blood flows into the heart from a vein, goes into an atrium, then a ventricle, and out through an artery. • The valves prevent the blood flowing backwards.
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Mini plenary 2 /checking understanding and progress.
1. In which direction do arteries carry blood?
A. Away from the heart B. Towards the heart • 2. Which of these is an adaptation of a vein? A. One way valves B. Thick muscular walls C. Elastic walls
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3. What are the smallest vessels which carry blood called? • Tubes • Capillaries • Arteries • Veins
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4. Where does the left ventricle pump blood to? • Rest of body • Lungs • Left atrium • Right atrium
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5. By which process does oxygen move from your blood to the tissues? • Osmosis • Respiration • Diffusion • Active transport
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1. Arteries carry blood away from the heart and veins carry blood to the heart. 2. Veins have one way valves because the blood is under low pressure. They don't need thick muscular or elastic walls. 3. The smallest blood vessels are capillaries. 4. The left ventricle pumps blood to the rest of the body. 5. Oxygen moves into cells by diffusion.
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6. The pulmonary vein carries blood with oxygen from the lungs to the heart. The pulmonary artery carries blood to the lungs. The aorta carries blood to the body. The vena cava carries blood from the body.
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We Do: Title: (Time) (Teacher and Learners)
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Mini plenary 3 / checking understanding and progress.
Teacher types sample questions he/she will use to check
understanding and progress.
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You Do: Title: (Time) (Learner –led with Teacher facilitation and Progress-checking with feed back)
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Plenary Final checking understanding and progress. Exit ticket 1. What have you learned from this lesson? 2. What I am taking with from this lesson is… 3. Teacher can use a variety of questions to check progress.
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