Fall Semester 2023

Financial Management Research

Graduate School

Instructor:
Prof. Muhammad Aftab

International Graduate School Masters in Global Techno Entrepreneurship

 Fall Semester 2023

Contents:

 Introduction
 Features of the Scientific Methods
 Bases of Knowledge
 Class Activity
 Questions and answers
 Discussion

International Graduate School Masters in Global Techno Entrepreneurship

 Fall Semester 2023

Introduction
- Definition of Scientific Method:

George Lundberg defines scientific method as one consisting of sys-

tematic observation, classification, and interpretation of data.

According to Wolfe, “any mode of investigation by which science has

been built up and is being developed is entitled to be called scien-
tific method.

International Graduate School Masters in Global Techno Entrepreneurship

 Fall Semester 2023

Introduction
- Question:

- Is every human knowledge is scientific?

Scientific or non scientific

- We are talking about scientific knowledge

- What is science?

A method, procedure to produce knowledge,

information, principals and laws in this universe.

International Graduate School Masters in Global Techno Entrepreneurship

 Fall Semester 2023

Introduction
- Question:

- What we do with the knowledge created scientifically?

May be applicable to most of the situations

Something which can be applicable universally
Like, laws, regulations, principles, theories, etc.
Producing something which is universally true.

- The process of Sensory experiences

Observation  Repetition  Re-Observation

International Graduate School Masters in Global Techno Entrepreneurship

 Fall Semester 2023

Introduction
- What we observe should be correct

- So what knowledge we get from our observation and experience we

don’t want it to be in scattered form. We definitely want to organize
it for future use and application.

- It should be empirical
Something observable if something is not observable we cannot
apply scientific method.
Example:
“Child said Mom you love my brother more than me”

Is this observable or not?

International Graduate School Masters in Global Techno Entrepreneurship

 Fall Semester 2023

Introduction
- What we observe should be correct

- So what knowledge we get from our observation and experience we

don’t want it to be in scattered form. We definitely want to organize
it for future use and application.

- It should be empirical
Something observable if something is not observable we cannot
apply scientific method.
Example:
“Child said Mom you love my brother more than me”

Is this observable or not?

International Graduate School Masters in Global Techno Entrepreneurship

 Fall Semester 2023

Features of The Scientific Methods

 Verifiable

 Repetition by new researcher

 Cumulative knowledge, not from scratch

 Deterministic, why things happen?

 Ethical and Neutrality

 Statistical generalization

 Rationale, logical with evidence

International Graduate School Masters in Global Techno Entrepreneurship

 Fall Semester 2023

Bases of Knowledge

Two Power Base of Knowledge

- Empiricism
Sensory experience

- Rationalism
Explanation for regularity
Consequential arguments  Logical

- Logical Observation= Theory + Observation + Statistics

International Graduate School Masters in Global Techno Entrepreneurship

 Fall Semester 2023

Class Activity
This brainstorming exercise from the following fictional scenario:

You are in an elevator with a big-name Professor/Supervisor,

or someone else who can support your research project and
help you to reach the next level of your research career, and
you only have few minutes until they get off of the elevator
to make your pitch.

You need to talk in pressure! Because of the quick nature of

elevator rides, these pitches need to be short, concise, and
to the point.

International Graduate School Masters in Global Techno Entrepreneurship

 Fall Semester 2023

Class Activity

Complete your elevator speech to help with following questions:

What is the significance of your project?

What is your project?

How it can impact the society?

International Graduate School Masters in Global Techno Entrepreneurship

 Fall Semester 2023

References:

1- Social Research Methods: Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches

Author: Neuman, W. L.
Publisher: Pearson; 7th edition
2- Research Methods for Business Students
Author: Mark Saunders, Philip Lewis, Adrian Thornhill
Publisher: Pearson; 5th edition
3- Wikipedia
4- Google scholar
5- By others.

International Graduate School Masters in Global Techno Entrepreneurship

 Fall Semester 2023

International Graduate School Masters in Global Techno Entrepreneurship