UNIT III.

SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY IN NATION
BUILDING
IMPORTANCE OF SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY IN
BUILDING THE NATION
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 Science and technology (S&T) are
fundamental for social and economic
progress in developing
countries. It is a well-established fact
that science and technology impact all
aspects of our lives and the planet we
live in.
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In the philippines, the critical role of science and
technology is recognized: (1) in the 1987
philippine constitution, science and technology are
given priority to "foster patriotism and
nationalism, accelerate social progress, and
promote total human liberation and development.";
(2) in section 10, article XIV, it is stated that
"science and technology are essential for national
development and progress."
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PHILIPPINE GOVERNMENT
SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY AGENDA
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The Philippine Department of Science and
Technology (DOST; Kagawaran ng Agham at
Teknolohiya) is the philippine government's
executive agency responsible for organizing
science and
technology-related programs, philippines, and
for formulating science and technology
policies and initiatives to promote national
growth.
E ach of D OST 's programs, projects, and activities aims to
produce the follow ing outcomes.

1. Stimulation and innovation

2. Promotion and acceleration of technology adoption
3. D evelopment of critical mass of globally competitive
human resources on science and technology
4. Increased productivity and efficiency of micro, small, and
medium entrepreneurs (msmes)
5. Ensure resiliency to disaster risks and climate change
6. R educed inequality in science and technology capacities
and opportunities
7. A chieve practical science and technology governance
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 MAJOR DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAMS AND
PERSONALITIES IN
SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY IN THE
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PHILIPPINES
• Balik Scientist Program

Our Science and Technology workers' continued

migration abroad has led to brain drain in our
country. The Department of Science and
Technology has improved the Balik Scientist
Program (BSP) to reverse the brain drain. The
Balik Scientist Act of 2018 or RA 11035 signed
by the President last June 2018.
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 As of December 2017, 497 scientists
served under the program. Most of
our National
Artists came from Asia, North
America and, a few from Europe,
Australia, and Africa (Dimailig,
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2019).
 The Philippine Council for Agriculture, Aquatic,
and Natural Resources Research and
Development (PCAARD), Philippine Council for
Industry, Energy, and Emerging Technology
Research and Development (PCIEERD), and
Philippine Council for Health Research and
Development (PCHRD) are the three DOST
councils responsible for the engagements of the
BSP
awardees.
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• Order of National Scientist

The award Order of National Scientists is the highest

distinction for a Filipino by the
President of the Republic of the Philippines, with
exceptional scientific and technical achievements.
The difference instituted in 1976 through Presidential
Decree 1003-A, which created the National Academy
of Science and Technology (NAST) as the country's
highest recognition
and advisory body in Science and technology.
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• Small and Medium Enterprise Technology
Upgrading Program (SETUP)

SETUP stands for Small and Medium Enterprise

Technology Upgrading Program is one of the
flagship programs of DOST. SETUP is a national
strategy aimed at encouraging and assisting small and
medium-sized enterprises in adopting technology
innovations to improve their operations, thus boosting
their productivity and competitiveness.
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The program helps businesses to tackle their
technological challenges through technology transfer
and development interventions.

According to DOST, in 2018, the companies supported

by SETUP produced: 42,853 jobs, P
8.344 billion cumulative gross sales, and 41%
productivity increase, a total of 20635
technology inventions, and There 773 projects funded.
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• Grants-In-Aid Program

The Grants-In-Aid (GIA) is one of the programs of the

Department of Science and Technology
that aims to harness the country's scientific and technical
capacities to promote sustainable
economic growth and development. The GIA program is
structured by funding related science and technology
(S&T) undertakings to contribute
to Filipinos' productivity and quality of life through
the generation and promotion of appropriate technologies
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 The GIA program offers grants for implementing
programs/projects defined in the current
DOST priorities and thrusts and supports S&T
activities classified under the General
Appropriations
Act (GAA).

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• Forest Products Research and Development
Institute

The Forest Products Research and Development

Institute (FPRDI) researches forest
products from wood and non-wood. It is the
center of applied technologies in the country for
the
utilization of forest products.
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Legal Basis:

• Executive Order No. 257 (1957). The transferred the

Forest Products Research Institute (FPRI)
from the Bureau of Forestry of the Department of
Agriculture and Natural Resources to the
University of the Philippines (as Forest Products
Laboratory).
• Republic Act No. 5526 (June 21, 1969) created the
Forest Products Research and Development
Commission (FORPRIDECOM) under the National
Science Development Board (NSDB).
• Executive Order No. 784 (March 17, 1982) renamed
the NSDB to the National Science and
Technology Authority (NSTA), and the
FORPRIDECOM became the Forest Products Research
and Development Institute (FPRDI).
• Executive Order No. 128 (January 30, 1987)
reorganized the NSTA into the Department of
Science and Technology (DOST), with the FPRDI being
retained under it.
• Philippine Nuclear Research Institute

The Philippine Nuclear Research Institute (PNRI),

formerly the Philippine Atomic Energy
Commission (PAEC), was founded on June 13, 1958. It
is one of the research institutes within the Department
of Science and Technology. It is authorized to perform
research and development
activities on the peaceful use of nuclear energy, aiming
to lay down regulations on these uses and
enforce those regulations.
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• Project NOAH (Nationwide Operational Assessment
of Hazards)

Project NOAH was an integrated disaster prevention

and mitigation program of the
Department of Science and Technology (DOST). This
project designed to employ Science and
technology to produce reliable data and meet
the conditions required by national government
agencies, private sector stakeholders, and academy to
make informed decisions on disaster risk management
activities.
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• Philippine-California Advanced Research Institutes
(PCARI) Project

The Philippine-California Advanced Research Institutes

(PCARI) project is a new approach
to enhance the skills and abilities of Philippine
universities and colleges' faculty and staff through
scholarships, training and research collaborations with
leading research universities in California,USA, in the
priority areas of information infrastructure development
(IID) and health innovation and translational medicine
(HITM)
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• Philippine Space Program

The Philippines' space program is technically

decentralized and managed under the
Department of Science and Technology (DOST)
by different agencies. It aims to set the foundationfor
the establishment of a Philippine Space Agency. The
Philippine government passed the"Philippine Space
Act" (Republic Act 11363) in 2019. It is under the
newly formed Philippine Space Agency (PhilSA) to see
the integration and centralization of space research and
development.
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 SCIENCE EDUCATION IN
THE PHILIPPINES

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Science is part of the K to 12 curriculum, which focuses
on improving student scientific literacy
skills, beliefs, and attitudes, such as objectivity, curiosity
integrity, and habits of mind, including critical and
logical thinking skills. Science stimulates learners'
interest and knowledge of phenomena and events of the
world around them.
In general, all these skills, values, attitudes, and
dispositions are likewise relevant to the individual studen
for his personal development, future career, and life.
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 Science is relevant because of its links to technolog
and industry, which, from a national
perspective, are areas of high development priority.
Scientific research provides a systematic way to
make
sense of the world.

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• DOST Scholarship Programs

The DOST-SEI Merit Scholarship Program mandated

under the Republic Act 7687 or the
Science and Technology Act of 1994. The program is
awarded to highly qualified
students in Science and mathematics and can pursue
careers in science and technology.
Most Filipino scientists,inventors, innovators,
engineers, and professionals have benefited from
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DOST scholarship programs
• Philippine Science High School

The Philippine Science High School System (PSHS)

is a highly specialized public high school system in
the Philippines that
operates as an attached DOST agency. It is
considered the top high school in the Philippines and
ranked among the highest in the ASEAN region in
2016. It has 16 campuses located in the following
areas nationwide .
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 • Regional Science High School Union

The Regional Science High School Union

(RSHS-Union) established in the Philippines during
the 1994-1995 school year. It is a specialized system
of public secondary
schools managed and regulated by the Department of
Education, with a curriculum
that focuses heavily on Math and Science.
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INDIGENOUS SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY IN THE
PHILIPPINES
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The indigenous Science and technology in the
Philippines are rich in cultural diversity. Our country
has more than 100 tribes or groups, and each has a
different but interconnected indigenous science and
technology.
Many herbal medicines that we are currently
using to treat some diseases have an indigenous
origin.Many indigenous practices in resource
management have been documented, like the muyong
system in Ifugao and the lapat system
in Apayao.
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THANK YOU