Module 1: Network Organization Concepts

1.1 Basic Terminologies

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1.2 Network Topologies
 Logical
•topology
The way in which devices communicate with each other
on a network

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Physical Topology
• The physical layout of devices and cables in a network.

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 Ceres Bus topology: All devices are
connected to a single cable.

‘Tree top’ology: Devices are

arranged in a hierarchical
structure.

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 Star topology
All devices are connected to a central hub or
switch.

Ring topology
Devices are connected in a circular loop.
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 Mesh topology
Devices are connected to each other in a network of
interconnections.

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1.3 Network Types
LAN (Local Area Network):
A network that covers a small geographical area.

WAN (Wide Area Network):

A network that covers a large geographical area.

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MAN (Metropolitan Area Network):
A network that covers a city or metropolitan area.

WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network):

A LAN that uses wireless technology to connect
devices.

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VPN (Virtual Private Network):
A network that uses public networks to create a secure private network.

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1.4 Network Design Issues
Software Design Issues
Scalability: The ability of a network to handle increasing amounts of traffic.
Reliability: The ability of a network to function without interruption.
Security: The protection of a network from unauthorized access or attacks.
Interoperability: The ability of different devices and software to work together.

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Reliability
Security
Scalability

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Interoperability
1.4 Transport Protocol Standards
Software Design Issues
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol):
A reliable, connection-oriented protocol that ensures data is delivered without
errors.
Software Design Issues
UDP (User Datagram Protocol):
An unreliable, connectionless protocol that is faster than TCP but does not
guarantee delivery of data.
Software Design Issues
IP (Internet Protocol):
The protocol used to route data packets between devices on a network.
 Conclusion
In conclusion, understanding network organization concepts is essential for anyone
working with computer networks. By understanding the basic terminologies, network
topologies, network types, software design issues, and transport protocol standards,
you can design and manage networks that are efficient, reliable, and secure.
 Endearing Questions
I. Identify the topologies
1. 2.
3. 4.

5.
 II. Expound the acronyms
6. WAN
7. VPN
8. IP
9. TCP
10. UDP
#BRAVOZULU!
Key Answers
• Logical Topology
• Physical Topology
• Bus Topology
• Tree Topology
• Star Topology
• Wired Area Network
• Virtual Private Network
• Internet Protocol
• Transmission Control Protocol
• User Datagram Protocol