COMPLEX RANDOM

SAMPLING DESIGNS

GROUP- 3
Shubham Kundu(62)
Sayantan Bhattacharya(63)
Puja Kumari(64)
Content
 Sampling method & sample size for survey
 What is complex sampling method
 Sampling weight
About sampling
 Not feasible to select ALL population
 Best sampling should be able to represent population
 Sampling error occurs when statistics ≠ parameters
 Sampling error is not sampling bias
 Sampling error is random, sampling
bias is predictable (systematic)
 Sampling design affects sampling error
 Standard error measures sampling error
The aim of any sampling plan should be to reduce
sampling error, and to avoid sampling bias
Describe the sample

 Target population – inferred population

 Study population – representative of the target
population
 Sampling frame – list of sampling unit
 Sampling unit – unit to be sampled
 Observation unit – unit to be observed/measured
Sampling method

 Random vs. non-random

 Random ensures representativeness
 Simple vs. complex
 SRS = all samples have equal chance to be selected i.e.
equal probability of selection
 Anything not SRS is complex sampling
Simple Random Systematic Stratified Random
Sampling Random Sampling
Sampling
Stratified versus cluster sampling

 Stratified for heterogeneous groups

e.g. male-female, age groups
 Cluster for homogenous groups – rarely
homogenous, only in ideal situation e.g. schools,
districts
Cluster Stratified
Design Effect (deff)

 Design Effect = Variance estimate (complex)

Variance estimate
(SRS)
 How much the sample differ from population
 Different value for different variable
 Usually, deff for complex survey >> 1
 If > 1.5, meaning effective loss 50% of sample if designed
using SRS
Sampling Weight

aka Probability Weight

N/n (inverse of sampling fraction)
Two stage = (N1/n1)*(N2/n2)
The sum of PW = population
Weighting can increase standard error
Sampling weight…

Why? There is always imperfection in sampling

Weighting will try to correct
1. Unequal probability of selection – base/design weight
2. Non-response bias
3. Stratification in population – trying to
represent true characteristics of population
e.g. by sex, ethnic etc. – post stratification
THANK YOU