Jane espenida

DRRR teacher
Explain the Meaning of Disaster
DRR11/12-Ia-b-1
1.Which of the following is NOT
a type of natural hazard?

A. tornado C. car accident B.

hurricane D. earthquakes
2. Which of the following statements about natural
hazards is NOT TRUE?

A.Hazards become disasters when they harm many

people.
B. Some hazards can be predicted, but usually can’t be
stopped.
C.Hazards are natural processes that harm people on a
regular basis.
D. Hazards are natural processes that can be
dangerous, but have not yet caused damage.
3. A natural disaster occurs when a natural
hazard ….

A. impacts everyday life for humans.

B. poses a danger to any part of the earth.
C. changes the physical features of the earth.
D. causes major damage and harms humans.
4. An event that produces greater loss
than a community can handle, including
casualties, property damage, and
significant environmental damage is
called ….
A. facility C. disaster
B. mitigation D. resource
5. An inherent weakness in a system or
its operating environment that may be
exploited
to cause harm to the system is called
….
A. Risk C. hazard
B. vulnerability D. response
 ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS BY ANALYZING EACH PICTURE.

SET A

SET B
1. Are the effects of the pictures in
Sets A and B similar? What are this
effects? Can the photos in sets A and
B be considered as disasters?
2. What is the difference between Sets
A and B photos in terms of what
caused them?
 HAZARD
X
VULNERABILITY
=
DISASTER
 Disaster is often used and related to an undesirable
event or a bad experience

 What is hazard?
- A dangerous phenomenon, substance, human
activity or condition that may cause loss of life,
injury or other negative health impacts, property
damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and
economic disruption, or environmental damage.
What is vulnerability?
The characteristics and circumstances

of a community, system or asset that

make it damaging effects of a hazard.
 If the hazard is present but have
not yet interacted with the vulnerable
entities like people or structure, the
damage and losses that will probably
happen are called risk, meaning a
disaster haven’t occurred yet, still they
are being foreseen already
 1. Climate Risks
2. Weather and
Hydrologic Hazards
3. Volcanic Hazards
4. Seismologic and
Geologic Hazards

15
 Sudden Natural Hazards – Calamities that may
happen with or without warning.
 Slow-On-Set Hazards – These are those with
available forecast and advance information.
 Industrial Hazards – caused by technical failure
and negligence like explosion.
 Human-made Hazards – Maybe related to fire,
war, civil strife, bomb threats, terrorism,
epidemic, etc
 Hazards Effects Counter
Measures
1. Thunderstorm Lightning, flashflood Distance
(March – Sept)
2. Cold Front (Dec to Flood, landslide, Flash Elevation and
Feb) Flood and debris flow distance
3. SW monsoon (Jun Flood, landslide, Flash Elevation
to Sept) Flood and debris flow
4. NE monsoon (Oct Flood, landslide, Flash Flood
to May) Flood and debris flow
5. Tornado (Mar-Sept) Severe wind Distance
 Hazards Effects Counter Measures
6. ITCZ (Jun to Flood, landslide, Flash Elevation and
Oct) Flood and debris flow distance
7. Tropic Flood, landslide, Flash Elevation and
Depression (Jun to Flood and debris flow, wind distance
Jan) (60kph)
8. Tropical Storm Flood, landslide, Flash Elevation, distance,
(Jun to Jan) Flood and debris flow, wind strength
(80-100 kph)
9. Typhoon ( May Flood, landslide, Flash Elevation, distance,
Flood and debris flow, strength
storm surge and wind
higher than 100 kph.
 Hazards Effects Counter Measures
1. Ground Structural Failure Strength
shaking
2. Seismic sea Damages to lives and properties Ground elevation
wave
3. Liquefaction Damages to lives and properties Land use plan
4. Landslide Damages to lives and properties Distance
5. Flashflood Damages to lives and properties Elevation
 Hazards Effects Counter Measures
1. Volcanic no recorded casualty so far Distance
quakes
2. Ash fall URTI Face mask, distance

3. Lava Flow Damages to properties and crops Distance

4. Pyroclastic Damages to lives and properties Distance

Flow
5. Mud flow Damages to lives and properties Elevation
6. Bush fire Damages to lives and properties Elevation
7. Volcanic Damages to lives and properties Distance
Avalanche
 Geographical exposure
 Poverty
 Lack of Information and awareness
 Rapid Urbanization
 Increase in population
 Transition in cultural practices
 Environmental degradation
 War and civil strife
“Relief and Rescue” rather than
“Warning and Evacuation”
I – Pre Disaster Phases- During the normal situation.

II – Disaster Phase – The impact of calamity is

experienced where the elements at risk are suffering
with no given protection and appropriate counter
measures.

III – Post Disaster Phase - This is the time when the

hazard impacts fade away and the recovery actions or
repair and reconstructions take place.
PREPAREDNESS
RESPONSE

MITIGATION REHABILITATION

RECONSTRUCTION
1. Vulnerability and capacity assessment.
2. Institutionalization
3. Establishment of warning system, communication
protocol and evacuation procedures
4. Making arrangement and protocols on the organic
resources prepositioning
5. Coordinating arrangements for external supports.
6. The conduct of trainings and seminars.
7. Development of contingency plans on:
6. Response

7. Damage and loss assessment

8. Recovery planning, proposal making

9. Fund sourcing.

8. Scenario development and conduct of drills and

exercises
 1. identify the risk factors underlying disasters.
 2. describe each Risk factors underlying disasters.
 3. utilize the gained knowledge in real life
situations to avoid harm and assure safety.
 4. appreciate the importance of understanding the
risk factors underlying disasters to mitigate the
effects of disaster and practice mitigation
measures as early as necessary.
1. Which of the following is the process or
condition, often development-related, that influence
the level of disaster risk by increasing levels of
exposure and vulnerability or reducing capacity?
a. risk factor
b. disaster risk
c. natural hazard
d. man-made hazard
2. Which of the following is NOT
an element which causes disaster?
a. exposure b. hazard
c. risk d. vulnerability
3. Which of the following BEST
describes hazard?
a. loss of life or injury naturally
b. a phenomenon or human activity
c. potentially damaging physical event
d. reduction of vulnerability and exposure
4. Which of the following risk factors BEST
describes the cause of COVID-19
pandemic?
a. climate change
b. weak governance
c. globalized economic development
d. poorly- planned and managed urban
development
5. It refers to the changes that can be
attributed “directly or indirectly to human
activity altering the composition of the global
atmosphere and additionally to the natural
climate variability observed over comparable
periods of time”?
A. Deforestation b. climate change
c. global warming d. carbon footprint
5. It refers to the changes that can be
attributed “directly or indirectly to human
activity altering the composition of the global
atmosphere and additionally to the natural
climate variability observed over comparable
periods of time”?
A. Deforestation b. climate change
c. global warming d. carbon footprint
6. How will reduction of the level of
vulnerability and exposure be possible? A.
Proper knowledge on disaster risk
B. Potentially damaging physical even C.
Increase the susceptibility of a community to
the impact of hazard
D. By keeping people and property as distant
as possible from hazards
7. Which of the following risk factors
affect with inequality?
a. poverty
b. climate change
c. weak governance
d. globalized economic development
8. It is a risk factor that is both a driver and a
consequence of disasters, reducing the capacity
of the environment to meet social and ecological
needs, what is it?
A. climate change
b. weak governance
c. poverty and inequality
d. environmental degradation
 HAZARD
X
VULNERABILITY
=
DISASTER
 Risk Factors are processes or
conditions, often development-
related, that influence the level of
disaster risk by increasing levels
of exposure and vulnerability or
reducing capacity
 Severity of exposure
 Gender and Family

 Age

 Economic status of country

1. Climate Change
 Environmental Degradation
 Globalized Economic Development
 Poverty and Inequality
 Poorly planned and Managed Urban Development
 Weak Governance
 Geographical Location
 1. Climate Change
 2. Environmental Degradation
 3. Globalized Economic Development –
 4. Poverty and Inequality
 5. Poorly planned and Managed Urban
Development
 6. Weak Governance
 7. Geographical Location