Community Engagement

Solidarity, and Citizenship

Lesson 1: Social Science Perspective Part
2
 SOCIOLOGY MEANING

• Sociology is a branch of social science that analyzes the history,

evolution, structure and functions of societies.

• Sociology is employed in observing the community in a more sociological

perspective , by focusing on the subject across agencies, from the
individual (microlevel) to a larger and broader subject (macrolevel) which
includes institutions and other groups. The tools for studying societies vary
from direct participation or more empirical bases to critical analogies of
social phenomena.
 What is Social Stratification ?

Social Stratification

“Social scientists use “Such categorizations may be based

social stratification to on work, wealth, or wage. The
delineate subjects. They resulting classification usually will
identify individuals or split subjects into lower class,
groups or cohorts
sharing common middle class, and upper class.
experiences.”
 What is Social Class?

Social Class

“Social class is the direct

“Social class is determined based on
result of classifying
a specified set of observable and
people in accordance to
quantifiable characteristics relative
material wealth, relative
to a set benchmark.
social value or other
traits.”
 What is Religion?

“In sociology, religion is recognized

“It is how people or groups
as one of the primary influences that
are classified by using core
contribute to individual identity and
religious beliefs and
social norms.”
practices as an identifiable
social characteristic.”
 In traditional psychology, the focus of the study falls within :

Topics

● SOCIAL
STRATIFICATION ● RELIGION
● SOCIAL CLASS ● SEXUALITY
● SOCIAL MOBILITY ● DEVIANCE
SOCIAL MOBILITY

• Social mobility is the study of how individuals or groups

move across classifications and stratifications.

• Mobility, in this regard, is the transition of subjects in

various social identities withim a determined structure.
Here we can see stature on wealth , social prestige, and
other factors that can determine the current and historic
progress of different sets of collectives.
SEXUALITY

• Sexuality - is one of the topics that identify people and

groups through their sexual norms, orientation, interest
and behavior.
• These characteristics are manifested from the more
obvious, like fashion or aesthetic preference, to a more
abstract and less identifiable, such as sexual preference
and emotional and spiritual characteristics. Sexuality, as
part of the human biological functions, cuts across other
classifications and is one of the more popular studies in
current literature.
DEVIANCE

• When we hear the word society, we often associate it with

the idea of conformity . On the contrary , once we hear the
word deviant, we often have a feeling of unease. In
sociology, studying deviance is rooted on the interaction of
society with a certain social anomaly such as a deviant act
or norm defying stunt. To become a deviant, it must be
against a preset rule or agreed upon norm.Sociology
studies the interaction of deviants to emphasize the
dynamics within social systems.
POLITICAL PERSPECTIVE

• Political science views communities composed of citizens

guided under one constitution or government.Individuals
are considered as constituentswhose identification can be
summed by their citizenship proven by a contract or
birthcertificate.
• An individual is granted with various rights and privileges
such as the right to vote and is expected to comply with
the rules and duties set by the state for its citizens.
NATION

• Nation - is composed of individuals that share a common

background such as languange, history or religion:
• State - is a political entitity that has the four
characteristics: population, territory , sovereignity , and
government.
• Nation -state is when both nation and state come
together to form a unified body that has all four
aforementioned characteristics bound by a common
identification of culture, language and history.
POLITICAL PERSPECTIVE

• Politics is not just a study of power or systems, nor is it

about leaders or laws.
• Political Science as a field of study , intersects other
branches of knowledge and inquiry; it is in fact
multidisciplinary. The sudy of politics cuts across all these
dimensions in an attempt to explain political action and
behavior and the distribution of power and authority in the
real world.
NATION

National interest - prioritizes the protection of its population,

territories, sovereignity and its government, and the
continuation of their cultural identity to ensure their survival
and relevance.

Foreign Policy- is the intersection of national interest and

local governance.
NATION , STATE, AND NATION-STATE
 ELEMENTS OF STATE

Population- The people sharing a geographical space (towns, cities,

countries).

Territory- Physical area under the rule or jurisdiction under a political

system or ruler.

Sovereignity - Authority or state for self-governance and rule.

Government - A group of individuals that administers the functions of

the state.
 POST-ACTIVITY

Answer the following question after

studying this lesson.

What do you think are the national

priorities of our country?
THANK YOU!

Prepared by : Ms. Benilda Ghie

Gonzales
ST 4-BSED /Social Studies