Homework (until 3.

12)
1. How many grams of magnesium sample that is 40% pure are needed
to fill a 44,8 L balloon with hydrogen gas at STP?(120)
Mg(s) + HCI(aq) → MgCI2(aq) + H2(g)
2. When 30.93 g of ore containing iron (II) carbonate reacts with an
excess amount of hydrochloric acid, 4.48 liters of carbon dioxide were
released. Determine the mass percentage of impurities in the ore.(25)
3. After heating 400 g of sodium nitrate, 33.6 liters of oxygen were
obtained. What is the mass percentage of impurities in the saltpeter?
(36.25)
NaNO3(s) → NaNO2(s) + O2(g)
GROUP 1 ELEMENTS AND THEIR
COMPOUNDS.
The elements of group 1, except hydrogen, are called alkali metals.

• 2Li - 2)1 They have one valence electron and form +1 charged ions

• 11Na – 2)8)1
• 19K – 2)8)8)1 Alkali metals are the most active metals. It’s
prohibited to touch metals with bare hands
• 37Rb - 2)8)18)8)1
• 55Cs - 2)8)18)18)8)1
• 87Fr – 2)8)18)32)32)8)1

Cs is the most active metal. Why not Fr ?

All alkali metals are soft and can be cut with a knife.
 They are not found in a free metallic form. Alkali metals are found
only in the form of compounds.

• Pure alkali
metals produced
by chemical
methods oxidize
easily, so they
need to be
stored under oil
or kerosene.

NaNO3 Chile saltpeter KNO3 Indian saltpeter

Na2SO4*10H2O Glauber salt
Na2CO3 Washing soda
Chemical Properties
1. Reaction with oxygen
Excess Limited
4Li(s) + O2(g) → 2Li2O(s) Lithium oxide 4Li(s) + O2(g) → 2Li2O(s)
2Na(s) + O2(g) → Na2O2(s) Sodium peroxide 4Na(s) + O2(g) → 2Na2O(s)
K(s) + O2(g) → KO2(g) Potassium superoxide 4K(s) + O2(g) → 2K2O(g)
Rb(s) + O2(g) → RbO2(g) 4Rb(s) + O2(g) → 2Rb2O(g)
Cs(s) + O2(g) → CsO2(g) 4Cs(s) + O2(g) → 2Cs2O(g)
Chemical Properties
1. Reaction with halogens

• All of them react with halogens to form alkali halides (salts of alkali
metals
• 2Na(s) + Cl2(g) → 2NaCl(s)

Give you example

Chemical Properties
• 3.Reaction with sulfur

They form sulfides in reaction with sulfur:

2Na(s) + S(s) → Na2S(s)

Give you example

Chemical Properties
• 4. Reaction with water
They react with water and produce bases:
2Na(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g)

Give you example

Basic oxides and hydroxides

• Oxides and hydroxides of alkali metals are basic. They react with acids
and form salts:
• Na2O(s) + 2HCl(s) → 2NaCl(s) + H2O(s)
• 2KOH(aq) + H2SO4(aq) → K2SO4(aq) + 2H2O(l)

Give you example

Homework (until 7.12)
• How many grams of hydrogen gas H2 are produced when 0.7 g of
lithium react with water ?