THE ENDOCRINE

SYSTEM
GROUP MOMMY BEAR
TABLE OF CONTENTS

• COMPONENTS & FUNCTIONS

• SIGNS & SYMPTOMS
• LABORATORY TEST
• DISEASES
• INTERVENTIONS
• TERMINOLOGY
 COMPONENTS & FUNCTIONS

A. COMPONENTS
-The endocrine system is one of the two systems that are
responsible for communication and integration between various
body tissues, the other being the nervous system

-Endocrine communication is achieved by means of chemical

messengers called hormones.
-Hormones are produced in endocrine glands and secreted into
the bloodstream to reach body tissues.
Endocrine system
include:
Components & functions

B. FUNCTIONS
FUNCTIONS
Pituitary gland
-Plays an important role in controlling the
activity of the other gland.
-Divided into 2 parts: the anterior pituitary
gland and the posterior pituitary gland.
FUNCTIONS

Thyroid

Revealing Thyroid Hormones T4 and

T3 have the function of increasing cell
metabolism
FUNCTIONS

Adrenal

The adrenal cortex produces

glucocorticoid, mineralocorticoid and
androgen hormones
FUNCTIONS

Hypothalamus

Reveals hormones that help

control pituitary activity
FUNCTIONS

Pancreas

Stimulates insulin production, insulin

plays a major role in entering cells to
convert into energy for the body.
 FUNCTIONS

Parathyroid gland

Controls the temperature of calcium in

the blood and bones.
FUNCTIONS
Ovaries and Testes

It functions to produce sex

hormones under the regulation of
the hypothalamic-pituitary-
gonadal axis.
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

Hypoglycemia: The brain does not have

enough blood sugar to provide energy for
its activities, leading to a feeling of fatigue
and an immediate desire to sleep.
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

Exophthalmos
-Hyperthyroidism has a number of symptoms
such as fatigue, insomnia, weight loss,
increased body temperature, etc., in which
protrusion of the eyes is also very common.
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

Hyperthyroidism
Thyroid goiter causes the neck to enlarge,
causing many tumors to press on the
surrounding parts, making the patient feel
difficult to swallow, breathe, cough a lot.
 SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

Polydipsia
The most obvious symptom of thirst is that
you will feel thirsty all the time, even at
night, even after you've drank a lot.
SIGNS & SYMPTOMS

Muscle atrophy
-Typical symptoms of muscle atrophy are
decreased muscle mass, contractility and
extensibility, and length of the extremities.
LABORATORY
TESTS
 Ultrasound
examination

Sound waves show images of

endocrine organs
 Scanner detects radioactivity and visualizes
Thyroid scan the
thyroid gland
 CT scan

X-ray imaging of endocrine glands in

cross section and other views, to
assess size and infiltration by tumor
 MRI

Magnetic waves produce images of the

hypothalamus and pituitary gland to
locate
abnormalities
 Exophthalmometry

Measurement of eyeball protrusion (as

in Graves disease)
DISEASE AND
DISORDERS
 Diabetes

when the pancreas does not produce

enough insulin or when the body
cannot effectively use the insulin it
produces.
 Hyperthyroidism

when the thyroid gland makes too

much thyroid hormone.
 hypothyroidism

when the thyroid gland doesn't make

enough thyroid hormones to meet your
body's needs.
 Cushing's disease.

when a pituitary adenoma, a noncancerous

(benign) tumor on the pea-size pituitary
gland, makes too much
adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH).
 INTERVENTION

1 2 3
LIFESTYLE
MEDICATIONS SURGERY
LIFESTYLE
MEDICATIONS
SURGERY
Thank You
For Attending!
 HELLO EVERYONE,
LET'S PLAY A GAME
ARE YOU
READY?
LET'S GET STARTED!
 QUESTION NO.1
The 2 systems that are responsible for
communication and integration between various
body tissues are...
THE ANSWER IS...
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM &
T H E N E RV O U S S Y S T E M
 QUESTION NO.2
Which of the following is not an endocrine
gland?

A. Pituitary gland B. Sweat gland

C. Parathyroid gland D. Thyroid

THE ANSWER IS...
B . S W E AT G L A N D
 QUESTION NO.3
In _______ syndrome, the patient has a moon face, buffalo hump,
increased facial hair, and thinning of the scalp hair.

A. Marfan C. Cushing

B. Edwards D. Down
THE ANSWER IS...
CUSHING
 QUESTION NO.4
X-ray imaging of endocrine glands in cross section &
other views, to assess size and infiltration by tumor is ...

A. Exophthalmometry B. CT scan

C. MRI D. Thyroid scan

THE ANSWER IS...
B. CT SCAN
QUESTION NO.5
Guess the word

T R N
QUESTION NO.5
The answer is…

T R O P I N
 THANK YOU
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