Unit 1

Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida
INTRODUCTION OF PROJECT
Unit: 1
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
SHRUTI SHARMA
MBA
MBA 2ND Year (4TH Sem) Department
SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

Shruti sharma AMBA 0401 1
March 15, 2024 Unit-1
Content
•INTRODUCTION OF PROJECT
•PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROCESS
•PROJECT TEAM

March 15, 2024
Unit-1
Introduction Of Project
Introduction
• A project is a temporary endeavour
that produces a unique product,
service, or result. It has definitive
start and finish dates.
• Project management is the
application of tools and techniques to
organize the project activities to
successfully meet the project goals.
• A project manager is responsible for
project integration and applying the
tools and techniques of project
management to bring about a
successful conclusion to the project.

March 15, 2024
Unit-1
Definitions Of Project
A project is defined as an effort to create or modify a specific product or

service. Projects are temporary work efforts with a clear beginning and
end. Projects can be completely contained within a specific unit or department, or
include other organizations and vendors.
March 15, 2024 SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

Shruti sharma AMBA 0401
Unit-1 4
Definitions Of Project
There are many different definitions of what constitutes a project:

• Project Management Institute - 'A project is a temporary endeavor undertaken to create a unique
product, service or result.‘
• PRINCE2 - 'A Project is a temporary organization that is created for the purpose of delivering one or
more business products according to an agreed Business Case.‘
• Association for Project Management (APM) - 'An endeavor in which human material and financial
resources are organized in a novel way to deliver a unique scope of work of given specification often
within constraints of cost and time to achieve beneficial changes defined by quantitative and qualitative
objectives.‘
• H. Kerzner - 'Project management is the planning, organizing, directing and controlling of company
resources for a relatively short-term objective that has been established to complete specific goals and
objectives. Furthermore, project management utilizes the systems approach to management by having
functional personnel (the vertical hierarchy) assigned to a specific project (the horizontal hierarchy)'
(2009).
March 15, 2024 Shruti sharma AMBA 0401 5

Unit-1
Characteristics Of Project

Unit-1
Features/Characteristics/Components of Project
Scope
Time
Budget
Schedule
Resources
Procurement
Risk
Stakeholders

Unit-1
Features/Characteristics/Components of Project

Unit-1
TYPES OF PROJECT
Projects can be broadly classified into engineering projects and management projects. Engineering projects encompass civil,
electrical, and mechanical engineering and the final deliverables are physical objects, for example a building, reservoir, bridge,
refinery, or pre-production sample. Specialist companies or consortia invariably undertake these types of project.
Management projects include things like: restructuring the organization, preparing for an exhibition, developing an IT
system, launching a new marketing campaign, moving offices, or indeed anything where the objective is to produce an
end result that is not identifiable as a physical item

March 15, 2024
Unit-1
Recap
1. The Meaning Of Project Involved In Project Management.

2. Project Team
3. Project Manager
4. The Various Characteristics Of Project.
5. The Formulation Of Types Of Project.
6. The Project Team.
7. The Scope Of Project Management.

Unit-1
Daily Quiz
1. What do you understand the meaning of Project involved in Project Management.

2. Identify the various Characteristics of project.
3. Discuss the types of Project.
4. Discuss the project team.
5. Explain the scope of Project Management.
6. Who leads the team of project- a project manager or a leader
7. Is idea a project?
8. List the various types of project.
9. Define a project.

Unit-1
Session Learning Objective with CO mapping
1.Identify the various components to make a project successful.

2.Discuss the formulation of key areas Project.
3.Discuss the project team and components leads to project failure.
Topic Course Outcome

Criteria of the various components to make a project successful. CO1

Unit-1
Precap
1. The Various Components To Make A Project Successful.

2. The Project Team And Components Leads To Project Failure.
3. The Scope Of Project Management.

Unit-1
Project Success
• Set Expectations: Define the Project

• Get Organized: Create the Project Plan
• Start at the Top: Gain Executive Support
• The Best Teams Deliver the Best Results: Project Team Management
• Prepare for the Inevitable: Risk Management
• Stick to the Plan: Scope Management
• Deliver on the Plan: Quality Assurance
• Spread the News: Communicate Early and Often
• Gain User Acceptance: Change Management
• Quantify Results: Measure Project Success

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Unit-1
Project Failure
1. Lack of resource planning

2. Unclear Goals and Objectives
3. Lack of project visibility
4. Communication gaps
5. Scope creep
6. Unrealistic expectations

March 15, 2024 Shruti sharma AMBA 0401
Unit-1 15
Project Constraints
Time
Project managers must estimate the time required to complete a project. To do so, they use tools such as
PERT charts or the critical path method. This must be done during the initiation and planning phases of
the project life cycle to develop a schedule covering the duration of all the activities. The project
management process responsible for this constraint is schedule management.
Scope
The scope refers to all the work necessary to complete a project. It must be identified during the
planning stage by using a work breakdown structure. If the scope is not properly defined early in the
project, it can expand during the execution phase due to unplanned activities. The
scope management process helps keep this constraint in check.
Cost
There are many costs associated with a project. Project managers are responsible for estimating,
budgeting and controlling costs so the project can be completed within the approved budget. All of this
falls under the process known as cost management.

Unit-1 16
Key Areas Of Project Management
• SCOPE MANAGEMENT
• ISSUE MANAGEMENT
• COST MANAGEMENT
• QUALITY MANAGEMENT
• COMMUNICATIONS MANAGEMENT
• RISK MANAGEMENT
• CHANGE CONTROL MANAGEMENT

Unit-1 17
Scope Management
Project Scope Management

Defining the project scope is a great step towards making the right inroads into the next development
and execution of set goals. The scope here defines collecting the requirements of the project, defining
the goals and missions that will complete the project diagram and making the right work breakdown
structure that will help the team to go ahead with the schedule management plan for its
implementation in the planning stage.
Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) is an important step as the main work related to the project scope is
broken down into minute pieces that will aid the team via brainstorming and deeper understanding of
the requirements. The Scope Management does not have any role in the Execution phase and in
Monitoring and Controlling phase, the scope of the project is validated and monitored if the project has
been successfully executed as per the first accepted and drawn scope insights.

Unit-1 18
Recap
1. Identify the various Characteristics of project.

2. the keys areas of project.
3. the objective of Project Management.

Unit-1
Daily Quiz
Why does project fails

Is cost a constraint for project
What are the things to keep in mind to make the project successful
What are the basic key areas for project management
Define project
List the triple constraint of project

Unit-1
Session Learning Objective with CO mapping
1. Understand the key areas of Project.

Criteria of key areas of Project CO1

Unit-1
Precap
Key areas of project management

Cost
Scope
Quality
Change
communication

Unit-1
Resource Management
Project Resource Management

Resources are the backbone of the project in terms of human capabilities and planning your overall
work schedule. The tasks under this knowledge category are spread across planning, Executing and
Managing & Control Phases. The work starts with planning the resources from the inputs of cost, quality
and schedule management keeping in mind the project scope with special focus on the deliverables.
Next, the estimation of the resources takes place where the availability of the resources is taken into
consideration and activity to be assigned.
In the Execution phase, acquisition of the resources for the project along with deployment of the skills
to deliver the goals is set as per schedule, managing them to ensure all the tasks are done in time
through proper planning.
Once the execution in place, controlling of resources is done to ensure the deliverables are delivered to
the destination customer on time.

Unit-1
Cost Management
Project Cost Management

Project Cost is another important factor that will determine the credibility and effectiveness of the company in
the execution of the project in the accepted invoice amount. The steps involved in this knowledge area is
spread across planning and monitoring & controlling phases; In planning phase – the cost management and
disbursement plan is made for each entity with inputs of the Schedule management, cost estimated and finally
the budget for each phase is allocated on a project basis.
In the Monitoring & Controlling phase, the cost is monitored as the project is executed and controlled in case
of overheads beyond the given permissible limits.
Overall, a report is generated for assessment and will be used as a precursor for insights and business sense to
be captured when performance is being measured from a project perspective.

Unit-1
Quality Management
Project Quality Management

Project quality is one of the prominent indicators that determine the deliverables, the cost and schedule
are directly proportional to the quality and project scope that is being carried over by the final delivery.
Quality Management comes into play in planning, execution and manage & control phases; proper
planning will be the key to a great quality that is maintained across all the phases with inputs from cost
management and people behind the project who manage & execute for the customer as per their
requirements.
In the monitor & control phase, controlling the quality is the key as the customer expects the best while
the project is getting handed over for its destination and application.

Unit-1
Integration Management
Project Integration Management

The journey of Project Integration starts with the preparation of the Charter which is the primary bible for any
project manager and concerned team to investigate the details of the project. Based on which, the
Project Management plan is made and given for execution when moving from initiation to planning phase, after
which the whole responsibility of execution starts with managing & direction of the project work, preparation of
the project knowledge and facts to be presented across to the different stakeholders and monitory agencies.
In the Project integration, monitoring and controlling phase has a lot of importance with the monitoring and
controlling team looking to make the best of the work completed along with the implementation of any change
management if required in the due course of the ongoing project.
Finally, the Integration management ends with the closure and handover of the project to the customer with
thorough checks and signoffs from concerned teams.

Unit-1
Risk Management
The truth is that no project goes off without a hitch, and it’s unrealistic to look at a project
and assume that everything will go smoothly.
If you can manage your firefighting by identifying major project risks and the mitigation
plans associated with them, your team and project requesters will be prepared and more
forgiving when issues in a project come up. As an added bonus, you’ll have the benefits of
time and energy upfront rather than trying to troubleshoot at the eleventh hour when
your team is stressed and up against a deadline.

Unit-1
Recap
Meaning Of Project Involved In Project Management.

Characteristics Of Project.
Key Areas Of Project Management.
Project Team.

Unit-1
Daily Quiz
• List the basic key areas of project management

• Why cost management is needed
• Define scope for any project
• Is quality management an important factor for any project
• Define change management with an example
• Communication is a medium to adapt change. Is this a valid statement
• What is risk?
• Why risk needs to manage?

Unit-1
Session Learning Objective With CO Mapping
1. Discuss the formulation of Project Life Cycle and types of Project.

2. Explain the scope of Project Management.

Criteria of formulation of Project Life Cycle and types of Project. CO1

Unit-1
Precap
Classification of project
Regular operations
Project life cycle
Benefits of project

Unit-1
Categories Of Project
installing a new accounting

1. Administrative
system
2. Construction a building or road
Computer Software
3. a new computer program
Development
architectural or engineering
4. Design of Plans
plans
5.
Equipment or System a telephone system or IT
Installation system
Olympiads or a move into a
6. Event or Relocation
new building
7.
Maintenance of Process petro-chemical plant or
Industries electric generating station
a new drug or
8. New Product Development
aerospace/defense product
a feasibility study or
9. Research
investigating a chemical

Unit-1SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1
Difference Between Project And Regular Operations
PROJECT
•temporary - they have a definitive beginning and end
•unique - they are a new undertaking, unexplored ground
REGULAR OPERATIONS
•repetitive - they have expected inputs and outputs every time

•ongoing - they have a continuous cycle of execution
Shruti sharma SHRUTI SHARMA AMBA 0401 KMB401

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Unit 1
March 15, 2024 Unit-1
Project Life Cycle

Unit-1
Initiating (Define The Problem)
This is the starting phase where the project manager must prove that the project has value
and is feasible. This includes creating a business case that justifies the need for the project,
and a feasibility study to prove it can be executed within a reasonable time and cost.
Then a project charter, which is a document that conveys what the project is going to deliver,
is created. A project brief serves a similar purpose. Their main difference is that a project
charter is part of the PMBOK framework, while a project brief aligns with the PRINCE2
methodology.
This project management stage culminates in a project kickoff meeting, where the team,
stakeholders and other relevant parties are brought together to lay out the project goals,
schedule, processes and the chain of communication.

Unit-1
Planning (Generating Concepts)
After the project has been approved, the project moves into the second project management phase:
project planning. The goal of this phase is the creation of the project plan, which will be the guide for the next
two phases. The project plan must include every component associated with the execution of the project,
including the costs, risks, resources and timeline.
During this phase, the project scope (the work required to complete the project) is defined using a
work breakdown structure (WBS). The WBS breaks the project down into activities, milestones and
deliverables, making it easy for project managers to create schedules and assign tasks to their team members.
Project managers often lay out their project plan using a Gantt chart, which provides a visual representation
of the entire project. This provides a roadmap for the work until the project reaches its conclusion.

Unit-1
Executing (Develop A Solution)
The third project management phase is project execution, which is when the
tasks and milestones outlined in the plan are tackled to produce the
deliverable to the client’s or stakeholder’s satisfaction.
Along the way, the project manager will reallocate resources as needed to
keep the team working. In addition, they will identify and mitigate risks, deal
with problems and incorporate any changes.

Unit-1
Monitoring And Controlling (Construct And Test A Prototype)
The fourth project management phase, project monitoring and control, takes
place concurrently with the execution phase of the project. It involves
monitoring the progress and performance of the project to ensure it stays on
schedule and within budget. Quality control procedures are applied to guarantee
quality assurance.
The biggest issues in a project are typically related to three factors—time, cost and
scope, which collectively are referred to as the triple constraint. The main goal of
this phase is to set firm controls on the project to ensure those three factors don’t
go off track.

Unit-1
Closing (Evaluate And Present Solution)
The fifth project management phase is project closure, in which the final
deliverables are presented to the client or stakeholder. Once approved,
resources are released, documentation is completed and everything is
signed off on. At this point the project manager and team can conduct a
post-mortem to evaluate the lessons learned from the project.
Depending on the project, the closure phase may include handing over
control to a different team, such as an operations management team. In
this case, it is the job of the project manager to ensure such a transition
occurs smoothly.

Unit-1
Product and Project Life Cycle

Unit-1
Benefits Of Project Management
•It provides a structure for project delivery.
•It improves communication between team members.
•It enables progress to be tracked across the organisation.
•It provides for the progressive evolution of the project.
•It enables structured reviews that support governance.

Unit-1
Quiz: Are These Projects?
YES NO
Building a deck
YES NO
Implementing a new system
YES NO
Mowing the lawn
YES NO
Planning a wedding
YES NO
Planning a fundraiser
YES NO
Planning a student graduation

Unit-1
MCQ s
1.Which of the following is not a project management goal?

A. Keeping overall costs within budget
B. Delivering the software to the customer at the agreed time
C. Maintaining a happy and well-functioning development team
D. All of the above
2. The process each manager follows during the life cycle of a project is known as
E. Project Management
F. Manager life cycle
G.Project Management Life Cycle
H. All of the mentioned
Shruti sharma AMBA 0401 Unit-

March 15, 2024 1 43
MCQ s
3. Quality planning is the process of developing a quality plan applicable for.

A. Team
B. Project
C. Customers
D. project manager
4. Which of the following is an incorrect activity for the configuration management of a

software system?
A. Internship management
B. Change management
C. Version management
D. System management

March 15, 2024 1 44
MCQ s
5. Gantt chart was invented by

A.Frank Gantt
B.Henry Gantt
C. Duke Gantt
D.Bill Gantt
6. The business idea must be compatible with the following attributes of

entrepreneur.
E. Interest
F. Personality
G.Resources
H.All of the above

March 15, 2024 1 45
Assignment Questions
Fill in the blanks:

1. The successful ………………… is all about structure, control, sufficient attention to detail and
continuously driving action.
2. A project can only be successful when there is no conflict between the ………………… and the local
populace.
3. Project Management is quite often the province and responsibility of an individual …………………
4. The project manager needs to be an ………………… expert who can motivate the workforce by
training and promoting leadership among them.
A. HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT
B. PRODUCT MANUFACTURING
C. QUALITY MANAGEMENT
D. COST MANAGEMENT
5. Every project has some elements that are ……………………

E. Innovative
F. Professional
G. Creative
H. All of the above
Unit-1
Assignment Question
1. Discuss about Project Management as a Profession.

2. What do you know about Project Life Cycle? Support your answer with a suitable example.
Points to be kept in mind:

• Marks for fill ups (0.5 each)
• Question 1 carry 2.5 marks
• question 2 carries 5 marks
• Word limit for 1 max.250 words limit
• 2 question max. 500 words limit

Unit-1
Old Question Papers

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Old Question Papers

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Old Question Papers

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Old Question Papers

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Expected Questions for University Exam
Q1. Discuss the project. elaborate are the components of project management process?
Q2. Describe various Tools and techniques of project management.
Q3. Discuss the characteristics of a Project leader.
Q4. Explain the term 'project organisation'.
Q5. Explain the project life cycle with neat and clean diagram.
March 15, 2024 Shruti sharma AMBA 0401 Unit-1 52

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Noida Institute of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

A project is defined as an effort to create or modify a specific product or

March 15, 2024 SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

There are many different definitions of what constitutes a project:

March 15, 2024 Shruti sharma AMBA 0401 5

March 15, 2024 SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

March 15, 2024 SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

March 15, 2024 SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

1. The Meaning Of Project Involved In Project Management.

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

1. What do you understand the meaning of Project involved in Project Management.

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

1.Identify the various components to make a project successful.

Topic Course Outcome

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

1. The Various Components To Make A Project Successful.

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

• Set Expectations: Define the Project

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

1. Lack of resource planning

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

Project Scope Management

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

1. Identify the various Characteristics of project.

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

Why does project fails

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

1. Understand the key areas of Project.

Topic Course Outcome

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

Key areas of project management

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

Project Resource Management

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

Project Cost Management

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

Project Quality Management

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

Project Integration Management

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

Meaning Of Project Involved In Project Management.

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

• List the basic key areas of project management

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

1. Discuss the formulation of Project Life Cycle and types of Project.

Topic Course Outcome

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

installing a new accounting

March 15, 2024 Shruti sharma AMBA 0401 32

•repetitive - they have expected inputs and outputs every time

Shruti sharma SHRUTI SHARMA AMBA 0401 KMB401

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1

SHRUTI SHARMA KMB401 Unit 1