Thinking Scientifically

About Politics

Presented By:
Md. Sazzad Hossain 2012791030
Salzer Kader Efad 2414082615
Hasibul Kabir 2311665042
Thinking Scientifically
About Politics

Political scientists can use the scientific method

in a variety of ways. These includes-
• Case Studies
• Survey research
• Experiments
• Quantitative Analysis
Case Studies
A case study is an investigation of a specific
phenomenon or entity. A case study might
examine a single county law, governmental
office, war, riot, president, political decision or
other phenomenon.
 Some Example of
Case Studies

• Spain's Democratization: Case studies of Spain's transition from dictatorship to democracy highlight factors crucial to
the democratization process, such as political leadership, economic conditions, and social alliances.
• U.S. Civil Rights Act of 1964: Analysis of this legislation reveals the strategic maneuvers employed by opponents to
thwart civil rights protections. The inclusion of a provision protecting women's rights, intended to sabotage the bill,
ultimately led to its passage, exposing cultural assumptions and complexities in U.S. politics.
• Presidential Press Conferences: Case studies of individual presidents, like Reagan, illuminate the strategic tactics
employed to manage press conferences. For example, seating friendly reporters strategically to control the flow of
questions demonstrates the manipulation of public perception.
Importance of Case Studies
• Case studies offer in-depth examination of
specific phenomena, allowing researchers to
uncover detailed information and nuances
• They provide fascinating insights into
complex political processes, such as
democratization, legislative dynamics, and
presidential strategies.
Limitations Of Case Studies

• Case studies alone do not allow for

generalizations beyond the specific entity
studied.
• They are typically time-bound and provide
data limited to the period of study.
• Constructing scientific theories and making
predictions based solely on single case
studies can be challenging.
 Relevance and Contribution:

• -Despite their limitations, case studies

enrich our understanding of political
phenomena by revealing intricate details and
uncovering hidden realities
• -They provide valuable insights into the
dynamics of political processes and
decision-making, contributing to broader
discussions and debates in political science.
• Overall, while case studies may not provide universal truths or
predictive capabilities, they offer invaluable insights into the
complexities of political behavior, institutions, and power
dynamics. Their detailed examination of specific cases
enriches our understanding of political phenomena and
informs broader theoretical frameworks and discussions.
 SURVEY

RESEARC
WHAT IS SURVEY
RESEARCH??

Survey research is a method of collecting data

from a popula tion through the use of structured
questionnaire s or interviews.

It's a systematic way of gathering information from a sample of

individuals to draw conclusions or make inferences about a larger
population.
 Scope of
01. Investigation.
Case Study VS
Survey Research Depth of
02. Analysis.

Data Collection and

03. Analysis Methods.
 LIMITATIONS

01 02 03 04

INABILITY TO POTENTIAL CHALLENGE LIMITED

PROBE DEEPLY FOR BIAS OR
MISINTERPRET
Surveys are not designed to
provide detailed probing of
ATION
individual entities.
The wording of survey
especially for large or diverse
questions can introduce bias or
ambiguity, leading to inaccurate
responses
S IN SAMPLE PRED ICTIV E
SELECTION PO WER
Obtaining a truly random Surveys may not accurately
predict future behavior or
sample can be challenging,
outcomes, as responses can be
populations. influenced by current
circumstances or societal
norms.
 PRESIDENTIAL
POLITICS
Survey research systematically Survey research informs strategic
Surveys enable accurate election
captures and analyzes voter decisions in presidential campaigns
outcome predictions by sampling
sentiment, revealing insights into by identifying key voter
representative voter segments and
public opinion dynamics and demographics and assessing message
tracking shifts in candidate
candidate preferences in effectiveness for resource allocation.
support over time based on polling
presidential politics. data.

VOTER ELECTION CAMPAIGN

SENTIMENT FORECASTING STRATEGY
ANALYSIS DEVELOPMENT