Mechanics, Kinematics and Materials

MP2784

Semester 2 - Week 10: 22 March 2022

By Dr Muqi Wulan
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REVIEW

Part 1

Normal stress σ / Shear stress τ

on an inclined section
 Normal stress σθ and shear
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stress τθ
on an inclined section
σx σx
Sign
Convention
Stress Element in a 2D Plane
When a stress element is on a x-y plane, only the x and y
faces/sides are subject to stresses.

Sign convention

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REVIEW

Part 2

Transformation Equations
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Practice Question

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Practice Question

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Part 3

Principal Stresses
Principal Stresses – σ1 and σ2

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Principal Stresses – σ1 and σ2 (1)

σ1,2 = + * ()+ τxy*

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Principal Stresses – σ1 and σ2 (2)
σ1,2 = + * ()+ τxy*

σ1,2 = + ( )2* + (τxy)2 *

σ1,2 = +

σ1,2 = +

σ1,2 = + R (1)

= =

Use = + to substitute in Equation (1), then gives the larger of the two principal
stresses:

σ1 = +
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Principal Stresses – σ1 and σ2 (3)
Use = - to substitute in Equation (1), then gives the smaller of the two principal
stresses:

σ2 = -

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Principal Angles – P1 and P2

There are two values of 2𝜽P in the range of -90o to 270o, differing by 180o.
Therefore there are two values of 𝜽P - 𝜽P1 and 𝜽P2, differing by 90o.
Use transformation equations:

Corresponding relations between σ1 and θp1, σ2 and θp2.

σ1 = + cos2θp1 + τxy sin2θp1

σ2 = + cos2θp1 + τxy sin2θp1

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Summary: Principal Stresses

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Example Question 1

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Relationship Between Principal Stresses
and Maximum Shear Stresses

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20 Week 10: Homework Question

1. A stress element is shown below.

1). Set x and y coordinates, and find the stresses acting on
a new element which makes 45o to the shown element.
2). Plot a graph to show the stresses on the new element.
Week 10: Homework Question
2. A stress element is shown below. Find:
1). Principal stresses.
2). Maximum shear stress
3). Use a stress element to show the principal plane
with principal stresses and angles.

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