Classroom

Observation

1st Quarter of 2nd Semester

Grade 11 TVL-AFA
Organic Agriculture NC II

Prepared by:
Krizzle C. Carzon
Teacher I
 Insect Pests of
Vegetable Crops
Aphids
Borer
Bugs
Beetles
 Definition of Terms
1. Pesticides - are substances used for destroying insects
or other organisms harmful to cultivated plants or to
animals.
2. Extract - An extract is a concentrated substance
obtained from raw materials such as plants, fruits, or
herbs.
3. Dehydration - occurs when your body doesn't have
sufficient water, leading to health problems and feeling
unwell.
4. Dosage - the exact amount of something, like medicine
or a chemical, that you should take or use at a certain
time.
Content Standard
The learner demonstrates an
understanding of the basic concepts,
underlying theories and principles in
producing organic vegetables.
Performance Standard
The learner independently demonstrates
the core competencies in producing organic
vegetables based on TESDA Training
Regulations.
At the end of the lesson, you should be able
to:
1. know the different botanical
insecticides;
2. make a botanical insecticide; and
3. appreciate the importance of
botanical insecticides in organic
farming.
Jumbled
Words
Botanical Insecticides
 Botanical insecticides
These are pesticides derived from natural
plant sources, such as extracts of certain plants
or their active compounds. These substances
are used to control pests in vegetable farms
while minimizing harm to the environment and
human health.
Different Botanical Insecticides
1. Tomato Plant Extract
2. Ginger or Turmeric Extract
3. Hot pepper and Lemon Grass
Extract
1. Tomato Plant Extract

It is used to control various insect and pest

such as beetles, caterpillars, and aphids.
 How to make a
Tomato Plant Extract?
1 part
Materials

1 part

Ratio: 1:1
1 Chop tomato plants (leaves and stem)
finely. Preferably, tomato plant at vegetative
state or those that did not bear fruit yet.
2

Put 1 part chopped

tomato plant in a pot and
add 1 part tap water.
Simmer the mixture for 5
minutes.
3 Let the boiled mixture cool down and
extract the juice using a strainer.
 Dosage, Application, and
Utilization

Spray on leaves of plants at a Tomato plant extract can be

ratio of 1part tomato plant combined or mixed with ginger,
extract with 5 parts of tap water hot pepper and lemon grass
every 3-7 days. extract.
2. Ginger or Turmeric Extract
Ginger or turmeric extract is used to control
insect pest and diseases. The insect pest will
dehydrate when it gets in contact with the
extract.
 How to make a
Ginger or Turmeric
Extract?
 Materials
1 part

Ratio: 1:2
1 Wash, peel and chop or slice 1 part ginger or
turmeric.
 2

Place the chopped ginger or

turmeric in the blender and
add 2 parts of tap water.
Blend and extract the juice
using flour cloth.
3 Store at room temperature for 10-15
days. Refrigerated extracts can last for 2
months.
 Dosage, Application, and
Utilization

Spray on leaves of plants at a

ratio of 1 part ginger extract and
4 parts of tap water every after
3-7 days
3. Hot Pepper and Lemon Grass Extracts
Hot pepper and lemon grass extracts are good
to control aphids, thrips and other sucking
insects. Also, it affects the digestive system of
insect larvae.
 How to make Hot Pepper
and Lemon Grass Extracts?
 Materials
1 part

1 part

Ratio: 1:3
 Blend hot pepper then add 1 part of tap water.
1 Extract the juice using a flour cloth.

Do not discard yet the blended

hot pepper. Instead, put this back
in a container then add another
liter of tap water. Repeat the
extraction process then add
second extract to the first.
 Chop lemon grass finely. Place 1 part of
2 chopped lemon grass in a blender, add 1
part water and blend. Extract the juice using
flour cloth.
3
Thoroughly mix the hot pepper
extract and the lemon grass
extract. This can be used
within 15 - 30 days. Refrigerate
the mixture to prolong its
usable life for another month.
Dosage, Application, and Utilization

Add ½ L of the Spray on the

hot pepper and leaves or on
lemon grass the soil every
mixture to 16- after 3-7
20L of water days.
Questions?
 Student’s
Demonstration
 Ginger Extract

1. Wash, peel and chop or slice 1 part ginger.

2. Place the chopped ginger in the blender
and add 2 parts of tap water. Blend and
extract the juice using a flour cloth.
3. Store at room temperature for 10-15
days. Refrigerated extracts can last for 2
months.
 Botanical
insecticides
 Botanical
insecticides

Tomato Plant
Extract
 Botanical
insecticides

Tomato Plant Ginger or

Extract Turmeric
Extract
 Botanical
insecticides

Hot Pepper and

Tomato Plant Ginger or Lemon Grass
Extract Turmeric Extracts
Extract
Materials
 Ginger or Hot Pepper
Tomato Plant
Extract
Turmeric and Lemon
Extract Grass
 Ginger or Hot Pepper
Tomato Plant
Extract
Turmeric and Lemon
Extract Grass

1. Tap water
2. Tomato stems
3. Strainer
4. Pot
5. Knife
6. Chopping
board
 Ginger or Hot Pepper
Tomato Plant
Extract
Turmeric and Lemon
Extract Grass

1. Tap water
2. Tomato stems 1. Tap water
3. Strainer 2. Ginger/turmeric
3. Flour cloth
4. Pot 4. Knife
5. Knife 5. Chopping board
6. Chopping 6. Blender
board
 Ginger or Hot Pepper
Tomato Plant
Extract
Turmeric and Lemon
Extract Grass

1. Tap water 1. Tap water

2. Tomato stems 1. Tap water 2. Hot pepper/
3. Strainer 2. Ginger/turmeric lemon grass
3. Flour cloth
4. Pot 4. Knife
3. Blender
5. Knife 5. Chopping board 4. Flour cloth
6. Chopping 6. Blender 5. Knife
board
6. Blender
 Procedure
Hot Pepper
and Lemon
Grass
Ginger or
Turmeric
Extract
Tomato Plant
Extract
 Procedure
Hot Pepper
and Lemon
Grass
Ginger or
Turmeric
Extract
Tomato Plant
Extract
Tomato Plant Extract
1. Chop tomato plants (leaves and stem) finely.
Preferably, tomato plant at vegetative state or
those that did not bear fruit yet.
2. Put 1 part chopped tomato plant in a pot and add 1
part tap water. Simmer the mixture for 5 minutes.
3. Let the boiled mixture cool down and extract the
juice using a strainer.
 Procedure
Hot Pepper
and Lemon
Grass
Ginger or
Turmeric
Extract
Tomato Plant
Extract
 Procedure
Hot Pepper
and Lemon
Grass
Ginger or
Turmeric
Extract
Tomato Plant
Extract
Ginger or Turmeric Extract
1. Wash, peel and chop or slice 1 part ginger or
turmeric.
2. Place the chopped ginger or turmeric in the
blender and add 2 parts of tap water. Blend and
extract the juice using cheese cloth or flour cloth
3. Store at room temperature for 10-15 days.
Refrigerated extracts can last for 2 months.
 Procedure
Hot Pepper
and Lemon
Grass
Ginger or
Turmeric
Extract
Tomato Plant
Extract
 Procedure
Hot Pepper
and Lemon
Grass
Ginger or
Turmeric
Extract
Tomato Plant
Extract
Hot Pepper and Lemon Grass Extracts
1. Blend the 1 part hot pepper then add 1 part of
tap water. Extract the juice using a flour cloth.
2. Chop lemon grass finely. Place 1part lemon
grass in a blender, add 1 part tap water and
blend. Extract the juice using flour cloth.
3. Mix the hot pepper extract and the lemon grass
extract thoroughly.
 Dosage, Application and Utilization

Tomato Ginger or Hot Pepper

and Lemon
Plant Turmeric
Grass
Extract Extract Extracts
 Dosage of the following botanical
insecticides

Tomato Spray on leaves of

Plant plants at a ratio of
Extract 1L tomato plant
extract with 5L of
tap water every 3-7
days.
 Dosage, Application and Utilization

Spray on leaves Ginger or

of plants at a Turmeric
ratio of 1 part Extract
ginger extract
and 4 parts of tap
water every after
3-7 days
 Dosage, Application and Utilization

Add ½ L of
the hot
Hot Pepper
pepper and
and Lemon
lemon grass Spray on the Grass
mixture to leaves or on Extracts
16-20L of the soil
water every after
3-7 days.
How will farmers benefit from
botanical insecticides?
Why is it important to know some
botanical insecticides especially in
organic farming?
What did you learn
today?
Choose the correct letter of your answer.
1. These are pesticides derived from natural plant
sources, such as extracts of certain plants or their
active compounds used to control pests in the
vegetable farm.
A. Botanical fungicide
B. Botanical bacteriacide
C. Botanical insecticide
D. All of the above
2. What are the effects of hot pepper and lemon grass
extracts on aphids, thrips, and other sucking insects,
including their impact on insect larvae's digestive
systems?
A. They discourage insects without affecting their
digestive systems.
B. They kill insects upon contact but have no impact on
larvae's digestive systems.
C. They cause disturbances in the digestive systems of
insects, leading to their death.
D. They promote the growth and development of insects
while discouraging them from consuming plants.
3. Why is ginger or turmeric extract used for
managing insect pests and diseases?
A. Because the extract provides a nutritious
environment for insect pests.
B. Because the extract releases toxins that
paralyze insect pests, causing dehydration.
C. Because the extract has chemicals that mess
up insects' breathing, causing them to get
dehydrated.
D. Because the extract forms a physical barrier
that prevents insect pests from accessing water.
4. Which of the following steps would be
correct when preparing ginger extract?
A.Place the ginger directly into the blender
without washing it.
B.Store the extract in the refrigerator for up to
6 months.
C.Store the extract with or without peeling.
D.Store at room temperature for 10-15 days.
Refrigerated extracts can last for 2 months.
5. How often should you spray the ginger extract
onto plant leaves and what is the dosage?
A.Every 1-2 days at a ratio of 1L ginger extract
to 4L tap water.
B.Every 3-7 days at a ratio of 1L ginger extract
to 2L tap water.
C.Every 3-7 days at a ratio of 1L ginger extract
to 4L tap water.
D.Every 5-10 days at a ratio of 2L ginger extract
to 4L tap water.
Answer Key
1. These are pesticides derived from natural plant
sources, such as extracts of certain plants or their
active compounds used to control pests in the
vegetable farm.
A. Botanical fungicide
B. Botanical bacteriacide
C. Botanical insecticide
D. All of the above
2. What are the effects of hot pepper and lemon
grass extracts on aphids, thrips, and other sucking
insects?
A. They discourage insects without affecting their
digestive systems.
B. They kill insects upon contact but have no impact
on larvae's digestive systems.
C. They cause disturbances in the digestive
systems of insects, leading to their death.
D. They promote the growth and development of
insects while discouraging them from consuming
plants.
3. Why is ginger or turmeric extract used for
managing insect pests and diseases?
A. Because the extract provides a nutritious
environment for insect pests.
B. Because the extract releases toxins that paralyze
insect pests, causing dehydration.
C. Because the extract has chemicals that mess
up insects' breathing, causing them to get
dehydrated.
D. Because the extract forms a physical barrier that
prevents insect pests from accessing water.
4. Which of the following steps would be
correct when preparing ginger extract?
A.Place the ginger directly into the blender
without washing it.
B.Store the extract in the refrigerator for up to
6 months.
C.Store the extract with or without peeling.
D.Store at room temperature for 10-15
days. Refrigerated extracts can last for 2
months.
5. How often should you spray the ginger
extract onto plant leaves and what is the ratio?
A. Every 1-2 days at a ratio of 1L ginger extract
to 4L tap water.
B. Every 3-7 days at a ratio of 1L ginger extract
to 2L tap water.
C.Every 3-7 days at a ratio of 1L ginger
extract to 4L tap water.
D.Every 5-10 days at a ratio of 2L ginger
extract to 4L tap water.
Thank you for
listening!