VOLCANIC

ERUPTIONS

PREPARED BY: FELISA T. ANDAMON

Content Standard:

The learner demonstrates

understanding of the
volcanoes found in the
Philippines
Performance Standard:
The learner participates in
activities and reduces risks
as well as lessens the
effects of natural
phenomenon such as
volcanic eruption.
Objectives:

1. Compare explosive and

effusive eruptions.
Objectives:

2.Explain how the

composition of magma
affect eruptions.
Objectives:

3.Differentiate the types of

volcanoes and styles of
volcanic eruption.
Questions:
1.Are all volcanic eruptions alike?
2.What makes a volcanic eruption
effusive and explosive?
3.What are the types of volcanoes
and styles of volcanic eruptions?
ELICIT
WHAT HAPPENS
WHEN WE
SHAKE A
BOTTLE OF
SOFTDRINKS?
The bottle of softdrinks
contains dissolved carbon
dioxide.When we shake the
bottle, the dissolved carbon
dioxide will turn into bubbles of
gas, increasing the pressure
inside the bottle.
A volcanic eruption is like a soda
fizzing out of a bottle.
And in this lesson, we will learn why
and how volcanic eruptions occur.
ENGAGE
Show a video of erupting Mt. Mayon
Volcano
EXPLORE
1.Are all volcanic
eruptions alike?
The answer is No. Some eruptions
are quiet or effusive while some are
explosive.

EFFUSIVE ERUPTION- a quiet or non

explosive eruption. It is the most
common type of eruption. It
produces calm lava flow.
It also releases huge amounts of lava
but less ash and dust.

Quiet eruption…
What about an
explosive
eruption?
EXPLOSIVE ERUPTION- is less
common but more destructive. It
also produces clouds of hot ash, gas
and rock fragments and it does not
produce lava flows.
PYROCLASTIC MATERIALS
Effusive and explosive eruption is
not possible to happen at the same
time.

Explosive eruption of Mt. Mayon in 1984

Effusive eruption of Mt. Mayon in 2018
2.What makes volcanic eruption
effusive and/or explosive
First, MAGMA COMPOSITION, affects
how a volcano erupts.
Magma contains water and silica
Beneath the surface,
As magma rises, the pressure suddenly
decreases and water turns into bubbles
of gas.
Tsunamis
So, the process is just the same with a
bottle of softdrinks with lots of dissolved
carbon dioxide.
Second, another composition of
magma that affects volcanic
eruption is SILICA.
VISCOSITY is the resistance to flow.
3.What are the different
types of volcanoes and
volcanic eruptions?
1. Shield Volcano
2. Cinder Cone Volcano
3. Composite Volcano
1. SHIELD VOLCANOES- are
formed by the accumulation of
lava that oozes out from the
volcano. Since non-viscous lava
can flow freely, a broad,
slightly domed structure that
resembles a warrior’s shield is formed.
An example of shield volcano is the
Mauna Loa Volcano in Hawaii.
2. CINDER CONE VOLCANOES-
are built from ejected lava
fragments. They have a steep
slope, wide crater and are the
most abundant of the three
major volcano types. One
example of this type is the Taal
Volcano in Batangas.
3. COMPOSITE VOLCANOES or
STRATOVOLCANOES are large,
nearly perfect sloped structure
formed from alternate
solidification of both lava
and pyroclastic deposits. One
perfect example of this type of
cone is our Mayon Volcano.
EXPLAIN
Arranged in the order of increasing degree
of explosiveness.
1. ICELANDIC ERUPTION

Icelandic eruption in Iceland.

2. HAWAIIAN ERUPTION

Example: Kilauea volcano in Hawaii..

3. STROMBOLIAN

Example: Strombolian eruption with rains of lava bumps.

4. VULCANIAN

This mixture forms dark turbulent eruption clouds that

rapidly ascend and expand in convuluted shapes.
5. PELEAN

Extremely destructive because the pyroclastic flows pour

down to valleys and slopes at great velocities.
6. PLINIAN

Forms a tall convection eruption column of mixture of gas

and rock particles and can cause wide dispersion of ash.
 STRONG PLINIAN ERUPTION –
MT. PINATUBO IN 1991 in ZAMBALES
known as 2nd largest eruption of the 20th
century
ELABORATE
WRAP-UP:
1. Not all volcanic eruptions are
alike. Some are effusive or
quiet while others are
explosive
WRAP-UP:

2. The factors that affect

magma composition are water
and silica content.
WRAP-UP:

3. Magma composition,
viscosity, and temperature
determine how a volcano
erupts.
WRAP-UP:

4. Based on the shape and the

material they expel, volcanoes
are classified into shield,
shield cinder
and composite volcanoes.
volcanoes
WRAP-UP:

5. The different volcanic

eruption styles are icelandic,
icelandic
hawaiian,
hawaiian strombolian,
strombolian
vulcanian,
vulcanian pelean and plinian.
plinian
EVALUATE
Direction:

Identify what is being asked on

the following statements.
1. Effusive eruption produce
calm _______ flow.
2. Ash, gas and rock fragments
ejected from a volcano are
collectively known as _____.
3. _______ volcanoes form
when layers of lava from many
non-explosive eruptions build
up.
4. _______ eruption is
characterized by fluid lava
being ejected from a vent as
fire fountains or lava flows.
5. _______ eruption is the most
violent volcanic eruption style.
KEY KEY KEY
1. LAVA
2. PYROCLASTIC
MATERIALS
3. SHIELD
4. HAWAIIAN
5. PLINIAN