Practical

Research 1
Characteristics, Ethics of
Research and Process
RESEARCH
 RE SEARCH

to repeat to find to seek

to discover to explore
again
to investigate

to repeat finding
to repeat seeking to discover again

investigating again
exploring again
 Practical
Research 1
Research is defined as the scientific investigation of phenomena which
includes collection, presentation, analysis and interpretation of facts that
lines an individual‘s speculation with reality.
 Practical
Empiric Research 1
al
Systematic Characteris Cyclic
al
tics of
Analitica
Research l
 Empirical Systematic Cyclical Analytical
Research is Follows orderly Research is a Research utilizes
based on direct and sequential cyclical process proven analytical
procedures procedures in
experience or because it gathering the data,
observation by Logical starts with a whether historical,
the researcher. Research is based problem and ends descriptive, and
on valid with a problem. experimental and
procedures and case study.
principles.

Characteristics of Research
 Practical
Empiric Research 1
al
Systematic Characteris Cyclic
al
tics of
Objectiv Analitica
e Research l

Methodic Critic
al Replicabilit al
y
Objective Critical Methodical Replicabilit
Research is
Refers to the Research conducted in a y
research as exhibits methodical
The research design
and procedures are
unbiased and careful and manner without replicated or
logical precise bias using repeated to enable
judgment. systematic the researcher to
method and arrive at valid and
conclusive results.
procedures..

Characteristics of Research
 Ethics of
Research
Ethic relate to the standards that should be upheld to guard
participants from harm or risk.

s
Ethical considerations should be made at each stage of the
research design and include informed consent, voluntary
participation and respect for confidentiality.
 Ethics of
Ethical Research
Unethical
Considerations Practices
✔ Objectivity and integrity X Deceiving a respondent about the true purpose of
a study.
X Asking a respondent question that cause him
✔ Respect of the research subject’s right to privacy or her extreme embarrassment, guilt, etc.
and dignity and protection of subjects from
X Invading the privacy of the respondent.
personal harm.
X Studying the respondents or research
subjects without their knowledge.
✔ Presentation and findings. X When analyzing the data, the author reveals only
the part of the fact, presenting the facts out of
✔ Acknowledgement of research collaboration and context, falsifying findings or offering misleading
assistance.
presentation such as lying with statistics.
 Ethics of
Research
❑The kind of information obtained because of the
length and personal interaction.

❑ Act professionally

❑ Expected to give back to the subjects/participants of the research and to show

appreciation for their commitment of time , effort and cooperation.

❑ Writes a letter and seeks to be allowed to conduct a study.

 Process of Research Making

3. Select a
2. Review the specific
research
1. Select general problem. literature of problem,
the problem. question, or
hypothesis.

7. Interpret the
findings and state 6. Analyze
conclusions or 5. Collect
generalizations and present 4. Design Research
data
regarding the data.
problem.

IMRaD