LEARNING STRAND 6:

DIGITAL CITIZENSHIP
CONTENT STANDARD: DIGITAL CONCEPTS
After this lesson, you should be able to:
1. identify the characteristics of a computer, and its different types;
2. identify the parts of a computer, and its functions;
3. differentiate the hardware and software.
 WHAT IS DESKTOP COMPUTER?

A desktop computer is a computer

that fits on or under a desk. They utilize peripheral
devices for interaction, such as a keyboard and mouse
for input, and display devices like a monitor,
projector, or television. Unlike a laptop, which is
portable, desktop computers are generally made to
stay at one location.
PARTS OF A DESKTOP COMPUTER
1. MONITOR
The computer monitor is a
significant part, without it the user cannot function
the computer. The screen of the monitor allows the
user to interact with the computer. The monitor
screen is for visual display of all types of
information provided by the computer. The monitor
is designed to display all kinds of information
like image, video, symbolic, graphical, etc, as Soft
Copy on its screen.
PARTS OF A DESKTOP COMPUTER
2. KEYBOARD
The keyboard is one of the
most important parts of computer. The
keyboard is designed to input the data by
typing letters, symbols, numbers. The
keyboard is used for writing work on the
computer.
PARTS OF A DESKTOP COMPUTER
3. MOUSE
The mouse is an input
device also known as a pointing device of
a computer. Its main function is to
facilitate user interaction with the monitor
screen of the computer like the keyboard. A
mouse is a device connected to a computer
case for controlling the cursor on the
screen.
PARTS OF A DESKTOP COMPUTER
4. PRINTER
A printer is a device whose
main function is to print electronic
information like text and images onto paper
as a hard copy. In this way, the process of
transferring data to hard paper is called
printing, and the result is a printout.
PARTS OF A DESKTOP COMPUTER
5. COMPUTER CASE
The computer case is a visible
and most important part of computers also
known as the computer tower and chassis. It is
used to store the main components of a
computer like a motherboard with a
processor, power supply, a video card, and
RAM, hard disks, CPU fans, optical disk
drive, memory cards, etc.
PARTS OF A DESKTOP COMPUTER
6. MOTHERBOARD
The
motherboard is one of expensive unit as it is
the main circuit that enables the integration or
you can say hold all the components of a
computer. After connecting the different,
components, it transfers the information to the
corresponding destination, through this, it
facilitates communication between devices.
PARTS OF A DESKTOP COMPUTER
7. PROCESSOR
The processor is the most important
component inserted into the CPU socket on
the motherboard, present in the computer
case. The processor acts as the brain of the
entire operation of the computer system and it
is the 4th generation of computer.
PARTS OF A DESKTOP COMPUTER
8. HARD DISK
The hard drive or HDD is one of the
computer storage devices that can store any
kind of digital information based on magnetic
technology. As well a Hard drive is a ROM
Memory of computers.
PARTS OF A DESKTOP COMPUTER
9. RAM
The RAM’s full form is ‘Random Access
Memory’. The ROM memory is used to store data
but in the case of RAM memory is used to run the
whole computer system in real-time. RAM is the
fastest type of memory, and it has the ability to be
read and write the data but temporarily until the
Power Supply to the device. Because as the
computer is turned off, all the processed data of
RAM automatically goes to the trash.
PARTS OF A DESKTOP COMPUTER
10. SPEAKER
The main function of speakers is a way
for computers to interact with their users. These
provide a means for the computer to produce
audio. The sound produced by computer speakers
is done by a hardware component whose name is
a sound card that is pre-installed with the
computer.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN HARDWARE AND
SOFTWARE
 TYPES OF COMPUTER HARDWARE
ACCESSORIES AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
1. MONITOR
6. MOTHERBOARD
2. KEYBOARD 7.
PROCESSOR
3. MOUSE
8. HARD DISK
4. PRINTER
9. RAM
5. COMPUTER CASE 10.
SPEAKER
 TYPES OF COMPUTER HARDWARE
ACCESSORIES AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
1. MONITOR
6. MOTHERBOARD
2. KEYBOARD 7.
PROCESSOR
3. MOUSE
8. HARD DISK
4. PRINTER
9. RAM
5. COMPUTER CASE 10.
SPEAKER
 TYPES OF COMPUTER HARDWARE
ACCESSORIES AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
1. MONITOR
6. MOTHERBOARD
2. KEYBOARD 7.
PROCESSOR
3. MOUSE
8. HARD DISK
4. PRINTER
9. RAM
5. COMPUTER CASE 10.
SPEAKER
 TYPES OF COMPUTER SOFTWARE
ACCESSORIES AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
1. Application Software
This is the most common type of computer software, and can be defined
as end-user programs that help you perform tasks or achieve a desired outcome.
Some examples of application software include internet browsers, a CRM tool
like Hubspot, a photo-editing software like Adobe or Lightroom, or a word
processing application like Microsoft Word. Application software is installed on
a computer or mobile device based upon a user’s need.
 TYPES OF COMPUTER SOFTWARE
ACCESSORIES AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
2. System Software
System software helps the user, the computer or mobile device, and an application all
work together seamlessly. Think about when your laptop or phone has an update. This is
system software in action: there is a tweak made to the system software that helps your
computer or phone continue to work well and keep applications running. Apple’s iOS is an
example of system software, as is Microsoft Windows. System software is always running in
the background of your device, but it is never something you will use directly. In fact, the
only time most people remember it’s there is when it is time for an update.
 TYPES OF COMPUTER SOFTWARE
ACCESSORIES AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
3. Programming Software
While application software is designed for end-users, and system software
is designed for computers or mobile devices, programming software is for
computer programmers and developers who are writing code. These are programs
that are used to write, develop, test, and debug other software programs. It’s
helpful to think of these programs as a translator of sorts: they take programming
languages like Laravel, Python and more and translate them into something a
computer or phone will understand.
 TYPES OF COMPUTER SOFTWARE
ACCESSORIES AND THEIR FUNCTIONS
4. Driver Software
This software is often considered to be a type of system software. Driver
software operates and controls devices that are plugged into a computer. These
drivers make it possible for devices to perform their necessary functions. A very
good (and practical) example of this is your printer. When you are first setting up
your printer to work with your computer, you have to install software to connect
the two so that they communicate and print anything you need.
THANK YOU!