PRINCIPLES

AND METHOD OF TEACHING

ACCOUNTANT

ACCT – 059 PRELIM

Prepared by: Ms. Hannah E. Salazar, LPT
 ELEMENTS OF INSTRUCTION
- PHILIPPINE PROFESSIONAL STANDARDS FOR TEACHER (PPST)
- TEACHER’S ESSENTIAL SKILLS

 BASIC TERMS
 CATEGORIES OF INSTRUCTIONAL
STRATEGIES
 ELEMENTS OF INSTRUCTION
• Learner
 The learner’s nature greatly influences the process and outcome of instruction. The learners may
be characterized by their interests, aptitude, background, and intelligence, among other aspects.

• Curriculum
 Curriculum may be viewed from narrow and broad perspectives. Specifically, the curriculum is
considered as a “written plan” of learning experience; broadly, it may be the sum total of “all
learning experiences” under the supervision of a school – including the academic, co-curricular,
and extra-curricular activities.
 ELEMENTS OF INSTRUCTION
• Teacher
 As an essential element of instruction, the teacher influences the learners and the instructional
process. The qualities that teachers should possess are indicated in the Philippine Professional
Standards for Teachers (PPST) are categorized under the following domains
 Domain 1: Content and Pedagogical Knowledge
 Domain 2: Learning Environment
 Domain 3: Diversity of Learners
 Domain 4: Curriculum and Planning
 Domain 5: Assessing and Reporting
 Domain 6: Community Linkages
 Domain 7: Personal Growth and Professional Development
 Content knowledge Research based
Mastery of the subject and its application knowledge and
Positive use ICT
matter with in and across principle of teaching
DOMAIN 1: CONTENT AND PEDAGOGICAL KNOWLEDGE
curriculum areas and learning

Strategies for
Strategies of Mother tongue, Classroom
developing critical
promoting literacy Filipino and English Communication
and creative thinking
and numeracy teaching and learning Strategies
skills

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DOMAIN 2: LEARNING ENVIRONMENT

Management of
Learning Safety and Fair learning
Classroom structure
Security Environment
and activities

Support for Learner Promotion of purposive Management of

participation learning learning behavior

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DOMAIN 3: DIVERSITY OF LEARNERS
• Learner's gender, needs, strengths, interests, and
experiences
• Learners linguistic, cultural, socioeconomic, and
religious backgrounds
• Learners with disabilities, giftedness and talents
• Learners in difficult circumstances
• Learners from indigenous groups
DOMAIN 4: CURRICULUM AND PLANNING

planning and learning relevance and professional teaching and

management of outcomes aligned responsiveness collaboration to learning
the teaching and with learning of learning enrich teaching resources
learning process competencies programs practice including ict
 Design, Selection, organization and utilization of assessment
strategies

Monitoring and evaluation of learner progress and

achievement

DOMAIN 5:
ASSESSING AND Feedback to improve learning
REPORTING
Communication of learner needs, progress and achievement
to key stakeholders

Use of assessment data to enhance teaching and learning

practices and programs
DOMAIN 6: COMMUNITY LINKAGES

• Establish learning environments that are

community context
• Engagement of parents and the wider school
community in the education process
• Professional Ethics
• School policies and procedures
 philosophy of dignity of professional
DOMAIN 7: teaching teaching as a links with
PERSONAL profession colleagues

GROWTH AND
PROFESSIONAL
DEVELOPMENT
professional professional
reflection and development
learning to goals
improve
practice
TEACHER'S
ESSENTIAL
SKILLS
TEACHER'S ESSENTIAL SKILLS
1. Planning

2. Setting
9. Assessing skills
objectives

8. Facilitating 3. Presentation
skills skills

4. Questioning
7. Managing skills
skills

6. Communication 5. Explaining
skill: skills
BASIC TERMS
BASIC TERMS
• Principle –a basic generalization that is accepted as true and be used as
a basis for & reasoning or conduct.
• Approach- set of correlative assumptions dealing with the process of
teaching or the nature of learning; this is based on a theory and is
axiomatic.
• Strategy - the art of devising and employing means to achieve an
educational goal.

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BASIC TERMS
• Method - series of related and progressive acts performed by the
teacher and students to attain the specific objectives of the lesson; this
is a procedural- Step-by-step procedure; sequential process.
• Technique -personalized teacher's style of carrying out a particular step
of a given method; may also pertain to a specific activity; this is
implementational.

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CATEGORIES OF INSTRUCTIONAL
STRATEGIES
CATEGORIES OF INSTRUCTIONAL
STRATEGIES
Organizing Instructing Assessing Learning

Organizing Instructing Strategies Assessing Strategies learning quality or

Strategies relate to pertain to conducting relate to evaluating the levels of
planning for instruction or the outcome of achievement.
instruction (i.e. implementing the instruction and the Assessment may be
lesson design, plan-art questioning ways to determine SUMMATIVE &
syllabus, course in oral teaching FORMATIVE.
guide, etc.)

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 THANK YOU!
HAVE A NICE DAY 