i c a l R e s e a r c h 1

Pr a c t
1 - M o d u l e 1 :
Qu a r t e r
o f I n q u i r y a nd
N a t u r e
R es e a r c h
 Introduction
Nowadays society has many forms of problems that
require solutions. These solutions must be based on facts,
valid investigations, experiences and not just on mere
beliefs and suggestions. Indeed, to attain such knowledge
and accuracy, a systematic procedure and well-planned
research are required.
Research is a process of inquiring about the solution to
Tip to the problem, collecting data, and logically evaluating
Prese
nter: information. To develop good research, one must
Set a
time investigate reliable
limit
for information.
yours
elf by
using
 Research has come up with
t i s ? developing appropriate solutions
h a H
W AR C to improve the individual’s quality Research is a verified
SE of life. approach of thinking
R E and employing
legalized instruments
Research is an
organized
IMPORTANCE OF and
steps to obtain a
investigation
and study of
RESEARCH IN more adequate
solution to a problem
that is otherwise
materials and
sources to
DAILY LIFE impossible to
address
create under ordinary
facts and means (Crawford, as
reach new cited by Alcantara &
Espina, 1995).
inferences.
 In most cases, research helps society to
answer the WHAT and HOW questions. It
must be a proper investigation and should
reach a valid conclusion that would facilitate
the
finding of answers to the questions.

Status: Next Plan Ongoing Achieved

Research can be categorized into two:

Basic Research This is the type of research that is a purely

direct application but increasing the
nature of understanding about the
problem. It develops the scientific theories
to be more understandable to the readers

Back to Agenda
 Basic Research
Basic research, or This type of Basic research
fundamental research examines looks at how
research, is a type data to find the processes or
of investigation unknown and
concepts work.
fulfill a sense of
focused on Information
curiosity. Usually,
improving the these involve obtained from basic
understanding of a "how," "what" and research often
particular "why" questions to creates a
phenomenon, study explain foundation for
or law of nature. occurrences. applied studies.
 Examples of basic research

A study looking at how A study examining

alcohol consumption whether a vegetarian diet
impacts the brain. is healthier than one with
meat
A study searching for the
causative factors of
cancer

A study seeing what

areas of the United States
have the most rain
 It is a type of research that needs an
Applied Research answer to a specific question. It provides
solutions and validation in order to apply
Applied research is to the real setting
a type of This research type Applied research
examination looking uses empirical focuses on
to find practical methodologies, such answering one
solutions for as experiments, to specific question for
existing problems. collect further data a client or sponsor.
These can include in an area of study. It's a type of
challenges in the research method for
workplace, applying natural
education and sciences to real life
society. to improve the
human condition.
 There are three types of applied
research:
Action research: Evaluation research: Research and
development:
Action research In evaluation Research and
helps research, development
businesses find researchers focus on creating
practical analyze existing new products or
solutions to information to services to meet
problems by help clients make a target market's
guiding them. an informed needs.
decision.
 CHARACTERISTICS, PROCESSES, AND ETHICS IN RESEARCH

Prieto, et.al. (2017) stated that the following are the major
characteristics of research:
1. EMPIRICAL - is based on observations and experiments of theories.

2. SYSTEMATIC - follows orderly and sequential procedures, based on

valid procedures and principles.
3. CONTROLLED - In research, all variables, except those that are tested/
experimented on, are kept constant.

4. EMPLOYS HYPOTHESIS - refers to a search for facts, answers to

questions and solutions to problems.
5. ANALYTICAL - shows analytical procedures in gathering the data,
whether historical, descriptive, and or case study.

6. OBJECTIVE - it is unbiased and logical. All findings are logically based

on real-life situations.

7. ORIGINAL WORK - it requires its own examination and produces the

data needed to complete the study
 Prieto, et.al. (2017) also added that the following are involved in the
ResearchProcesses:

1. DEFINE RESEARCH PROBLEM: What is the problem?

2. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE: What evidence is already

presented?

3. FORMULATING HYPOTHESIS: How are we going to find/look for the

answer to questions being studied?
 4. RESEARCH DESIGN: Where will the study be shown and with what
population?

5. COLLECTING DATA: Are we ready to gather the data? Where do we find

the data?

6. ANALYZING DATA: How do the data answer the research queries?

7. INTERPRET AND REPORT: What are the implications of the results?

 QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH AND
QUALITATIVE

QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH - is a
positivist scientific method which refers to
a general set of orderly discipline
procedures to acquire information (Beck,
2004).
Mostly, it is concerned with numbers and
measurement.
 Quantitative research is expressed in
numbers and graphs. It is used to test or
confirm theories and assumptions. This type
of research can be used to establish
generalizable facts about a topic.
Common quantitative methods include
experiments, observations recorded as
numbers, and surveys with closed-ended
questions.
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH - is defined
as the “naturalistic method of research
which deals with the concern of human
difficulty by discovering it straightly.”
(Beck, 2004)
It is concerned with the experiences,
understanding and words of the
individual.
 Qualitative research is expressed in words. It
is used to understand concepts, thoughts or
experiences. This type of research enables you
to gather in-depth insights on topics that are
not well understood.
Common qualitative methods include
interviews with open-ended questions,
observations described in words, and literature
reviews that explore concepts and theories.
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