ORAL

COMMUNICATION
BY: MS. ERICA P. PASCUAL

1 3
D U LE
M O
TYPES OF COMMUNICATIVE
STRATEGY
Communicative Strategy - a plan or course of action to convey
information effectively. It serves as a blueprint for
expressing to others the information related to a specific
issue, event, situation, or audience.
 • NOMINATION
• Speaker carries out a nomination to
collaboratively and productively establish a
topic.
• The speaker begins the conversation by means
of opening a topic.
EXAMPLE:

Out of nowhere, you ask someone,

“It was full moon last night. Have
you seen it?”
 2. RESTRICTION
• Refers to any limitation you may have as
a speaker. The response is just only under
a certain category.
 When you were asked to form groups
EXAMPLE:

and brainstorm, only the topic needed

should be discussed among your
group mates.
 3. TURN-TAKING
• Giving all communicators a chance
to speak through the process of
giving and taking the conversational
floor.
 The listener has idea on the topic
EXAMPLE:

being talked about so he raised his

hand to signal the speaker to speak
and express his ideas.
 NOTES TO
REMEMBER
• Be polite in taking the floor from the
speaker.
• Acknowledge what others say (a nod, a
look, or a step back)
• Open cues (“What do you think?” or “You
wanted to say something?”
 4. TOPIC CONTROL
• Allows the speaker to control and
prevent unnecessary interruptions
and topic shifts in a certain
conversation.
EXAMPLE:

Casual conversation with friends

over lunch or coffee where you may
take the conversational floor
anytime.
 NOTES TO
REMEMBER

• You can make yourself actively involved

in the conversation without overly
dominating it by using minimal
responses like “Yes” or “Go on”.
5. TOPIC SHIFTING
• Moving from one topic to
another, where one part of a
conversation ends and another
begins.
 Talking about sports at the beginning
EXAMPLE:

of the conversation and the idea of

health popped up and the
communicators decided to shift their
topic to health.
 NOTES TO
REMEMBER

• You may use effective

conversational transitions (“By the
way,” “In addition to what you
said,” “Which reminds me of)
 6. REPAIR
• how speakers address the problems in
speaking, listening, and
comprehending that they may
encounter in a conversation.
 If everybody in the conversation seems
EXAMPLE:

to talk at the same time, give way and

appreciate other’s initiative to set the
conversation back to its topic.
 7. TERMINATION
• Close-initiating expressions to end a topic in a
conversation.

POSSIBLE SIGNALS TO END THE TOPIC:

• Sharing what you learned from the
conversation.
• Soliciting agreement from the other participants
in the conversation Non-verbal cues
COMMUNICATIVE STRATEGIES EXAMPLE
NOMINATION You told your friend that you like Adobo.

RESTRICTION You asked your friend if she also likes Adobo.

TURN TAKING Your friend answered your question and asked you
also about Adobo.

TOPIC CONTROL You answered within the question only; you did not
add details which do not concern about Adobo.

TOPIC SHIFTING Your friend suddenly said that Sinigang is better in

cold days than Adobo.

REPAIR You were confused about what he said and asked

him to repeat what he said.

TERMINATION He repeated it and say “by the way, I have to go.”

• NOMINATION S
T
• RESTRICTION R
• TURN-TAKING A
T
• TOPIC CONTROL E
• TOPIC SHIFTING G
• REPAIR I
E
• TERMINATION S
THANK YOU