Professional Documents
Culture Documents
issue No (1413)
20 ..........................................................
U 24
..
www.alroya.om
jdG FQ dG jG
FdG M
info@alroya.info
faCG FQ j dG dL
GkjL FQ
k jQSdG dG ``FGOCGh
dN Y a dL YGC ,O```d
ed J OUh fJ
`` ` aCG dG IOb ``` a``` d``H
dGh QGSG `d ``j````dG
H ``bG``` ` dG bh ,Q`` ` ` ` gORGh
.AdGh QdG jdG
fdG - e
dG dG MU IM H
G M ` G S H `` ` SHb
FdG ea EG J bH ` YQh
jQL FQ Z ``` TCG Q```c``dG
HfG S eSEG faCG
cW eH FGdG dG cdG aG
jRh S BG Q``W H g qdG tdG
HcCG 3 EG 2 e IdG adGh GdG
H M IOS aG M M. G
dG c dG ``eCG ejdG
dN IOSh dGh ad dG SHb
G dG S G Tg ``H
HdG fG e M c .HdG id
dG c Yh cW eL FQ Ff
dG Sc IPSCGh eH ffEG
eH ShCG dG SGQd SHb
. aGG adGh jYG e dh
fdG - e
dG cdG cW eH eCG aG
IG GOeh W j dGh FGdG
fHdG fdG bdGh Y S
da QWEG aG Gg JCjh .IQG
``S``H``b ``````dG ```SG```d ```d```dG Ih``` dG
``````dG ``c``e ``````j `` ` dGh ``` ` ` ` dG
e hdH dGh ad dG SHb
OQG`` e IQGOEG: Q````T `` ```c``W ```e``L
MU Q`````H eGe d ``` G
eL h```` dG dG WG
dG Gd ddG YLG eCG Y
H T dG tdG MU SFH
dG dL Qe S BG QW
GGh GG Y ,dG FQ
He EG aVEH hd MG
``` ` ` dG GQG`` ` ` ` bh ``` ` U``J ``` ` ` J
LG J c .HdG JYLG
k
jd MG GQG Y kFe VY
``jQ``````SG ``c````dG ```b ``e ```e``G
,``` ` ` dG ``` ` ` dG O`` ` ` Y ``` ` ` ` ` ` G
Y hd dG dG e GkjJh
dG Gg AfEH G edG hG
fdG - eG e
FQ G MCG H aCG dG H
A```SDhQ ``e ````LG fdG ``G H
dG eCG Ae G H AYCGh
gJ S dG YCG ,eG
H ```M ``e`` ``eO```dG I``` dG ``N
O``` TCGh .``a``Y ```Lh ```e G`` G G
A```SDhQ O````H fdG ``G H ````FQ
e jG ``H EG YGO ..dG AYCGh
GdGh JdGh hdGh AdGh G
L e .MdG V dhDH
```f````dG `` G ``` ` H ``` J ``` S i`` ` NCG
G `` G ``` M ``` ` UCG H
G jdG hDdGh bhCG IQGRh id
S H SHb dG dG MU IM
o M - G
Y a p h``H e -``YQh G
Je jJ ``d```dG ``KCG ``d ``c dG
``dPh ..````Wh A```Hh J eSEG Jh
AH Y cj ``ShQ``eh SDe f
m p``N ``e
p ` ` Vhh ``jQ``` dGh ``````d``H ``W``dG ``` H GQ`` b
bM ICG``` ` d ````J ``` dG ```j````n `dGh ````dG
JGH AJQG Y IQOb h JLGh Jh
.JGNh
21
e fcfG H ```eCG fG
dGh ,dG fdG ICGG aU QGM da
fdG dG L J
`````dG ```M```U ``j``YQ `` ```````dG hD` ` T
jh S BG a H e IQcdG IdG
.ej
ICG``G QhO q EG jDhdG`d tdG MU dbh
bh ,Oe H ej YEGh adG
j b GP UCGh OG ddG e LN
,eYEGh dG dG GdCG T jh
.G dhDe XJ dHh
``e GQG`` ` ` G `` `g ``` ` gCG ``` ` J :`` a`` ` `VCGh
UdG Jh ,fdG dG QhO RG`` HEG
Jh eYEG iDh``dG Wh ,QaCG b
G``g QG``` ` ` SGh ``````d O`` G ```````dG
.G
RLG Y dG GQG``G g YJh
RjhQ - G GQ
ZJ fCG dG IOdG ``cCG
LdG H jeCG IQGOEG e LGe CG
Oj QG``b he Vd ``eCG EG
GQfG hO Sh faC FQ dG Y J
cdG - Hc
dG jDhdG
jdG adG jRh Qe j dG G jRh fjH e dG hdG Vj adG hDT Y hDG jRdG
fdG - e
S hCG jdG e SG
````G `` ` jRh ``` ` ` dG ``` `` H
``j``` dG ``` eG ````` ``` ` ` ` dG
UG QG je S dG
hD```d ``` j``dG ``a``dG ``jR``d
dG IQjdG QWEG ShCG dG
``a``dGh d k` ` d``M ```H ``` j
.d aGG
``` e `` `MQ ``` H``` G `` jG`` H
fdG - e
O````S `` H Q`` `H ``` ` ` dG ``` e ``````SG
Y hD` ` ` G ``jR``dG SdG Q`` M ``H
dG ```H ``a``dG hD` ` T
QG je S dG jdG eCG
hD```d ``` j``dG ``a``dG ``jR``d ``U``G
e H eJ ``j```dGh ``` ShCG ````dG
jDhdG - e
q S ``H dG ```e ```WCG
Y YLG dG ``jRh dG
``e````eh ````dG ```S ``` dBG ```Y ```c
O``Y ```e```j ```dG ``e``Gh ``eG``dG
,IQGRd HdG YLG SDG e
``b ``` dG ``j``` ` ` dG IQ`` j`` dG `` `dPh
aH ``` KEG ``` eCG dG ```e H
I``FGO e d IQGR``dG hDe e O``Y
c ,jdG dH G dG
Hh ,dG Lh OJ HG N
. G gG QeCG e OY
e QW cdG dG HG M
`` `cQCG ````FQ ``Y````e ``YhQ``G ``` S ``H
cdG dGh ,cG jQdGh jQd
```SG``G ````FQ `````dG Q`` M ``H O```
``cQCG SFH edG ``b```dGh jdG
dG Gh ,G dG G``b
. IG G IQH
fdG - e
Q``M ``H ```MCG ``c``dG ``j```dG SG
G dG Gb cQCG FQ dG
G dG Gd HdG dG OH
QG je S dG jdG eCG
hD```d ``` j``dG ``a``dG ``jR``d ``U``G
e H eJ ``j```dGh ``` ShCG ````dG
.fjdG adG IQGRh
Gb cQCG FQ cdG jdG MQ bh
QNCG
jDhdG - e
ddG YLG ```Y ```e``L h```` dG dG ```Y
S BG QW H T dG dG MU SFH dG Gd
QHh S dG FQ dG dL Qe
M .Y eL h dG dG AYCG G UCG
h```` ``b``` dG GP ````VG``G ``e O`` Y EG ``` ` LG ``` J
MG G``` ` Gh G``````G ```Y `` WG J ```e``G
dG GQGbh UJ J He EG aVEH hd
.HdG JYLG
jd MG GQG Y Fe VY LG J c
dG OY G jQSG cdG b e eG
UN G hdG feEG EG dG c
HdG e IOSG ch MdG jQG
MdG SG Y dG `` UdG
MdG ``c``G Jh dG ``W```G H
J ``````ZQ ``` f``G i`` `HCG `` bh .``j``` ` dG ``H
gCG Y G`` cCGh MdG ``f``G h````dG GQO``` e
Uh MdG jOG hdG UGe jQGSG
. CG SSc IOS e c AdG M .IOG jd
dG id G Ub jQL S SOHH
YdGh IQdGh bdG IQGRH IQG fdJ Lh
OY dc AdG Mh ,``U``b jQH MdGh
SG c . dH MdG IQGRh e dhDG e
jDhdG - e
MdG jRh RG Uf H MCG e SG
QL e ,MdG IQGRh Y GjH KEG eCG j
``Y`````dGh IQ``` ` dGh ``b```dG `` jRh ````j``J``c ``S```L
``dGh ``d ``aG``G ``a``dGh ``U``b jQH ``M`````dGh
AdG ``N h .d SQ IQ``j``H ```d``M ```j
MdG ```b ``Y `````dG ``jR``dG ``` I```f ```J
``e``Gh dG OG``YCG dG ```eh dG
```````dG `````G ``` G ``H h``` ` dGh ```M`````dG
``jDh``dG `` ah ``` ` ` ` dGh ``M`````dG ``` ` d``H ``V`````d
,Md fdG JGSEd OG``YE` d G
fdG - eG e
fdG - e
`` ` YEG `` ` jRh Q`` ` `e ``` Y ``` ` ` S ``` e `` `b
Q```R ``e```M ```V``j``dGh ``M`````dGh ``a````dGh
. cCG SHb dG e IQjH eCG U
eL A```H ``jQ``J ``Y R``` jEG EG ```d``N SG
dG edG Y Jh cCG SHb dG
edG LP J dGh eG H H
ja Qe SCH eSEGh fdG jQG
eG j dG cGG Y de J c.
eSEG dG e e ```jOD`J dG QGhOCGh
.aGG e gZh GVG Ybh Gh
jDhdG - e
dG cG dG a Y
````d ``d``` dG `` ` ` ` LG `` ` KEG ``` eCG ``` ` U
H Y QcdG e SFH (2014) G
aG FQ Ff Se H
.dG
``LQ``G ``Y```V``G G VSG ``bh
tdG MU e e ``ah eG FQ
IYe S BG a H e IQcdG IdG
Q```c``dGh ,``LQ``G h`````d ```e``G ````FQ
c Y Ye TdG O H gT
dG SGQd SdG dGh ObG
OM ``H G Y Q```c``dGh ,dG dGh
,eG G ``Y je Ff ``KQ``G
ce je jdG e H Uf QcdGh
```Uh ,``e``` ` G ```f
dG Va H jdG
``j``e `` ` ` YC` ` H `` F`` ` `dG
,``LQ``G h````dG e
GhdG S H Ufh
eG f b FQ
`` ` e`` G ``` ` ` ` ` ` ``H
H IQjdG g JCJh
`````dG h``` ` dG `````J
`` ` ` `` `` ` ` ` ` ` dGh
dG HCG Y
``` ` ` dGh ,`` jO`` ` ` ` bG
. eG fh
FQ IOS Sh
jDhdG - e
O````S `` H ``` Y Q`` ` `c`` dG IO``` ` S Q``` ` j
Y SHb dG eL FQ dG
IQcdG IdG dG MU j ah SCGQ
hd FdG IYe S BG a H e
dG ```V``a ``H ``j``dG ``` Uh ``LQ``G
LQG hdG e je YCH FdG
SHb dG SGd ddG IhdG YCG
SHb dG ``c``e j ```dG dG
eL ``e h````d``H ````dGh ad ``` dG
d ``` G OQG`` e IQGOEG Q````T `` ,```c``W
HdH cW eH J dG eGe
. 2014 HcCG 3 EG 2 e IdG N
Y Q```c``dG IOS S ``NBG fL ``e
``` YCG A``` ` fG ```H ``` e``G ````FQ `````dG
dG SHb dG SGd ddG IhdG
dG SDGh eG H IQjH
hdG eG Qhd k J dPh HdG
Hh ,dG dG SDG e G
dG `` SDG ``g ``e dG
dG Y QcdG IOS aGjh .G
fdG - dU
e cGQ 900 e Yh fHdG dG S eCG dU Ae QGR
.dG T H Gh dG f YGh IJSCGh dG
TG SG M QX a Md edG jjG ebCG bh
MS Gfh c jRJh fdG jdG dG e OY J Y
dhDG e OY QH jdG Gh G H VY fL EG
HdH egcj Ae e MQ CGH b dG S fch . jjH
b dG M fGG e jdG dN QGR VG dj T e SdG
J CG QG e M bCG Ae e eOb dU Ae EG dG dUh
egcj A J dG dL efH V fH edc Ae EG
QWEG (dG) fHdG MdG dG IQjR JCJh . OdG HcCG 21
. d MdG jhdG MdG IQGRh b e dhG OG
ObG
He
SdG eM dG
edG S G
SGhdG eY.O
gG MCG
dG M .O
G dN
jdG S H G
bdG Le
cGT g J CG j c ,d
Gh ``U``G ``` ` dGh ``e```G ``H
J CG ``e```G Y j M ``G
``j``````dG `` ` ` SCGh ```````dG Q`` ` `WEG
j CG j UG dGh ,dGh
Y aK EG Y aK jh G
,YLG dhDG Y e eGe
Gh `` G G `````SD`e `` eCq G
j e Ak Yh aJ CG Y a
eGdGh G ``g e IOSH
cq CGh .G eH J Vd
dhDG je jdG S H G
qCG ```f```o `dG ````dG ``c````H ```Y````LG
JGSG jT fH J cdG
`` dGh ```Y````LG ```dhD```G ``D` e
EG Ge ,Y S Ie hC j
e dG e jdG j DG qCG
OY VYh gJ ch GQO```G ``YO
g `` gCGh ``q `dh``dGh q G Q````dG ``e
cT AGS G G H UGdG
`````SD`e hCG ``` e``` M ``` L hCG ``` U``N
I``g qEG ``F``b ,``` ` gCG `````Lh ```Y```J
.G`` Gh AGQBGh Q``` aCG O````d Ua
dG GQOGh YhG QNG dBG Mh
qEG jdG G b ,cdG H J
dG G J H bk a g
cT H J ``eh ,dG ``g ``j``dhCGh
jdhCG Y cdG g fdG dG
AGQBG ah gj j dG ``gh
d edG dG H QOH dG DH
GWCG CG IGOCc H G
eRdG ``Mh``WCG d Ud G
.YLG dG Jh Yd
FdG `` SGh`` dG ``e``Y Q``` c``dG `` bh
dG Ldd J cd dG
jEG j CG j DG qEG RdGh
,q YLG dhDG QWEG dG Yb
``c``` ` ` d `` eG`` ` ` ` G `` ` ` ` `HQCG `` ` ` jh
``U``G ``` ` dG ``` e``` dG ``` ` ` SD` Gh
``LQ EG J ``e```Y ``Y````dG ``g qC
SDG d dGh FdGh YCG
YLG dhDH WJQG S
GAG`` ` LEG ``e ``` e A`` `Lh ``` S``` SCG `` `LGh
dc gCG dH ``cQh jd ```YCG
S ``d``Hh ,``j``````dG `````N ``e
j e cCG fh cCG GFY g
qCG `` e dh ,YLG dhDH
Y jh BG EG J YdG g
Y cdG OSG dG cdG ``g
Y NGO FGH AL dGh fG Gg
FGY Y aVEHh ,dG aK ie
J qfCH HdG eGSG ie
j c ,i``NCG cd QdG g
a j ``cCG ```YhCG N eG Y
SDG g LH ej e
e j eGH Vhh YdG g jEGh
dhDG e IOSG dN
Geh e ``g ``e ```d YLG
h ```Y````LG dH J ````dG
e `` ZQ ```Y````LG ```J```dhD``` ``` J
OL ``e ``c````dG ``g dZ ``H ```J
jQe gCG eh IY M
SGh IdG cdG QSG
c ``g``Zh dGh jG dGh
``c````dG CG EG G````e ,``Yh``` ` G ``e
jd dH dG G edG
ebE jdG j jS
G dG eNh jdG YhG
ic cT Jh ,H J dG WG
RdGh GchCGh Y f J e
h SQGG AH gZ ch G
fH jQOdG d cG ebEGh dG
,UG LMG GP d GYG
e AGS GYGh YhG e ch
dZ EG bh ,j e hCG Y dG j
ReG We G S Y dG
```fE``H ``c````dG ```J ````dG ``c````d
``e``b ``c``` ` dG `` g CG ``` ` jh ,``` ` ` Y
N WGe BG 9 Y jj e jQH
,dG ``LCG ``e VG dG GdG
.iNCG jQdG eGdG EG aVEG
J CG QhdG e fEG bdG bh
dhDG Ve ``gQh``H G``WCG c
Y QGhOCG c J H YLG
G LMG ae M e cdG
k Gh H ebEG G YhG SGQOh
jC
``b```dG `` `MQh ,``Yh``` ` G `` g `````J
dH jL LJ
`
S
`
`
`
d
G
`
`
e
``M `````dG ````ch
cT C` H ```dG ``e HGSG (`` `HhCG)
ObG
hG jd jQ N OGYEG IQhH Lj
u SQdG
jDhdG e
IQcdG IdG dG
t MU aG
FQ I``Y``` ` e `````S BG ``` a ``` H ``` e
LQG hd SHb dG eL
FdG SQdG S H QW QHh
IQGOEG Y adG hd dG
IdG `````SD`G d ``e```dG dG
e IG SDG i``MEG ,SGh
hCG ``a``dG h`````d ````j````dG ``e``G
dG zUGdG ce{ SDe gh ,eCG
VGeC GQSG J G
k j
jdeh dG EG YCG OGhQ e Gah
q IgdH zadG{ a ``fb d `e ``fGOEG
Y S c cQG ad jObGh
YCG UCG e jQdG bdG jJ
IQOG g JCJ M ,jdeh dG
YO Y I``g```d``H ``a```dG ``a ``U``M Q`` WEG
Y ````dGh ````S```Gh I`````dG `````SD`G
Y S Qh`` H `` dG gG A``` JQG
GQOe V dPh WdG ObG jJ
.zJd cQT{ GY dG adG
adG ``a ````FQ `````dG ```Y ````NGh
k `F``b I``g```dG a
QdG ``a``dG qEG
JGa J dG fY eCG S
HjEG IQU J jObGh jhdG
.cQG dG Y X dG Y
dG Uf - Y
Y ``Y``` ` Uh IQ`` ``a``Z `` a ``````j
EG Q`` ``ah d I``g``` dG ```a```
,G `` H`` ` `cCG ``` ` ` ` e ``j``` d``eh ``` ` dG
MdGh jObG QdG e IOSd
.jdGh dG eGh
YCG OGhQ e 23 QdG adG jh
jh ``e ````S```Gh I`````dG `````SD```H
QWEG ,Vh jh Y dG aG
SDG ````UCG ```b ``e T IQO``` e
UG HM ```Yh ````S```Gh I`````dG
.IgdH adG a GTEG h
bdG Lh T a dG aJ da J zMdG{
jH jH IG fdG dG d
dG `` `jCG ``d``K ```F````G I``` dG
. G jH G VY G
e jdG J MdG IQGRh CG cj
QG VCG d MG ddG
dG ```a``h ``jh ``e O``Y
G cQeh MdG jhdG H
e ````j``dGh ````W``dG ````S```G ````G
. YG ddG J N
G ``SCGQ HH QU Gh Ff e
. FG IdH
11 S dN H OGh ``jh h
d Ye ``Vh``Y G ``H```cCG ``e
Jh jdH IG fdG dG
MdG IdH VjdG HG
MdG e IH FG ``dG be
G ```V``Y da ``e``bEG EG ``a```VEG
Ye VhYh Le ebEGh dGh
fdG AGHEG
IQGOEG MdG IQGRh J
Lh ``` ` T ``` ` a``` ``M``` ` ` dG
VCG Y da ``WE bdG
N aG jh e OY QG
zY ``c```Y{ Q````T `` ````dG I``a
fLe ``H ``` d``` ` dG ``` ` J ``` M
fo dG dG Jh jdG dG
jDhdG ihf - FS
Fb ```MCG S Gk `ND`e FS ``j``H FGHG G Q```UCG
G eG EG Yh G jM fb d e fGOEH
e ihT I``Y J b NGdH G jM IQGOEG fch .Y
jH edG jCG L Je MCG e JG fCG gOe e
d G``e``b ```fCGh ``jQG```H R```e ``e``Y GS FS
G ``e GkA``L G```aOh dG GAG`` LEG A```fE HG GG L
JG jQJ e YSCG N edG J j CG Y Y G
aO `` ,``F``H``dG W ``NCGh ```JG M ``Y``H `
p `j G d
NGdH G jM IQGOE G V ihT J EG G
AYSG h HG GAG``LEG PJH ihdG b G ``bh
e cG Hh .G e bJH GaYGh dGbCG NC G
b e G ``fGOEG ``h UNG L EG j jdG
bQ IOG d fY jQ 2011 Qbh e Jh G G
(2002/81) bQ dG SH QOdG G jM fb e 3
IGhGh QNG jM YGH e hCG Ohe c j ) CG Y f dGh
.(G e eJ bGGh feCGh dOdG eGh
SG Ihf NGdH G jM IQGOEG cQT ,NBG S h
H jH YLG dG IFGO f dG ch SCd G
AG dCG (ISCG fG dG IQGOEG) GH IV N e
IQGOEG HGV EG a bJh IQGOEH hT MH SQdG M H
gCGh d ````JG```SG ``````dGh I``` SCG ```fG``` dG
fGG V c EG Q```TCG c ,G``eCG Q``g Y OHGh adG
JGdG cGJ H IVG N FdG H EG gfh jdG
OUG G e ``cCG jhdG VhdG e AGdGh jdG
.FG bH SGH adGh
dG Y dG J MCG bj jdG d Y De
jDhdG - e
VQd ``````dG ``c````dG ````J
d ``` Y `` D` `e G`` ` D` ` `Gh
dG IQGRh e YH 2014 jdG
jO e TdGh SdG RdGh
, dG b H G
bjh ``e``` d `` D` `G ``` ` ` ` jh
H ``` ` J``G Q`` ` ` `eCG ``` ` L
M e dH jdG eGdGh
MGdGh AdGh dGh G
fdGh ``` ` ` ` ` dGh ``` ` S``` ` dG
cdG `` e ,``e``` ` dGh `` W`` ` Gh
LGJ ```dG dG ``j````dG ```Y
aCG ``j``h ```G ``g ``e ``c
c e ``Y``d ``eG``dGh dG
G Y dG dch ``
```dG LddGh SdG
.e IOSGh Y OYG
jdG d Y De jh
cJ dG dG GDG MCG 2014
RdGh dG YU Y UN H
AdG ``` ` ` Jh ``` Y ``j``` ` dG
IG Gh dG ``MCG Y
``j``` H R``` ` eG O``` Y ``` e `` N .dG fEGh dG YU IFGdG
IQGRh YO fL EGh .jdGh SG jdG d ``` Y ``D` e ```b```jh
GAfEG cT J Dd RdGh dG jQdGh ``` ` ` JG``` SEG ``j``` ` ` dG 2014
FQ m Gc DG jYH WdG dhdG
.TG YGdG QhH J cT J H J ``` dG ``` ` ` ` ` ` dGh ``` L``d``` ` ` dGh
RdGh dG YU jJh jJ e
dG cdG je ,jf fe bh
e { ...``T G``D`Gh VQd YCG O``L``G dG QOH G
GSEG H RdGh dG IQGRh e d eG UM dch ,Y S G
S dG RdGh dG b e ````LCG Q``````SG ``L ```Y fdG
ObG
QNCG
J dG da CG HJh .e jH
d ``jh``dG J dG ddG ``e Yf
Y ```YCG ``FGQ YJ cQG EG c ,dG
MH ,jQG IOG db a .dH dG
IdG SDG d edG dH jJ
````jh``dG ````G J EG ````S```Gh
e JCj g 2014 d YCG OGhQ
.Qd OG FdG jJ dGh ,dG g AH
e j ,jJ bk S J dG g CG aVCGh
jh ,G ````dG ``L````M``H Oh``` dG ``d``N
j e ,a dG ``jCG b O``L``H dG G``g
FGT L Y j kjS kYLG KM e
AG````d `````dGh ``M```d``H `````j m ``` e `````G
ddG g CG jQG VhCGh .dG ee
JCGH dG jhdG G S V JCJ
.dG a ie Y dG
i``d hCG ``j``e ```KQ``G ````M A``` Wh ``d``bh
YH dG S S j :dG S S
eGSG REG ```eG``dG eG O```G
YO Y OdG G``g ``c``G jh ,jObG
`` J ```dG ````S```Gh I`````dG ``c````dG
SCG N d eY 282 V
jDhdG - e
edG idG IQGRH G dG J ja cM TDe VhCG
N V dG dG fb MC dG edG idG OY CG
eY 237 e d eY 282 H 2014/9/27 EG 9/21 e IdG
.M eh e eY 12 h YGQR eY 33 h jQ
a ``j``W ``Y V ``e CG ```d```G H ``N ``e ````JGh
Me eY (135 ) h HQg Y (109) e eY (250) dG
.iNCG L e dMEG Y (6)h
(153 ) H IdG g N TDe YCG e a Sh
idG IQGR``H G G ```Jh.(28) OH NGdG a J
.fCH ffdG GAGLEG PJH edG
````SCG G``g ``N edG i```dG IQGRh ```TD`e S ``NBG ``f``L ``e
MC d f OdG QN EG d eY (156) OY MJ
.d IG jQGRdG GQGdGh dG fb
k ,```d``eBGh
.i``NCG Xh Ua QfG ``Y VY
c fdG aY b SG zdG{ CG HJh
j BGh ,dG G``` SCG dG ``bh ``bG
Gg dG ``e cGJ jM jH J
g A````fEG ```eCG ``Y k`H```e ,Q````dG ``c``G
VY fdG YCG OGhd d Se iNCG
.J jdGh FH
FdG dG S H N VhCG ,fL eh
d ``e```dG d ``````dG ````F``dG ```YC`H
Y dG iL fCG SGh IdG SDG
SDG UC jJ ae O```jEG dh
cQG H ddG Ya ,SGh IdG
,``d``` Uh ``bQ``` ` dGh ``H``H ``VQ``` G `` e O`` Y
da TJ bG e fq EG bh .ehY dah
AGT Y bEd G kYGO ,fY YGHEG
,dG dG Jh Yd ,fdG G
dG q CG ```VhCGh .aGgCH A```JQGh QGSGh
G ``j```J EG ```d````dG `` g ``e ``` J
jhd ``` G ``M``JEGh ,````dG `````dG GQ``` H
.WdG d
AGOCG ie ``aQ EG ```J ddG CG ``H``Jh
jDhdG - e
GZ.. hdG e Q QGW j `VG `fj `j`H `dG `a `dG SCG c W 107.182
MG QGhOCG H YG ``e
```N `````J `````S ``` c ``H``` ` Gh
N cQG G QGdG
YdG jdG CGj Sh ,jdG
,G```X I`` MG`` dG EG k`M````U ```e```dG
GQS cM ac MS M
``g ``N Q``` G EGh ``e QG``` dG
GOGSG L NCG bh ,IdG
S ``KC` J `` Y ``e ``cC` ` ` d `` eR`` dG
WG Qh``G cMh QG Y
CG ``c``d``H ``j``G .Q`````d IQh``` G
jQhO IQH J j jdG Gg
G G L jgL QN
jDhdG - e
IQGOE ``` f``` o ` dG ``c``` ` dG ``` ` YCG
ILCG e dHh fCH GQ```G
``e O`` ` ` Yh `` ` ` ` dG GP `` ` `e`` ` `G
AHQCG Z j S G G
Q``` ``e```T QG`` `W ``j`` H
Q````NG ``` H `` dPh h`` `dG `````e
QG IO``L``G GOG`````SG IA```c
CG`` ` `j `` `` ` Sh .Q`` ` ` `W CG `` ` `LG``
``d``M O`` `Lh `` Y `` YE`` H ``j``` ` dG
G``F```dG i`` MEG ```Y ````gh QG`` W
ja S M Q```G EG eOdG
e hCG dG jH Q````dG dG
Je %7^8 f H kYJQG 2014 Y
2013 fj jH Gh k``W 339 ``e
.2014 fj jH kW 365 EG d
T a CG EG jdG Q```TCGh
``` a`` `` JQ`` ` ` J ``` b``` ` dG `` `` ` Lh
``G `````dG ````c ```M ``e ```````dG
`H ``dPh 2014 ``e hCG dG dG
%4^3 ````H ``V````fG H k``W 27,440
dG ``e ```JGP I```dG H fQe
a J ,kW 28,669 ddGh HdG
%3 `` ``````Hh k` ` ` ` W25,653 ` `H ``` ` S``dG
dG ``e ```JGP I```dG H fQe
a ``K ,k``W 24,903 ``d```dGh HdG
fQe %8^9 H kW 18,799 `H QX
HdG dG e JGP IdG G e
a T H ,kW 17,265 ddGh
H ``G d c ``bCG G``fEG e
H ```M ;i`` `NCG dG ```a``
%16^7``` ` H ``V````fG ``````H k` ` W 6,698
dG e JGP IdG G e fQe
.kW 8,040ddGh HdG
d dG SCG EG jdG Hh
LEG IOjR EG kGe dG M G
jDhdG - e
``d```G ``` ` SCG c ``` LEG T
YGfCH dG c ```LEG - dG
k``V````fG -Q``` ` dGh ```M````dGh `` G
fQe 2014 e hCG dG jH kW
;HdG dG e JGP IdG G e
e fQe W 107,182 dG H M
e ``` JGP I``` dG e `` ` `W107,284
SCG bh c jJ ch .2013
cG Y QOdG dG f M dG
VfG Y eGh AMEd WdG
jH G G dG c LEG
106,313 e dPh %0^1 H 2014fj
dG e JGP IdG jH Gh kW
``` VhCGh ,k` ` W 105,213 EG d ``H````dG
``````d ``` d``` LEG ``` ` ` dG CG ``j``` ` dG
Jd %15^8 H kG`` S ``G
EG d Y ``jQ e 77^506 ``e
```LEG T H .`` jQ ````e 89^787
2014 fj jH G MdG dG
EG `````d %153^8 f ````H k` Y``` JQG
JGP IdG G e fQe kW1,604
S c .kW 632 ddGh HdG dG e
jdG OQGG OcCG jN e hCG adH zY JJ{ zadG{`H zaCG d AdG{ Ihf NG
jDhdG e
fdG - e
dG zaCG d AdG{ Ihf eCG NG
e hdH ```Y YUh IQ`` ``a``Z J
H S IO````S ``j``YQ `` ``j```d```dG IQ`````dG
IQ`` ``a``Z IQGOEG ````FQ ``e````dG ``d```U
.ej SG dGh Y YUh
``` dG `` ` `` `aCG `` V`` Y EG Ih`` `` ` dG `` `a`` `gh
d Q``` ` G d I`````G ``j```d```dG
dG IOLh G H bdG VYh dG
OG``aCG i``d NGO QaGh RG```YG O```jEG ch
dG `````d I``j``G Q`` ` `aCG ``j``W ``Y
jddG dY ``e hdH ``dPh
aJh IG dG ```G Gh
dG dGh bdG ad IjL ```dBG
.G g cdG LddGh G IQGOEGh
IQ`` ``a``Z IQGOEG ````FQ IO````S ````Th
fhJ ```Y ``j```d```dG IQ`````dG ```Y ``Y````Uh
``j```J `` ` `gQhOh Gh`` ` `dG `` g ``` e `` FG`` dG
JOS G``cD` e ..G``` d``gh dG ``H ``b```dG
d Gh``` dG ``g ```e ``Y``d ``a```dG OG`````SG
UNG ```Lh jddG IQdG ``e jS
.G Gg GG Od
e Y M ``K IhdG Jh
jddG d Y e e ej
Lh a J eb QGh dG HQ gh
ObG
QNCG
G Gd edG dG e H
k
``UYCG d zGQaO{ J M bEG TQh `a hO 9 e e
45
``MG`` ``````dG `` g q ` `e ``` M ;GQ`` ` aO
``Y ``gQ``` ` HG ```e ``` eG ,```q `` e ``j``j```J
jdG Q````dG ``e Q````J `` dGR ``eh ,1969
YUG Q``` bCG Q```U IO`` Lh Yf
dG ``````dG `` g `` ` MGRCG `` bh .``````G
FdG dG ``Y dG YG ``e
dG ejdGh FjdG hdG a
,`` jQG`` G `` ` Gh ``` U``YC``H `````J
Ic ``LQ``Hh `````dG ```Y S
``dGh ,``j``G `` G ``g ``e edG
``j````dG ``` ` e `````Hh ,Qh`` ` H ``g``` S
g Cq G LG ``eh ,gW e dGh
SqdG e BG GY GhQCG fCG dG
N jQGG G g GVJ jdG
q G dEG QTCG e M INCG OdG
.jG OUQCd jeCG
``dGh - dG ``g QJh `` gSh
Q```bCG e dG Q````dG ``e ``eG``J
e
Sh L -YdG dG
q
bGeh ```UQ ``cG``e ``e c Ieh
,C` ` ` dG GP h`` `dGh ``` d``bCG ``` U``YCG
``g ``` Y `` jQ`` ` `dG Cq G ``` a ``` T `` `h
bOh da e Rj S Hh dG
UYCH DdGh dGh UdG Y
dG H J dG jQGG Gh
b ```dGh ,h`` dG J ``H ```J `` I``` SCG
.G Gg Ic kWGTCG
jDhdG -e
aVEH dG H HS jQGe
.dG M e jQGe M e P EG
``g```G ``HQ ```Y GQ`` `aO J ``` J``Jh
SGH ```U``YC`d IO``` U``G ```F````Gh
``F``j```` dG ``` V``dGh ``` Y``` ` ` UG Q`` ` `bCG
Y Gh
,gG d G ejdGh
q
MGeh je e e Me hCG ie
`aG Uf -S
Ff{ ``M Ih``f dG Ih`` dGh ``YGQ``dG IQGRh f
,QX a S jH zdG dG h e
QH ,S Gh Ff G MCG Y jYQ dPh
dGh dG G AYCGh iQdG Y IOS
ch b e IGh dG h G jQSG
.qdG Ihd qdG IhdGh YGQdG IQGRh
qdG Ih``dGh YGQdG IQGRh OL Q``WEG IhdG JCJh
eCG dG Y XJh dG h`` Y ad
```Vh EG Ih``` dG `````Jh .``aG``` ` ` SGh ``F``G `````dG ``` eh
SG G Vhh jJh J ``M AGQBGh MG
G Gh`` dG ``e ```J ```dGh ,dG Ih``K ```Y d
``jO`````dG ``e ```c O`` Y ````Mh .Q``` X ```a`` O`````d
TdG QGO ``bh fG G``g Gh QdGh UGdGh
jMh d MdGh eBG M QaCG Wh QGGh
.VGfG e dG IhK
dG dG ce je dG S SG ``bh
dG h dG G efH J q EG QX a
,d dG hG Y SG KCJ ae j
CG e ,IG Ih``dG d h```G U Y ``b``dGh
OG``YCG ``a```d dH G ``d``M VS ``e``f``dG ``F```f
H e dH ``fEGh QcdG LGJh dG
cJ Q````d``H ```U``N ``F```f ``a``J ``f``L EG ,`````dG
dG QdG ie jd LGJ We d hG
.jEG hCG dH AGS Y CGj S
k
WdG YdH jd SDG N V UT `a fdG d Ve J zYdG WG{
zQU YU{ `a GQSG jQ Qe 1.756 :TdG
jDhdG -UT
ObG
aG e Ohfi OH CGJ j N
dG GY
OdG dU
.FdG G ie
k G G Jh
G ebE ```VGQCG jC
fC GkL e b Jh FdG hCG YdG
.dG dG e AL
e TJ dG dG ``e %90 q CG O``aCGh
H ````jCG ```g ```dh ,``` dG ````dG e
dG H j a e G
dG dG J b QGdG Y IOLG
aG e eJ kFGO G CG UNh e
.G VQCG iG GP
WdG dG cT aM j QWEG h
q ``fq CG O```dG ```VhCG fdG
b ``e LdG
G`` gh I`` j`` L `` a`` M AG``` ` d IQGOEG ``` `
OYGh ``` ` j``` Gh ``` ` UG``G `` ` `SGQO `````j
:VCGh .e HG aG Yf
Ia b jGh UGG Ge OYG
Me BG fh IQGOEG e H
e O`` O``Y AGd GSEG be ``W
e eGS hCG Mc ``a``G
.G AT EG
AdG S ```d``G ```G M `` fCG `` cPh
G M
k G G ``eh
IdG QYG ``NCG jC
k
dG ``Y ```H `` G ```UG``Y EG i``` dG ``e
N `` LG`` J ``Y`````j `` IQ`` ` ` dGh ``` ` dGh
Gh OG`` ` YCG ``g ```M ``a``` ```e````e
.HS eRdG
N ```Vh Y Yj ``eCG G``g CG ``H``Jh
Oj ``j ``c jf h jG ``NGO EG d
S f FSh Y JH EG UTCG ADg
.jeh
Y e a ``NGO ```WG``e ```gh
dG dG eN J EG LH G S
dG ``g L ``Y S a ,```d
dG ``` ` Gh GQ``` ` G ``j`` EG ``a``` VE``H
jdG d FdG efdG S
Jh e a G dG CGJ dG
j hCG ,``````FQ `````e ``K``K ```G
fG ``W```eh dG ``Y H ``` G
.dG dG EG dH dUh Weh SdG
k G Sh
Gd MG dG ddG jC
e ad ```dG dG `` QSG
Y bGeh G OG``YCG geh ,S c
SdG
aK J EG SG LG cQG ``cCGh
UNh aG GSG Y j d WGG
e d ```a```G ``H ```j```dG ad
dG WGG OY a dG GQdG OY
LdG q EG dG G Y b G jGH h
ac dG dG b ee jJ f
jdG ````dG Vj G`` dGh h`` Gh Q````dGh
dG O``Y ```JQG EG ``a```VEG ,fdG d
MORG e d IjL SS Y dGh
dG ``c``J ``X dG G``KC` ` dGh Qh`` G
cGGh ``G UGh eG ```YCG e
.ad jQGOEG
H jGj UG cG OY q CG VCGh
dCG 800 ,2013 ``Y Hh %11 ` H Q```J dY
QhG OGH eG ah Je IQS
EG f dG Uh dG jdG gFNh
.AdG S e Iah 913
eb ````JGh dG IQGRh q CG EG Q``` TCGh
dG fCG d dG dG fb he
aCG ``a``J `````j `` ``` dG ``` ` ` T ``` Y
FdGh ``U``` ` TCG ``` f `` `` e`` G
JeN ``j```Jh Q````MG ``e fCG ``j``h
.IG aG SSCG Y
k G Y IQGR``dG CG HJh
Y J Y jC
WGTG ``j``` J `` N `` e I`` ` `LCG GQ``` ` S
cG ``` ` UG``eh ``F``` ` dGh ``` ` ` dG `` dhG`` e
fGdH dG Y M VhG HdGh
.WGTGh
q CG EG J ``Y`````SG Ff q CG ``` VhCGh
dG ``e````e J h``jD` j `````dG ````d``Z
bNd M e aJ dG dG
EG UdG NCdGh dG ``MORGh ``jQh``G
H ``eh ```S```G ```b```dG ````G ``` dG
.dG bGe
SdG S H SG IOS bh
.G h dG Gh
`` ` HGQ CG `` c`` d`` H `` `j`` `G
SBG ``` a``` ` G ``` ` ` SD` G
(APABI) O``` dG ````Gh
11 O``L``H 1986 ``Y SCJ
Yd ``` ` fG `` bh ,kG``` ` Y
EG O``` dG `````d O`` L A``` ` YCG
SBG hO ``e kG````Y 17
J ``` M ,O`` ` ` ` `dG `` ` `` `Gh
L e Qh``H ```HG``dG ``g
dGh G dGh gG
jhJ ``g ````J ``gQh``H
IQdH dG SDGh dG
dG GQdG e edG Y
Gh ````G ````dG gj
d G YO ``N e
. jdG OQGG
gGG IQGOEG Qe c
M IV IG jdH
.IOGh gGG IQGOEG
SGQdG ````c ````Y `` bh
MCG .O dG dGh aG
M dGh dG H
EG : ``` ` ` ` d `k ` ` ` `` `D` ` G
GDG ``g ```e ``cQ````G
dG `` ` U`` a ``` ` ` ` d ``` ` J
gGh ``` ` ` dG ``e h``` ` dGh
dGh , hO e HG
dG jDhQ e aGj
kGce J CGh , Y ie
JCjh ,2020 Y H d
eGH `` a`` J `` `N `` e `` `dP
e ````jQ``Jh ``` O``cCG
G ``` ` dG ```Y ``` c``dGh
`` ` ` ` `SGQ`` ` dG `` ` `` `c `` `cQ`` `` ` T
`` D` `G `` ` `d`` Gh ``` a``` ` G
`` ` `HGQ `` J`` ` `Y `` ` ` dG h`` ` ` `dG
SBG ``` a``` ` G ``` ` ` SD` G
(APABI) OdG Gh
.dH ee je
M `` `dG `` D` `G ``` Yh
hO `` e `` ` dhO 21 `` e ``` `
jaCG Th ``` ShCG dG
IQGOEG : G``` ` H ,``` ` SBG `` ` Th
hJ M ,dG gGG
gGG ``L ````e Qh`` I``Y
c fL EG H MGh
.gGG g jJ
N.QBG.JEG G DG aGh
WMG d aG Ff
A`` `` ` SDh`` `dG Q`` ` `` `` `H ,`` `` ` ` ` dG
``` ` dG ````` ``j``````dG
K aG M YCGh ,dG
``gG``G IQGOEG ``dh```J L
,`` G ``` ` dGh ``` ` dG ``` b
,LddG dG GQO``` eh
IOdGh IQGOEG ``Y ``` ` VG``eh
cQ ``dPh dG b
aG ``e IRQ`` `H ``Y```
,LddG `` AG`` Nh
J .O dCG dP EG aVEH
jDhdG - e
fdG G H S H eSEG
G ``` Y ``e``` ` ` ` G `` ` g `` jR`` ` `H
G Se FT jOCJ AKCG fdG
cDd IG g JCJ c ,eG
dH eSEG Iaf hCc e IOjQ
eGdG gQhO jH Gc egG J
gJh G ```J ```dG `````fCGh
FGT ````` ```Y````LG ``e``N ``` J
ad ````e `` ch .``` ` dG `````G
d bH GNDe TO b eSEG
,IOe ``jG``eh ``e``` H ``a``dG ``````e
bdG Y I``j``L ``a```VEG q d
,FHdG ad e ej dG Gh
HdG d bdG g J bh
G ja AGOCG AKCG fCdGh MGdG
bEG Lh C dG AKCG hCG , IdG hCG
,eSEG jd ```ah ``dPh Y hCG
e `` e d ``b``` H ``` J ``` M
jGG ac e eSEG ad
H e eSEG ad e f
dG eH KEG eCG U e
e e TH ``j``H ``cCG ``S``H``b
e I cQ ``dPh QdG d
N M ``SQG``G dWh W b
jdG Y QdG dG jJ G
ch ``G S G Q`` eCG ``e
N YJEG j dG GAG``LEGh FGOCG
J G ``N c SG ``jOC`J
c jGdG ``jR``Jh ```WCG H He
dM Y IQY jg WCG AYEG
dGh YGH SH jYJ Ifh T
Jh eSEG ad e gQj
H G VGG ``e jdG Y
QNOGh adG Y Jh WCG
N c JM VG Gg gCGh
adG ``` WCG jJ G
H j ``dG QhdH jJh eSEG
,G ````dG ``j```Jh J ````e
AKdG dG U G UGSh Gg
cCG SHb dG eL S 30
. SQGG dWh W e OY cQ
ad e GQOeh efH Vh
e O`` Y ``` ` H G`` ND` e `` b ``` e``` SEG
fdG d eGh LMG
IQGRh ``H ``F``` dG h``` ` dG Q`` `WEG `` dPh
ad eh jdG hDdGh bhCG
ObG
He
jDhdG - e
jH bJh Qe 500 W J
jDhdG -e
I`````dG ``` ` ` SD` G ``````d ``e``` dG ``` ` ` dG ``` ` J
G IY Me ej ,A```HQCG GZ SGh
cQG GAG`` LEG S ``` YCG IO``jQ I``F``L
,Qe 500 f BG M gOY H jdGh ,IFG
HdG dPh ,IFG aJ dG dG
.Z dG e Y GjH ddG
I`````dG ``` ` ` SD` G ``````d ``e``` dG `````dG ``f``ch
IO``jQ I``F`` IG N Vh ``e``b SGh
IFH jdG dG M e OY H YCG
;dG a L T dG a
GQG`` b `` MC G`````J ``` YCG IO`` jQ I``F``L ``JC` J ```M
bCG dG SGh IdG SDG J Ih``f
LH 2013 e H ``j``H ``````dG S
H ``S``H``b ``````dG ``d``G ``M```U I```` ```e```S
:Y gQGb f dGh -YQh G M -G S
SDG J Y i jS IFL J
d ``` YG``dG OG`` ` aCGh ``` Gh ````S```Gh I`````dG
.2014 e GQYG gJh
IQhO Y G IdG N IFG N Jh
e 16 `````G `` j `` dPh ,I`` F`` G ````` ````jQ``J
j dG ``` YCG dG CG```J CG Y ,````G ``H```cCG
.G HcCG e 19 MCG
hCG ;FQ a 3 ```YCG IO``jQ I``F``L Jh
aCG ``gh Ya a Jh IO``j``dG I``F``L J
he Ia aCGh ,```YCG ``FGQ aCGh ,```YCG I``FGQ
aCGh J IQOe aCGh G e he aCGh
a fdG FdG dG ``eq CG ,``q `e``YEG IQO```e
M SGh IdG SDd YCG IOjQ IFL
,dG ge SDe ````aCG YdG Ja J
k
zG adG{ e hdH QGdG M `a ANEd fH J zGQd HdG{ dG id jOdG GQG J efH Tj zYo .H .H{h zQHEd Y{o
jDhdG - e
jDhdG - e
zAHdG jRd e{ `a dH d M
jDhdG - e
e hdH dPh ,dH d M eCG AHdG jRd e cT f
.cd YLG dhDG efH QWEG h ,dG IQGRd HdG dG H
N e dG bd e cCd dH hdG b eG a q h
fe e a bW dG H e dG bW Jh .W IQSG J
QTh .gDG edG e Yh IG hP VG e jah W e
OGG jV IM PfEG Y IYG LCG e cdG Xe e OY G
e cT CG EG Qj .``dG f d Lj ``j``dG VGh QG``` dGh
.SDG e UGe H dG GQOG g J AHdG jRd
jDhdG - e
jh .kfY k jQ 20 dG Y fY jQ N H jGg
,kG SCGh dG d MCG LdG g e fGL e
cCG H Gh bqd YG GQG e kGOY j gh
jh ,MGh S dG dG jQdG edG e J
QGhd e fGL e ej kGfh ,kjQ k 130 e cCG G
qJ HH Gd j H kej OGOj bGh QGh``dG OY q Ea
edG GLGh SdG e fGL e jh .FGQ
eh ,hCG Id dG VQC H j dGh ,dG jQdG
dH g Hh ,jQe jQhCG kGNDe MaG dG G
ObG
10
cT
jDhdG - e
jDhdG - e
jDhdG - e
fi H M J Y dG GdG YCG
,```Y d Gk` j``L ``k ````bEG Gk ` j``e ``KQ``G
QdG Y Y e SQ KQG CGj Sh
.e a dG Gd FdG H dPh
``````dG ``` e``L `` e ``` ` e `` KQ`` G ``` M
a G Je jJ Y Y ``bh ,SHb
````dG G````d ``e`````fG ```e G``` dG ```b
q ,``b``dG ``dP h .2002 ``Y ``a QGOEG Qc
SHb dG eH zfchCG{
jDhdG - e
q dG jQG Ve SHb dG eL A```HQCG Z U j
S .O jYQ eG VQG YH ``dPh ,Y fchCG HQ
JCjh ,G eNh OcCG hDd eG FQ Ff FdG Y H
XdG ```L```dG ``c`` ```e``G ``H h````dG Q`` WEG V ``V```G G``g
k VG Gg j .Y fchCG cTh
dG jQe k J VY
cdG U PEG ,Y fchCG cH dG jQdG efdH cQG
GQG c gDJ Ua Y G HQd j efH aJ Y
OjEG jW Y bGdG ``VQCG Y eG e G aG Jh q dG
dG e G fl jQH j TG hDGh dW d he
.BG SGh IQGOEGh dGh RdGh
56 H 2014 U N cdG HQG dG OY qCG cdH jG
.LQNh dG NGO e dGh eG fl e kHQe
dGG dN -jDhdG
jDhdG - e
Qeh jL e EG zfSfH{ eN ce fG G FGT ac e UGJ LGh zd M{`H JG ce zSGh IdG SDG{h QX H H gJ Ice
jb IN h jW Ia
,```f```S``f``H ``e``Y ``e``N
I``j``L ``j```e ```V``H ``` ` jh
.``Y``dGh ``e````d ``Y`````dG
ed jG cG Gg j
SY jJ aGe QGH
IjG eG aGeh ,TH
e dH dEG UdG
e ```a``fi A``` fCG ````L
b 10^000 Me Y jh
dG H e YO aSh He
eG ```jh ,AG``` S ``M Y
`````SD`G ``e A`````d ````k ` jCG
e `` e`` G ``` J R``` ` ` Sh
````jQ``J GQhO ``a``J `` N
dG jd dG ed
M Yh ,bGdG ``VQCG Y
c ,G dH G
H Q``` ` dG ``` b ``a``J `````S
AGOCG i`````e ``` UQh ,``` S``` S
```Y ``` ` dGh ``f``` ` ` dG ``c``e
VQ ``e ``` YCG i`````e ````V
.AdG
jG SEG fi VhCGh
JJ{ Fb SY ``G
jDhdG - e
jDhdG - e
jd Y cT fG
R`` e (``` ` S``` Y) `` `e`` `Gh
e e eG YG
``j``L ``c``e EG ``` f``` S``f``H
`` ` bh .`` ` `T`` H ``f``` ` ` ` d
``j``G ``e``G ``c``e ``` ` aG
``j``e ``J``c ``ch``g ````SG``H
`` ` ` ` bEG `` ` ` `` H `` ` e`` ` G
``j``````d ```f```S``f``H ``c````d
,`` ` ` j`` aEGh `` ` ` ` ShCG `` ` `` `dG
IjG ``aG``G q CG ``cCG ``dGh
G`` ` ` ` dG `` `` ` Y `` `` ` d`` `c `` ` JC` ` ` J
``YOh ``e`` ``` dG ````S```Y
Y ``H ````Jh .```F```Y
``` jQ``J `` HQ`` G ``` ` ` dG `` e
G```e ``MC` H ``` h ,```d``Y
``` UEGh dG GhOCGh
``fh``fl ````jh ``e```J `` `cCG
G`` gh ,Q`` ` ` dG ``` b `` e `` j`` b
``e``N CG``` ` ` S `` j`` G `` c`` G
``` Sh ,Q`` ` `dG ``` Y ```````dG
eG ``e````d Oh`` e ``` j
{ .```f```S``f``H e
eh ,O``` dG A``` fCG L
``g `` ` ` S`` ` Y `` `e`` `N `` `c`` `e
``` VCGh .```e ``e````dG ``d````S
``j``G ``c``G G`` g ``` ` aG q CG
g ``` T``H `````G ``e````d
cCJ ,```````JG```SE OG``` eG
SY ``` ` fCG ````dG ```Y
f G``` dG ``j````d ``V``Yh
ch .zY S FY
e j SY eN ce
jDhdG - e
`````SD`G d ``e```dG `````dG ``e ``c ``bh
gJ I``c``e Q``` X ``` Hh ````S```Gh I`````dG
dG N ;SGh IdG cdG Yd
jQG Yd zfY ehY{ IQOe e fdG
``j``YQ `` `````aG ``` dG ````S```Gh I`````dG
,MdG `` jRh ,R``` G ```U``f ``H ``` MCG ```e
IdG SDG d edG dG H
``````d ``` e``` dG ``` ` ` dG ``` e `` bh .``` ` S``` Gh
H N VdG SGh IdG SDG
c dG FdG YCH FdG ,dG S
FQ ,JGdG gGHEG Y M QX H e
Y - YCG jJh SDG jdG b
H c ``b SG ```Hh .aG fCG
fCG Y ```dG ``j``G Ff ,R``G M
j ````H ``fQ````Y``H { :Q``` X ````H ```a````G
dG Y SGh IdG SDG UCG
SDd ``e```dG `````dG ``e ``cG````d``Hh ,`` G
ObG ``F``cQ jJ j ,````S```Gh IdG
dG MU IM LJ e dG
G M ````G S ``H ``S``H``b ``````dG
11
ObG
G S
dG
SEG
1^000
0^100
0^100
1^000
0^100
0^100
1^000
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
dG
SEG
0^100
0^100
0^100
0^100
bdG dG
VY NCG
W NCG
132,558,038^400
152,207,836^000
44,600,000^000
42,021,000^000
14,416,588^165
9,601,434^700
141,195,188^420
252,786,750^440
24,862,500^000
18,601,800^000
1,241,250,000^000
233,220,000^000
480,218,035^000
26,929,880^120
58,702,041^200
33,715,446^360
39,051,877^524
189,567,473^088
437,434,522^560
360,056,302^200
274,560,000^000
515,805,010^176
1,685,035,281^136
60,105,077^508
49,600,000^000
25,894,000^000
319,985,388^788
84,425,820^000
19,265,078^712
25,600,000^000
44,858,880^000
172,845,000^000
0^000
0^460
0^446
0^320
0^245
0^290
0^572
0^764
0^205
0^215
1^675
2^770
0^400
0^440
0^474
0^740
0^145
0^680
0^672
0^180
0^239
0^386
0^772
0^228
0^248
0^430
0^247
0^386
0^094
0^130
0^468
2^550
0^664
0^454
0^442
0^318
0^243
0^287
0^568
0^756
0^203
0^214
1^660
2^600
0^394
0^436
0^470
0^712
0^143
0^676
0^668
0^178
0^238
0^384
0^768
0^225
0^247
0^428
0^245
0^382
0^093
0^127
0^462
0^000
bdG dG
VY NCG
W NCG
19,600,000^000
103,000,000^000
123,504,399^690
232,915,555^800
10,400,000^000
130,736,360^220
30,286,068^880
36,899,027^000
19,950,000^000
5,000,000^000
142,500,000^000
11,556,407^500
4,675,000^000
122,250,000^000
25,800,000^000
5,190,000^000
10,905,160^000
10,750,000^000
0^000
0^104
0^184
2^430
0^160
0^185
4^800
0^820
0^114
0^000
0^095
0^275
0^057
2^490
0^840
0^173
0^147
0^086
1^300
0^100
0^183
2^410
0^144
0^184
4^650
0^740
0^112
0^100
0^093
0^270
0^055
2^445
0^776
0^172
0^145
0^085
bdG dG
VY NCG
W NCG
33,302,402^210
49,084,434^648
7,650,500^000
34,201,766^225
0^000
0^150
0^107
0^000
0^109
0^116
0^103
0^107
NGS
U
0^664
0^458
0^446
0^320
0^243
0^287
0^572
0^764
0^203
0^215
1^660
2^600
0^394
0^440
0^470
0^740
0^143
0^680
0^672
0^177
0^239
0^384
0^768
0^228
0^247
0^430
0^245
0^382
0^093
0^127
0^464
2^505
dG f
%
3^750
1^802
1^364
1^258
1^240
1^060
0^704
0^526
0^493
0^467
0^303
0^193
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^4030^5211^0641^5381^6671^765-
NGS
U
1^400
0^104
0^183
2^430
0^160
0^184
4^650
0^700
0^113
0^100
0^093
0^275
0^055
2^445
0^848
0^173
0^147
0^086
dG f
%
9^375
0^980
0^549
0^412
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
1^1432^0273^371-
dG
.Q
0^120
0^001
0^001
0^010
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^000
0^0020^0030^003-
NGS
U
0^110
0^116
0^103
0^107
dG f
%
0^917
0^000
0^000
0^000
dG
.Q
0^001
0^000
0^000
0^000
YCG
dG
dG
OdG
dG bQdG
0^664
0^458
0^446
0^324
0^247
0^287
0^576
0^764
0^206
0^216
1^680
2^600
0^396
0^440
0^470
0^740
0^143
0^680
0^672
0^180
0^240
0^384
0^772
0^228
0^248
0^430
0^247
0^382
0^094
0^140
0^478
2^505
8
18
13
224
104
14
6
8
80
15
55
5
22
27
9
4
8
9
11
7
36
9
30
3
21
8
5
2
14
4
10
3
792
226,498
37,002
93,627
1,257,864
354,854
57,508
48,660
88,674
237,476
15,911
774,731
54,233
142,334
125,614
88,436
41,588
248,248
89,433
243,868
5,704,045
196,293
212,218
762,372
17,438
82,725
23,617
27,150
3,076
13,223
1,473,557
72,614
40,456
12,855,342
342,050
82,000
210,000
3,900,187
1,449,537
200,982
85,000
116,220
1,164,524
74,030
467,942
20,860
360,554
285,566
188,166
56,200
1,747,925
133,000
362,899
32,225,762
818,585
552,650
988,817
76,500
333,700
55,110
110,000
8,052
141,932
10,526,387
154,000
16,150
57,255,287
32
HdG QhH G G SG
ehG
eCd IG fdG
HdG QGfCG
QSG e G
CG WdG
eG`dG `d QGfCG
Y SG
HdG GQeEGh Y
HdG QSd bdG
JEd fdG
fdG HdG YU
dG WdG dG
ed IjG
jjG d IjG
``WdG RdG
jd IG
ed dG
SQdG
Y S H SG JG H
QU H
QX H
e H
hGh Sd QL
jdGh GQSd Y
bd eda
gCG dG
bd QU
QSd jG
dG GQSd dhdG
fGG eN SDe
dG G jd G
LEG
dhGG
jRGG dG
HdG ZEG
ZEG S
fOCG
YCG
dG
dG
OdG
dG bQdG
1^400
0^103
0^182
2^430
0^160
0^183
4^650
0^700
0^113
0^100
0^093
0^275
0^055
2^445
0^848
0^172
0^145
0^086
1^400
0^104
0^183
2^450
0^160
0^184
4^650
0^700
0^116
0^100
0^095
0^275
0^055
2^445
0^848
0^175
0^147
0^088
2
6
36
15
2
49
2
1
10
1
8
1
3
1
1
11
11
37
197
5,828
11,024
39,957
71,678
256,162
50,897
1,460
1,148
12,026
2
15,768
1,375
556
4,890
848
12,250
11,478
52,258
549,604
4,163
106,913
218,432
29,360
1,601,012
277,883
314
1,640
105,459
20
166,189
5,000
10,100
2,000
1,000
70,800
79,000
606,555
3,285,840
18
QX eL
eSEG dG H
bd WdG
dU QS
dG eG
bd OGdG
G d bdG
dG dG
aJ jG
FGhdG Yd WdG
ihf H
LR
AdG OGe YU
Wd Y
GRd `e
QSGh d WdG
`SdG G
fdG SCG
LEG
dhGG
fOCG
YCG
dG
dG
OdG
dG bQdG
4^5 dG e H GS
3^75 ed dG GS
4^5 QU H GS
4^5 e H GS
LEG
dhGG
hGdG cM LEG
dhGG dG GQhCG
60,642,182
GTDG
TDG
30 e S TDe
YdG TDe
G dG TDe
eG TDe
YdG dG TDe
1^280
0^102
0^182
2^430
0^160
0^183
4^645
0^748
0^114
0^100
0^095
0^275
0^055
2^445
0^860
0^175
0^148
0^089
1^400
0^103
0^183
2^440
0^160
0^183
4^645
0^748
0^114
0^100
0^095
0^275
0^055
2^445
0^860
0^173
0^145
0^086
GdG S
HdG ZEG
ZEG S
0^109
0^116
0^107
0^107
0^110
0^116
0^107
0^107
0^109
0^116
0^103
0^107
0^110
0^116
0^103
0^107
5
1
1
3
10
10,640
408
7
79
11,133
96,736
3,519
65
735
101,055
4
LEG
54
Ie
28
e
9
Je
17
dG
999
bdG dG
15,581,854,734
hGdG b
13,416,080
dG f
0^07
0^10
0^19
0^02
0^09
dG
5^56
10^30
17^47
0^71
0^99
HdG TDG
7,457^70
10,217^90
9,269^53
3,797^16
1,084^93
G TDG
7,463^26
10,228^20
9,287^00
3,797^87
1,085^92
fOCG
7,456^63
10,209^95
9,269^22
3,796^64
1,085^08
YCG
7,467^25
10,228^22
9,295^77
3,805^90
1,086^24
dG f
(b)
91^01 %
3^77 %
0^96 %
4^27 %
dG f
(OY)
96^40 %
1^83 %
0^76 %
1^02 %
G hGJ
AGdG f
(b)
44^96 %
44^91 %
2^52 %
7^61 %
AGdG f
(OY)
41^86 %
54^55 %
1^58 %
2^01 %
G
fY
N
Y
iNCG
G hGJ
S e 25^383 fdG AG```T ```Hh
6^031 b ````H ,``` G 41^86 ``````Hh
AGT Hh ,G 44^96 Hh ``jQ e
Hh jJ S e 33^083 G
jQ e 6^025 b H ,G 54^55
AG```T ```H ```c ,``` G 44^91 Hh jJ
1^58 Hh jJ S ``dCG 955 ```dG
Hh jJ jQ dCG 337 b H ,G
1^219 ``f``LCG AG```T H a ,```G 2^52
b H ,G 2^01 Hh S e
.G 7^61 Hh jJ jQ e 1^021
```H ``` H ``` a ``` ` dG ``c`` ``````d``H `` `eCG
96^40 Hh S e 58^457 fdG
jJ ``jQ e 12^209 b H ,G
G ```H ```Hh ,``` G 91^01 Hh
,G 1^83 Hh jJ jQ e 1^107
3^77 Hh ``jQ BG 505 b H
jJ S ``dCG 461 dG H H c ,G
``dCG 128 b H ,```G 0^76 Hh
H H a ,G 0^96 Hh jJ jQ
,G 1^02 Hh S ``dCG 615 ``f``LCG
4^27 Hh jJ jQ dCG 572 b H
.G
YJQG cCG
cdG SCG Q```X eL S QJh
J Hh ``jQ 1^400 Y ```ZCGh JG
HdG QhH EG.EG.SEG S J ,G 9^38
3^75 J Hh ``jQ 0^664 Y ```ZCGh
ZCG dG ehCG S M H eh ,G
K ,G 80^1 J Hh jQ 452^0 Y
446^0 Y ZCG dG eCd IG fdG
``M a ,```G 1^36 J Hh ``jQ
HdG QG`` fCG S JG cdG ``NBG
.G 1^26 Hh jQ 0^322 Y ZCGh
VfG cG
``e```e ```f````dG ``` ` SCG ````S `` Mh
``jQ 0^086 ```Y ``` ZCGh G ``c````dG
G ``J ``K ,``` G 3^37 J Hh
2^03 Hh jQ 0^145 Y ZCGh SdG
dG G jd G S K G
K ,G 1^77 Hh jQ 2^505 Y ZCGh
jQ 0^472 Y ZCGh fGG eN SDe
VfG cdG ``NBGh ,G 1^67 Hh
ZCGh dG GQSd ```dh``dG S ``c
.G 1^54 Hh jQ 0^128 Y
hGJ cCG
Y ``` S.``H.``SEG.``` JEG ```H S ````YGh
`````dG ``` M ``e ``dhG``` G ``` ` SCG IQG`` ` `U
jJ `` jQ ````e 5^704 `````H hG`` ` `H
``` dh``dG ``` ` S `` K ,`` ` `G 42^52 ``` ` ` ` Hh
1^473 H hG``` H ```d``G GQ``````S``d
CGdG
12
l
!..AGM N
dG dU .O
gcQh ,QeCG SH
dfGh ,FdH KGcG
p
p CG Ap H oSSCG Eq G
k
k
dhO T HY WGe dCo S .dM jh ,gL gj M ,GJG ncGe
dG idG Eq G H f :a ?cY Qp eCG o M g c :dG GMCG
o
q :kdfl d b !..QgORGh QGSd k d J
o ShdG q CG T
HJ
k
r gn hn Ea ,dM Ggh ,Ye V Je ,e d dM h dG H
q o Ye Vh
r
fH qh ,Ye Y aM EGh ,gCGh Y fG
o
k
.!..OGaCGh dGh
phq dG M Ggh ,S dEG ShdG p
p
ajh ,IAdGh Ip GhGh pdG FYO Rq d k hCG phDG Y ic feCG n WdG EG
a p H n Jd eYEG Y l feCGh ,fdG p G a dG p G QT
Meh ,Qp aCG bf oYj Wh
m p LCG e dG p eh ,JGdG p HQBe
p aQh WdG
p p jGQ Ap YEG Y qHCG f o WGe u c Y l feCGh ..NG
o
OG o dG j Eq G cG K h ,MG
o J a o dG qeCG .fCT
o
o
o
q Qm WEG
bh
m UdG dGh ,jRdG SdG K dG ..WdH Te
n
q
.dG EG dG hUjh ,GdG hG a o j
https://www.facebook.com/SalehAlfahdi
o
o Gh - dG o Lf e t TCG
p dG Y G
- Il QGqhO oGh ,Il QGqe GMC
ncCG eC
o G a
o .ge m gGc hCG ,m FW m a hCG ,m ja An H p jq CG e p WdG
o !..Y Am GaGh ,a Jh
idG p dG p Y f
e
m ,FW jJ
m
n
n
,fGH dGh ``G a gCG M ,C``H Jh
o
,dH
O``J dG
p
o HEG iS p dEG o J n e h ,dGh p fG iS o J d n VM a
!..dGh
n G p ``bCG p M e hCG ,p adG n Yq j dG
o jdG dhC
VJ
oYCGh
p
o
da
,j a dG p dG ie EG GJj CG dG ``f``eCG Y
l
bQM GQGT
dGh !..aQG ``jOhCGh odG gKEG Y o J p G c
x Y oj e q EG !..dG n b n dG o
n j CG hO m gGc hCG m fG Y hCG J
k
n
n
n
x Ip Mh EG
p f WN fh ,rZdG p L Ik HEG Rn Z a Wh
m p e hCG ,U
p qMG p G o
p Y o j a -uYh hO hCG YH
m - Vj Ap Dg !..rDhdG
jNBd me ne fU Gd dLEG Y Yh qHJ zkAGM kWN{
.fWhCG edG p G g GhaG
n p G dBJ H ej m eCG l gL nc EG
,a GOQCGh dEG o G aO e Ga
?zYGO{ Y G GP
dG Y
J FMCG j ``dG ``dP Y jeCG dG Lh e ,IQN
.YGO
a ,ShdG dG G Lh ,HdG G EG dG IOYEG
HM J a .ShCG dG e YGdG d JH q j
eCG j eY ,MG g d j c ,He HdG UGdG
Qd G VQG Lh a .a SdG ddG WQN SQ IOYEH
G U JJ IOYEH de f TGh ,dG ShdG
dH e UGY JHCG dG jdG J jdG ``Lh Yh ,HdG
,hCG QG LGe :adG jg d bQh jeCG dh .jQHh
,hCG QG j hO c YGO e ,fdG G H JJ IOYEGh
.fdG G jh
YGO C`H d gf M Gk S jf a ,dG EG G ``LQEG
J bfGh SCJ c c ke ,jeCG HUCG Y IH d
Y dG fG K ,faCG JadG QSG LG IYdG
dHh .jeCG OG QhU f IYdG OH H Gh ,MdG
Y LhN Y d ,dG M EG YGO IOYEG g dG a
.a CG TGh ZJ dG QG
ubaydli@gmail.com
13
iDhQ
jDhQ
eGSGh YLG dhDG
k YLG dhDG Jo
dGh eG H cGdG CG e kee
G LCd aCG e ApH Hh jObG dG LC UG
e e eGe aKh jObGh YLG eGH YO N e S Y
..q G jdhCGh LMG
GdG j ,YLG dhDG cdG Cq G ,dG Y Zh
jYQh L e dG Ua aJ Y G Ifeh YOh ,jd edG H
k a ,dG HdG GP jQG ebEG EG aVEG ,iNCG L e jG YCG
eT jObG ej
dGh ad jDhdG SDe gQJ
IQGOEG FQ
jdG ``FQ
`` FdG M H ``JM
jdG
24479885 :Jg
info@alroya.info
ObG
233 , 241 :fi
businessdesk@alroya.info
G
239 , 208 :fi
localdesk@alroya.info
VjdG
242 :fi
sportdesk@alroya.info
dU e
23295546 Jg
23202934 ca
salalah@alroya.net
fYG
24479888 :Jg
ads@alroya.info
cGTG
24493701 :Jg
jRdG
Ghima333@hotmail.com
MdG MCG
,H U d dh aJ OGaCG ,dG AGYCGh
IAGdG M g Hh H MdG eG dh
!c AGTh
dG G iJh ,f G iJ jOdG
UGdG FShh dG Y CGbh jCGQh S
AG```dG ``e ```e Q```U G``dhG``J ``M ```Y````LG
QhU QfG ```fCGh H ``LCG ,Hk c hj
fj `` dG ````dG G``g ``e hCG dG
iJ j G HdG JdG Gg g e ;LRW
k
M ef NDj CG e ?XG JdG hCG
f AG``b iS dG e 12 YdG
q e d ,gd J Gg !?deCG
JbJ L
H IAGb J M ,Ije N J Qc
jOdG dhCG C`H j ``dGh hGG G
!iphone6 AGd zjL{ e eCG MGe
d CG Q```c ``eD`Jh ,IdG N J
h ,I`` ` `MGh `````S ``` Y ``S``` dG ````L
eDj ``j``dG ``cCG ``fCG ``H ,f ``e````gG
Qd GhPCG NG d :J dG IQdH
!dG
``` N ``e`` ``` j `````f `` b`` dG ````d
d e G Sh SdG LJ
h ,Ye I```LCG e jG dG
J G``fCG H ek gG J f ``fCGh ,T
Y ``S``` dG ``` ` fG ```V ````dh ,I``` ` G I`` ` LCG
H id jdG dG Gg V dh ,dG
ILCG cGe EG -VG bdG- OGaCG
jLGe fj e c h JGQSh JH
``fq CG O``` ,``j``NBG `` eCG VGSG O``` ;```a
JSCG OGaCG CGh ,QM fEG fCH d Mj
hO dWCG e W j M ,dc jQM
,JeGSG ``H e fhdEG GkR```L ddG
JVGSG e d IQ```U ``d j ``K
h !QG H gdG H GfG
M CG EG j G W CG ``b j
C`c ``fq C ;fi j GkR```L jj CG ``H j
hCG Y e a bdG e e jd d
dG ,dG LGj M UG JLCG e
d ,hDG egGh CG M EG j dG
``jRdGh `YdG
b Y IQU ..ZdG
TdGUf
d
dG
j GP``e dG fY dG Gg dj M
hCG Z fhdEG dCGh ILCG Y ?dM
G``j ``e a ,``` dG Y MfG G`` YCG `` gCGh
Qj G``YCG J ,dW e hCG G``YCG
IM gCGh JQN i``e A``HBG ``e c
T QJ dG g hCG GYCG J ,W
e Y qCG hjh ,j M dH fEc
!IG W d J CG d ILCG
``gQ```aCGh `` NBG ```dG G``N Jh O```J
jeCG `` fq CG CGa ,``` WCG J G
`````S ``` J``` SCG EG Q``` ` ` dG ``d``j ``e``` Y
GOLe j CG ``H Hk c qE` a ,hCG ```eG``YCG
SG ``bhh ,IdG ``dG ```eO QG``L EG
dG dG e L EG L SH Hc
e SG VM dGh cGG T NCJ
jh ,``dP WCG Oj a Th ,QdG
e GAk ``L gQYH dG b EG ``eCG H
IG ``j``dG A``HB``a ;JM e CGj
!dH JG QH dWCG aq j
e aZ d j HdG qCG CGJh
e T fl ATCGh GhOCGh ILCH
ATCG J c ,``g``Zh IAG``` dGh dGh dG
LJ ```bG``j q ` K I`` MGh ``a``Z fj
!d H Ged ;J CG EG W
SCd A``HBG e qE` a ,HdG ```dhO ``eCq G
h ,bh L j GkRL W j j
eh ,iNCG EG d e j qfCG iS cJ IFa
LYRE
k G j a dG j CG iS jZ e
!JLCH dG jdGd
EG jh dG j ``e YS
```a ,``e``f ``TG``a ```M ```aG``j `` dG R``` G
HCG hCG eCG H b d h dBG jdG
h ,j M fM Y J h ,dG b e
LG eCG j M ```Gh ``G
!CG e bh CG M EG
Mh ,ILCG e j e qe c id qCG YCG
dG ````UCG ```dG b JM d ``b``dG
!GkjhQ GkjhQ j dG
24490386 :Jg
!f h GS Y
N fi
ObG
c g HGVG e QJ SCGh ..hQdG LGJ e zG dG{ EG j QhdG
14
hO +S
RjhQ -d
e ObG `a dG LGJ
dG bJ gh hQdG
RjhQ -chH
S hQ``` dG e O`````bG ````dG ```LG``J
g `````SG ````a 2013 `` `NGhCG ```e gJ ``j`````
.AGS M Y d Gh SCG HQCG bJ
ObG dG EG KEG eCG HhQhCG VG dbh
e Q``G dG 99^9 EG df hQdH eJ ``dhO 18
``J``LCG `````SG ``jO`````bG ``b``Jh .``````ZCG 100^6
AG`` HEG f ``` TD` G ``LG``Jh .100 EG j CG R`` jhQ
DhdG e bCG GQb YdG bh F Qh e
.dGh eG Yb b iS dG J h
VG dbh DhdG LGJ YCG b K TDe Yh
e VfG S 0^07 S H UG TDG EG
gh .2013 HcCG e ie bCG gh ZCG 0^16
G ``` b``J `````Jh -d G ``` b``J
e QG dG 4^0 EG -e Y N QSCG g
2013 jO e hdG d QGSG ZCG 6^6
.15^1 M Sh
GQhO 97 Y j zfH{
V U fH H
RjhQ -d
He ,KEG eCG ed GQhO 97 Y fH N f
VG ``` ` SCG S `` dG ``e``Y ``d i`````e `` bCG ``e
dG Qh``dG Ib RYh dG e V fH H
115 ``e dG ``fh .``Vh```G GOG`` eEG IO``jR ``Y LdG
SdG GJdH ```fEG ``KC`J ``Y ``e fj GQhO
dG DWJ ``e h```G YJ ``M ```ShCG dG
.dG Y
QhO 96^43 EG S 57 af J fH S gh
95^60 EG SG ``bCG OY QSCG fGh .ed
.2012 dj e d ie bCG gh S e 24 QhO
Z Se SH ````jCG h``` G ```j``eCG ``G ``LG``Jh
cCG b CG H ed GQhO 93^00 EG S 54 SJ
jeCG jObG fH H VG G j QhO e
OEG-```f dG e ``j``e GhSg ``c ``bh .``j``b
d e VG SCG e dG fdG{ HdG
.zHQCG H EG G j jeCG G OU Obh
RjhQ -d
CG ``` KEG ```eCG ```dh``dG ``b```dG ``d``ch ``JQ```UCG jJ ``cP
2050 Y H AHd Qe cCG J b dG bdG
.FHdG bdG dJ Ge dJ LGJ e YH
(FVhdG) dG FdG fCG CG jdG VCGh
Y H dG AHdG e H 16 EG j e dJ b
H 11 dG ``jQG``G bdG fCG dJ b H 2050
.iNCG
``d``c``d ``j``` ` ` ` dG I`` j`` G `` a`` g `` `jO `` `a `` jQ`` e `` d`` bh
cdG -UGY
YL GOU jdG UQdG dN
S TDe fCG a ,G SCd
Je ```eCG ``e```J OdG ````SCG
S X V fc hGdG b d
Y Y b dS ad eG
.YSCG J dG VCG
10757^4 EG `````H 0^8 ```TD`G ````Uh
Qe 6^3 ``````b hG`` `J ``` Sh ````f
OdG H S ``Y``` JQG O``bh .`` jQ
0^7h H 5^2 S dG hP HSh
AEG SCG OGR c .JdG Y H
QSGh fdG OdGh LGdGh
bh .H 2^8h 0^7 H ch YdG
``c````dG ``d``bh .``` ``H 1^9 J ````S
H AG``` T ``V``` H ``e``` J ``` fEG ``` dG
cT M IO``j``d `` jQ Q````e 1^8
66 ``e H 79 EG d HdG jc
HdG dG EG bJh dM H
G fEG QJ
IG jdG `a
G ``aO ``N``dG IO`` jR ```g```S
ZCG bfEG IO``j``d IG ``j``dG
.jeCG ObG AGOCG Y HjEG dO
fEG q EG eCG jeCG IQdG IQGRh dbh
eH VG dG G 0^5 JQG G
ZCG dG ALh .dj GJ j
SG ```b```dG Se ``e b ``` YCG
```fEG OGRh .```G 0^4 ``gQ``b IO``j``H R``jh``d
ALh .d ah jdG H M G 0^5
OGaCG QNOEG e f e dG Gg H
JQGh .G 5^6 e G 5^4 EG g dG
IOjR H ZCG G 0^3 OdG NdG
e aGe S dG dG G 0^2 H
iJ dG dG Lh fdG RJh .bdG
j ``gh ```dG S ```j``eCG O`````bG CG
OG WMG CGh bW H jJ
dG IFdG QSCG aj ``Q (``c``G dG)
cG TDe ```JQGh .dG AG```M O```dG
fQe ZCG G 1^5 d G
H e VG dG e f dG e
IQGRh jJ H S dG dG Y W
.IQdG
jV VJ dG
dG Y IjL OQGe
````dG EG `` ` eCG ```````dG ``e``` G ``d``b
````dG ``` Y I`` j`` L OQG`` ` e ``` j``` V ``V``` ` ` S
.dM ```SQ S Sh ,jO hCG ``e
hdG be Y H eG dbh
jd jV H e eSQ S fEG
jdG GAG``LEG d dh dG
OQG``G jV jJh .dG fEH G
```j``W I`` a ```e ``e``` G ``` YCG h`` L ```Y
````dG G``` ` ` SG IA``` ` dG IO`` `jR EG ``` Jh
bG AGdG J e j dG
.dG
H Jj zf{
dG jeCG dG
``` ` SC` d ``` S``` ` dG ``` ` f ``` TD` e `` ` `JQG
g R``Y CG ```H ``` KG ``` eCG ```f``H```dG
T ``M dG je ``dG
ObG `` Y IWd jG
I`` Jh ``` SC` H ``` dG ``H``dG ``` j``eCG
hG``` dG ``` MCG ```d .``` dG ````fh ``e``Y
fd jG bJ ``e V fc
``F``X``dG `` `bQCG ```e `````Y A``` H ``c````j
.G ````G ``j Q````J ```dG ````j``eCG
Y `````H 0^5 ````J``e ````f ```TD`e ``` ZCGh
H ``a```S ````S CG EG .````f 16310^64
jG NEG e H 1^2 g Q``c
````JG ``c```T ``NO i```e SG
QO Y PGSd KO bdG
Uh .cG Sd jeCG cQhh
EG H 0^4 bf ``` ShCG HJ ```TD`e
a iL N ee f 1337^30
ie `` fOCG ``gh S Q````e 1^85 hG`` J
.L TDe Uh .S e edG e
d H 0^4 H 400 f-cG.H
.f 12163^84 Y
j zOJQJ OQGfS{
c g `a JY H
``fCG ``` eCG O``JQ````J OQG``f``` ` S ```H ``` YCG
``c ```H ```a````G JY ````H ```Y
We VhCG H ``NBG QTEG M
FQW N a fEG dG VCGh .e
EG bh .Fd eG QGSG d
``FGO``dG BGh BG ``` ` dG ```e ``e``N
H OGhR``c bDe H S jdG
.dc OhhQ Kfh c g IjL
c H dG cdG H fh
hCG KEG j dRe e dH Xe
BG ZCG CG H jfK Je EG gdG
AG``LCG WGdH dG jgG
.WdG e GTGh jG e
RjhQ -IgdG
AGT U S fEG dG ad Y db
hCG EG.`` ` H.BG cd ```H```dG 86 ```cG OG`` `G I`` Mh
``eCG ```G j ``e ``gh QhO Qe 2^1 He ,``H```cCG
.jeCG ae e AY S dG cdG
dG e ``bCG FdG AGdG S CG cdG ``cPh
b J H QhO Qe 2^3 ddGh jj YCG dG
Qe 1^8 f OGS QG eh .INCe GOG``jEGh hG
.SCG IQU bdGh Gf QhO
```e ``a``` ` d ``` e``J AG`` ` `T ``` ` ` U `` ` MCG `` g `` `gh
e cT cCG gQYH OQcH dg Y gPGSG
Q``WEG A``Lh VG dG dG JdG ILC
GjL c J EG.`` `H.BG U EG He J S ```Y ``gO````YG Jh ```````fCG ``j````d ge
OG``G I``Mh CG bj ``fCG ``` VCGh .cT d HS ``bh h .OG``W``H J dG dG JdG
CGh hCG ``` dG QhO GQ``` ` e N 86 ```cG I``Mh S ```fEG jCG ad db ``G ```dG ``e
JdG fCG dG H HQCG e YCG eGg Qe 2^9 He L HdG cdG JGd hQJe
.ad cd dG G``j ``j ad cd dG FdG `` `bh.QhO
15
dG
EG LJ a
QGb h HcCG eCG
zMG AfEG{`d
dG IOdG EG eCG aQ a hDe b
LdG H jeCG IQGOEG e LGe CG ZJ
eR h``L Oj QG``b he Vd ``eCG EG
.FGSEG MG AfE
``YGPE dG LQG ``jRh dG VjQ ``bh
Zf fCG jeCG IQGOEG HCG a U
aH bM dG g H Zf a LGe CG
.dhdG
VhG ie Y dH dG OG CG VCGh
FGSEG CGh Ohe jW EG Uhh J
Jh SdG je jJ SG AdG Z
.NBG EG a SSCG G
aG J EG LdG jf f Yh Fb HJh
jeCG IQGOE` d b e Gg SSCG Gg Y dhdG
VG Gg jhJ ZGQ Z jeCG IQGOEG CG EG
FGSEG e FdG QWEG GQfi j CG ZJ gh
.a H UG KdGh
QGdG he d Ofi Ye AYEG dG aQh
A```fE ```eR h``L VH dH G dG
.hdG eCG EG dG VGQCG MG
CG H fC QGdG h Ye j bh
dP Hh HY OYG j CG jh GG H
H NCj b Ggh YG c e QhdG Y CGJ
b YG J H e QhdG j CG Hh bdG
H ZdG Y dG jdG H g j
g OQCG EG bh .YG J LMG e J
HdG hd G fc QGdG h S e
.eCG
NCj b fCG bdG H NCj b Gg VCGh
```fCG j G``gh Qh`````dG Y ``e ``K``K EG ``Y````SCG
.OdG HcCG T S
LQCG J QfG hjj dG CG hjh
IG jdG SFQ J dG eCG SFd
G j HcCG T dG b a .jeCG
EG ```M ``d ````LQCG ```Jh ````j``eCG ```S``F``dG ```fCG
.e dG bG J LQCG
Sh T 140 YG
Gh OdG H cTG
GQLL jH
YG dG Z WdG EG eCG dhDe b
Y YCG ``N d LQ VJ H T 140
IY e cCG HUEG Y SCG Gh ShdG H
.a be Y IQU f YCG Jh UTCG
GQLL jh gJ dG J dG YCG eGJ
O``e GQ``` jQ``f ````dG AGQRh ````FQ ```H ``` j IQ`` `jR ``e
```j``eCG ````F``dG ``e ```d``N `````j I````G ``j``` d
.jObG dG feEG Y cDJ MQ eHhCG GQH
MJ J T GS Y f O``e ``Xh
UG ITCdG TGh dCG CG H IG ``j``dG
S jdG edG H eJG H 2005 ``Y H
GQ``L``L G````S ```H ``dP b T G`` MCG ``bh
GQLL eM fh .jdG AGQRd FQ c eY
bh cTG Y Id dG ae WT OGaG
GO````dG ```T``fh ``` ` SCG ````e GQGOhO`` ` a ```j``e
eN J h .cTG g bd NdG jdG
HQCG dG FSdGh dG JGdG Y ``f``fEG
WT FQ jcGOGQ .EG bh .jRGMG Ic jCG
LQ VJ H MCG Ae T 140 YG jG
``` jh `````dG ```M````d ``H``` ` G `````j .`````d
EG jG IQGOEH c hDe bh .GYG e GSG
be Y LGhQ b IQU H KEG J HGVG
IA```SEG G ``g```YGh a YLG UGdG
e e ``bCG Y T dCG bh .SEd
.2002 Y GQLL GT SG T G``MCG N
h .````dG ``bh ``Y YJ O``e EG he ```jh
.ihYO jd ac dOCG EG cG UJ
MG Y dH INCG dG YCG Nh
LQ AGOCG j dG JGaf Le S eG
LG Aj .bdGh SGh GdG GSh
G IOe Shg YL T M YCG
MG g cQG e iNCG jdG bCGh
.jdG
bGe VJ fCGh fa
fGchCG QdG WEG bh
fa EG ```eCG fdG ```LQ``G IQGRh db
OL QWEG QW hO GFW f VY fCGh
bh bGe jd HhQhCG hdGh eCG e
.fGchCG QdG WEG
bh b G SH G eQT T c
Fe S G EG jG S e HS
hCG jJ HcCG jGH hCG dG jf JFW
G GOf ehQ bh .M jG Sh
ej U ``D`e fdG ```LQ``G SH
``HhQhCG h````dGh ``eCG e W Y AH
QW hO G``F``W ```J ``` f``CGh ````f``a ``M``bG
ZdG Yh .QdG WEG bh J bGe H
e ```e``G ``b``G Q```dG ``WEG ``bh ```JG ``e
Qe M ``NBGh G H dG dj S
eG GdG Y J dG hdG fhO
EG G`` chCG Y e ``bh .O```dG ```T
dG e NCe bh Gb fGchCG OL S
dfG WCG jb HUCG eY VG
.Q```G ``e ```d``H J ``f``c ``YQ``e L bf
VdG SQJ hdGh eCG e EG GOf bh
h .Q```W hO G``F```dG H ``CG fdG
AL QW hO GFdGh .UdG e Gje cj
.fGchCG G e SJ N e
RjhQ -UGY
de , G WGdG Y dG
CG``dG ``j``M ```Y GO```b VH ``dP ```Y
WG IdG GSGh dGh dGh
```b``e ``` ZCGh A``````dG ``e ``e````dG ``a
.Jjh jJ
Z ``` SQ``` G CG ``` Y ``` ` dG O`` ` Th
Q``eo CG ``` ` Jo `` ` ZhOQC ```WG`````dG
Y ``a``d``H ``````d ```S````S hCG ``b``NCG
J `` ` `fCG `` `` ` VCGh ..`` ` `WG`` ` ``` dG
Jj dG dG LdjjEG Qe
IO``` ` ` SG `` ` ` ghCGh ````````dG ``J``M``` ` H
``d``` ` G `` Y kG``` ` H ``` f``` ` ` dG `` a`` G
``` ` Uh `` `e `` ` `` `dG `` `` ` aQh .WdG
`` `dhO `` ` Y `` `c`` `dG `` `f`` `G J`H
Y J ``fCG Ie ,HdG GQ``eEG
LQG dWh .HdG h``dG FS
e dH hdG Gh IG CG
YH ed e hdG ``Yh ``ZhOQCG
jCdH AGS HgQEG Jh YL
VdG d AGjEG hCG jdG hCG SdG
JJh .G T d QGVEGh
G Y e cJh e H bdG
cdG - IgdG
``j``` ` G `` ` `LQ`` G IQGRh ``` ` ` ` SG
W `` LQ `` c`` dG ``` ` F``dG ``` j``` ` J
ObG iG YCG aG ZhOQCG
I````G CG ````a ``` ` fG ``` dGh ````` dG
.e Y HfG dS
EG `` ` `eCG ``` d ``` H ,`` ` `LQ`` G `` d`` bh
UJ ``e ``bCG cdG IO````dG bGe
``f``Y``d``H ``` ` ` Jh ``` f``` e `` bG`` e ``` fC` H
Jh dhdG GYCGh ddG Jh
``ch .jd h`` dG G JJ
YCG MaG N MCG ,AJ ZhOQCG
,``````SEG `````dG O`````bG i````G
SG G g IG CG e g
Y c ```H```fG ```a j `` dG
G c AdE e g CG e
``` G `` ` `fCG CG ..`` ` `WG`` ` ``` dG ``` d``H
`` ZhOQCG EG ```f```H ```LQ``G ``d``bh
`` eDhCG ```c GPEG `` ` ZhOQCG ```W ``L``c `` fCGh ````fCG ``e ``jQ``` ` G ``H``` ``U``G
.?jOGSG
Y aGGh WGd GQ fCG Yj fe NBG CG SCG a WGdH
Sh JSQ CG HdG HdG GQ``K G EG GUh ``j``dG ``e ```JGP IQdG e ``f``c GPEG eCG `` `ZhOQCG ``` VCGh
c ````H ``g G`` ` YCG ``g ``N ``` NG``dG
.WGO Z H ,NBG H Ga a JHN AdE d
cdG - IgdG
fd `````LCG G``` dG OG`````SG ``e .Q``` G `` b ``` ` eCG ``````J ````f ``L``g
Oe V dG OGTG eh OdG e .dG Y dhDG dW cM YCGh
.dW cM a ``dG ``b``dG dG A``Lh
dW cM dG Y Tf c h
SGe Q Hc dG Qc
KOfi EG fG jNBG jOeh Sh .jQSdG dG dG Y AGOCG
YCG e Y e ``cC M Vhh S SM bh GRc e N SFdG
FQ hCG H `````f```aCG
j Q````fGh ..G````S 10 e e
HH f
RjhQ - Hc
hCG H ``` eCG `````f```aCG MG
TCG iOCGh GS Y e jL FQ
bG eM ``SCG``d dG dG Y
fG ```a ``` `` dG ``b``dG S
.SM GQNG LCG GdG e
d WGO fG hCG j h
UdG j h S faCG jQJ
H EG I`` Mh ``e```M J ```Y ``` J
c YCG HfG CH GQT SG RCe
G Y G Y aeh dG Y ``e
.a gRa
FdG ``LG``J dG cd RG``HEG h
Qe ``b Q````fG ``bh ``j``G ``` aCG
FbO b eCG Hc faCG UdG
e gT ``bh dG dG Y AGOCG e
j h .```G L iCGQ ``fEG R``jhQ
.GUCGh Gb jdG UTCG OY
jQfG EG ``eCG G``b OG``aCG ``MCG ``bh
16
,SDG ac e J AdG MW
hdH OTCGh ASG hO UG dG
g ad M Vd ``JQGR``dG JHCG ``dG
G g J j CG eCjh jdG
dG S gC Gk f LdG jdG
.SDG ac dG
IYG I`````dG ```e BG f ``cQ````Jh
eG H dGh IOG d
dG j GAdG g gCG CGdG
jEG gQhOh SDd cG dGh
QG ac YJh ,SDe c LMG
Qh`` ``e dG `````SD`G ``Hh```e ``e
cCGh ,ce jdG CG Y dO AdG
gG g jdG g Cq H K Y fCG
OjE ``eCG ghjh ``JQGR``d``H dhDG
LJ c ,jb m`` d SG ```G
MJCG dGh IQO```dG ``g Y IQGR```d dH
hP e TG UGdH SDd UdG
.LGJ dG jdG ac b CdG
e j SQd dG G
gDe e Y d ``gh (P````SCG)
OcCGh Y eSEG d GQcdG
G Vd dBG OjEG j ,Ie
d ``j`` ``e k ``H dG ``` dCG M
.OcCd dG jG ``MGh
SD dG d VG Gg dMEG
jd dH ``` U``G ``` dG ``````dG
d ``````e G``` ` ` SG ``` ` G ``F``X``dG
dhDG iC` JQG AdG jf h .Jh
hDH dhDG ``e ``NBG Ad Y IQGR``d``H
GQSG H b GRG``Gh IdG
QG`` ` `UEGh `` e`` bEG `` ``M``` ` ` ` ` SGh
SQdG dU H G Y O```TCGh .GTCdG
e H ```d``Gh `` `jQGOEG hD```dG ``j``e
jJ gCGh cG GAdG g QhH
dG `````SD`e ``MG``bGh ``j``h AGQBG
`````H QG`` ` `dG ``` ` UC ``````G `` ` dG
dG jdG ZCG Cq G JG M ,G
q ``dP H .G G``g L
dG ``W
,``F``G Gh`` dG OYH dG ``gh ```dG
OcCG dG W J M
J UG dG dG SDe H
id FG GhdH j fLCG OcCG
edG idG IQGRh H ,SDG J
dGh fodG d FG GhdH dG
edG e gZ hCG OcCG a j
SDe CG EG .i`` NCG SDe dc ``
SGQdG GH W iJ dG dG
J J LG hCG SjQdd AGS
LGJh .``F``G Gh``d``H a hCG ```O``cCG
Q``WEG G``g h ,dG G``g SDG ```ZCG
hDd edG idG IQGRh ch IOS VhCG
d Yb SCG IQGRdG Cq G dG
d VG Gg eh e ac
e SDG LMG ``YG``j ``f``b Q`` WEG
.IfG OcCGh OcCG QOGdG
q c
dG dGh dG Ve W
jDhdG - e
jjH dG dG IQGRh bf
``` eCG ``` U``G ``` ` ` dGh ```e````d ``e``` dG
dG `````SD` ```e```dG ````J ```V``e
G GAG`` LEG VSGh UG dG
````V```J ``` dG ``j``` ` dGh O``` ` dG G`` g
IQGR``H dhDG ``e e Ad ``N ``dPh
dG dG SDe h edG idG
H G Y Q```c``dG IOS QH ,```U``G
```dG dG IQGRh ```ch ``eQ````dG ```
ch edG N H M QcdG IOSh
IO````Sh ,````dG hD```d ```e```dG i``` dG IQGRh
FQ G VY H QcdG dG
AGY ``e O``Yh ```LQ``G ``jRh e I``FGO
dhDGh UG dGh eG ASDhQh
.edG idG IQGRhh dG dG IQGRH
ed edG jjG H AdG CG``H
H Oe Q```c``dG ``g```dCG ```U``G dGh
NGd YG dG jG ``KQ``G Y
OTCGh QH a MQ dG eGh
dGh SG O``` Gh ``F```dG hdH
idG IQGRhh dG dG IQGRh H G
`` jQGOEG GAG`` `LEG J S ,edG
``LG``J ``` dG ``j``` ` dG ``e ``j``` dG ``` d``Jh
AL AdG Cq G EG Q```TCGh .dG SDG
,IQGR`` ` `dG `` H ``c``` ` e ``Y``` ` LG I`` Y ``` H
edG jjG edG idG IQGRhh
jdGh d edG jjGh d
b ``g```j ```dG ``M``` Gh AGQBG d
G QeCG UG dG dG
H VSG ``dP H .dG fGH
bEG G Y N U H
JG Gb
A```eC ``Vh``Y ```J fdG G h
````dGh ``H``` dG ````G h`` H ````W``dG ``` ` dG
JG GH G VGG e kGOY dhJ
``` dBGh `````f```dG ````eh ````W``dG ````dG ``H
``j`````dG ``` ` W``dG ``` ` dG ``` Nh ,``` ` ` ` ` dG
G VGSG ```c,GR``EGh fCGh
WdG gCGh WdG dG feh UdGh
H hd G ``aBGh ,J c
h``d fdG eh WdG dG
. dGh G hdG
QhdG AdG ```YCG dG U UGJh
hdG dBH G dG GQhCG e OY VH
,bEG fdG eh WdG dG H
.jdG beh
HG QHh fdG gf - e
GG N /jJ
bEG G jDhQ
TdG G e kGOY hCG dG J
``Vh``` dG `` e ``Y``` ` e ``Y``` `` ` `MG ``` dG
Q`` ` WEGh ,`` Mh`` d`` H ``` ` G `` ` jDhQ ``M``W ``` dG
Gh jQG fCG gCGh ,JGSEG
``fBG CG`` `H ```M ,``` ` G ```U`````NG ````
MhdH bEG fdG e Ije dhH
`` jDhQ EG ```a ``b``` Jh hCG ``V``` dG ````H
``L``dGh AdG H J dGh G
gd GQ``` dG hP dG ```U``Nh G
adGh dG ``N ``e ```G O`````bG
VSG c ,``e````Gh ````JGh ````dGh
dGh ``H```dG ````G h`` d ````G ```g````e
A``` cCG ``` X``e ``e ``e````e ````e O`` `Lh ``` e
bW O``Lh e Y e S e hdH
H eb K ,edG YdG d HK
e ```dGh JCfh H jJ bS ``dP
LM ``H`````SG ````gCG QhOh ,O`` `Lh
cGe N e JGSEG Vhh GdG
G QhO ``Y ``j``G ``f```H ,G`````dG ``g
Vh IjG UdGh JdhDeh ,bEG
dG jdG dP H bJh ,JGSEG
dH zadG{ a fCG Y j dH eL ah
G S - dG
fCG dH eL W e ah QGR
jdG Oe H M QcdG aGj
dG ```H```eh ``````dG ````b ````FQ
IQ aZ a SEd edG jjH
dGh dG a Y YUh
QH adH G dhDH adG
jdG O``` dG ``` MCG ``H ``` TGQ ``e ``c
SQdG ``c ``H MdGY ``H ```S``jh
.dG IQGOEG AYCG
SGQdGh HCG QWEG IQjdG JCJh
dH eL e W N jj dG
e OY M jOG fCG jQH
FSQ V dG a YdG
``g `` N ```fh`````j dG LG
``Y``` V``G ``e ``j``` dG hd ,IdG
Jh eN adG Qh``H bdG GP
adG OLh UG ````dG SDe
O``` ` ` bG G`` ` G ``````Jh ``j``` J
M jG EG aVEH aG NGO
gCGh ad O`````bG ```V``dG
Mf e bEG iG Y G d
LG G``g UJh Ff CG T h ,i``NCG
WdG ````dG Y Y k`H```jEG J ```S
WdG dG E`a ,``NBG fL eh ,G
j CG jH a , fd G jdG g
fdG ``Hh WdG dG ``g H hdG
``Y``dG `` N ``e ``L``G ````dG d k````S
LJCG fEa g eh,cG eGdGh,OG
k ``` `````f````d ``j``` ` dGh `````dG ```d```H
g e cQG Y MhdH bEG e
J KCG dH e d jQhdG YLG
AYCG h``dGh G eGHh Nh SS
.AGS p M Y
G dG
dG H hdG gCG EG HdG QTCGh
dH WG G G CG GcDe WdG
```M``G ``` ` dGh ``a``` ` dGh ```H```d ````W``dG
dG kL ``q `e J G h ```gG``dG
``LC OG aJh iDh``dG MJ f
,AGS mM Y cG aGgCGh UG aGgCG
JGSEG FcT QhO gCG IYGe e
Y dGh ,fdG e S ;Y f
EG ,```G G``g dG G``G e IOSG
g G AdG Gg QhdG Y e VdG
e ie Y G dG Ie He
jZ J QeCG N e dPh ,dGh G
dG LMG Y dG gRHCG e ,gCG
Uh ,fdG J `` WdG
jDhdG -QX
g AG``Nh G AYCG bJ
(SQA)jSCG `` gD` `G
G fGG M QG e
,``f``` ` eGh ``H``dG ````d``H
iDhQh GQ`` ` `` `` `H A`` ` `` `dG `` ` `Nh
````dG ``` f ``j```J ```fC``T ``e
.dH ``f````eGh ``H``dG
IOe GAd FGdG jdG Yh
``` ` ` Gh `` ` SQG`` ` G `` `j`` `e `` `e
jQdG dG AYCGh ``FGhCG
17
He
fi f
``M ```d
dGG Y H dN
Y H G q``e dG dGh cQG ``jCG ``g f fEG
eh ,G P T GG G T e hCG IdG jCG gh
jCG ``g fMhQ f M fQYCG G ``eCG CG G a
e YGfCGh Jje ac Y G a fh gQb fh
e YdGh aGdG e QcEGh Y aGh FGd jOCJ
G EG HJ dG YCG e gZh Md Uh bUh U
.dR
LJ YCG fq Ea G d Y jCG g fc GPEGh
GfCG jh ,SG YG Y jh G ja AGOCG EG
jdG jdG dG AL e M jdG OD`jh GOdG
gh (Se q Y h``N) j Sh Y G U Sda
Lj h d gfh HdG ``e dG Y I``JG```e SG
EGh G AdG H G Se jOCJ c N g
CG OY Y G MQ eh ,H e Jh GOLG g
.MQ AdG NG L
h `````dG ```b I``` c GOG``` ` ` SG EG ``` ````j``a `` Gh
b d OGSG dG jh SG jOCJ AKCGh dG
Lh ``j``ZCGh He ``e gSCG ee ``c AGH dG
ddG M aj Hh ,SSCG QeCG e fLj e
eCG Ea jG dG FSH Y G j CG Hh dG h
Zh dG dH f CG EG e j h S UCG
hCG jdG j Q dG QdGh QeCG H Y dG
g c Gg e ``gCGh ``NCG OGSG jh ,GQG M
G H j CG j e Y ``WGh aGh dH dG
Y j G E` a ````e ``g ```ch ,````dG ```S```G ``jOC` J
kHS N H N eh ;Y Y j ``EGh L
jh ``f``G GH j jdG SCdh ```G H CG
J JCGb de gh G UCG Y H
(f j fEG j CG f j fE c)
d j CG feEG jd d UCG G UCG H qCG
H j e bCGh ,j AdG ba dG eG
Teh Le aH j h d dGh cCG aJ g
a dL Y SG OD` jh ``G ga d ``YGhh
a jh ,Y g e Y Lj h deh Lh M Y
a M e) Sh Y G U G a j dGh G
dGh IdG Y bh (``eCG Jdh c LQ j hCG aj
EG AGL d d QhG Gh H IQq c IdG EG IdG)
.(G
Y G``dC` ` ` jh G``````j CG ``e``Y `````d `` ``e a
EG G```L``j ```M ;I``` ch I````U ``ch ````bG``eh ``f``cQCGh ``G
Ghj CG fdG d IYOh ,d GQk e gOH
Y J ```dGh fdG ``G H ``q `f```eEGh GQ```e ``e
Gg `` jQCG h ```M``dG ````V ``e`` I```c ``d```e ``e```G
fGL IQL OL e dG eqJ e cPCG CG G
gh eJ dG bG fGG e ``MGh fL cP OOh H
jG j adG Gg c M OTQEGh AaEGh YdG fL
dG IFdGh dG eG jEG Ic OL IQG
OG g ej BG gh dEG Gj CG GYSG e d
bW gYh G QeCG J feCH jh eG e
jdG OTQEGh AaGh YdG gdG G dG e
h eG HJ (dG) J e k dM hLGjh
.e c HQCG e cCG MCG a G Y J
EG ``g``j CG OGQCG GPEG dG qEG ``L``G ```NCGh ``G ``NCG
j G OGQCGh Ve GPEGh aG j fEa dG
Y jdG jOCJh IOdGh jdH eCG J GPEG a aG
IH dG qCG e gGh QGYCH Qf dG Vj dG LdG
dG QG``YCG e gZh dEG UdG j ``Gh kY
UGG FSh e c 4 hCG 3 aa L e J h J
AaGh O`` ` TQEGh ``Y``dG ``ah qEG ```c ,e h I````H d
ia hCG QSG jd T CGh W GPEG cQhj CG e
PEH dG OdG JCSh Cjh Jg YS aj CG EG Y a
e gJ CGh Jc J CG G YOCG dG M ..G
.Y H M GkZh M H Y da CG
e f h IOdG NCGh q dG MCG G jq CG
,dH Eq Gh H J GOda ,dG eG NCG
gh HMC j CG dSdG g j e d fh
ej dG G jdG OLh e UN SG QjdG
Hb A````Jh hj d (BG ``` JGh) ````dGh dG
.H ddG G fY eGOh eOh ,H
Khalid1330@hotmail.com
jDhdG - e
G ``e hdH ,dG M e f
YSG SGQO ,dG j fOQCG G
q G ``e O`` Y ``````dG ``M`````dG ``j````d
.d HdG
d IQjH ,H AGG e ja bh
dG ``q ```G ```d``N QGR ,`` `jCG 3 `````SG
M ;dG MdG gjJ G
bGGh FNCG e OY SGQdG QT
.dG M e e IG hP e
feE eT QJ Vh SGQdG q Jh
UN ``e aGj `` ,IO`` ``bG``e jJ
ce A``` ` fE` c ,````````d ``` ` dG QEGh ``` G
IQdG e IMe H eJ AfEGh QGhR
Feh ``j``H G`` Jh ,q fdG jdG
Fc a J dG G UNh jMh dG FSd QJ Vhh ,gOJQG QGhd
.HdG Ydc VGfH IOe M jCG GMEG hO dG bGG EG Ud MG
IQGOEG G G cQe SGQdG Jh
q h .q G Y q S GKCJ
eGSG SGQO
jdG JYU jJ ``N ``e q G JQGOEG Wh aG G FMCG dG
Y ``W```T ````
Z ``` ` U ``` f``` ` ` ` dG
adG jH AHQCG
Fa `` ` e `` ` `` `` `dG
,jG ``W``` ` dG
G`` ` ` ` `e `` ` ` ` `Y `` ` ` ` ` `dPh
dG ``VG``` ` ` SG
dG `` ` `O`` cC` `H
WdG ````d ``S``H``b
M `` `Y`` jh .ih`` `` ` H
V Qc e OY QH ,dG YG dG Y H M IOS jdG
.jG QeCG AdhCGh fdG Y WT
jDhdG - e
T e a WT IOH FG dGh jdG IQGOEG gGO
L e GaGh N V Y SCG ,TH jH jG e S
fdG Y WH hDe Qe cPh .IQYdG SQ e jSBG
Y G e UTCG OOJ UQ H G Y dG iL fq CG
dGh jdG IQGOEG dCG ,NBG fL e .IQYd fq CG JG T
jSBG L e T Y dG e a WT IOH FG
de Hh ,TH ``jh ddG HhH Q``Gh IR```G H
.N LLR 100 e cCG JRH V
QH zadG U{ M Y M N cQe 40
a IQhV ``cCGh ,cG b SL
fGd ``e``` T ````k ` ` a `` SQG`` G `` W
YLGh dGh dGh q G
LdG G`` g qCG EG G`k `` ` e ,``` ` SGQ`` dGh
Yj ``gG``G ````U J ```Y ``e````dG
jh ```bG``d ee IQ```U ```SQ
aj `` ,``c``` ` ` dGh ``` ` ` dG ```````G
c IQGh FbdG d UdG
.dG hCG dG adG
GVG ````dG GQhCG i`` MEG ````b``fh
a I``j``Y VG K M ;MdG
FSh GSG ch ``YEG ``KC`J ``Y
jJh ``F```S``dG ```f ``j``G `` `YEG
QcdG h```J H .``Y````LG ``HG``dG
bdG ``` ` ` dG ``` V``e ``` `` ` `H`` HCG
Lh Qe IQcdG `` qeCG .G``blCG Vh
dG LddG G````dG ``Y Ka
edG ``` ` ` ch ,``` gG``G I``` ` ` d ``
,jdG IQh``` d ```M````G ``VG``YCG ``e
dG VGYCG Th IdG fCW IQhVh
YdG ISCG QhOh ,dG H MJ
QcdG h .JHh FHC YGdGh
SQG dG b ````FQ Y ```a``J
FN ``cPh ,gGG Ia Y bQh
GVGh ``SQG````H dGh gGG I``a
.OG dG
jDhdG - e
jDhdG -QX
b GY /jJ
GDGh GhdG YH eCG NG
M dG ed edG jjH
SQG dH ed jQJ Y
f `` ` `dGh ,z`` ` `a`` ` `dG ``` ` U{ `` ` M
eGh ,``j``j````H ````SQ``G dG b
.ed
VGh AWCG e 40 G Mh
jh SQG dH edG
,dG GQhCG e jdG dhJh .aG
e ``g``` ``e `` `gCGh ``` gG``G I`` a `` M
GJ aGj ,jS L h GJ
J dGh ,YLGh Yh jfG
HJ ```Y ``` F``` dGh I`` ` SCG ``e `````J
QhO dG GQhCG ``cCGh .adG Jh
q YLGh VjdG fCGh SQG
SQG `````fCG ``Y```Lh `````a``dGh
jJh dG AH UdG fCGh
.GQG
a GVG dG GQhCG VSGh
Gg VY M ;````fG fh ``c``G
FNCG ````d Q`` e IQ``` c``dG ``` V``G
SHb dG cdG dG
eSCG Q```c``dG ``V`````SG ```c ,``d```U
G e J HGdG jH
zj`````dG ````T{`d GOG```SG
jDhdG -HGdG
HdG QTCG e d SG M HGdG jH UGJ
.jdH QGGh dG dGh idG
T a GOG`````SG HdG Q````TCG ````h dG S `` dGREG ````G Th
jdG qCG HGdG jH Ye je dG Sj cCGh .dG Gd G OQGeh jdG
YCG dd gOGSGh Wf UGJ e ,G dG UGe Y U
eG SDGh G dG e hdH dPh ,dG Gd G OQGeh jdG T
.gCGh
jQG ebEG a ,G ac dM M GkOL J jdG qEG dG bh
,d dG dG b e j e Y G j e ahh ,IaG feEG ah
M J UGJ jdG qCG VCGh .jd QOe OjE gL iQb J dGh
dGREG UGe EG G
k e ,jdH ``YEGh YdG AYCG N e SGdG YdG
e hdH -e YQGG UNh -gCG dG Tfh .bGG gG c
jdG qCG VhCGh .hCH hCG e dG j M ,MGh be G d jdG
M dG S `` d ,UG GQ``q ```dGh dG ``e JfeEG ac S
.jdG gCGh UG dH fSG j c ,adG
:dG b ,G Gg FdG aGh jdG d GOGSG UGJ ``Mh
,UG dG LQh dhDG eh FYCG ach G dG e fL iQb f{
cCGh .dG da ``N jd ae H d ,eG SDG e hdH
AW MJ fL EG adGh eG jQG H ``e``bE jdG S dG
G ``fG``G Y cdGh ,gG ``dGRE LG ``bG``G Heh jQdG G
EG k L J dG YG QOGdG OLh eCG Y YCGh .AMCG c edG adH
f fL EG G MGQ Y jdG e UM
k ,G dG h ,jdG e L
.HH ae LQO Y Gh RdG T
He
18
z`bdG L H{
G``e ```j
Q``U HGH h`e
dG M QU
HdG VjQ - e
e hCG eCG YLG dG IQGRh MG
aM 13 H VH G gCdGh dG ce
gCdG eN j jdG bYEG hP d
IOS jYQ ,bG WCG gCd AadG cGe
OY QMh ,dG IQGRh ch G N H Uf
UG dG SDe h IQGR`` dG hD```e ``e
,YLG dhDe e Ac aH YJ dG
ddG ``j``YQ ``c``e Q``` ` Gh ``` G `` YGQ QGR ```c
.eCG ceh
IQGRh ch G Q``H H j QcdG IOS ``cCGh
ddG jYQ ce IQjR gCG Y YLG dG
M e ,M ``eh ```jCG ```WCG eH G
eGh jYdG e c L EG LH H AdG
Gg OGaCc H J dG fCGh eGdG Jh
g qEa L e dG d j e c eh ,G
.UGG G e e
G Y bdG J JQjR qCG JOS VhCGh
d j dG G eCJh gCdG fL hG
EG ```S``J e ``f``c ``e```H ,Se H `` G
dG dG H MG dG Yd da j dG G
Y j `` fq CG dG ``VG``eCG ``e``Y U
VjdG SQ ``dPh dG U jJ
Y Gh ,dG AGdG hJh ,fH
dG Gh dG d dG G
Z WCG hJ HG h ,dH d
e I```c f Y ``` ```dG dG
WN GOY JCGh hddGh gdG
VGeCH HUEG f e jj Ndc
.zdG
ddH G dG cQG OTCGh
q gCH ``S```dG ``Yh ``j```J ``g````J ``` dG
jbdG J M ,dG U Y aG
``H``` UEG `` W`` ``` ` ` d `` ` `dG ``` ` aCG
IG `` CG ```J``H ``dPh dG ``VG``eC`H
.q dG
fl e jOhCG d M
``V ``a Q```TCGh ``dG
jDhdG - V
SQGG Wh ``j``dG ``gCG ``e hdH V jH f
f ``e `` `jOhCG ```` `` dGRE ``a```f M ````gCG ``` dGh
fCT e dG jdG Ge GSHh QTCG e gZh
J ```dG G ``e dG c H gJ CG
M V dPh ,WGG QGe dW dG FGG e jdG
G OQGeh bEG jdG IQGRh J dG edG adG
WeEG) Sh Y G U G b gQT j dGh
aK ````S``J EG ````G ``` Jh .(``b``` U ``j```dG ``Y iPCG
QhO RG`` HEG EG ``a```VEG ,``a``c G ``FG```T Y ``e```dG adG
Y aG eG N J JdhDeh ``WG``G
q eG SDGh gCG q G QhO jJh ,edG adG
hdG e Jh edG adG aK OjEG UGh
GQOG J EG G J c .``e```Gh ``WG``G ``H
.edG adG Y G YGHEGh
jH H J dG ddG e jdG V G JCJh
Geh GVG dP edG adG M N V
Wh RG Hq d jYdG Gh ``jOhCGh ``aCG J
.SQGG
dG GOdG h ,S U IM
.dG VGeCH HUEG f aJ dG
,da I``Y Y G ```dG jh
S `` M ```````J GQ``` ` ` e ``jR``J ````e
Ve ``e``bEGh ,dG ``VG``eCG ``e ``j``b``dG
,dG Vh ,RdG Sb eN j U
gQYH dH dG e Sb dch
EG ``a```VEG ,````dG U ```Y ``KD`J ``eG``Y
J ``cQ``````d ````W IQ``````SG ``a``J
dH dG jdG M GOTQEGh Ff
.dG VGeCH e W QOc ej
G
N ``H Q```c``dG ``bh
J dd dG q ad hCG G
FQh
jGdGh
dG ``VG``eCG QSG
f ``` dG ``q ````dG `````SD`G
dG
dG
H dG b
U ``` Y ``` G ``` ` gC` H ``Y``dG IO`` ` jR
jGdGh
dG
VGeC
G J{ MaG
VGeCG Q``` NCG ``e ``S``q ` dG ``j``h ````dG
FdG ddGh dG OY - e
adG dGY /jJ
IFGO dG IQGRh eCG MG
H jG Z VGeCG aeh bGe
jdGh SdG Oj dG dG dG
e e hdH Y c e S e
GQ`` ` ` NG) Q``` ` T `` ``q ` ``` dG ``` ` ` dG
dU dPh (U d d dG
jh .``````dG H ``````SG
q dG EG jCG HQC j dG MG
VGeCG ``M `````dG G``````G `` NBG ```Y
QNCH cQGh QG Yh aQh ,dG
QfG e d dBG OjEGh dG VGeCG
JG Y cQG Jh ,dG VGeCG
fhdEG eG f q dG Ge VJ zSEG{
jDhdG e
IQGRH h``` dEG d G jdG Y
S ``H ````j ```S``F``H ``` eCG ``Y````LG ``` ` SEG
dG `` `Y `` j`` e `` ` YC` H ``F``` dG ``` M``dG
G ```dG ```dG A```SDhQ QHh ```SGQ``dGh
jah ``` fh``` dEG `` e`` G ``j``` J ``j``a ``e
b dG IGQOEG ``j``ah h``` dEG i````G
eG fCG J f IQGRdG Ge
eJ ```dG ``e``G i`````e ```Y ``q ` fh``` dEG
.SEG IQGRh
jdG dEG UJ e NBG be LG Th
jQGh ``` fh``` dEG ``e``G ```K``J ``
LQG jQG fL EG gJ QG dG
jgG ``j``` Jh h`` ` `dEG q` ` ` dG ``` N
CG eDG e dGh MGh G J eNh AdG Y bG jdG RHCG VSG q h
d GAG``LEG H Sg IO``YEGh fhdEG
eOdG IdG N TJ SEG IQGRh CGJ Yb Y dG ch eG J eN Y WGG M j REG Ia
.fhdEG eG e Me M Y YLG ``` ` SEGh `` ` VGQCGh Q````dG `````dG
. Ia bCG h jh dH IQGRdG
L a ````dG G ```Y
IQh`` d ```H````dG ``````L ``` eCG ```b````dG
SFH hCG I``` ` d ``` dG O``` ` fG
Ff SdG TGQ H eY H GY
AYCG Q`````Hh ````dG `````G ````FQ
.G
eh LQG VGG LG bfh
HJ c .SOdG G OYG
FG ``V``` dG ``` ` dG `````G A``` ` YCG
GY SG QH QU HGH h
,YdG QU e Y je G
dG Y H Sj FG VdG bh
jd bdG cd dG jG
dG h``` ` G ``H Q``` ` ` ` SGh Q``` ` dG
He ``e `` dCG 220 Me ```Y S
dG ``e``Gh YdG QU
eY aGh jd hG eS
Y Q ce Y FGMG EG aVEG
. mY ie
q h
OhO`` `dG `` SQG`` J ``` ` LG `` `N
IQGRh OQh dG hDT IFGO e IOQGdG
gCG AYEG UH JGh dG
EGh ``e dG ```SQ ``e e ``jh
bEG ``j``` ` dG IQGRh OQh I``j``G
WG EG fG UH G OQGeh
q YdG ````NG``dG `` bhh YdG
WGh ``q `````dG ``W``` G IQO``` ` dG
jQdG dG
TG dG ```V``e G ```b``fh
EG L b e e Vd
J dGh e a e
dBH `````dG IQGRh i`` d ```S````S O`` Lh
bfh jG dM e M dG
aG LMG V UG OdG
ebEG Gh dG dG jd
JeN aH G SCGQ HH U Cae
Jeh ````S ``` S ```Y j ````H
jOd `` `` ` eh R`` ` ` h `` ` ` ` jQGOEG
.G IdG N Jh
zIgdG H{h ..
G bj
IjG dG
dG Uf -Y
H ```M ``H ````S `````dG IO````S ``SCG``J
IgdG ``a`` `````dG ``d``e BG ```
dG ```````d ``H``` ` dG ``` ` LG ``` eCG
,G A``` ` YCG ````L Q`````H ```a`````H
fSEG ``` ` ` G `` e kGO`` ` `Y ``` b``fh
h .````Vh jh ``Y ``j``H I``j``G
FQ dG IOS ``MQ ````LG ``jG```dG
gOL d kGcT AYCG H G
q c ,G YCH bd dhG
N
QGbEGh HdG G VGSG LG
AYCG VSGh ,G A````YCG b ``e
fCH Gh`` ` `JGh IOQG`` ` ` dG OhO`` ` `dG ``` ` ` G
.SG GQGdG
jJh ```` ``` e `````G ```b``fh
T ```eh G GQ`````dG H ``b``e
eG ``W ``` eh ```S ````Y ``j``W
Ve ````b```e ``f``L EG ,`` Y ``j``H
jH jdG jdG Oe OGeG
e be EG `````G ``` Jh ``Y
aCG f{ WdG IhdG UJ J
.zq G SQG
19
He
SQGe 10 W cQ zQdG d{ jYJ e J zbhCG{
dG G S
AjgCfk Dej
G Sj - e
L bhCG{
bGe jJ zbdG
Le Ad Me
YdG - QU
jdG hDdGh bhCG IQGOEG je QGR
N H Se bdG L a
jh IQGOEG e e jah SdG
Gh `` e ``Y``` ` LG I`` `Y ``` ` d I``` ` e
bGG jd YCGh dGh Ie
eGGh LG e OY Ad MG
``` aG``` G O`` ` ` ` `HCG `` ` ` ` `SGQOh `` j`` d`` H
j ```j ````S```SCG ```Y ```dG fdGh
J ```dG O``` G Q`` WEG ``dPh ,``bG``G
d jdG hDdGh ``bhCG IQGRh H
.aH LG
UQh FdG LG dG jYh
e ````j``dG QOG``` dG ````dGh ```J``L````MG
YdGh GTGh dG BGdG e
e ```dG Q`` eCG H b ```L``Gh
.jJh dH AJQG fCT
af QJ e a M ch ,GdG
,YG aGh AGQBG a dOJ ``ch
``d```eh QB` ` e ``e ```a `````d ``ch
d j CG H M c ddh ,IOe
cQG ``jCG ``g TdG ``e bh
Y ``H``Jh ah ``gQ``b ad
e ```MGhQCG Oa JGN SG
G FT Jh J Y AdG
q zdG J{ e ja
IgdG `a IG aG dG jQe Y j
``j``e ```T````dG ``` h ``` ` V``jQ ``a````e
(8-7) ``` S``` SCG d ````dG ``` SQ``e
SQ I``j``e I``Y````e G fh
```Yh (10-5) ``` S``` SCG ```````d AG``` ` U
FdG IQ`` fh ```Y hCG e FdG
VjQ e YdG Ufh Aja e
`` ch .````V``jQ e G A`` h
HdG dG IFGO je jdG SG
``j hCG ``j```dG QGRh ,I``g```dG H
QY ```SQ``e ``K jjd ``j````dG G
VY ```M ```S```SCG d ```S``j ``H
```H````G ``` U``Nh ``` H``` dG GO`` ` ` LEG
SQe IQ`` jR ``` dG ````U `````Sh dG
H ASCG SQeh SSCG d e
.SSCG d Y
CG d WdG dG e fh
e YdG dG g J
````jQ```dG GQh`` ` ` dGh `` TQ`` dG ``` Jh
``Yh .``` e``Gh `````dG UN
d ```` jQ``J GQhOh `` TQh ``e``bEG
``d``b ,```````dG ``` a`` ````
SDc ``c``f ``jQ```G A``jQ IQ```c``dG
jQdG ``f``G Y dH e
```U`````NG ``` f `` Y ``` j `` gh
Vh ```c ``````d ````W``dG `````dG
Y ``` c``dG `` gh ``````dG ``` S``G
Lj G j dG jQdG fG
G dG N Se ``bG``c
``jQG`````SG `````d ```f```dG ```J``a
EG ``` H `` `b`` `dGh ``` H``` ` ` dG `` b`` ` `dG
.dEG f dG dG ie
dG o dG jOdG TJ zdG H{
R``HCG ``c ``dG IdG dG Hc ``e QG````e
``e``YEGh ``J```dG O````j ```c ,dG `` gOGhQ
e ``c ``bh ``H````dG ``e QG````e FdG ```
c ,Y dG HdG d SDG G
IjH dG G Y GS Id ```TCG ``fCG
Y IOh ``e ```M``G ```J JT `` ```Y
.O FGhdG Jh ,fdG UdG e Ic
HdG ``e I```U```G H ``Y ```KQ``G ``N``L
. FGhQ Y e cCG eb M
fG EG N iH G Ije dbh
OdH G ``eCG e jOdG EG
M ,``j``````d ```W ````H ``` jh ,```````dG
G G Te a A````YCG QS
d UGd Gb g Sh ,LQGh
cQeh fdG jOQdG Q`` d
,dG QN FGhQh b GDeh e
dG ```H SDe eJ ``aG``M ```g EG ```c
Y c N Y dG S PEG AYCd
Y IQO``` ` dG ``jO````dG ````dG ``e ```c CG ``FG```T
.SDG
SHb dG eH eCG fG
e Teh da TH ``cCG
````J `` `dG Q``` ` ` dG ``` ` ` d ``` ` e
jdG hD```dGh `` bhCG IQGRh
TG V `````dG O``` TQEG H
ad eq J ```dG I````G ```d````dGh
``c``e `` e h`` ` ` d`` H ``` ` ` G `` FG`` ` `T
ad ````e ``j``Y``Hh ``` G ````U
`` SQG`` e 10 `` cQ`` ` `` `h `` `q ` ` e`` `` ` SEG
Mh HGdG dG e UNh eM
.SOdG dG
``d```dG `````J EG ``` ` ` G `` ` jh
``Y ``` ` bh `` ` aG`` ` gCGh `` ` G ``` S``` e
ddG j FdG d
.jd IdG jd Se k bGh
UGG S H I``H```U ``d``bh
``` ` e ``` ` ` e ``` d``` a ``` Y ``a``` ` G
Y Se ``G qEG QdG d
c ,Q``` bCG SGe ``e AT j
M ch G``HCG dEG dG JCG
ch GOdG UCG e c AT a
.HG GYdH a G V
Q EG QaH G a ``ch
jDhdG e
LdGh d dG H SDe
dG OdG dG Ae e dGh HdG
zdG jOdG { HOCG Yhe TH
j Y OdG dH gG EG j dG
gGh ,dG TQh Y dG OdG dG
GQGMh jf GAGb Y dG GQGUEH
`````SD`G A````fEG ```Y ``e``Y Qh`` e ``eh .```a```K
H SDG J 2012 Y e HcCG e hCG
cQ O``` dG ````dG ``c``M ``YO I``j``G
``d`````S ``j``dG ```f````dG ``` ` dG ``e ``Y```
N i````H ```J```dG S ```M h````G IQGOEG
SdG G``gR ``FGh``dGh YdG e G IQGOEG
SGM H e MdGh dG dh UdGh
MdG S H JdG EG aVEG dG
.dG H SDe Y je
```dG A````e `````T``J ```M ````G jh
Qe ```Y ```` VGh `````H G``c``J ``jOQ``` S ``K```H
Y TQ M PSG a ,dG OdG
dG Uf - Y
dG T e da fG
QT `` ``` eCG z``Y J 21
IQcdG jYH aCG a HT
````FQ ``F``f ``jQ``` G ``` S ``` H A`` `jQ
c cQh d WdG dG
I````G ``j``ah OG`` `M H ja ``e
bNCH ``bGQ Mh YdG gCG
i```U ``j``ah ```H````T ``b``W ``j``ah
.eCG J g Mh dG
J g ``Y```L G ````Jh
dG g ``aQ H dH eG
bdGh ``eCG Ad JbW QSGh
e `````M``J I````H ``` G CG`` `Hh .``` H
dG W ```J ``e RdG ``a
G S - dG
```eCG ````dG ```a`` J ````f
H I``g```dG a J EG IQ`` jR
A``` JQ``d ``` ` a``` G `` H G`` ` G O`` ` J
dG dG j HdG dH
`` I``` ` G G`` ` G ``` Y `` ` `WGh
``` SQ``G IQGOEG QhOh `` ` `SGQ`` dG ``` ` ` ` ` dG
fG Gg eCG hh jQdG dGh
j a HdG GOLEG Y WGh
ddGh d aG dG efH
aGG geh VjdGh dG OGe
``WG ``d``ch dhdG ```SGQ``dGh dG
dG GQ````HGh HdG jQG Y
Q`` N ``cQ``` ` e ``` d ``f``c `` ` `dGh I``` ` ` G
dG M - AcH
``````dG `` e`` G I`` ` FGO ````f
OG`` G H ```` A``c``H ``j``H
````b `` e ``` ` ` ` ` d``Hh AiQG`` ` ` ` `dGh
``` TQh ``` ` ` ` G ``` ` ` ` dGh `` jQ`` ` `dG
e ``e````dG ``` ` S``` SCG G``` ` H ```Y
A``` WCG ````L ``cQ```` ,``H``` UEG
SDH IYG dG dGh
``` L ``` a``` ``` H``` dG ``` ` ` ` dG
IO``jR ```Y ``` TQ``dG `` `cq Qh .```W```dG
jh AWCG e dG QOdG Yh
G HUEG e edG H
OG`` `M `` Y `` `` ` dG ``` J `` ` U`` Nh
,`` ` a`` ` G i`` ` ` ` e `` ` `Y `` `` ` dG
jdhCG AYEG gCG Y dGh
O``Lh ```Y IQ``` N `` `cCG ``` ` d
dG ``b``J e e ``e ``cCG
``e``` ` dG `` ` `` `SEGh ``j``` dG `` ` bhh
``j``` ` dG ``` c ,BG `````Jh
``H```UEG ``e edG H ```TQ``dG
jDhdG e
dN dh
`` T
20
SG
dG OY - jDhdG
ATG e dG Y dG Jh ,bd
k ` ` ` a ,I`` ` `` `Gh ``` ` G
``````dG ``N``j
T ``bG``eh ```JG``dG ``Y``` ```Y
H ```dh ``e Vd YLG UGdG
j ``cCG dH J b H ``N``dG
.LCG e NO dG SSCG VdG jh
GPEG HjEG YG g Ia J bh
ee e H j IOSG
eG hCG adG MGf T bKe
aj ``e ``gh Fd jdGh jQdG
OGhQ `` e ``` ` ` d ``` f`` ``` ` ` e `` f`` ` `MCG
q d dGh - ddh .dG YCG
GTG e ag dG Oj CG j jh j M YG g e
.j a bh gj h Z
FSd qCG dG ``N fi Vjh
UN jDhdG
Ic Y MG dG SDG MCG QU a H
Sa G`` HEG f jW j ``j``dG fdG ``e
``bGh EG fLjh gQaCH ffjh JTH ``M``d
.Jda cQT e c HCG
:j dG dG dG Gd SDG MCG HG Y
dG ````dG `` Q````U ``a ```H `````SD`e J
Y OjCG Y SCJ ,aGGh YGfG aH jdGh
,Q```G ```Yh ``H``G ```Y ````eh ``f````dG ``f````dG ``e
```f``jh ,``` ` j``` dG ``` Sh ,`` ` dG `````ah ,``````dG OhGOh
,dG eh ,```Th``dG dh ,dG Sh ,dG
.SQdG dh ,bhRG Aahh
ka dG SCJ q h G````S ``K b I````dG A``Lh
jdG S
kMUG jG
G`` Gh Q`````G ````dG GR`` e
``dGR``e k``F``b d `````dG
``gQ``` aCG ``` J CG ``g```H ``` ` dG
,G T ```Y ````U ``c
kMU J CG ```e ````Sh
``Z I``` ` d I`` j`` L ``` ` gO ``` Y
``` ` ` dG ``H``` ` jh `` H ``b``` ` ` e
e bCJh jJ C edG
Y Fb IjL Ia fCG O
fMCG ,jL eh IjL OHCG
C G`````e ````d ```d``Z `` Q hCG
i``eh Q``` aCG H Qh`` L ``H```J
````b``Y hCG `` ` `UC`` H `` ` `fG`` bG
W YCGh ,Y FdG SCH
G Y NO J dG J
```dGh ``` ` dGh ```j````dG i``Y``H
H ``` ` bG ````Y ``L```j ````M
kGQe CG hO d dGh
J `` e ``` ` b ``````d Gk` ` ` MGh
.Y
CG d j eh ?jG ge
!M d f Y J
Qf CG HdG e d
CGh A```T ``c b QG``b ``j``G CG
JLJh JGeh fQaCG L
dH jG b J dG g
EG jG qCG Gh ,Od
V eGSG j M Yb
``c ``` Y h`` ` ` dG hO ``` d``d``e
iYH kGQ``e JCJ dG ZG
ge b :g jda jG
fCG ,J jCG d bCG JYb
Ybh H eDJ Id iS
M Y aGJ e MCH e
.WdG jG
YGdG dG J jG qEG
aGf eh d f eh H df
```dG Q`` ` `aCG ``fRG``e h ``H ```Y
eh JYb RGJ ie Y dJ
b a ,jG iYH J
,JYbh Q```aCG ``HG ``g AT ``c
Q``` aCG ``Y IQ``` ` e `````f ``` ` dh
g J ``bh ,JYbh jNBG
kX dG a j dG G
g eh G S fCG dH e
jh ,dG gZ EG
Y ``j``J Q`` `e ``` ` c``e `` dP
``j``G qEG { ``b M ``j``G
Q`` G ``e `````T ``` J CG ```
a IQh``` ` H ``` NG``dG QG``` d``a {
edG YdGh SSCG g jG
Yb ah J dG IdG CH
IOd SSCG eYdG g A``G
``d``dh A```T ``c ```b ``G ````dG
``S``` f `` H`` fh ``` f CG ``` j
YCG e e jG CG AdG
```d `` ` `` `J `` `e `` ` `eh ,``` ` ` J
dH ```dG Ij kghe
J e ``Yh hO Q``` ` dGh
Y HdG jGh ,Y gQhH
dG jG g bh AG dUCG
H dG ```d``N ``e f
a ,dG ``j``Mh ``j``G T
dG H kG``NCGh hCG de
M jQH aCG SQ M
jg W EG ``G H hD`j
.Y Hf dGh jG
Hf QG``b g jG Qa PEG
Yh bGe AG fGLh e
``c ``` Y ``j``` G ``f``N `` a`` bh
````NO I``` a `` ch `````S``H i`` `YO
O``` `` ` gAGQh `````dG ````Y ```
``c``H ``` ` dG ```M ````J ``` fCG
dG IQhVh H QdGh dG
aGj jG de d
.dEG dG OGh dG
sasb23@gmail.com
gh If Y dC jdG BG bJ
CG ch fhdEG ILCG b Vhe
fc jdG e jGHh .I``MGh TCG CG
Lj h IQ````e ``Z jJ ``dB`H 2010 ``Y
CG ````dCG ``fC`a ge a ``SQ``eCG e ```e
j CG fEG j e j GQCG e
.kGc jdG QdG Jh dH
h JM e GAL jdG dBG YCG :dbh
ZH e G``bG hO ``e ``j `` CG ```CG
dh ,YCG IQU H dC WH
SGQda ,````SQ``G ``J```LGh ```fCG CG b d
SQ JCJ gH ``eh G e g
.jGdG
ddG eCGh fJ ISCG OGaCG c :cCGh
,SQG e Ife J dch ee
jDhdG - QU
i`` MEG ````T````dG `````N ``` H ````F``Y db
fEG c EG FdG jdG `` gGG
G ISCGh dGh NGH J ge jd
```S```SCGh ```G Qh`` dG ``d `` YEG ``d``ch ``H
.c hCG gG g QXEG
``Y````j ``e ``g``G ```j ``e```Y :``a``` VCGh
aGdG ``dP Sh ge S fjh
gCG J g eh GHEG IOjRh dCd G
Y dG ISCGh jHdG SDGh YEG
.IYGdGh fdG gGG J
SOdG dH fCGh ge cG :HJh
````JC`J ````ch ``j`````dG `` MCG ``` ch ``FG``` HG
FdG H Q`` q CG IQjd UdG
21
ICGG aU QGM
2014 S 30 aGG `g1435 G P e 6 AKdG
SGh dhOh HY cQ
fdG dG L
AL dG fdG G da fGh
ICG`` `G ``cQ``` ` e `` ` EG `` ` `YEG QhO G``` ` H
H Y dG IOS SFH ,iQdG
iQdG ``` dG `` eCG ,``bh``` G ```U``f
eCG ``g ``g `````G IQ``` e ``f``ch ,``` ` dG
```e``YEG ```M``H ,``jQ``` G ``d``W ```H
H dG FQ Ffh ,iQdG
.fdG ICGG
G MCG QcdG G ``b jGdG
fdG iQdG H EG dhdG Y
a IO````e G````h I```c ``MG`` ``e
ITe `` Z ``H``` ` fGh ``` ` ` d``H ``H``` ` fG
e dG Ggh dG b e Te fGh
c cQe R``aCG dG A```HCG ``e cQG
Gk TDe YCG HfG dG ICGd
MU dh fG QM d ICGG CG Y
H ``` H``` ` fG ``````dG G``` ` G ``` J
Zh IH Gk VM c dG Qhda dG
c fG Y Y Gh G dG
eGdG ```Z EG ``a```VEG ``k ``e Gk ````Y ````k`jCG
ICGG QhO Z SCG Q``eCG gh HfG
Y C` f ```dG ICG````d ``dP O```j ``Qh ```b```NEGh
YEG FSh e UGdG Vh ``YEG
.iQdG dUh S KCG d c
QG dU H ee IQcdG Kh
cCa jdG eL dhdG bd IPSCG
eh jQ GQhO j YEG CG c
cdGh ````JG ``F```Sh Q```J e JM
IadG g fG Y YEG fL Y
G ``` Y ``N``` dG ``` d``N `` e ``` j ``` dG
J CG ``` jh ``f``c ```j```T C ``` U``dGh
VGh G``gCG dh e HfG G
.NdG H jdG ad Gf
FYdG G
c RG`` dG Y OGD` a Q```c``dG `` H
QhH G`````e ```H```dG ```S ``H ``H `` YGPEG ```j``e
jdG ``M ICG``` ` d `` M`` JCG ``` dG ```````dG
HfG G EG bh TdGh fGh
MG ``F```S``dG ``X``Jh e ```J CG ```j
d G`` j`` ` ` e `` ` ` `YEG `` ` `j CG `` ` `jh
CG ICG`` ` `G ``` Y ``` j `` `fCG ``` ` V``e ``` H``` ` fG
SGh dG Jed JU J
YdG ie ad YLG UGdG T
jEH ``eD`j CG dG ```Yh YLG
e UGdGh NdG Jed dSdG
e ```````e ````d ``````U ````` ``` Yh
YJ Qh``H dGh fdG ddGh GOdG
.jdGh TdG Y dGh
MaG dG da e dG AG h
dG G SCG M Y ``TQh CG``H
OGDa Qcd fdG Hfd ```e``YEG
..RGdG Y
Y L ebEG eG dG da Jh
jEG hdEG ``YEG QhO GH I``MGh
eYEG SFH QGdG U EG G U
eGH ```eh e ,``Y```dG G Y ``H Se
,fhdEG KCG U j FQh YGPEG
dG ```````dG ````M ```H Q`````fG ``g IQ``` Gh
jdGh YGPEd edG dH eYEG J
cQ ,```````H dG ``` I````Yh
Y e ```Y``dG e ``H S SG
T ``e O``Yh fY jeh ``bG``e I``Y
jdG dZ H ``eh ,YLG UGdG
jdG ``` ` ` F``dG
G ``` Sh ``c````d
,YLG `` YE`` H
Y `````Y G ``` Yh
bdG hD` ` ` e G
S `` ` ` ` LQ`` ` G
QG`` `M QGO `` `K ,`` `` ` Y
MGSG Hh .e
TQh `````J I``` ` b
G`` ` ` ` ` H `` ` `Y
GQe e dG
`` `F`` `` ` Sh G`` ` ` ` `` ` `` ` `SG
YLG ``` UG``` dG
,f achCG eJ
`` ` `G `` ` `M ``g``` ` j
,`` ` ` U`` ` dG IAG`` ` ` ` `bh
.cQG Jh
SC dP ch jdGh HdG e L
e h GfBG FdG QOdG b e Ic
keYEG ICGG Y j G j a G
Jh ke Gk Y fc JGdG ZQ CG CG
G G``` fG ```cC`J ```H ``g```S I``` SCG
IQc ```Y I``j```H Y CG``` a ``` e``YEG
a cCG aGf SCG jhGR fch U
cQe fc c YGfCH YLG cG
EG ``a``` VEG ,```````dG Q`` N ``` f ```Y ``H``` ch
CG ``a```VCGh ``G G Se cQe
UG ZGdG H Cd ICGd M bdG
dGh V HdG cQe EG M jOdG
HdG ````F``Y IQ``` c``dG ``K``h .``` ` g``
Y jGH Y eYEG H VY ``N
gG ```M `` NBG Y EG ``a```VEG `` YEG
VGe ````b``` I``` SC``H J ``eG``H ````H
jb beh Gh ISCG LMG eJ
eYEG db M .dG G IOe
j MU H EG fdG je
HJ Y dhDeh ICGeG fCG a IOe Ic
,U m a eYEG d bh ch FHCG
d Gh eG Xh J EG aVEG
c ```G G```d J ICG`` eG hC` c UN I```b
eY dGh JGdG ZdG dh NBG kj
EG Q```TCGh JM QGe IjL IQU SQ
EGh ``MGh `` GQ```` ```j Y CG
Gf IAG`` bh ``Y```G ``eG``dG ``H ``Yk ````e ``c
fdG ICGd dSQ fdG Lhh QNCG
Mh Ic dhDe YEG EG da ,eYEG
c J ICG``L ``cCG VGe d ``b``dG
.UJ H ICGG
hCG dG L
ICGG GH hCG G fG ``dP H
H ```e ```S``F``H ``H````Uh ``j`` ```````dG
edG dH eYEG IQe ,jQG
,dG ```S ```H O````S ,``j`````dGh ``YGPE` d
dhdG `` YEG I``FG``H U IQ``
.d IQe dG IYh
eYEG ,f achCG db G jGH h
o
dG dGh
p q fodG p eYEG In e
qp VJ
e Ap ``a``dG Y ```Jp Q``bo h ```YG``HEG ``e ``h
Qp hO EG dG Qo ```G o q j a ..dEG p cG
SDG EG Ud ICG``G ``M p ` YO p `` YEG
,kSS Ip CG`` ` G p ` cQ``` ` e p `` ` EG h ````j`````dG
dG G Ap GOCG SC
p Gh je Y q dGh
p jJ H ``dPh p fdG HfG p d
..Hfd `````G ``` e``YEG p `````dG Ip O`` L
hdEG n `` `YEG h`````a `o `d``` dG Qo ``` G `` eq CG
eSEG i``e Vjh Gk`j``L ``ek ``YEG UH
aQ QhOh ,dhDd G pU pjEG
G pFSdG p be Y Ik hY ,dG YdG
FSh G`````SG GQ```e ``e dG d
qn j CG o eCG fhjh ,YLG pUGdG
TH j CGh ,mje MhWCG Gg fQGM
J m Yh m Y UJ Y n oj CGh ,mIe
eYEG gQ oM RJh ,pq fodG Ip CG``G aU
qp o j keNh :db c N h .dGh
oq jL Q``coCG CG EG
YGd eG p Yh p dG
BG a H e Ip Q```c``dG tdG p MU p```G
p eG pG ac EG Ue dGh ,S
Jj c .d p YGdGh p YGdG cdGh
qm EG p jdG Fah p``j``G p dH
oq ``L`
c
nq `JCG CG
o
q
d dGh ,QG``G Gg ``E LGh Y e
.pSoG g d pcQoe Y q p dG fQM
..JcHh G MQh o Y o dGh
nq
dGh dTEG
G
Qh
H
A
JQG
Gch
fo
dG
q
p
p
p
r
Qo GM n p j CG p ddG `p `
q o `` pe ``fqp EG :``a```VCGh
MaG dG da e dG A``G h
Gg pXJh ,p YEG p nM Ip CGG
d
Fe
m
p
fh
,fdG
f
p q fodG Ip CG`` G p aU
CGH ``dG ```dG fdG ICG`` G aU QG``
.G pfe YO Qn hqdG :ghCG ,dZ Wh Se f
o
TQh CGH ,fcfG e H Jda
GG
OJ
eG
`
`
`
W
`
`
d
G
`
`
`
d
`
`
H
`
d
G
`
`` ` MG
p
eYEG dG G SCG ``M dG
Ip CGG p ```H Ao ````MG :fKh ,G ``` HQCGh
J ,RGdG Y OGDa Qcd fdG Hfd ,pQaCG bJh G``G pOJ Ch :aVCGh
nq p q fodG
aU QG``M Y b FKh a VY dP Gg q Ea ,pAJQGh p jd pdG
oq p CG e pGoj n HdG pOj ``dGh eG dG
dG
`
`
`
d
G
G`
`
g
..`
`
Y
`
`
c
`
`
e
`
`
H
`
`
`
c
CG ``e ````Y
o
k
k
dG Qh`` dG ``VG`````SGh ,``` dG ```f````dG ICG`` `G FSG qeh ,Se ```VQCG qp oj Qn G``G
o
,p
fo
dG
IC
G
d
dL
J
Y
Gk
gT j
q
q
p
p
M Jh ,H dG H J Ip CGG QM ie aQ pfCT e e c b
,pAnq dGh Ap dG Ip e eSEG jJh
p
QdG H hJ G CGH K eh .aG UG `````Jh `` e`` YEG ``` ` dG p ` q ` f``` o ` dG UGh
nq ```d .p ` YG``dG p```G G``g p `jO````dG oY Ap ```H ```Fp ```Yh ```Jp GR``E`H Ap ````MG Y
Ka fdG eYEG d eYEG SC
o J
H Y G IjY eYEG jGdG pH m FQ Qm h`` p KK Y Qp G``G da CGdG J kFQ GkQhO o YEG or j ..pjG
q
, jb Y p dGh ,pLJh p dG
cG ``e``YEG gQGe EG da ```e``YEG HdG hCG hj M ,fGL p aH p WMEG GkQSGh
HCGO Qp h``dG Gg p gC
dG o ` `` `` `` `L
N `` `eh p ` q ` f``` o ` dG
dG hDT p
pJ `` ` ` Y `` ` `` `` `d
d pG dG
p ` ` ` ` e`` `YEG ``` ` ` dG
p ````SEGh , p dG
FG hdG aJ
,pFdG ``YG``HE` d
`` ` b`` ` ` ` `dG RG`` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` ` HEGh
I`` Y`` ` ` eh ,p` ` ` b`` ` G
fq EG c ,pTdG gGG
Uf dG
qp GP h
o `` YEG j CG ```Y
,qfodG Ip CG`` ` ` `G QhO
e qp Y jh
p G `` pgQGhOCG AGOCG
VjQ
22
IM HV
dG
HdH jLd N
jHh fhQ jh jh e CG LGj eY IOdG L
dG S Y J AGQd GN d LGjh Ff AJh
WdG e H dG ``gh .G e dGh jdGh
AGOCG c ``LG``H `` ..G``d``H I```dG ``g ```dG I```d hCG
OGh G jeh jLd H QG dG S dWh e FdGh
.e MCG j h IdG
G SCc dH CG UN g dG H g hCG Gh
SCc dH ``K ``eh G`` HCG Y G af T ``N jOdG
VjdG SdGh ,jT iS G dH Y J dGh ,SBG
e QGSG e Y jMh G Ffh AGOCG Y VGQ d
dG R```Lh G jh G dH d ``b```NEG
G Qe jJh VdG d H OfG O d QGOEGh
.HS c c aGh HjEG FdG EG IOdGh
G IQGOEG Q`` G SS ``g``` G `````dG ``e OGR ``h
V ``Yh YadG Nh G d QNG ``M JYbh
Y V ``d``ch G QG```SCG Q``N dM ``g YdG d
G ej h ?G J V Qd gGe bj
j dG SSCG G EG aVEH ?jd IOh JfeEGh
d ``G j ``dGh d edG dG ``gh G e
jLd H QG Lh edG N e .eY e G Qe
,d edG dG SW a GdH IdG g h dV
GdGh QX ja Fb AYSH dG gYG Le IN h
G d ``H````dG ``g ``` G ````dG d ```jQ```dG
gG jd QG e HdG AYSG dG GY bh .dG
bj dG QGh G Y gG dGh dG dh
Lh eh .G a Hd eh f ec hCG QGSH
Ic a bh aVEG g d HdG g fG qCG f
SG UdG e FH 70 j G CG UN ,G bdG
dG S LGH HdGh ,IdG Id J dGh HdGh
G``MGh Ih```dG eY Mh dGh jGh dG eGdG ``e
hU Y g dch ,a HdG eGdG g c ;IOdGh
j UCG H Y dM Lj h ,UdG fCG e Ggh
HdG ``g c I``G ``dh jh edG hdG
jd HdG g qEG f d .jNBG Y dH Rh j dGh
AL HdG Ea G JJh hJ GPEG f dh jdG dG
dG YG GUCG a .QdG j Sh ee ee e
dGh G dG Gg jQJ CG ZQdG eGdG e EG QJ
OfG Y J CGh ,fK H q K hCG bNCH dGh dG eMG
dH jM GP MS
j dGh ,VjdG jQdG IQSCG g
k
H WdG Y IjGe h WdG AGf d fq CG jh ;hdG jQd
,GkL dh He G CG hj eY G e Hj jdG
e a dG e Gjh jQJ Y Gaj d
HdG ```H d I``j``L N ``YCG ``j``L``d Q`` G .``W``dG
.UN
k bk Geh k W d
mam5155@hotmail.coma
G Y RH YG Vh jJ e
,IdG JU UGh K ,25-32 H dG
Ad NBG JGQeEG G Y RdG e h
dG Qh``dG h .18-25 H hCG Qh``dG ``d
Y dG e h IH aG e CG``H
b HGdG Fd 25-26 H G``jG G
H OdG G e eG Ad j CG
QdG G e SOdG Ad N q `K 31-29
.24-30 H HG
cd WdG e Vj ,iNCG L eh
``` dCG IQhO ````a```e ``d `` NCG A````dG ``` dG
jd jOH e bS M ,jSBG
.IQhdG edGh HdG jcG MU
fdG - U
hD```H fdG ``f````dG J
Y A``` HQCG G``Z dG ``` dG
U ``j``H `````dG ````S Q`````e
``` ` ` dG ``` W``` dG ``` ` T ``` a```
dG LG da V ,dG
-2014 Sd gCG dG bd
.ej I LG jh ,2015
IOS LG ```dG ojh
dG IOS SFH dPh ,U Gh
U Gh SdG Qe H Y
SQdG ``H O``` QHh
O``Yh fdG ``f````dG ``Y ``j``e
fdG ``f````d``H ``dhD` ` ` G ``e
bd dG O``G e h
G eG G eh dG
dG AYCG EG aVEH ,jdH
dPh ,jdH dG bd G
dG H j ``e ``c b
HGdGh G``` TCG OG`` YCG M ``e
QSG G e VY J
,``QCG `` CG QadG ``LQ``G
OG`` `YEG `` cG`` e `` ` `YCG `````J h`` ` `J
e ````b```e EG ``a``` VEG ``` ` T``` dG
a dG i``d YCG e j
LG jf h .OcCG j
q
d ``eR``dG GQG``` dG P```JG
``N `` ` O`` cCG ``` Y ``` S ````M
.G MG
jDhdG -e
aG SCdG dG ```Y
d SHb dG OcCG Y
YLG eCG X VjdG GQdG
dG ```e ```S``F``H `` dPh ,``d```dG
`````dG ``` V``G ``` `` H ````S
dG FQ VjdG hDdG ``jRh
.OcCG Y aG SCdG
dG A``` ` YCG ``` ` LG ````Mh
H O``` TQ dG IO````S ``e ``f````Gh
hD` ` ` dG IQGRh ``` ch ``F````dG ``` MCG
H dN ``e ``c jYh ,VjdG
hCG dG FQ ``H``dG
FQ SG g H S dGh
MCGh idG dC dG O``G
``jRh ````e ````FQ h``` dG ```N ``H
YS ``H ```h VjdG hD```dG
jQGh dG Y je QG
Y je FdG G```Y ``H ah
h VjdG jdGh ``j``Y``dG
hD```dG ``Y ``j``e dG S ``H
G ``H ``d``Nh ``` d``Gh `` ` `jQGOEG
`J j jdG Of
HdG YG`HEG `
jDhdG - e
HdG ``YG``HEG J Y jdG O``f IQGOEG YCG
dG eCG QG N H S dG SCGSh ;2015-2014 d
.OdH
q h
He ```Y ````e `````dG S ``H L Q```c``dG J
H Leh adG HG Y e dG Y H Sh dG
OGdG S H OY YdGh G He Y kae jG TGQ
FdG jdG He h ,dGh dG dG He Y kae
q
G N H OjRh ,Y kae G gGHEG H O J
He Y dG N H YOh FdG jdG He Y
dG He Y kae jdG Y H S ALh ,bdG jdG
dG He Y kae TdG Sj ``H YSGh dG
,IdG dG He Y kae OdG dW H Yh ,VjdG
J h ,edG M H f dG He Y kae AL a
.Ff YGHEG He jOdG L H NL
Jh U EG dG gGH Nj jdG Of qCG EG Qj
IQGOEG ``aO e ``gh ,``YG``HEG fe Rd UdG CGh
.G GH gd
23
VjQ
eL Sh fTH H Ie LGeh ..JQLhOd eCG QG Nj jQe jQ
ag G``LhQhG Le S eH ac jO
GOeG cjG
e jdG a OJ dG IGQG
Sh .dG
. jHG Y V j dG ddG
e VQCG QN
Q 2013 HhQhCG H G fe jH
e HY
H QL hH IGQe Se J
Y
S H ShdG Od `` HhQhCG O``G
1-5
1-55 J
````Nh .``` V``G ```S``G ``g```L ``e
``ehQ `` eCG ````e``G ``Y``````H ```M````aG ``JGQ``` e
S
fe Y U-1 jH RG H jG
hL aG
aGG e jdG b g H G
S
d G```G H S jh .```JG``H
j e
eY HG QhO VQCG Y dG
``S````a``j ```e ```d```e ``jG```H j `` dG `` ehQ
Q``e ````jQ``e ``jR``L ```J``dG O`````Sh .```d```jEG
JQS LGj
eY OH G EG J
``JQ``H ``H``````Sh .``` H``` ` dG ``Y``` ` G ``f`````d
fhO QNT ``e 2004 `` HhQhG H ```J``dG
SQBGB hS
h
GZh .edG YG GchG
eC
eCG MaG
M
dG g jJ EG
GS
GS Z
j eY ``f``QhO ShH
VQC
VQGC QN CG jdG S H cdG
``jQ```e ``b``H h .dG ``Q``fG `` eCG
V
e CG Rcd jH S dG
SH
.Sd VV j
jGH
jG
GHH
HH
YG QG``` ` e ``jQ``e `` jQ
jQ G`
CG`` `Hh
Hh
jdG R``H Y 1-5 RdG H
H IIH
HH
N HhQhCG H Hd j
j dG
dGdG
d
e IO``` ` ` SG R`` `H `` eC` `jh .G`` `Z G`
G ` ` e
V e 1-1 OJ dG Hd
d RGRRGgG
gGG
RjhQ - d
VG SG ITdG Id dH jdG ``ZQ
ZCGh aCG ``e Y e U ```eGh
Y SCG jQe jQ Y j dG YdG
SCG Gg QdG JQLhOd fSG
.dG Id HhQhCG HCG QhO
`` `` ` JQ`` `LhO`` `d
c GS N bh
`` ` ` ` `d`` ` ` ` `dG
`` ` `LQ`` ` `dG `` `` ` ` ` j
`` ` ` j`` ` ` c
Pj CG ``` b
``gh `` ` `` `T`` ehO
`` ` ` `` ` ` ` ZCG `` ` ` ` ` `e
``jQ````H A``` ` ZCG
RjhQ - fG
dG MCG - jDhdG
hO````e
dG ASGh YGO M
dG S
f eOCG dG
TdG FY
dG J
dG e H M
IG `` c ``e``YEG ```G
SSCG AL ICG``G f Lh h U ,i``NCG
VhCG ``jDhQ ``a``Jh ,````G RG```dG G``ME
.ICGG~aU~QGM#
TdG OY .O
dG e bYEG hP OSG
Z ```fq C`H GkO````YG ``F``X``dG ``e
````d``a ,``W``N O``` ` YG `````e
.G e kLfEG cCG
G cCG
www.alroya.info
info@alroya.info
IAVEG
SdG QH H Y
G Gh..IYGdG Y
,dG GQO jDhdG IFH jdG adG H SCG dRe
Yhe V ;dGh ad jDhdG SDe H J dG
EG dN e J dGh GQOG YEG S dG dG
Y UG dG ``Mh ,AdGh q YLG dhDG b A``YEG
,eGG dGh WdG jb e YJ N e cCG L H
G jObG YdG H e VdGh edG b SZh
WCGh ICG``eh Th T e G JYbh Ja H Gh
,G OHS e heh ,cdG HS IFG G g c
UH WGh IGAdG q gCGh IQhH dWCG Y Wj dG
.ffGh aG ObG Y gGdG Gh d MS
edGh jQdG Cch ;IYGdG H IG g HcQ adG M
G
k e fc HdG fq C SG GH S dG a ..f j
IA````G Wh IA````dG MS ``jQ````dG ``aG````d ``MG```SGh
;UCG dG dGh MdGh dH J CG HGZ
a Y YUh IQ aZ FQ dG dU H Y dG
k
H dc dG e Wfh
GkQe GkL H QhH dGh ,Y
.coCG JDJo K eh G iH ddG J M kehO
k G gC dG OQ ``H ``eh
jYdH g fh f CG ``H jC
dG iQ````dG V ``jh IO````S ``f``L ``e `````dG
d k Mh IQOH k jJ adG ebCG dG Ihd jdG e
.cQG Y
G
k c ``Hk h``h fk SG ``Lh h I```Z cQ oM Ih```dG
Y ;Ih```dG Ga e dG QG YJ M ,``Y T e
QhJ fc dGh ;d qLJ fc dG SCG e jdG ``W
ch ,J H ```J``h I``F``G G`` gCG ``M
Y L fH N QG q CG ``eCG e LCGh ..a GTG
jb U Jh dG W WJ fq CG je ,IQO```G
,``ek ``b H ``a``dGh cQH I``j``L IQO```e -I``F``G - ```fq CGh ,``W``dG
``NCGh HdG gGG cG Y YJ dG GQOG i``MEG fc
GQOG g CT e q CGh ,q dGh fEGh AJQG hQO f gH
h de cG Y JYeh ,dG e c QO J CG
e IOSGh gYj dG ```YG``HEG JbWh JGQb
CGh ,IQOG H dG e OY dW H ..gCGh WdG j a
d Ih``bh SGf
zQGO``` G ``YEG{ z``jDh``dG{ eh I``F``G J
k
.dGh UG YdG Gh SDG
f deh i``J ``f``c I``YG``dG ``Y IM G`` aCG q Ch
IjL e aH UN I``g```dG ``gCh eY AGd idG
UN h ,jdG adG da e k eGJ Y a (jDhdG)
Gg q CG ``cD` eh ,```g dG ``jDh``dG ```SG``e ```dG Uf ed
,gMh Y jh dh c IgdG e ``gCG S G
dG Me e OY Y AdG IQDH jh WGG f Sh
Y YUh IQ aZ da e GkAH jdG J dG edG
Gh ,G ```dG ``e``Nh ,``Y OSH GQh``e ,``Y ``a
GP dG ``Y q CG fh ,kjb gDhfEG S dG YdG
eGh dG OQGG e aGh H J HQ PEH dG dG
jOhCGh HG aCGh IG dGh G VGQCc MdG
..Ve jG Y SG dG dG Gh jQG
a ..``f``G G``g ``k `e``YEG d jhd kN `` j ``
dGh MdG d aG dG ``aGh H J CG
.ObG
abufirase @gmail.com
dG dG Rj Y `a G SQ
fdG - d
``c``eCG G CG fjH MH ``gG``LCG I``j``L ```SGQO c
.dG dG Y Yj Y e dG
`` bhCG A````bh ``````dG ```Sh `````d ``Y``` ````G q CG `` `cCGh
.dGh dG qdG Rj fq EG c ,cH HUEG e j
IG H G efH Qe 2000 fH ```SGQ``dG ``` XCGh
Rjh O```LEGh dGh cG j Y G q CG ``Lhh
.fEG id HjEG YG
YdG f Y G QM ..G `a
..CG -HGOH
dd gDG dG N GdjCG T eCG dG JQN H
e AVQEG EG dG Id G e Y j ,2016 HhQhCG CG
.G JGQe Q bH 1200 K jJ Y
1-2 H Ye IQH G Y oe ,S e HdG a
iOCG e ,2016 ``HhQhCG CG dd gDG dG e hCG IGQ```G
jQJ dN J a jQe N H H JG QG dbEG EG
(QhO 7300) jQa e 1,8 aO YdG a BG qeCG .G
fehQ eCG G d G IGQG QH e 1200`d d
e e HGQ Y ``cCG e Y ,HcCG 11 SQNH
UN ```MQ J ```dG ``J Q```d``e ``f``jQ``e ``d``bh .```dG I``c ```G
bCG ,YdG e fU f d{ IGQG Ig SQNH EG d
d SH fGa dcd aVCGh .zbdG K aO g a e
.adG Y GaGh e W eY Gd ,fdH LQCG Y GhT
UN - jDhdG
IFH ``jDh``dG I``j`` h``` dEG ``b``G R``a
a GSCG ``` H``` dG ``` ` ` JG``` SG `` bG`` G
``` dGh ,``` Y H ``` Gh `````dG
``dPh ,HdG ``bG``G ``FG`` H ```O``cCG