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Calculation
Output
Area of concrete Area of concrete in compression Area of tension reinforcement Minimum area of tension reinforcement Length of that part of member traversed by shear failure plane With (breath) or effective width of section Cover to outer diameter Effective depth of section Basic force used in defining compressive forces Basic force used in defining tie forces Characteristic strength of concrete Estimated design service stress in the tension reinforcement Characteristic strength of reinforcement Shear modulus Maximum horizontal force Horizontal force in x direction Horizontal force in y direction Overall depth Knife edge load Critical perimeter Dimension of element on x direction Dimension of element on y direction Dimension of element on z direction Design ultimate resistance moment Moment on x axis Moment on y axis Moment on z axis Surcharge load Internal radius of bend Serviceability limit state Traction force Thickness of the element Ultimate limit state Shear force due to design ultimate loads or design ultimate value of a concentrated load Design shear stress Design shear stress in concrete Neutral axis depth Distance from Y axis to the centroid of an element Distance from X axis to the centroid of an element Lever arm Distance from X - Y plane to point where the considered resultant force acting Coefficient, variously defined, as appropriate Strain in tension reinforcement Nominal range of movement Soil friction angle, or diameter Active earth pressure Unit weight of soil Partial load factor Partial load factor
F s H J Wa K K fL K f3
DESIGN UNIT
Calculation
DESIGN UNIT
Calculation
DESIGN UNIT
Calculation
DESIGN UNIT
Calculation
D E C
Reference
Output
hs
B
H
hw l
hw
hs
Figure 01 Dimentional Properties h l Soil Cover , H Safe Bearing Pressure = = = = = = = = = = = = 1.2 1.5 7.2 0.2 m m m m mm mm N/mm2 kN/m3 kN/m3
o
12 45 25 24
20 25
c
s
w
' 1 - Permanent Loads 1.1 Dead Loads
9.81 kN/m3
The nominal dead doad consist of the weight of the materials and the part of the structure Structural Engineering Design in preactice (Roger westbrook) (page-94) Depth of cover (H) 3 x width = = = 3 x width < = 3 7.2 x 4.8 7.2 Unit Weight of Concrete shall be taken as 24 kN/m3 Becouse of the arching of soil, check whether the depth above culvert is > 3 x width of culvert ( in which case limit depth to 3 x width )
m 1.6
m m So
4.8 m
= =
4.8 96
20 kN/m2
Casses of conduit installation consider as Ditch Conduit Ditch Conduit A ditch conduit is defined as one which is instaled in a relatively narrow
ditch dug in passive or undisturbed soil and wich is then covered with earth backfill.
C E B
S.M.P
31.05.2010
Reference
Maximum load on ditch condition Depth of cover
1 Output
7.2
Surcharge on Roof
Surcharge Presure (qr) (qr) = Cd. .Bd2 Cd ' = = 2.K.' tan ' ,
1-e-2K'(H/Bd)
1-sin
1+sin
'
K
Bd
H
Cd So, K -
1-sin
1+sin 0.406 tan ' 0.466
Bd =
'
= =
= = =
101.0
kN/m2
1.2
Horizontal Earth Pressure If the backfill properties are known, If wall friction is to be ignored K0 Ka = = 1-sin ( 1-sin ' ' ) / ( 1+sin ') ( =0) = = 0.577 0.406
q max
= .Ka.h = 20 x 0.41 x = 73.9 kN/m2 = 20 x 0.41 x = 15.42 kN/m2 = qmax - qep = 58.44 kN/m2
9.1
qep
1.9
q q
C E B
S.M.P
31.05.2010
Reference
AASHTO 3.7.1 2 - Vertical Live Loads
1 Output
For Fill Depths H 8 feet (2400 mm) and Culvert Clear Span Length, The effect of live load is neglected in design when the depth of fill is more than
8 feet
3 - Hydrostatic Pressure (Internal)
q ip
Analysis Constant K = h l
hs hw
3 k1 k3 k5 k7 k8
= = = = = =
1.21 K+1 K+3 2K+3 2K+7 3K+8 = = = = = 2.21 4.21 5.43 9.43 11.64
Hydrostatic Pressure-(Internal)
A B
MA =
qip
MC =
4.1.2
Wall weight ( G )
q1 = 2.G l.hw
10.20 kN/m2
MA =
D B.M.D
MC =
kN.m/m
4.1.3
kN/m2
C E
S.M.P
Date Date
31.05.2010
Page
Reference
2 Output
MA =
D q = q1 Pressures B.M.D C
MB =
MC =
MD
kN.m/m f
1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.4
ulsMb
-0.19 -1.85 1.45 3.29 -1.02
Total uls
1.19 -0.15 2.83 5.00 -3.90
**
0.82
**
0.82 -0.35
Table - 01 Fixed end mement of the wall for Hydrostatic load MA = = W.L 15 1.607 kN.m/m = = = MC = W.L 10 2.41 kN.m/m W.L 23.3 -1.0 kN.m/m
* Calculation of moment at mid span of walls done by aproximatly by adding moment transferred to mid span from FEM to the Maximum negative meoment occurred at 0.45L after moment distribution ** Moment at mid span of the wall is calculated by considering full bending Calculation of midspan moment due to wall load Niutral axis depth from A 4.2 = 0.26 m
Lateral soil pressurees giving rise to flexture in the structure "q"is the rectanguler pressure and "q ep" is the triangular pressure
4.2.1 Reinforced Concrete Designers Manual (ref-5.1)
qep Pressures qep D B.M.D C A B
Trianguler Pressure,q ep
MA =
MC =
C E B
S.M.P
31.05.2010
Reference
4.2.2
3 Output
Surcharge on walls,q MA = MB = MC = MD = q.h2.K 12.k1 = -7.72 kN.m/m 4.2.3 Surcharge on Roof ,qr MA = MB = MC = MD = q.l2 12.k1 -7.45 kN.m/m = Addition of moment for Load Case 2
Posotion A and B C and D Roof mid-Span Base mid-Span Walls middle
D Pressures A B.M.D B
D Pressures B.M.D
qep
-0.91 -1.13 -0.91 -1.13
Total
U.L.S.
*
1.43
**
13.39
MA
= =
MC
= = = =
4.2 4.2.1
L.C.02 (Service)
L.C.02 (U.L.S.)
Hydrost. (U.L.S.)
Total
(U.L.S.)
C E B
S.M.P
31.05.2010
Reference
4 Output
5 - Check on ground safe bearing pressure 5.1 Load Case -01 = = = = < 150 kN/m2 16.68 10.20 9.60 36.48 kN/m2 kN/m2 kN/m2
Hydrostatic Pressure Weight of walls Weight of Roof + Floor Total Pressure Total Pressure 5.2 Load Case -02
kN/m2 hence ok
Weight of walls Weight of Roof + Floor Surcharge on Roof Total Pressure Total Pressure 5.3 Load Case -03 < 150 kN/m2
= = = =
kN/m2 hence ok
Weight of walls Weight of Roof + Floor Surcharge on Roof Hydrostatic Pressure Total Pressure Total Pressure 6 - U.L.S. of Flexture Maximum Moments kN.m/m Member Roof Walls Base i - Slabs Maximum Moment < 150 kN/m2
= = = = =
kN/m2 hence ok
24.15
kN.m/m
C E B
S.M.P
31.05.2010
Reference
66.1
5 Output
Analysis was carried out for several load cases of various loading arrangements to find out the maximum effect on the Box culvert Diameter of main reinforcement Diameter of secondary reinforcement = =
= =
mm mm 200 mm
12 12 24.15 kN.m/m
Assume severe environment condition, for driving rain = Cover 45 Effective depth, d k =
200
mm
d 2 = 149 mm
45 -
= 149
0.044
< 0.156
d x 149 = 142
mm
6.1.1 Design of main reinforcement As = M / 0.87fyz = 24.15 x106 / 0.87x460x142 = Use T 12 426 @
= mm2/m = mm2/m
mm2/m 250 ( As
mm /m
As pro
452
Minimum area of main rainforcement for slabs 100As / bad = 100x452/(1000x149) Hence o.k
= 0.30
## 0.13
6.2
Check shear in U.L.S. on roof and floor slabs Take Load case 02 Shear across support = ( 115.80 - Wt of Base x f ) = 109.08 kN/m2 Therefore shear in the support = = 109.08 x 1.2 /2 65.45 kN/m Doc. No. Designed Checked Job Code Calculation
Design shear force, V design Effective depth, d = = 65.45 kN/m
C E B
S.M.P
31.05.2010
Reference
6 Output
= =
Effective depth
vc
<
vc
Hence o.k
6.3 Bs 8110
Check in U.L.S. on the ability of the wall to trasmit the axial loads
3.9.3.6.2 3.4.4.1
Check h/hw
= =
BS 8110 indicates that the effect of the axial load may be ignored if this force does not exceed 0.1.f u.(c.s.a.) c
hence
0.1.fcu.(C.S.A)
=
= = =
0.1 x
600 +
30
kN/m
200
1.7 x 1.4 1.7 x 24x1.4 )
600 kN/m
The above calculation assumes that the wall is cosidered as reignfoced and not mass concrete vertical R/F provided so Area Percentage of Concrete area = = = = This is > Minimum of 0.4% Y 12 1131.0 1131.0 1000 x 0.759 % > @ mm2 x 100 149 0.4 % hence o.k. 200 2 Layers
C E B
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31.05.2010
Reference
7 Output
C E B
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31.05.2010