1995 ck atmufwdkbmvrSpwifI

tywfpOfxkwfa0onf

Published by Voice of Burma Information Group Issue No. 685 NOVEMBER 23, 2008

1-507 Horifune Jutaku , Horifune 2-27-1, Kita-Ku, Tokyo 114-0004, JAPAN

Tel/Fax: 81 3-6323-5114, E-mail: sayarkway@yahoo.com , voburma@ac.auone-net.jp

tzGJ ch sKyf.awmificl &dik uf w&m;pD&ifa&;pepfuokd ;kH oyf&ef etztm;awmif;qdk

A[dktvkyftr_aqmiftzGJ@wGif vli,frsm;udkxnfhoGif;&efA[dktm;awmif;qdk
DVB / Ek0d ifbm 18 ? ? vuf&EdS ikd if aH &;tajc trSwðf yygw,f? 'gayr,fh tcktajctae Ekid if H vk@d ,lqw,f/ vuf&dS pDt;D pDrsm;ukv d nf; quf
taeeJ@ywfoufv@kd 'Dru kd a&pD&&Sad &; wufºu a&;t& tusyftwnf;umvwckukd a&muf vuf&yfwnf+y;D awmh vkt d yfwt
hJ &eftiftm;pk
v_yf&Sm;olawGudkzrf;qD;+yD; jypf'%f}uD;awG vm+yv D @dk ,lqw,f? tJ't D csed rf mS usaemfw@dk u awGukd jznfq
h nf;ay;zk@d awmif;qkw d myg?”
csrSwfvkdufwma=umifh w&m;pD&ifa&;pepfudk tzG@J csKyu
f dk oGuo f u G v
f ufvuf xufxufjruf tpnf;ta0;udk tzG@J csKyf ausmufwcH g;
jyefvnfo;Hk oyfz@kd tm%mydik af wGukd awmif;qdk jrufO;D aqmifEidk zf @dk twGuf touf}u;D wJh pDt;D pD ®re› ,fOuUÏ OD;pHO;D / jzL;®re› ,fOuUÏ OD;jr0if;ausmf
vdkufw,fvdk@ trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf rsm;ukd 0ef;&H+y;D awmhtm;jznfah y;zk@d vkt d yfw,f pmrsufEmS 15 odk h
(awmificl ±kid )f =um;jzwftpnf;ta0;rSm xkwf
jyef a=unmygw,f? rw&m;axmif'%fcsrSwfolawG vlom;
tzG@J csKy(f awmifiòl re› ,f)u OD;aqmif+y;D
c±dik wf iG ;f òre› ,fOuUÏwcsK@d eJ@jynfo@l v$waf wmf rsKd;EG,ftay: jypfr_usL;vGef&ma&muf
ud, k pf m;vS,w f csK@d awG@qkw H hJ =um;jzwftpnf;
ta0;udk 'Dae@usi;f y+y;D tJ'v D akd wmif;qdw k ,f VOA / Ek0d ifbm 20 ? ? jrefrmEkid if rH mS +y;D cJw
h hJ eJ@ywfouf+yD; EkdifiHwumw&m;pD&ifa&;tzGJ@rS
vk@d qH;k jzwfwmyg/ tzG@J csKyAf [dt k vkytf r_aqmif &ufyidk ;f awGu Edik if aH &;wufºuv_y&f mS ;olawGukd 'kOuUXtef'&D&mu VOA udt k ckvakd jymygw,f?
aumfrwD(pDtDpD)udk xdcdkufr_r&SdapbJ oGuf ESp&f n
S af xmif'%fawG csrw S af ewmawGe@J ywf “a&mr®r›rSmjyXmef;cJhwJh EkdifiHwum&m
vufxufjrufwhJ vli,fawGukd pDt;D pDtzG@J 0if oufv@kd 'g[m vlom;rsK;d EG,af wGtay:rSm &m Z0wfw&m;¶k;H &J@ Oya'yk'rf 7 ud=k unfrh ,fqdk &if
'grrS [kwf t&HtzG@J 0iftjzpf jznfph u G w f m0efay; Z0wfru _ sL;vGew
f mjzpfwt hJ wGuf ukvor*~vHk vl w OD ; wa,muf c sif ; pD u d k rw&m;axmif
zd@k tzG@J csKyu f kd wduk w f eG ;f a=umif;vnf; qk;H jzwf ðcHa&;aumifpDtaeeJ@ jrefrmppftpdk;&udk EkdifiH '%fcsrw S wf mawG/ rw&m;zrf;qD;csKyaf ESmifyw d f
cJ=h uw,fv@kd awmifiòl re› ,f rJqENe,fajr trSw-f wum&mZ0wfw&m;¶k;H udw k ifoifw h ,fv@kd Ekid if H yifxm;wmawG[m vlrsKd;pkwckudk 'grSr[kwf
1 jynf o l @ v$ w f a wmf u d k , f p m;vS , f wumw&m;pD&ifa&;tzGJ@u ajym=um;vdkufyg vl@tzG@J tpnf;wckuu kd sL;vGewf mr[kwaf yrJh tJ
OD;atmifp;kd jrifu h ajymygw,f? w,f? jrefrmetztpdk;&tzGJ@0ifawGeJ@twl 'Dyk'frt& EkdifiHwumOya'udkcsKd;azmufwJh
“vuf&pdS t D ;D pDqw dk mu touft&G,f w&m;ol}u;D csKyf OD;atmifw;dk / v_id o f m,mw&m; twGuf 'g[m vlom;rsK;d EG,af wGtay:rSm &m
}u;D ae=u+y?D use;f rma&; raumif;wJt h ykid ;f av; ol}u;D a':at;®rif/ wmarGw&m;ol}u;D a':oef; Z0wfru _ sL;vGew f majrmufygw,f”
awGvnf;&Sv d m+yaD yg?h OuUÏ}u;D qk&d if touf 90 oef;/ ausmufww H m;w&m;ol}u;D a':!Ge@f !Ge@f / w&m;ol}u;D awG[m 0efxrf;awGjzpfay
ausm+f y?D usew f mawGuvnf; touf 80 ausmf c¶dkifw&m;ol}uD;awGjzpfwJh OD;aomif;!Gef@/ OD; r,fv h nf; tckvkd ppftpd;k &&J@ rw&m;wJt h rde@f
85 ES p f a usmf a wG j zpf a e+yD ? ol w k d @ vnf ; wifxGwfeJ@ a':pkd;^m%fwdk@udk EkdifiHwum&m tm%mawGut kd ok;H cs+y;D tckvrkd sK;d tjypfrwhJ hJ
'Dcsed tf xdaqmif&u G cf w hJ mukd usaemfw@dk u tod Z0wfw&m;¶k;H u w&m;pGq J Ekd ikd yf gw,f? tckupd P pmrsufEmS 7 odŒk

ukvor*~txl; a&$0ga&mifawmfvSefa&; &ufpufaometz ausmif;om;acgi;f aqmif urBmph ;D yGm;a&;uyf jrefrmta&;tay:

ud,
k pf m;vS,rf sm;u acgif;aqmif t&Sif*rBD&udk ppftkyfpkukd EdkifiHwum rsm;udk e,faxmifrsm; a=umifh tm&S&Sdjrefrm tmqD,HE_wfqdwfaer_
ppftpd;k &ukd jyif;xefpmG axmifESpf&SnfcsrSwf ausmif;om;rsm;u odk hydk h tvkyo f rm;rsm; twku d t
f cHa0zef
a0zef¶_wfcs jypfwif±_wfcs tcufawG@
pmrsufEmS 2 pmrsufEmS 3 pmrsufEmS 11 ausmzH;k
pmrsufEmS 7 pmrsufEmS 18
November 23, 2008 Voice of Burma 685 Page 1
 EdkifiHwumu 0dkif;0ef;ta&;,l&rnhfetz
jrefrmppftm%mydik rf sm;onf jynforl sm;.qENukd qef@usi&f rkH u jynfoal wGtwGuf vkyu f ikd f

VOB
v_y&f mS ;aeonf'h rD u kd a&pDbufawmfom;rsm;udk ESp&f n S af xmif'%frsm;csrw S af ejcif;onf Edik if aH &; jypfrr_ sm;udk
usL;vGeaf e&Hrk u vl@tcGit hf a&;csK;d azmufrr_ sm;udyk g qd;k &Gm;pGmusL;vGeaf ejcif;jzpfonf? xdu k o
hJ @kd w&m;rJh

tm azmufzsuu f sL;vGeaf eolrsm;u jrefrmEdik if w H iG f acwfrw D ;kd wufI pnf;urf;&Sad om'Dru kd a&pDux dk al xmif
rnf[q k akd ejcif;onf jrefrmvlxEk iS hf urBmjh ynforl sm;tm; vdrv f nfvn S jhf zm;r_jzpfonfukd jyovdu k jf cif;

abmf
jzpfonf? xd@k tjyif vGwv f yfaomw&m;pD&ifrr_ sm;udk ðyvky&f efEiS hf w&m;pGq J ckd &H olrsm;.wOD;csi;f vGwf
vyfciG Ehf iS hf tcGit hf a&;rsm;udak v;pm;&ef Edik if w H um.awmif;qdrk r_ sm;udk *¶krpdu k f vspv f sL&_vu kd jf cif;yif
jzpfonf?
xd@k uJoh @kd w&m;pD&ifa&;wGif xif&mjyKusiafh eonhf ppftm%m&Sirf sm;udk Edik if w H umtodik ;f t0dik ;f
u ta&;,l&ef txl;vdt k yfae+yjD zpfonf? ukvor*~ vl@tcGit hf a&;qdik &f mtxl;ud, k pf m;vS,rf sm;u vnf;
jrefrmppftm%m&Sirf sm;.vky&f yfukd uef@uGuaf jymqdrk r_ sm;jyKae&Hrk u/ jyefvnfw&m;ppfaq;r_rsm;jyKvyk &f efuykd g awmif;qdv k su&f o dS nf? 'Dru kd a&pD
Edik if }H u;D rsm;uvnf; etzudk jypfwifa0zefrr_ sm;vnf;jyK=uonf? xdrk #ru Edik if w H um&Sd Oya'qdik &f mtzG@J tpnf;rsm;/ w&m;pD&ifa&;qdik &f m tzG@J tpnf;
rsm;uvnf; etzvky&f yfukd onf;rcHEikd af wmhyJ ppftm%m&Sirf sm;ESihf w&m;a&;qdik &f myk*Kd~ vrf sm;udk Edik if w H umw&m;&H;k od@k pGcJ suw f ifppfaq;r_jyK&ef awmif;
qdv k mae+yjD zpfonf? vl@tcGit hf a&;qdik &f mtzG@J tpnf;rsm;uvnf; qd;k &Gm;vSonhv f @l tcGit
hf a&;csK;d azmufrr_ sm;twGuf Edik if w H umtaejzifh ta&;,laqmif
&Gurf r_ sm;jyKvyk &f ef awmif;qdak e+yjD zpfonf?
jrefrmppftm%m&Sirf sm;.vky&f yfonf tem*wfjrefrmEdik if YH Edik if aH &;/ w&m;pD&ifa&;/ vlra_ &;ESihf pD;yGm;a&;qdik &f mjy\emrsm;udk ydrk q kd ;kd &Gm;vm
aprnfvyk &f yfjzpfonf? xdu k o hJ @kd aom qd;k &Gm;vmrnfjh ynfwiG ;f tajctaeu a'owGi;f wnf+ird af &;udk +crd ;f ajcmufvmEdik o f nht f qift h xda&mufE ikd f
aoma=umifh Edik if w H umtodik ;f t0dik ;f taejzifh etz.vky&f yfukd 0dik ;f 0ef;wm;qD;ta&;,la&;onf ta&;}u;D onht f vkyw f ckjzpfvmay+y?D
jynfwiG ;f jynfy&Sd jrefrmh'rD u kd a&pDa&;tiftm;pkrsm;uvnf; etz.xifwikd ;f =uaJ eonhv f yk &f yfukd Edik if w
H umtodik ;f t0dik ;f u tao;pdwyf rkd o kd d
&Sad p&ef vkyaf qmif&efomru jrefrmEdik if . H tusyt f wnf;jy\emrsm;. t&if;tjrpfjzpfaom ppftm%m&Sipf epfcsKy+f ird ;f a&;twGuf xda&mufaom
enf;vrf;rsm;jzifh vlxt k m;jywfjywfom;om;OD;aqmifvyk af qmif&efvnf; vdt k yfae+yjD zpfonf? xd@k a=umihf Edik if w H um.zdtm;rsm; etzppftm%m&Sif
rsm;tay: wd;k wufvmapa&;vkyaf qmif&o kH mru xda&mufjywfom;onhef nf;AsL[mopfrsm;jzifh wefjyefvyk af qmif&efvnf; vdt k yfae+y[ D k ,H=k unf a=umif;
a&;om;vdu k &f ayonf?

ukvor*~txl;udk,fpm;vS,frsm;u ppftpdk;&ukd jyif;xefpGma0zef¶_wfcs

RFA / Ek0d ifbm 18 ? ? jrefrmEkid if u
H Ekid if aH &;tusO;f om;awGtay: ,refEpS u f +ird ;f csr;f pGmqENxw k af zmfcw hJ mawGe@J qufpyf+y;D wESpf
jyif; xefwahJ xmif'%fawGcsrw S af ewmeJ@ r#wr_r&Sb d J tr_awGupkd &D ifaewm wm axmifxrJ mS zrf;qD;csKyaf ESmifcx H m;cJ&h wJv h yl *k Kd~ vaf wGukd axmifw&m;
eJ@ywfoufvkd@ ukvor*~vl@tcGifhta&;txl;ukd,fpm;vS,f 5 OD;u ¶k;H awGuae wHcg;ydwv f #K› 0d uS w f &m;pD&ifaewm =o*kwv f uwnf;ujzpf
tjyif;txefa0zef¶w _ cf svu kd yf gw,f? a=umif;/ 'Dw&m;¶k;H awG[m w&m;pD&ifa&;t& vGwv f yfrr_ &Sod vdk r#w
'Dvakd 0zef¶w _ cf svukd w f hJ ukvor*~v@l tcGit hf a&;qkid &f muk, d pf m; r_r&Sad =umif; qGpZf mvefEidk if H *seD AD m®r› vl@tcGit hf a&;qkid &f mr[mrif;}u;D
vS,f 5 OD;uawmh jrefrmEkid if H vl@tcGit hf a&;qdik &f mtxl;uk, d pf m;vS,f ¶k;H uwqifh Ek0d ifbmv 18 &uf 'Dae@xkwjf yefwahJ =unmcsurf mS azmfjy
rpPwmaxmrwfuifwm;em;/ vGwfvyfwJh w&m;pD&ifa&;qdkif&mtxl; xm;ygw,f?
ukd,fpm;vS,f rpPwmvD,H'¶kd'ufpyGdKif/ vGwfvyfpGma&;om;cGifheJ@ qEN Edik if w
H umuvufcx H m;wJv h @l tcGit hf a&;udk +ird ;f +ird ;f csr;f csr;f xkwf
xkwaf zmfciG q hf idk &f mtxl;uk, d pf m;vS,f rpPwmz&ef@&m¶l;/ vl@tcGit hf a&; azmfqENjywJv h yl *k Kd~ vaf wGuzkd rf;qD;+y;D ESyd pf ufnO‡ ;f yef;aewmawGukd &yfqidk ;f
umuG,o f rl sm;qkid &f mtxl;ud, k pf m;vS,f rpPrm*&ufqu D wf*g,eJ@ bm ay;bk@d / &oifw h hJ vGwv f yfr#wwJ=h um;emppfaq;r_e@J pD&ifcsuaf wGusio hf ;Hk
oma&;eJ@udk;uG,f,kH=unfr_qdkif&mtxl;udk,fpm;vS,f rpPtufpfrm,m bd@k tjyif olw@kd tr_awGuv kd udk yf gaqmif¶u G af y;aewJah &›aS eawGukd zrf;qD;
[ef*&D mwk@d jzpfygw,f? axmifcsxm;wmuae tjrefjyefvw $ af y;bd@k ukvor*~txl;ud, k pf m; vS,f
'Da=unmcsufeJ@ywfouf+yD; 'D¶kH;uajymcGifh&olwOD;jzpfwJh Ms. 5 OD;u jrefrmtm%mydik af wGukd txl;wku d wf eG ;f xm;ygw,f?
Orlagh McCann u AFP udt k wnfðyajymygw,f? t&ifuawmif;qd+k y;D om;jzpfwhJ ygwpD 'Hk rD u dk a&pDpepfajymif;vJa&;
ae&mXmetrsm;tjym;u&wJh owif;tcsuftvufawGudkt& rSm vGwv f yf+y;D w&m;r#wwJw h a¶G;aumufyjJG zpfb@dk / tajccHOya'opfukd
jrefrmEkid if u
H tusO;f om;awGukd axmif'%fEpS &f n S cf s+y;D pD&ifaewmawG [m jyefvnfjyifqif+y;D Ekid if w H umvl@tcGit hf a&;pHawGe@J tnDa&;qJb G @kd / Ekid if H
vG w f v yf p G m qEN x k w f a zmf c G i f h / pk a 0;cG i f h t ygt0if tajccH v l @ tcG i f h a&;tusO;f om;tm;vk;H jyefvw $ b f @kd eJ@ wyfrawmfe@J w&m;pD&ifa&;pepfjyif
ta&;awGuq kd ef@usiaf ewmeJ@qufpyfae+y;D ukvor*~txl;uk, d pf m; vS,f qifb@kd awGukd taumiftxnfazmfb@kd ukv d nf; 'Duae@a=unmcsurf mS
5 OD;t=um; txl;pkd;&drfylyefwJhtwGuf tckvdk yl;wJGa=unmcsuf xyfraH wmif;qdx k m;ygw,f?
xkwjf yefwmygv@kd rpP McCann uajymoGm;ygw,f?
Page 2 Voice of Burma 685 November 23 , 2008
 ESp&f nS af xmif'%fe‹J Oya'rJwh &m;pD&ifrt_ ay: ukvor*~u jyif;xefpmG ¶_wcf s
VOA / Ek0d ifbm 18 ? ? Edik if aH &;wufºuv_y&f mS ;olawGukd eSp&f n
S af xmif +idpGef;wJhtxJu wckukdomtjypfay;&r,fvkd@ Oya'jyXmef;csuf twd
'%fawGcsrw S w f ahJ e&mrSm ckcx H ak csyidk cf iG /hf w&m;pD&ifru _ dk trsm;=um;em tus&w dS ,f/ 'gawGe@J vnf; tukeq f ef@usiaf ew,f”
cGirhf &Sw d ma=umifh Oya'eJ@rnD!w G b f ;l qd+k y;D jynfwiG ;f jynfyua0zefra_ wG 'gq&kd if jypf'%fcsrw S w f w
hJ &m;ol}u;D awG&@J qk;H jzwfcsuu f kd tkycf sKyf
vnf; &Sv d maeygw,f? jrefrmEdik if q H idk &f m ukvor*~v@l tcGit hf a&;ud, k f a&;ykid ;f upGuzf ufaew,fv@kd =um;wJt h cgusawmh tcktrde@f cswahJ e&mrSm
pm;vS,f Tomas Ojea Quintana tygt0if ukvor*~v@l tcGit hf a&; w&m;a&;t& vGwv f w G v f yfvyfvyk u f idk Ef ikd w
f ,fv@dk ,lqvd@k &ygovm;?
t&m&Sd 5 OD;uvnf; tckvdkjyif;xefwJhaxmif'%fawGcsrSwfaewm[m “&&Sw d o hJ wif;awGt& tJ'v D v kd w G v f w G v f yfvyfvyk u f idk cf iG rhf &bl;
Ekid if w
H umvl@tcGit hf a&;pHEe_ ;f eJ@rnDb;l vd@k 'Duae@a0zefvu kd yf gw,f? vd@k jrifw,f/ jypf'%fcswahJ e&mrSm apmapmuajymovdk action wckxu J
'D&ufyikd ;f xJrmS wufºuv_y&f mS ;olawGukd axmif'%fEpS &f n S cf srwS f jzpfvmwJyh 'k rf awGxu J wckyaJ y;&r,f/ jypf'%fawGtoD;oD;csrw S &f if vnf;
wm[m jyif;xefvGef+yD; w&m;pD&ifr_[mvnf; r#wr_r&Sdbl;vdk@ jrefrm waygi;f wnf;csrw S v f @kd &w,f/ 'grrS [kw&f if wck+y;D wck csrw S v f @kd &w,f/
Ekid if qH idk &f m ukvor*~v@l tcGit hf a&;ud, k pf m;vS,f rpPwmuifwm;em; 'g w&m;ol}uD;&J@qifjcifwkH? aemuf w&m;ol}uD;&J@qifjcifwkHwck u
tygt0if vl@tcGit hf a&;t&m&Sd 5 OD;u 'Dae@yJ vufrw S x f ;dk +y;D a=unm jypf'%fawGu axmif'%f 1 &ufuae 10 ESpftxd&Sd&if 'Dw&m;cH
csux f w k jf yefvu dk yf gw,f? 'ge@J ywfouf+y;D rpPwmuifwm;em;u VOA ukd wa,muf jypfru _ sL;vGew f ,fv@kd jrif&ifawmif 1 &ufay;&rSmvm;/ 5 ESpf
tckvadk jymygw,f? ay;&rSmvm;/ 6 ESpaf y;&rSmvm;/ 'g qifjcifw/Hk tckjypf'%fawGukd usaemf
“Ekid if aH &;wufºuv_y&f mS ;olawGudk tckvakd xmif'%fjypf'%fawG wd@k =unfv h u dk w f t hJ cg tJ'v D qkd ifjcifwrHk sK;d ok;H w,fqw kd t hJ "dyg` ,rf sK;d vk;H 0
csrw S &f mrSm w&m;¶k;H =um;emppfaq;r_ r#wr_r&Sw d mawG/ w&m;a&;vGwf rawG@bl;/ tjrifq h ;Hk jypf'%fay;w,f”
vyfciG rhf &Sw d mawGtay:rSm olw@kd vl@tcGit hf a&;uk, d pf m;vS,af wGtaeeJ@ ckevdrk sK;d tkycf sKyaf &;ydik ;f upGuzf ufw,fyx J m;OD;/ w&m;ol}u;D awG
pk;d &drrf +d y;D tckvyk &f yf[m ppftpd;k &uvkyrf ,fh vmr,fh 2010 a¶G;aumuf bufu qifjcifww Hk &m;rok;H Ekid w f u hJ pd u P a&m w&m;a&;ydik ;f rSm w&m;ol
yGt J pDtpOfuv dk nf; xdcu dk af pw,f” vd@k rpPwmuifwm;em;uajymjyoGm; }u;D csKyOf ;D atmifw;dk wk@d bmwd@k bmrSvyk Ef idk cf iG rhf &Sad wmhb;l vm;?
ygw,f? “'DOpPmu w&m;a&;Xmewckv;Hk eJ@oufqidk yf gw,f/ olw@kd bm a=umifh
tckvkd jrefrmEkid if w H iG ;f rSm Ekid if aH &;v_y&f mS ;olawGukd ESp&f n S af xmif tJ'v D wkd &m;pD&ifaevJqw kd mudak wmh olw@kd yJyo dk rd ,f/ od@k aomf tjriftm;jzifh
'%fawGcsrSwfaewm/ e,fpGefe,fzsm;axmifawGudkajymif;a¶$@wmawGukd w&m;r#wr_r&Sb d ;l qdw k m jrif&w,fqw kd mudyk aJ jymEdik w f m yg”
olw@kd taeeJ@vnf; teD;uyfapmif=h unfah ew,fv@dk tckvadk jymjyygw,f? +y;D cJwh EhJ pS u f wnf;uzrf;qD;cHc&hJ wJh Ekid if aH &;v_y&f mS ;olawGukd ESpf
“88 rsK;d qufausmif;om;acgi;f aqmifawGe@J wjcm;Ekid if aH &;tusO;f &Snfaxmif'%fawGcsrSwfaewJhudpP[m vuf&SdOya'eJ@rnD!Gwfbl;vdk@
om;awGukd axmifcswmawG/ e,fpeG ef ,fzsm;axmifawGuakd jymif;a¶$@wm jynfwiG ;f jynfyu a0zefae=uwmyg?
awGukd usaemfw@kd odxm;ygw,f/ +y;D cJw h hJ vl@tcGit hf a&;aumifpD ESpyf wf rpPwmuifwm;em;uawmh jrefrmEkid if rH mS w&m;a&;vGwv f yfciG hf
vnfnv D mcHrmS wke;f u ol@taeeJ@ jrefrmEkid if rH mS Ekid if aH &;tusO;f om;awG r&Sdwm/ w&m;a&;vkyfydkifcGifhudk tkyfcsKyfa&;ydkif;upGufzufaew,fqdk+yD;
ukdv$wfay;bdk@ jrefrmppftpdk;&udka&m/ ukvor*~vl@tcGifhta&;aumif +y;D cJw
h o hJ @l &J@tpD&ifcpH mrSmaxmufjycJw h ,fv@kd vnf; ajymqdo k mG ;ygw,f?
pDuydk g t}uðH ycJw h ,f” vd@k qkyd gw,f?
tck jrefrmppftpd;k &&J@vky&f yf[m 'Dt}uðH ycsuef @J qef@usiaf ewm
rk@d tckvakd xmif'%fawGcsaewm/ e,fpeG ef ,fzsm;axmifawGudk Ekid if aH &;
tusO;f om;awGuadk jymif;aewmawGukd &yfypfoifw h ,fv@dk rpPwmuifwm;
rsKd;qufopfvil ,frsm;tpnf;t&H;k 0ifrsm;axmifcscH&
em;uajymygw,f? DVB / Ek0d ifbm 20 ? ?rsKd;qufopfvli,frsm;tpnf;t±kH; (*sefea&;
trsK;d om;'Dru kd a&pDtzG@J csKyf ajyma&;qdck iG &hf o dS l a&›aS eOD;^m%f0if; &Si;f a0hA)f u [pfa[mhtqdak wmf aZ,smaomf tygt0if 6 OD;udk w&m;r
uvnf; tckvuf&jdS refrmEkid if rH mS ESp&f n S af xmif'%fawGcsrw S af ewm[m 0iftoif;zG@J pnf;r_e@J vrf;rawmf®re› ,f w&m;ol}u;D a':jzLjzLckid u f axmif
jrefrmEkid if rH mS &Sad ewJOh ya'eJ@ rnD!w G b f ;l vd@k tckvakd xmufjyygw,f? '%f 5 ESppf cD srw S yf gw,f?
“'Dvjdk ypf'%fcswmawG[m Oya'eJ@rnDb;l vd@k jrifw,f/ 'DpyG pf cJG &H udak Z,smaomfukd w&m;r0iftoif;zG@J pnf;r_e@J omru yk'rf -6§88
olawG vGwv f yfpmG ckcaH csycGirhf &bl;/ pdwóf uufa&›aS eiSg;&rf;cGiv hf nf; tcuf EdkifiHjcm;aiG w&m;r0ifudkifaqmifr_ yk'fr 24§1 eJ@ axmif'%f 1 ESpf
tcJ&w dS ,f/ a&›aS eawG ud, k v f , S pf m&bd@k vnf; tcuftcJ&w dS ,f/ a&›aS e awG oD;jcm;csrSwfwma=umifh pkpkaygif; axmif'%f 6 ESpfcsrSwfcH&w,fvdk@
w&m;¶kH;a&›Sa&mufbdk@vnf; tcuftcJ&Sdw,f/ 'g yxrwcsuf Oya' aZ,smaf omf&@J ta': a':cifoef;aX;u ajymygw,f?
t&csK› , d iG ;f csu?f 'kw, d tcsut f aeeJ@ w&m;pD&ifrq _ w kd m trsm;jynfol axmif'%fcsrSwfcH&wJh vli,fawGuawmh udkaZ,smaomf/ udk
a&›rS mS ppfaq;pD&if&r,f/ tck 'Dtr_awGu b,ftrsm;jynforl S =um;em atmifaZ®z;/ udt k mumAd/k uko d [D 0if;wif/ udak 0vGirf sK;d eJ@ ud&k efEikd o
f wl @kd yg?
cGirhf &bl;/ 0ifa&mufciG rhf &bl;? wwd,csK› , d iG ;f csut f aeeJ@ tukev f ;Hk awmf udak Z,smaomfe@J ol@oli,fcsi;f 6 OD;udk rwf 12 &ufrmS &efuek /f q&mpH
awmfrsm;rsm;rSm yk'rf 143/ 145/ 147 'Dvw dk ef;pD+y;D jypf'%fawGukd yk'rf vrf;u pm;aomufqidk w f qkid rf mS ppfzufa&;&mvH+k cKH a&;tzG@J u zrf;qD;cJyh g
wcktvdu k f toD;oD;csw,f/ tJ'ga=umifh jypf'%fawGu 'Dvrkd sm;aewm/ w,f? tJ'aD emuf vrf;rawmf®re› ,f &Jpcef;r–; ol&xGe;f u w&m;vdt k jzpf
vuf&jdS refrmEkid if OH ya'jyXmef;csurf mS vky&f yfwcku jypfrO_ ya'trsK;d rsK;d eJ@ w&m;pGcJ w hJ myg? w&m;vdak &Sa› euawmh a':eef;at;crfyg? udak Z,smaomf
+ipd eG ;f Ekid wf ,f/ tJ'v D +kd ipd eG ;f wJyh 'k rf awGwckcsi;f tvdu k f tjypfay;vd@k r&bl;/ bufuaqmif&u G af y;wJh a&S@aeawGu OD;atmif}u;D eJ@ a':at;at;Edik yf g?
November 23, 2008 Voice of Burma 685 Page 3
 12345678901234
12345678901234
12345678901234
jrefrmhta&;ESifh tar&duefoabmxm; OD;atmifcif
12345678901234
12345678901234
12345678901234
12345678901234
rsufarSmufa&;&mok;H oyfcsuf
12345678901234
vGecf w hJ hJ =o*kwv f u xkid ;f Ekid if u H dk a&mufvmwJh tar&dueforw 12345678901234
Bush u jrefrmjynfrmS rif;qk;d rif;npfty k pf ;dk wJph epf ed*;Hk csKyo f mG ;atmif
0kid ;f 0ef;óu;yrf;=uzk@d aqmf=ooGm;ygw,f? 'Dru dk a&pDe@J vl@tcGit hf a&;ukd 'gayr,fh Armppftpk;d &ukd '%fcwfta&;,lwmukd ¶kwo f rd ;f apvkd
*¶krpdu k w f hJ Armppftpk;d &ukd tar&dueftpd;k &tqufqufu '%fcwft wJEh idk if aH wGe@J Obama tpk;d & b,fvv dk ufwaJG qmif¶u G rf ,fqw dk mukd awmh
a&;,lvmwm tESpf 20 &Sad e+y/D tckvnf; Armtpk;d &todik ;f t0kid ;f uk'd %f apmifh=unhfzkd@om&Sdygw,f? b,fvdkyJjzpfjzpf rl0g'tajccHwJh EkdifiHjcm;
cwfta&;,lwOhJ ya'awGudk tar&duefueG *f &ufvw $ af wmfrmS jyXmef;xm; a&;vrf;pOfudk aemufwufvmr,fh tar&dueftpd;k &opfu pGe@f v$wrf mS
w,f/ 'Dvv dk yk wf m[m jynfwiG ;f a&;rSm 0ifa&mufpu G zf ufwmvk@d w¶kwef @J r[kwb f ;l vd@k ,lqEkid yf gw,f? 'guvnf; ta=umif;&Syd gw,f?
Armppftpd;k &u,lqw,f? yxrta=umif;u 'Dru dk a&pDjri‡ w hf ifwhJ Ekid if jH cm;a&;0g'[m tar
tar&dueftpdk;&uawmh 'Drkdua&pDjr‡ifhwifa&;rl0g't&qufqH &duef&J@¶kyfykdif;qkdif&mtusKd;pD;yGm;ukd rxdckdufwJhtcsufygyJ/ EkdifiHjcm;rS
wmyg/ 'gayr,fh tD&wfEidk if x H J 0ifa&muf+y;D rif;qk;d rif;npfudk ðzwfcswhJ txl;ojzifh jrefrmjynfrmS 'Dru dk a&pDjri‡ w hf ifv@dk tar&duefEidk if &H @J vufawG@
vky&f yfrsK;d [m tar&dueftusK;d pD;yGm;ukd xdcu dk w f ,fqw dk thJ ,ltq acwf tusK;d pD;yGm; qkw¶f w k o f mG ;rSmr[kwyf gb;l ?
pm;vmw,f/ 'DEpS x f rJ mS vufawG@tusK;d pD;yGm;OD;pm;ay;a&;ukd xkwaf zmf 'kw, d ta=umif;uawmh a¶G;cs,cf o H rwopf[m 'Dru dk a&pDEidk if H
ajymqkdwmawG rsm;vmwmawG@&w,f/ 0g&Sifweftajcpkduf German tcsi;f csi;f yl;aygi;f aqmif¶u G w f hJ a'oqkid &f mr[mAsL[mukd tav;ay;wm
Marshall Fund tzG@J u rESpu f ppfwrf;aumuf=unfw h t hJ cg Ekid if jH cm;rSm ygy/J tm&Sa'ownf+ird af &;twGuf ykrd u dk s,jf yef@wJh 'Dru dk a&pDr[mrdwf
'Drkdua&pDjr‡ifhwifzkd@óu;pm;wmrsKd;ukdróuufwJh tar&duefEkdifiHom;awG wnfaqmufzkd@ Obama u pdwful;ykH&ygw,f? ukvor*~vkHðcHa&;
wk;d yGm;aew,fv@dk od&w,f/ emrnf}u;D a0zefa&;orm;tcsK@d uvnf; tar aumifprD mS w¶kwef @J ¶k&mS ; aESmif, h u S af ewmukd ausmv f m$ ;Ekid zf @dk urBm'h rD dk
&dueftusK;d pD;yGm;jri‡ w hf ifz@dk om Ekid if aH &;vrf;pOfrmS OD;pm;ay;oifw h ,fv@kd ua&pDr[mrdwu f dk zG@J pnf;&r,fv@dk Obama u ajymzl;w,f?
qkw d ,f? wwd,ta=umif;uawmh pdww f o l abmwl'rD u dk a&pDEidk if aH wGe@J
a¶G;cs,cf H tar&dueforwopf Obama uvnf; xda&mufr,fh vufww JG m[m vkðH caH &;eJ@ 'Dru dk a&pDjri‡ w hf ifa&;twGuf taumif;qk;H enf;
Ekid if aH &;vrf;pOfudk usio hf ;Hk &r,fv@dk ajymw,f/ vuf&o dS rw Bush vkd jzpfw,fv@dk tar&duefacgi;f aqmifyidk ;f u ,k=H unfxm;ygw,f? 'Dru kd a&pD
“rif;qkd;rif;npfwkdufzsufa&;”qkdwJh EkdifiHjcm;a&;0g'rsKd;rajymawmhbl;/ tiftm;pkupdk pk nf;wJh Ekid if jH cm;a&;vrf;pOfjzpfygw,f? w¶kwOf ;D aqmifwhJ
qkd;0g;wJhjrefrmhtajctaeukd tar&duefeJ@ EkdifiHwumtodkif;t0kdif;u tm%m&Sit f yk pf u
k w kd @Hk jyef&mrSm 'Denf;[m txda&mufq;Hk vk@d ,lq=u w,f?
vufyu dk =f unhaf evk@d rjzpfawmhwt hJ wGuf ukvor*~vðHk caH &;aumifprD mS 'Drdkua&pDoabmw&m;eJ@ w&m;Oya'ukdwefzkd;xm;wJh *syef tdENd,
wifruawmhyJ EkdifiHtcsif;csif;nd‡E_dif;+yD; ta&;,laqmif¶Guf&r,fvkd@ tif'edk ;D &Sm;pwJEh idk if aH wGe@J vufww JG m[m 'Dru kd a&pDe@J tar&dueftusK;d pD;
Obama u ,k=H unfw,f/ Bush tpd;k &vkd ta&S@tv,fa'owckwnf; yGm;ukd jri‡ w hf if&ma&mufw,fv@kd jrif=uw,f?
tm¶kpH u dk w f m[m tcsn;f ES;D jzpfw,fv@kd Obama u jrifw,f? tm&Sa'orSm 'Dru kd a&pDoabmw&m;ukd wefz;dk xm;wJEh idk if aH wG
EkdifiHwumtokdif;t0kdif;u xdxda&mufa&mufta&;r,lEkdifwm tiftm;aumif;vmavav w¶kwu f vnf; wm0efoo d ed @J ðyrlaqmif¶u G f
a=umifh Armppftpk;d &[m xifovkv d yk af ewmjzpfwt hJ wGuf tar&duefu avavjzpfvmvdrfhr,fvkd@ ar#mfvifhygw,f? w¶kwfeJ@ jrefrmukd ulnD
OD;aqmif+y;D ukeo f , G b f ufEidk if aH wGudk ndE‡ id_ ;f &r,fv@dk vnf; Obama u axmufyHh¶kHeJ@rajymif;vJEkdifwmukd *syefu oabmaygufvmykH&ygw,f?
,k=H unfw,f/ tmqD,t H zG@J w¶kwf tdE, dN eJ@ *syefw@dk eJ@vufw+JG y;D jrefrmh'rD dk 'Drudk a&pDxeG ;f um;a&;eJ@ w&m;Oya'pk;d rk;d a&;rSm yg0ifvyk u f idk zf @dk vdt
k yfwm
ua&pDa&;ukd ulnED idk af tmifóu;yrf;r,fv@kd Obama &J@a=unmcsurf mS ukd *syefoabmayguw f t hJ wGuf tdE, dN =opa=w;vsm; e,l;ZDvef pwJh
azmfjyw,f? 'Drudk a&pDEidk if aH wG ta&S@tm&Sxyd o f ;D aqG;aEG;yGrJ mS yg0ifvmatmif *syefu
tajymif;tvJjzpfz@dk twGuf jynfwiG ;f u vkyaf qmif&rSmjzpfayr,fh óu;pm;cJyh gw,f? w¶kwv f r$ ;f rk;d wmukw d @Hk jyefcsi&f if jrefrmjynfrmS 'Dru dk a&pD
owWdajymifajrmufwJhjrefrmjynfom;awGukd EkdifiHwumtokdif;t0kdif;u xGe;f um;atmifvyk w f m[m tdE, dN twGuf taumif;qk;H vk@d ,lq=u w,f?
ulnt D m;ay;zk@d vkt d yfa=umif;eJ@ orw Bush &J@ xyfr'H %fcwfta&;,l tar&duef&@J tm&S'rD u dk a&pDr[mrdwaf wG[m *syef awmifu&dk ;D
wmukód uqkad =umif; Obama u 2007 pufwifbmvrSm a=unmxkwf ,m; xkid 0f rf zdvpfyidk f tif'edk ;D &Sm; =opa=w;vsm;eJ@ e,l;ZDvefEidk if aH wGjzpf
jyefygw,f? Obama [m tar&duef&@J tD&wfppfyu JG dk tpuwnf;u ygw,f? Armhta&;twGuf ykód u;pm;=uzd@k orw Bush u tay:pD;eJ@ajym
qef@usio f jl zpfw,f/ tD&wfe@J tmz*efepPwefuo dk m tm¶kpH u dk af ewJh Bush ovkd Obama u ajymr,frxifb;l vk@d vnf; ok;H oyf=uygw,f? uk, d u
f sK;d
tpk;d &vrf;pOfudk Obama u ajymif;vJvrd rhf ,fv@kd ,lq=uw,f/ txl; pD;yGm;uko d mOD;pm;ay;vk@d jrefrmhta&;rSmrpGuzf ufvw dk m w¶kwEf idk if jH cm;
ojzifh tmqD,aH 'oeJ@ ta&S@tm&Sa&;&mrl0g'rSm ajymif;vJz, G &f ydS gw,f? a&;0g'yg/ Ekid if w H um pHowfrw S cf suu f dk av;pm;zk@d Armppftpk;d &ukd wku d f
tmqD,H tar&duefqufqaH &;rSm Armppftpk;d &[m uef@vef@ wGe;f wm[m rl0g'OD;pm;ay;wJ0h g'yg? urBmo h rkid ;f uk=d unf&h ifawmh rl0g'ukd
uef@vef@jzpfaeayrJh tmqD,t H zG@J uwqifh jrefrmukd yk+d y;D zdtm;ay;Ekid v f rd hf wefz;dk xm;wJh 'Dru dk a&pDEidk if aH wGuom atmifjrifwmawG@&ygw,f? Armh
r,fqw dk hJ t,ltqyJjzpfygw,f/ jrefrmhjy\emukd a'oqkid &f mjy\em jy\emukd urBmhjy\emjzpfatmifvkyf+yD; tajz&Smr,fhoabmjzpfae
ok@d r[kwf urBmjh y\emtjzpf ukid w f ,G rf ,fo h abmygy/J Armppftpd;k &ukd w,fv@dk ,lq=uygw,f?
xdawG@qufq+H y;D oabmxm;ajymif;vJvmatmifvyk zf @dk &nf¶, G w f ehJ nf;
jzpfy&Hk w,f?
Page 4 Voice of Burma 685 November 23 , 2008
 a&$0ga&mifawmfvSefa&;acgif;aqmif t&Sif*rBD&udk axmifESpf&SnfcsrSwf
VOA / Ek0d ifbm 18 ? ? jrefrmppftpdk;&u EdkifiHa&;wufºuv_yf&Sm; t&qd&k ifvnf; waygi;f wnf;vky+f y;D t}u;D qk;H [meJ@pJcG suw f if&r,f[ h m udk
olawGukd 'D&ufyidk ;f twGi;f axmif'%fjypf'%fawGcsrw S af e&mrSm 'Duae@rSm yk'rf q,fcak vmufvyk +f y;D tJ'q D ,fcpk vk;H eJ@tjypfay;+y;D tJ't D jypfawG aygi;f +y;D
awmh xif&mS ;wJh oHCmawmft&Si*f rB&D tygt0if zrf;qD;cHxm;&olawG ukd 33 avmuf j zpf o G m ;wJ h o abmaygh / 'g[m Oya't&rS m ;,G i f ; wm/
ESpf&Snfaxmif'%fawG qufvufcsrSwfvdkufygw,f? wufºuv_yf&Sm; usaemfjrifwmawmh vk;H 0w&m;Oya'eJ@uku d n f rD r_ &Sb
d ;l / w&m;¶k;H uvnf;
olawGukd }u;D av;wJjh ypf'%fawGcsrw S af evd@k jynfwiG ;f jynfyua0zefoH w&m;¶k;H emrnfomcH+y;D olw@kd rSm tm%modyrf &Sw d o hJ abm/ tay:uae
awGxu G af y:aewJ=h um;uyJ tckvq kd ufvufvyk af qmifaewmvnf;jzpf 'Davmufay;/ cifAsm;wd@k a=unmqk+d y;D 'DoabmyJ/ olw@kd rrSew f mudk tr_
ygw,f? ppfwt hJ csed rf mS vnf; 'DOpPmawG w&m;Oya't&rrSeb f ;l / a&Sa› eawGuwif
xdef;odrf;cHae&wJh EdkifiHa&;wufºuv_yf&Sm;olawGudk ae@pOf&uf jyw,f rrSerf eS ;f udk vdjk youfaoawGu, kd wf idk u
f 0efcw H ,f/ tJ'gurkd y,f
qufqo kd vdk axmif'%fjypf'%fawGp&D ifcsrw S af ewJt h xJrmS tckaemuf zsufbJ qdkif;xm;+yD; olwdk@ay;wJhtjypfudkay;ckdif;wm/ tJ'Dawmh 'g[m
qkH;qdk&if +yD;cJhwJhESpfpufwifbmoHCmawmfawG&J@ arwWmykd@ºucsDv_yf&Sm; w&m;¶k;H qdw k mvnf;r&Sad wmhb;l / usaemhtjrifrmS 'Dw&m;pD&ifa&;u vnf;
r_awGrmS xif&mS ;cJw h t hJ &Si*f rB&D tygt0if wufºuv_y&f mS ;ol wkid ;f &if;om; ®yvJomG ;+y/D usaemfw@dk Edik if rH mS r¾Kid o f ;Hk ckqw kd m r&Sad wmhb;l / tm%mykid f
vli,ftcsK› u d ykd g ESp&f n S af xmif'%fawGcsrw S v f u kd wf myg? omoemn‡K;d EGr;f wckwnf;yJ&w dS ,f/ 'gu trde@f / cscsiw f mcs/ zrf;csiw f mzrf;/ 'DoabmrsK;d jzpf
apr_/ EkdifiHawmf+idrf0yfydjym;a&;udkxdcdkufapr_/ Oya'rJh vlpkvla0;awGrSm oGm;w,f”
yg0ifr_ pwmawGtygt0if pGypf cJG sut f rsm;tjym;eJ@&ifqidk af e&wJh t&Sif 'D&ufyidk ;f twGi;f Ekid if aH &;wufºuv_y&f mS ;olawGukd axmif'%fcs
*rB&D ukd 'Duae@ tif;pdeaf xmifwiG ;f txl;w&m;cGiu f ae axmif'%f 12 ESp/f rSww f mawGvyk af qmifae¶ko H mru jypf'%fcsrw S cf cH &hJ +y;D olawGuv kd nf;
ole@J twl aemufxyf&[ef;awmfwyg;jzpfwhJ OD;auvmoukd 35 ESpf txd rdom;pke@J a0;&m e,faxmifawGuykd @kd aqmifaewmawG&v dS @dk rdom;pkawG
ESp&f n S af xmif'%fawGcsrw S cf whJ myg? taeeJ@ pd;k &dryf yl efp&mawGuvnf; jzpfae&wmyg?
'Duae@ tif;pdeaf xmifwiG ;f txl;w&m;¶k;H uae tckvjkd ypf'%fawG “tJ'u D pd eP @J usaemfw@kd tylyifq;Hk Asm/ tcku csr;f wJ&h moDvnf;jzpf
pD&ifcJhwmawG&SdcJhovdk aemufxyfpGyfpGJcsufawGeJ@ &ifqkdifae&qJjzpfwJh w,f/ olw@kd eJ@vnf; awG@bd@k tcGiu hf r&awmh tcku trde@f cs+y;D +y/D trde@f
t&Sif*rBD&taeeJ@ qufvufjypf'%fawGpD&ifcH&p&m&Sdaeao;wJhtajc csvu kd w f mawmh xm;vdu k yf g/ axmifxrJ mS tem;ay;cdik ;f wmayg/h 'gayrJh
taeeJ@ywfoufvdk@ rdom;pkeJ@eD;pyfwJh EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;rdom;pk0if 'DrmS tem;ray;bJ e,fpeG ef ,fzsm;yk@d r,f/ +y;D awmh tJ'rD mS &moDOwku vnf;
wa,mufajymjywmu wrsKd;pD/ vkHavmufwJht0wftpm;vnf;rygEdkifqdkawmh tJ'DtwGuf
“OD;*rB&D u 12 ESp/f OD;auvmo rEœav;u 35 ESp/f tJ'v D ckd svu kd f usaemfw@kd pdwyf w l m”
w,f/ yk'rf awGuawmh trsm;}u;D yJ/ OD;*rB&D uawmh rjywfao;bl;ajym w,f/ 'Duae@ axmif'%f 33 ESpt f xdtjypfay;cHc&hJ wJh Zdrk ;D wkid ;f &if;om;
aemufxyfwJGp&mawG&Sdao;w,f/ rsm;bdk@tvm;tvm&Sdw,f/ 30 vli,fawG&J@zcifeJ@ OD;av;jzpfolvnf;jzpf/ wkdif;&if;om;EkdifiHa&;acgif;
ausmrf ,f/ olvnf;yJ tJ'aD vmufyjJ zpfrmS yJ” aqmifvnf;jzpfwhJ OD;usi&hf iS ;f xefjzpfygw,f?
'Dvykd J 'Duae@ tif;pdeaf xmifwiG ;f txl;w&m;¶k;H awGuyJ +y;D cJw h hJ ESpf +y;D cJw
h &hJ ufyikd ;f twGi;f axmif'%fjypf'%fcsrw S cf +hJ y;D om;jzpfwhJ bkd
pufwifbmvxJwek ;f u oHCmhvy_ &f mS ;r_awGaemufqufwzGJ rf;qD;cH cJ&h wJh uav;®r›u wufºuv_yf&Sm;olvli,fwcs›Kdukdvnf; usefaeao;wJhpGyfpGJ
wdik ;f &if;om;vli,fwcsK› [ d mqk&d ifvnf; ESp&f n S af xmif'%fjypf'%f awG csuaf wGxu J wcsK› u d qdk ufvufppfaq;+y;D aemufxyfw;dk jypf'%fawGcsrw S f
csrSwfcHcJh&ygw,f? 'DtxJrSm xif&Sm;wJh wkdif;&if;om;EkdifiHa&;acgif; wmvnf;&Scd w hJ ,fv@dk Ekid if aH &;tusO;f om;rdom;pkawGuajymjy=uygw,f?
aqmifwOD;jzpfwhJ Zdrk ;D uGe*f &ufygwOD uUX OD;usi&hf iS ;f xef&@J om;jzpfol uef
rvrfcyk f ac: udak usmpf ;kd / wljzpfol uyfcef;cGge@J olw@kd eJ@twl &cdik t f rsK;d tifwmeufo;kH r_jzifh Zm*em axmif'%f 45 ESpcf scH&
om;wOD;jzpfwhJ ukw d ifxeG ;f atmifw@kd udk axmif'%f 33 ESppf D csrw S v f ukd f
wmyg? 'ge@J ywfoufv@kd OD;usi&hf iS ;f xefuq kd ufo, G af r;jref;=unfyh gw,f? RFA / Ek0d ifbm 21 ? ? vl&i$ af wmfZm*emac: udo
k &l tygt0if t,f'D
“usaemf=um;wm om;u 33 ESp/f wluawmh 8 ESp/f olw@kd twGu J wm udak ZmfoufaxG; uko d ef@Zifatmife@J ukw d ifarmifat;wd@k 4 OD;udk 'Dae@
okH;OD;qkdawmh aemufwa,muf wifxGef;atmifqdkwJhvlu 33 ESpfyJ/ tif;pdeaf xmiftxl;w&m;±H;k uae axmif'%ftoD;oD;csrw S v f u
kd yf gw,f?
usaemfuawmh ud, k w f idk rf oGm;bl;/ tJ'v D ykd =J um;wmyJ/ usaemfw@kd 0ifv@kd ukZd m*emudk tDvufx&Ge;f epfy'k rf 3 cktwGuf axmif'%f 45 ESpf
r&vd@k / usaemfw@kd &Sad evnf; 0ifciG rhf ðybl;/ usaemfw@kd vnf; 0ifv@kd r&wmeJ@ udak ZmfoufaxG;eJ@ udo k ef@Zifatmifukd tDvufx¶Ge;f epfy'k rf 1 ck twGuf
axmift0uaeapmifah ewmayg/h om;wa,mufuapmifah ewm” axmif'%f 15 ESppf eD @J udw k ifarmifat;ukd yk'rf 2 cktwGuf axmif'%f
pufwifbmoHCmawmfawG&J@v_yf&Sm;r_awGeJ@ qufEG,fzrf;qD;cH 29 ES p f c srS w f v d k u f y gw,f ? tck v d k ud k Z m*emwk d @ 4 OD ; axif ' %f
cJ&h +y;D tckaemufq;Hk 'Dv}dk u;D av;wJjh ypf'%fawGcsrw S v f u
kd w f m[m jrefrm csrwS cf &H wmeJ@ywfouf+y;D ESrjzpfol r+ird ;f tckvakd jymjyygw,f?
Ekid if u
H w&m;pD&ifa&;pepf ,k, d iG ;f aewmudjk yovku d wf myJq+dk y;D ud, k w f idk f “ukdol&u tr_r+yD;ao;bl;? aemufav;r_usefao;w,f? aZmf
vnf;Oya'ynm&Siw f OD;jzpfwhJ OD;usi&hf iS ;f xefuqdyk gw,f? oufaxG;u oluwr_yJ useaf wmhw,f? oef;jrihaf tmifu AD', D kd usef
“oHCmawmfta&;tcif;rSm olw@kd vnf;ygw,fqw kd thJ aetxm; ao;w,f? uwH;k ac: wifarmifat;u 29 ESpf tDvufx&Ge;f epfe@J olu
rsKd;eJ@ 'Dyk'frawGxnfhxm;wmaygh/ 'DOpPm rqDrqdkifjzpfaew,f/ +yD;awmh rSwyf w
kH iftwkuikd af qmifrq _ +dk y;D awmh uko
d &l u txl;aqmifayg?h olw@dk u
w&m;Oya'qdw k m w&ufwnf; wvwnf;rSmjzpfysuaf ewJh olw@kd pJcG suf 5 aqmifwu dk f tJvdk ae&mawmh rwlb;l ? ±H;k xkw&f ifawmhawG@awG@ae&wm
pmrsufEmS 6 odŒk
November 23, 2008 Voice of Burma 685 Page 5
 ESpf&Snfaxmif'%fpD&ifcsufESifh axmifajymif;a&G@r_rsm; qufwkdufjzpfae
DVB / Ek0d ifbm 18 ? ? pnfoal rmif/ &Jjrwf[ed ;f / Zifvif;atmiftyg onf;cHtm;uawmh awmfawmfudk arG;,l&ygw,f? tefwD =umyaw;ae@u
t0if rsK;d qufopfausmif;om;acgi;f aqmif 7 OD;ukd tif;pdeaf xmif0if; txl; awG@wmawmh use;f rma&;uaumif;ygw,f? oluawmh a&$@r,fqw dk m
w&m;±H;k u 'Dae@axmif'%fcsrw S yf gw,f? oluvnf; ar#mv f ifx h m;w,f/ tefwu D vnf; ar#mv f ifx
h m;w,f? olcEH idk f
olw@kd 7 OD;udk yk'rf 505 (c)/ yk'rf 143/ 145/ 147 wk@d eJ@ axmif'%f &nf&SdrSmyg?”
6 ESpcf cJG srwS w
f ,fv@kd olw@kd &J@rdom;pke@J eD;pyfoal wGu ajymygw,f/ pnfol udak tmifaZmfO;D (tdwcf st f m'Dy)D ESihf ud0k if;armf(a&$opH Of) vl@tcGihf
armifukd wmarG®re› ,fw&m;±k;H u toif;tzG@J yk'rf 6 eJ@ axmif'%f 5 ESpf ta&;umuG,jf rifw h iforl sm;uGe&f uf(tdwcf st f m'Dy)D u udak tmifaZmfO;D udk
oD;jcm;csrSwfygw,f? &Jjrwf[def;udkvnf; tif;pdefaxmif0if; txl; yJcl;axmif/ udk0if;armf(a&$oHpOf)udk awmifilaxmifudk toD;oD; 'Dae@
w&m;±k;H u yk'rf 143/ yk'rf 152 wd@k eJ@axmif'%f 3 ESpcf o JG ;D jcm; csrw S yf g ajymif;a&$@vku
d +f yvD @kd olw@kd &J@rdwaf qGawGu ajymygw,f?
w,f? ukeaf ps;E_e;f usqif;a&;qENjytzG@J acgi;f aqmif udx k ifausmu f kd &efuek f
taemufyikd ;f c±kid w f &m;±k;H w&m;ol}u;D OD;ausmaf qGu yk'rf 6 cke@J axmif
'%f 12 ESpcf cJG srw S yf gw,f? uav;tcGifhta&;udk csKd;azmufqJ
OD;pENm0& pufwifbm oHCmhta&;tcif;eJ@ywfouf+y;D tzrf;qD;
cH&wJh ajrmufOuUvmy 2 &yf uGuf oD&rd *Fvmausmif;wku d u f t&Sipf ENm0 DVB / Ek0d ifbm 19 ? ? jrefrmEdik if rH mS uav;ppfom; toH;k ðyr_tygt
&udk wmarGw&m;±k;H u axmif'%f 8 ESpcf cJG srw S yf gw,f? ud^k m%fvif;(88 0if uav;rsm;tcGit hf a&;csK;d azmufra_ wG us,u f s,jf yef‹usL;vGeaf e=u
rsK;d quf) ESihf bavmh*g aebke;f vwf? 88 rsK;d qufausmif;om;acgi;f aqmif wke;f yJqw kd mudk axmufjyxm;wJh tpD&ifcpH mopfukd vl‹tcGit hf a&;ynm
wOD;jzpfwhJ ud^k m%fvif;eJ@ bavmh*g aebke;f vwfw@kd udk bm;tHaxmif ay;Xme (jrefrmEkid if )H HREIB u xdik ;f Edik if H csi;f rdik ®f rr› mS 'Dae‹xw k jf yefygw,f?
(u&ifjynfe,f)udk 'Dae@ajymif;a&$@vdu k w f ,fv@kd =um;od&a=umif; aebke;f ukvor*~u owfrw S x f m;wJh uav;tcGit hf a&;csK;d azmufry_ pkH H
vwf&@J rdcifa':at;at;oef;u ajymygw,f? tm;vH;k udk jrefrmEdik if rH mS usL;vGeaf ea=umif; HREIB(Human Rights
“pD&ifcsucf s+y;D =umoyaw;ae@u oGm;awG@awmh axmifajymif;wJh Education Institute of Burma) &J@‘tarhavsmc h H tem*wfrsm;’tpD&ifcH
txJrmS ygvm;/ rygb;l vk@d ajymw,f? t0wftpm;0,f+y;D oGm;yk@d vnf;yk@d a&m pmrSm rD;armif;xd;k jyxm;ygw,f? +y;D cJw h EhJ pS t
f wGi;f uav;oli,fawG/ q&m
axmifajymif;wJhtxJygoGm;+yDwJh? t&m&Sdwa,mufuajymvkdufwm? q&mrawG/ &yfr&d yfzawG/ wdik ;f &if;om;vuf eufuikd t f zG‹J acgi;f aqmifawG
olw@dk trsK;d rsK;d 'kuaQ y;aewmayg?h tjyifu rdom;pkvnf; 'kuaQ &mufatmif tygt0if oufqikd o f l 100 avmufe‹J awG‹qHak r;jref;+y;D tpD&ifcpH mukd
vkyw f mayg?h “ ðypkxm;wmvd@k HREIB 'g¶u kd w f m OD;atmifrsK;d rif;u ajymygw,f?
'gayr,fh olrsm;xufpm&if uk, d u
f awmfygao;w,f? enf;enf; “vufeufuikd yf ÉdyuQtwGi;f rSm&Sw d hJ uav;awG&‹J tcGit hf a&;csK;d
eD;wmaygah emf? e*ku d wnf;uvnf; tjypfr&Sb d J axmiftcsc&H w,f? tjypf azmufc&H r_ t"dut csuf 6 csupf vH;k udk okawoevkyx f m;wma=umif”h
r&SdbJ vlukdvnf;wcgxyfajymif;w,fqkdawmh tefwDwkd@rSm cHEkdif&nf 'DtpD&ifcHpm[m t&ifxkwfjyefzl;wmawGxuf ydk+yD;xl;jcm;w,fvkd@
OD;atmifrsK;d rif;u ajymygw,f?
pmrsufEmS 5 rS “'Dtcsuaf jcmufcsuu f awmh vufeufuikd yf ÉdyuQtwGi;f uav;
awGukd owfjzwfr&_ ,f/ vdiyf ikd ;f qdik &f mapmfum;r_&,f/ uav;awGuzkd rf;qD;
ayg?h use;f rma&;uawmh [kw d avmuawmh tpmtdrjf zpfw,faygah emf? r_/ aemufwckuawmh uav;awGukd ppfom;tjzpftoH;k ðyr)/ vlom;csi;f
tpmtdrjf zpfwmu 'Dusrtck&uf+y;D awmh reufjzefuawmh ±H;k ydw&f uf usr pmemwJt h ultnDawGukd ydwyf ifr/_ uav;awG&w dS hJ ausmif;awGaq;±Hak wG
wdk@awG@cGifhr&Sdbl;? we*FaEGae@awG@&r,faygh? [dkwywftxduawmh udk wdu k ±f u kd w f udk cf ukd rf _ tm;vH;k udk usaemfw‹kd okawoevkyx f m;w,f?”
enf;enf;tefwmawmh t&ifwkef;uawmh tpmpm;+yD;om;tefw,f? ukvor*~twGi;f a&;r–;csKyu f vnf; uav;tcGit hf a&;csK;d azmuf
tckawmh tpmpm;+yD; odyfrtefygbl;wJh? enf;enf;awmh[kdaygh? aq;eJ@ r_tcsuf 6 csupf vH;k udk txl;qd;k &Gm;wJt h ajctaejzpfa=umif; vHðk caH &;
temeJ@awG@wJo h abmawmhjzpf+yw D ?hJ tJ'v D akd jymw,f? usrwk@d tr_rjywf vd@k aumifpu D w kd ifoiG ;f wJh vufeufuikd yf ÉdyuQqikd &f m tpD&ifcpH mwckrmS t
0ifrawG@&bl;? tr_jywfwJhvlawGusawmh cs+yD;&ifawG@cGifhay;w,f? av;ay;azmfjyygw,f? uav;tcGit hf a&;csK;d azmufra_ wGxu J tqd;k qH;k jzpf
awG@cGiahf y;w,fqw dk m rpPn;f yd@k cGiahf y;wmaygah emf”? wJh uav;ppfom;toH;k ðyr_ukd ppf&mZ0wfrt _ jzpf Edik if w H um&mZ0wfr_
tJ't D jyifr+ird ;f u udZk m*emaxmifxu J ae jyufv;kH xkwv
f ukd w
f m cH±k ;kH u 1998 rSm owfrw S +f y;D jzpfayr,fh urBmrSm uav;ppfom;toH;k ðy
udk tckvkd ajymjyygw,f? r_uawmh&adS eqJjzpf+y;D t"dutoH;k ðywJEh ikd if aH wGuawmh jrefrm/ oD&v d uFm/
“udo k &l u txJxu J wckajymvku d wf ,f? ol IT owif;enf; tmz*efepPwef/ ql'efe‹J qdrk mvD,m;wk@d jzpfygw,f?
ynmudak vhvmcsiv f @dk INTERNET udk oH;k vdu k w
f m INSEIN axmifudk jrefrmEdik if rH mS etzppfwyfua&m wdik ;f &if;om;vufeufuikd w f yfz‹JG
a&mufomG ;w,fw?hJ ol tDvufx&Ge;f epfu tifwmeufudk oH;k pJrG a_ ygah emf? awGuyg uav;ppfom;toH;k ðyaew,f/ uav;ppfom; 70˜000 avmuf
olu jyufv;kH xkwv f u dk w f ,f”? &Sad ew,fv@kd vl‹tcGit hf a&;avhvm apmif=h unfw h thJ zG‹J awGu cef‹rSe;f yg
udZk m*emudk pJq G wkd mwJyh 'k rf awGu 505 (c) 295 (u) 32 33 w,f? etzppftyk pf u k awmh jrefrmEdik if rH mS uav;ppfom;r&Sb d ;l / touf
(u) 36 17 (2) eJ@ 38 wk@d jzpfygw,f? udZk m*emeJ@ udak ZmfoufaxG; tygt0if 18 ESpf rjynfo h u l kd ppfrx _ rf;cGirhf ðy&bl;vd‹k ppfOya'rSmjyXmef;wm;jrpfxm;
3 OD ; [m aemuf w ywf r S m vnf ; usef a ewJ h t r_ a wG t wG u f w,f ponfjzifh xkwaf zmfajym=um;avh&ydS gw,f?
w&m;±H;k xGu&f rSmjzpfygw,f?

Page 6 Voice of Burma 685 November 23 , 2008

 &ufpufaometzppftkyfpkukd EdkifiHwumausmif;om;rsm;u jypfwif±_wfcs
DVB / Ek0d ifbm 18 ? ? jrefrmEdik if rH mS ausmif;om;acgi;f aqmifawGukd &yfwnfóu;yrf;aewmudk EdkifiHwumausmif;om;awGuvnf; odaewJh
ESpf&Snfaxmif'%fawGcsrSwfaewJhtay: csufEdkifiHtajcpdkuf EkdifiHwum twGuf jrefrmEdik if rH mS jzpfysuaf ewmawG[m urBm}u;D eJ@tquftoG,f
ausmif;om;or*~tzG@J csKyaf wGu etzppftyk pf u k kd jypfwif±w _ cf sygw,f? jywfraeygb;l vd@k vnf; &m'ef;aumfev J u
f ajymygw,f?
Ed0k ifbm 17 &ufrmS usa&mufwhJ Edik if w H umausmif;om;rsm;ae@ “tjynfjynfqkdif&mausmif;om;or*~rsm;tzGJ@csKyf[m jrefrm
txdr;f trSwaf e@twGuf urBmw0ef;ausmif;om;awGu pnf;vk;H nD!w G f ausmif;om;awGe@J ckid cf idk rf mrmwom;wnf;&Sad ew,fqw kd mudk azmfjycsif
r_uakd zmfjyaecsed rf mS jrefrmh'rD u kd a&pDa&;twGuf ta&;qdv k y_ &f mS ;cJ=h uwhJ ygw,f? Edik if w H umu ausmif;om;awG[mvnf; twlwuG&yfwnfae w,f
jrefrmausmif;om;acgif;aqmifawGuawmh ESpf&Snfaxmif'%fawGcsrSwf æ jrefrmausmif;om;awG[m oD;jcm;txD;usef jzpfraeygb;l qdw k m udk
cHae&ygw,f? olw@kd vnf;odapcsiyf gw,f?”
“'g[m tjynfjynfqikd &f mausmif;om;awGtay: etzppftyk pf &k @J aemfa0;Edik if H atmfpvd®k rt › ajcpku d f Edik if w
H umausmif;om;or*~
usL;vGerf y_ ”J vd@k csuEf ikd if H y&mh*®f rt
› ajcpdu k f Edik if w
H umausmif;om;or*~ International Students’ Union of Norway uvnf; ausmif;om;awG
rsm;tzG@J csKyf International Union of Students - IUS 'g±u kd wf m &m'ef; tay:b,fvdkESdrfhcsqufqHr_rsKd;udkrqdk aemfa0;EdkifiH&Sdausmif;om;awGu
aumfev J u f ajym=um;ygw,f? vnf; auseyfrmS r[kwb f ;l ævlox d if&mS ;jzpfatmif xkwaf zmfajymqdak ezd@k
“jrefrmausmif;om;awGtay: tcGit hf a&;csK;d azmufwm[m urBmh vdk tyfw,fv@kd ajymygw,f? “b,fEikd if rH mS rqdk ausmif;om;xk[m 'Drkd ua&pD
ausmif;om;xkw&yfv;kH tay: usL;vGerf y_ gy?J ausmif;om;awGtay: omru pepftwGut f a&;ygw,f” vd@k aemfa0tajcpku d f Edik if w
H umausmif;om;
jrefrmjynfow l &yfv;kH tay: vl@tcGit hf a&;csK;d azmufra_ wG usL; vGeaf ewJh or*~ 'g±u dk wf m zm&Suw f mrDu ajym=um;ygw,f?
ppftyk pf &k @J tðytrlawGujkdypfwif±w _ cf sygw,f? ausmif;om;awG udzk Ed ydS af ewJh “ausmif;om;awG[m aemfa0rSmjzpfjzpf b,fEikd if rH mS jzpfjzpf/ 'Drkd
etzppftkyfpkudk tjynfjynfqdkif&mausmif;om;or*~rsm; tzGJ@csKyfeJ@ ua&pDpepftwGuf t"duyifrausm¶d;k wdik af wGyv J @kd aemfa0;Edik if H Edik if w
H
r[mrdwt f zG@t
J pnf;awGtm;vk;H u vH;k 0uef@uGuyf gw,f?” umausmif;om;or*~u av;av;eufeuf,=Hk unfygw,f? b,fv@l tzG@J
jrefrmEdik if u
H ausmif;om;awG[m olw@kd uk, d w
f idk t
f wGuo f m oD; tpnf;rsK;d rSmyJjzpfjzpf ausmif;om;awG[m wufwufºuºu&S+d y;D ydrk akd umif;
jcm;awmif;qdk v_yf&Sm;aewmr[kwfbJ jynfolvlxkeJ@wom;wnf; rGewf ahJ vmuwckwnfaqmufz@kd tajymif;tvJukd vdv k m;olawGyg?”
1939 emZD*smr%Dvufatmuf csufudkpvdkAufuD;,m;EdkifiH
rsufEmS zH;k rS ausmif;om;v_y&f mS ;r_umvrSm csuaf usmif;om;awGukd emZDppfwyfu ypf
Ekid if aH &;wufºuv_y&f mS ;olawGukd jyif;xefwhJ jypf'%fawGcsrw S af ewJt
h ay: owfcw hJ ahJ e@ Ed0k ifbm 17 &ufukd Edik if w H umausmif;om;rsm;ae@tjzpf
wm0efruif;bl; vd@k qdyk gw,f? vGecf w hJ hJ 68 ESprf mS owfrw S cf yhJ gw,f?
“Ek&ifbwfe@J tD&wfrmS jzpfcw hJ hJ w&m;pD&ifra_ wGu=kd unfrh ,fq&dk if
vnf; w&m;pD&ifwJhw&m;ol}uD;awG[m w&m;pD&ifa&;wm0efukdxrf;
aqmif&if; rw&m;wJt h rde@f tm%mudv k udk ef m+y;D jypf'%fawGcsrw S af ecJh w¶kwfu jrefrmjynfudkjzwf+yD;
ygw,f/ tckvnf; 'Dw&m;ol}u;D awGu w&m;pD&ifa&;pepfuzdk efw;D aeol
awGr[kwaf yrJh &mZ0wfru _ sL;vGeaf ewmjzpfwt hJ wGuf etztpd;k &uckid ;f
"gwfaiG@ ykdufvdkif;azmufawmhrnf
wma=umifh vky&f wmjzpfw,fv@kd ajymvd@k r&Ekid yf gb;l / w&m;ol}u;D rsm; vnf; DVB / Ek0d ifbm 19 ? ? jref r mEk d i f i H u ae w¶k w f E k d i f i H u d k
'DEikd if wH umOya'eJ@ +ipd eG ;f aeygw,f” a&eHeJ@obm0"gwf aiG@ykdufvdkif;aqmufvkyfawmhr,fvkd@ 'Dae@xkwf
tckvkd vlom;rsK;d EG,af wGtay:rSm &mZ0wfra_ wGusL;vGeaf ewm csKid ;f em;a'vDowif;pm udu k ;kd um;+y;D AFP owif;rSmazmfjyxm;ygw,f?
eJ@ywfoufv@dk Ekid if w H um&mZ0wfc¶Hk ;Hk u jrefrmtpd;k &tm%mykid af wGe@J tar&duefa':vm 2.5 bDv, D &H rdS ,fv@kd cef@rSe;f xm;wJyh u
dk v f ikd ;f ukd
w&m;ol}uD;awGudk vuf&Sdtm%m&SdaewJhtcsdefrSm EkdifiHwum&mZ0wf ,leefjynfe,ftaemufawmifbufuae 2009 ckESpfrSmpwif+yD;wnf
w&m;¶k;H rSm w&m;pGq J v kd @kd & r& qdw k meJ@ywfoufv@kd olu tckvq kd uf aqmufr,fv@dk azmfjyxm;ayr,fh jrefrmjynftwGi;f rSm b,fae&mawGudk
+y;D ajymjyygw,f? jzwf+y;D qufo, G rf ,fqw kd mudk azmfjyrxm;ygb;l ?
“a&mr®rr› mS jyXmef;wJh Ekid if w H um&mZ0wfw&m;Oya't& tckvkd w¶kwEf ikd if [
H m ESppf Ofvt kd yfwhJ a&eHe@J obm0"gwaf iG@&J@ 80 &m
vlom;rsK;d EG,af wGtay:rSm &mZ0wfra_ wGusL;vGeaf ewmeJ@ywfoufv@dk ckid Ef e_ ;f udk jynfyuae txl;ojzifh rvuUma&vuf=um;udjk zwf+y;D ta&›S
Ekid if w H um&mZ0wfc¶Hk ;Hk u jrefrmetztpd;k & vuf&t dS m%m&Sad ewJt h csed f tv,fyidk ;f uwifoiG ;f wJt h cgrmS yifv,f"g;jytEœ&m,f/ tuket f usrsm;
rSmyJ w&m;pJq G tkd jypfay;Ekid af =umif;/ 'DOya't&yJ ql'efEidk if o H rwudv k nf; jym;r_awG qk;H ¶_;H r_awG&w dS ,fv@dk owif;rSmazmfjyxm;ygw,f?
tm%m&Spd OfrmS yJ Ekid if w H umw&m;¶k;H u w&m;pGq J ckd yhJ gw,f” &ckid u
f rf;ajrmifuobm0"gwaf iG@awGukd jynfyudak &mif;csaewm
jrefrmEkid if rH mS +y;D cJw h &hJ ufyikd ;f awGu Ekid if aH &;v_y&f mS ;wufºuolawG eJ@ywfouf+y;D qef@usiaf ewJh a¶$*ufpu f rfyed ;f obm0ywf0ef;usit f zG@J &J@
udk jrefrmetztpd;k &u axmif'%f 2 ESpu f ae 65 ESpt f xdcsrw S af ewJh ajyma&;qkcd iG &hf o dS l udu
k ifu tJ'yD u dk v f ikd ;f vrf;a=umif;udak jymygw,f?
twGuf Ekid if w H um&J@ jyif;xefwahJ 0zefra_ wGukd cHae&ygw,f? 88 rsK;d quf “tck w¶kwu f aeyku d v f ikd ;f azmufr,fu h pd u P awmh ESprf sK;d &Syd gw,f/
ausmif;om;awGjzpfwhJ rif;udEk idk /f udu k }kd u;D / udak X;ºu,f pwJh ausmif;om; wpfu *ufpjf zpf+y;D / ESpu f a&eHayg/h *ufpyf u dk v
f ikd ;f u &ckid u
f rf;vGerf mS &Sd wJh
acgi;f aqmifawGtygt0if tjcm;Ekid if aH &;v_y&f mS ;wufºuolawGuv kd nf; a¶$*ufpb f avmufayg/h at0rf;bavmufuae paqmufrmS / tJ'D a¶$-
jrefrmppftpd;k &u jyif;xefwjhJ ypf'%fawG csrw S cf yhJ gw,f? pmrsufEmS 13 odk h
November 23, 2008 Voice of Burma 685 Page 7
 1234567890
1234567890
1234567890
rSm;,Gif;pGmjypf'%fay;cH&jcif;ESifh epfemqkH;¶H_;r_ vGiaf tmifp;dk
1234567890
1234567890
1234567890
w&m;ol}u;D u rSm;,Gi;f pGmqk;H jzwfp&D ifv#if wk;d wufvmrnf? qk;H jzwfp&D ifol w&m;ol}u;D (od@k ) w&m;ol}u;D tzG@J .
“rrSm;aoma&›Sae raoaomaq;orm;” qdkonfh jrefrmqkd¶kd; t&nftcsi;f wd@k a=umifjh zpfv#if xdt k &nftcsi;f rsm;udjk ri‡ w
hf ifay;Ekid o f nf?
pum;&So d nf? vlwidk ;f eD;yg;avmufyif trSm;ESirhf uif;Ekid ?f w&m;ol}uD;rsm; vmbfrpm;Ekdifatmif/ &mxl;wnf+rJaeatmif/ vkHðcHr_&Sd
w&m;ol}u;D rsm;u tr_uq kd ;Hk jzwfp&D if&mwGif ta=umif;trsK;d rsK;d atmif tbufbufrpS pD Ofay;Ekid o f nf? taumif;qk;H rSm vGwv f yfaom
a=umifh trSm;t,Gi;f rsm;&Sw d wfonf? xdo k @kd rSm;,Gi;f rdygu tjypfay;cH& w&m;pD&ifa&;pepfuzkd efw;D xm;jcif;jzpfonf? xdt k cg w&m;pD&ifa&;pepf
olwiG f tcsed u f mvwckwidk af tmif (ok@d ) tcsK› u d pd rP sm;wGif wb0vk;H wkid f rSm rwd;k wufbrJ ae/ rkcsw;dk wufvm&rnfomjzpfonf?
atmif epfemqk;H ¶_;H r_ tenf;ESit hf rsm;jzpf&onf? wcgw&HwiG f xdo k @kd rSm; w&m;a&;pepfukd tkycf sKyaf &;tm%mykid w f @kd u v$r;f rd;k csKyuf ikd xf m;
,Gif;pGmtjypfay;cH&oltm;rSDcdkae&aomrdom;pkuyg ab;xGufepfemqkH; v#if bufvu kd rf r_ sm;&Sv
d mrnf? ,if;udzk ,f&mS ;I tjyeftvSex f ed ;f n‡rd _
¶_;H r_rsm;udñk uaH wG@&onf? (Check and Balance ) udu k sio
hf ;Hk Edik v
f #if w&m;r#wpGmqk;H jzwfp&D ifEidk f
TonfrmS rvdv k m;tyf/ jzpfvnf;rjzpfoif?h od@k jzpfI epfemqk;H rnfomjzpfonf?
¶_H;olwkd@tm; w&m;r#wonfhbufrSaeI twwfEdkifqkH;umuG,fay;&ef
vdt k yfvmonf? w&m;pD&ifjcif;udk trSew f &m;bufr&S yfwnfum ðyjyif
ðyjyifajymif;vJrw_ iG f aemufxyfta&;ygaomtcsuf
w&m;¶kH;qkH;jzwfpD&ifjcif;rsm;rSm;,Gif;onfukd wkd;wufaumif;rGef
ajymif;vJ&efvt kd yfvmonf?
vmatmif rnfodk@yifpDrHaqmif¶Gufapumrl qkH;jzwfpD&ifol (wkd@) .
pD&ifcsufrmS ;aomfvnf; t,lc0H ifciG &hf dS tjrifq h ;Hk ^m%fjzifrh qk;H jzwfEikd af omtajctae tcsed u f mvwckcu k kd ñuH
atmuf¶;Hk rsm;ujypf'%fcsrw S jf cif;udk rSm;,Gi;f onf[k jypf'%fcf s awG@Edkifonf? rnfodk@aomtajctae tcsdeftcgrsKd;jzpfonfudk óuwif
rSwcf &H olu,lqv#if txufw&m;¶k;H ok@d wufcg t,lc0H ifEidk o f nf? ao wGufqIr&Edkif? tcs›KdudpPrsm;wGif wajy;nDaomw&m;a&;pepfr&Sdv#if
'%fuo hJ @kd aomjypf'%ftwGuf Ekid if t hH }u;D tuJxH toem;cHpmwifI yef a'ouGmjcm;r_tvdu k f qk;H jzwfp&D ifjcif;rSm ajymif;vJ (ok@d ) rSm;,Gi;f Ekid f onf?
=um;Ekid o f nf? rsm;aomtm;jzifh omrefjynfow l @kd u Tod@k yifox d m;=u tpOfojzifah jymif;vJw;dk wufaeaom Ekid if w H umtodik ;f t0kid ;f ESihf
onf? rvJrG a&Smifomqufpyfae&aomEkid if t H zd@k jynfwiG ;f Yusio hf ;Hk aeaompD&if
Oyrm ®re› ,fw&m;¶k;H rS rSm;,Gi;f pGmjypf'%fcsrw S of nf[, k q l v#if xk;H rsm;ukd ykaH oud;k um;Ir&Edik ?f vkt d yfaomOya'opfrsm; xkwjf yef&rnf
wdik ;f (od@k ) jynfe,fw&m;¶k;H omru A[kw d &m;¶k;H txdyif tqifq h ifwh uf jzpf&m ,if;onf w&m;pD&ifa&;pepftay: tusK;d oufa&muf&rnfjzpf
I t,lc0H ifEikd o f nf? onf?
t,lc0H ifonft h wGuf rSm;,Gi;f aompD&ifcsuu f kd trSetf wdik ;f jyef Oyrm vl@tcGifhta&;csKd;azmufjcif;/ vlukeful;jcif;/ t=urf;zuf
vnfjyifqifay;Ekid o f jzifh rvdtk yfaomepfemqk;H ¶_;H rSrsm;udzk ,f&mS ;Ekid af om wku d cf u
dk jf cif;/ ajrjrK‡ yf a&jrK‡ yrf idk ;f rsm;axmifjcif;/ vlrsK;d ðyef;wD;apjcif; (Geno-
a=umifh tvGeaf umif;rGeI f &So
d if&h x
dS u kd o
f nf? cide) tp&So d nfw@kd Y vuf&w dS nfqOJ ya'pD&ifx;Hk rsm;ESirhf vkaH vmufyg u
t,lc0H if&onfth wGuf rvdvk m;tyfaomqd;k usKd;rsm; qk;H jzwfp&D if&olw&m;ol}u;D rsm;twGuf tcuftcJrsm;&Sad eayvdrhf rnf?
tu,fI rSm;,Gif;pGmqkH;jzwfpD&ifrdv#if cH&olwdk@twGuf epfemqkH;
od@k aomf xdo
k @kd tqifq h ift
h ,lc0H if¶jHk zifh w&m;pD&ifa&;pepfrmS ykd ¶_;H &rnfomru Ekid if o H u d mQ usqif;onftxd qk;d usK;d rsm;jzpfvmEkid o f nf?
rdkwdusrSefuefr_&SdEkdifygrnfvm;[k pOf;pm;p&mjzpfvmonf? okd@jzpfv#if rvkv d m;tyfaomqk;d usK;d rsm;udk tajrmftjrif&&dS zdS ,f&mS ;ypfEidk &f ef
atmuf¶kH;rsm;u vufvGwfpy,f rSm;,Gif;pGmqkH;jzwfaeoa¶G@ txuf w&m;pD&ifa&;pepfudk tpuwnf;uyif wdusreS u f efaeatmif/ w&m;r#
w&m;¶kH;rsm;u xkdtrSm;rSefor#udk vdkufvHjyifqifay;&rnfomjzpfae wr_&adS eatmif/ acwfpepfEiS t hf nD Ekid if w
H umESiw hf ef;wlvu kd Ef idk af tmif
awmhonf? pDrx H m;&S&d rnfjzpfonf? ta&;ygq;Hk vkt d yfcsurf mS vGwv f yfaomw&m;
tjypf&o dS nf[pk yG pf cJG &H oltwGuf tcsed /f aiGa=u;ukd tv[\ pD&ifa&;pepfukd tmrcHcsut f jynft h 0jzifh usio hf ;Hk Ekid bf @kd jzpfonf?
ukeq f ;Hk aponft h jyif pdwEf iS chf E<muk, d u
f se;f rma&;udv k nf; tenf;ESihf trsm; TonfrmS Edik if u H akd umif;rGepf mG tkycf sKyEf idk o f nfh (Good Gover-
xdcdkufEkdi fp&m&Sdonf? xd k @jyif xd k tr_ u d p P twG u f w&m;¶k H ;buf rS nance) . t"du 3 yki d ;f rS wydik ;f omjzpfonf?
ukeu f s&aomaiGa=u;qko d nfrmS Ekid if aH wmfo@kd ay;aqmifxm;aom jynf
olw@kd .tcGeaf iGrsm;jzpfaeonft h wGuf Edik if b
hH ¾mukðd zef;wD;&ma&muf onf? t,lc0H ifEikd bf ‹kd r&Srd jzpfvtkd yf
Ekid if t H wGuf wefz;dk &Sad omtvkyrf sm;udv k nf; tv[\ðyef;wD; aponf? trSm;t,Gi;f rsm;om qufvuf&adS eOD;rnfrmS rvGrJ a&SmifEidk jf zpf
w&m;¶k;H qk;H jzwfp&D ifjcif;rsm; rSm;,Gi;f wwfonfudk jyefvnfðyjyifI ydrk kd aoma=umifh rvdkvm;tyfbJ epfemqkH;¶_H;r_rsm;rjzpfay:ap&ef t,lcH0if
Ekid o
f nf&h ykid cf iG rhf sm; &Su
d &kd adS e&rnfjzpfonf? rnfo@kd aomtajctae tcsed f
wk;d wufaumif;rGevf matmif vkyaf y;Ekid f tcgEiS hf rnfonft h &yfa'ojzpfapumrl t,lccH iG &hf jdS cif;u r&Sjd cif;xuf
rSm;,Gi;f pGmqk;H jzwfp&D ifjcif;rSm obm0jzpfonf? a&SmifvI JG r&Ekid /f ydak umif;onfqakd omtcsuu f kd tckid t
f rmvufuikd x
f m; usio
hf ;Hk ae&ay
zkH;zd[efaqmifIrjzpfEkdif/ vspfvsL¶_xm;Ivnf;r&/ ta=umif;trsKd;rsKd; vdrrhf nf?
a=umifrh mS ;,Gi;f &jcif;udk aocsmaphipGmqef;ppf+y;D ðyjyifEidk v
f #if trSm;rsm; epfemqk;H ¶_;H onfqjdk cif;rSm
uif;oxufuif;vmrnfjzpfonf? epf - em - qk;H - ¶_;H r_qo
dk nfrmS vly*k Kd~ vw
f OD;csi;f wGio
f m&Sw
d wf
Oyrm EkdifiHa&;pepfa=umifhjzpfv#if EkdifiHa&;pepfudkðyjyifEkdifygu pmrsufEmS 17 odŒk
Page 8 Voice of Burma 685 November 23 , 2008
 2008

Ek0d ifbm 14 / Mizzima ? ? Michael Green tm; jrefrma&;&m tar&dueftxl;AsL[mr–;tjzpfcef@tyfjcif;tm; uGe*f &ufrS aqmvsipf mG twnfðyrnf[, k q l
&a=umif;ESifh / 'Dy, J if; &ufpufrt _ +y;D uwnf;uvkyv f #if rnfr#yt dk usKd ;&SEd idk o
f enf;[k owif;tmabmfrS oH;k oyf.?
Ek0d ifbm 16 / AFP ? ? etzonf 8888 vH;k ausmif;om;acgi;f aqmifrsm;ukd &yfa0;axmifrsm;okd ah jymif;ae.? ukad X;ºu,ftm; bl;oD;awmifodk yh cdk ahJ =umif;
ol.nDrrSq. kd ?
Ek0d ifbm 16 / DVB ? ? uef@uGuo f nf=h um;rS jrefrmonf vmrnfh BISTEC tpnf;ta0;tdr&f iS t f vSnjhf zpfI tzG@J 0ifEidk if rH sm; &Suzf , G jf zpfaea=umif;?
Ek0d ifbm 17 / RGN-AP ? ? ukx d ifausm(f 45)tm; axmif 12 cGcJ srw S cf ahJ =umif; OD;^m%f0if;(tJet f v J 'f )D rSq. dk ? f
Ek0d ifbm 17 / AP ? ? Kam Lat Khaot tm;axmif 33 ESpf csrw S cf ahJ =umif; ol.zcif csi;f tJet f vJ 'f rD S Chin Sian Thang (CRPP) rSq. dk ?
Ek0d ifbm 17 / SHAN ? ? etz. Ekid if u H ;l vufrw S o f pfrsm;ukd rdrw d dk rh ,H=k unf/ vufrcH[k csi;f rkid &f dS jrefrmrS &Sr;f tvkyo f rm;tzGJ WSA rSq. dk ?
Ek0d ifbm 18 / GENEVA ? ? axmif 65 ESpf usjrefrm'Dru dk a&pDvy_ &f mS ;olrsm;tm; vGwv f yfw&m;¶H;k rsm;wGif jyefppfoihaf =umif; ukvpHpk rf;a&;r–;rsm;rSq. dk ?
Ek0d ifbm 18 / Bloomberg ? ? w¶kwo f nf tpk. 50³9 &mE_e;f ESijfh refrmwk@d onf 2³5 bDv,Huek u f srnfh ydu k v f idk ;f aqmufrnf[k *syef epfau;owif;rSq. dk ?
Ek0d ifbm 18 / CSW ? ? jrefrmc&D;pOfudk oGm;jzpfatmifomG ;&ef Christian Solidarity Worldwide onf ukvtwGi;f a&;r–;csKyf befurD eG ;f ok@d wku d w f eG ;f .?
Ek0d ifbm 18 / DVB ? ? 'g¶u dk wf mausmo f . l &efuek Ef iS rfh auG;&Sd apwemh0efxrf;tokbulnaD &;tzG@J FFSS tm; vuf&adS e&mrsm;rSxu G cf mG &ef etzrStm%m
ykid rf sm;rS &mZoHay;cJah =umif;? FFSS w&ufv#if tokb 50 cef@tm; ulnaD e&a=umif;?
Ek0d ifbm 18 / Asia Tribune ? ? olyek rf sm;tm; ulaeol[k ,lqol Antonio Graceffo tm; &Si;f vif;okwo f if&ef etztifwmeufrv S aH_ qmfaea=umif; um,
uH&iS rf q S .dk ?
Ek0d ifbm 19 / DVB ? ? rif;ukEd idk t f m; usKid ;f wko H @dk 4if;/ uku d }dk u;D tm; usKid ;f wkrH S rkid ;f qwfaxmifo@dk xyfrH axmifajymif;vku d af =umif;?
Ek0d ifbm 19 / DVB ? ? axmif 65 ESpu f s OD;aZmfaZmfrif;.om; 'D+ird ;f vif;tm; Ekid if jH ird yf yd 'k rf S 505(c)tygt0if yk'rf 3 ckjzifh axmif 6 ESpcf cJG svu dk af =umif;?
Ek0d ifbm 19 / DVB ? ? jynfwiG ;f jy\em}u;D rsm;a=umifh cav;tcGit fh a&;rsm;xdcu dk af e=umif; Human Rights Education Institute of Burma rS xkwjf yef.?
Ek0d ifbm 19 / Bernama ? ? ,ckvwGi;f 'Dru dk a&pDa&;v_y&f mS ;ol 119 OD;tm; axmifcsco hJ nfjh refrmta&;ykt d av;xm;&ef Burma Partnership rSwu dk wf eG ;f .?
Ek0d ifbm 19 / DVB ? ? ukad usmq f ef;(prf;acsmif;)tm; axmif 4 ESp/f ukad usmpf mG aX;tm; 14 ESpcf (JG prf;acsmif;¶H;k rS 5 ESp/f ausmufww H m;rS 6 ESpcf /JG urm&Gwrf S
3ESp)f csrw S . f ?
Ek0d ifbm 19 / RFA ? ? rdbrsm;rS ILO ok@d wkid cf +hJ y;D 15 ESp&f , G af rmif&v J if;xufonf oxH;k avhusiafh &;wyfrS Ekid 0f ifbm 12 wGif rdb&yfxjH yef a&muf.?
Ek0d ifbm 19 / RFA ? ? rpkpak EG;/ ukv d rS sK;d aemiftygt0if e,faxmifrsm;okd t h yk@d cH&olrsm; rEœav;axmifwiG f waxmufem;ae&a=umif;?
Ek0d ifbm 19 / DVB ? ? a':atmifqef;pk=unftm; vl 50 cef@rS Ek0d ifbm 28 wGif *g&0ðycGiðfh y&ef Akv d cf sKyo f ef;a&$xH a&$jynfom oHvsit f zGJ ch sKy0f ifrsm;rS
awmif;qkad =umif; a&$jynfomtzGJ ch sKyrf S rxufxufO;D aiGrq S . dk ?
Ek0d ifbm 19 / DVB ? ? ed0k ifbm 14 wGif oHvsif t&HwyfzJG 0h if oef;ckid t f m; rouFmr_EiS hf &JrS wnvk;H ¶ku d Ef uS pf pfaq;I t&HwyfzJG 0h iftcsK@d E_wx f u G .f ?
Ek0d ifbm 20 / DVB ? ? aumhaomifodk t h ajymif;cH&ol ukðd y;H csKt d m; ol.ZeD; r0g0g0if;rSomG ;a&mufawG rh nf[q k . dk / ol@tazvnf; 15 ESpu f sz;l a=umif;?
Ek0d ifbm 20 / DVB ? ? axmifEpS &f n S rf sm;csjcif;onf 2010 a&G;aumufyt JG wGuf raumif;bJ/ ydo k o H ,rsm;vma=umif;/ rGejf ynfopfygwrD S Ekid af tmifrai;rSq. dk ?
Ek0d ifbm 21 / DVB ? ? Zm*emtm; tDvufxa&mepfy'k rf 3 ckjzihf axmif 45 ESpf csrw S v f ukd af =umif;? ,ae@v_y&f mS ;ol pkpak ygi;f 35 OD; axmif'%fcscch &hJ .?
Ek0d ifbm 21 / DVB ? ? &Spaf v;vH;k vli,frsm;tm; ESp&f n S af xmif'%fcsjcif;onf awG@qHak qG;aEG;a&;ukd vspv f sLðyjcif;[k Ek0d ifbm 20 NLD xkwjf yefcsurf q S . dk ?
Ek0d ifbm 21 / DVB ? ? yJc;l wkid ;f vlowfru _ sL;vGeo f 0l &rf;ajy;&Gmom;tm; jypf'%fray;ao;bJ ppfwyfxv J ufcx H m;a=umif;?
Ek0d ifbm 21/ DVB ? ? cav;rsm;ae@wGif &Gmay:[J 'kuo Q nfpcef;wGif &Gmyke;f &Gma&Smif cav;rsm;twGuf upm;yGu J si;f yEkid cf ahJ =umif; apma&muDurl S qk. d ?
Ek0d ifbm 21 / Mizzima ? ? ILO ok@d etz.v,ford ;f r_rsm;wkid cf o hJ l ewfarmufrv S ,formrsm;tm; etzonf *vJph m;acsum tr_rsm;pGw J ifaea=umif;?
Ek0d ifbm 21 / DVB ? ? t&Si*f rB&D tm; aemufaxmif 56 ESpcf sc&hJ m pkpak ygi;f 68 ESpjf zpfa=umif;?
Ek0d ifbm 21 / Mizzima ? ? Generation Wave tzG@J 0if [pfa[mhyt f qkad wmf aZ,smaomf(27)tm; axmif 6 ESp/f tmumbk/d atmifaZ®z;/o[ D 0if;xGw/f
a0vGirf sK;d ESifh &efEidk of w l @dk tm; 5 ESppf cD srw S . f ?
Ek0d ifbm 21 / Irrawaddy ? ? rmrmOD;tm; jrif;jc/H oufoufatmiftm; om,m0wD/ rD;rD;tm; ykord /f pENmrif;tm; ajrmifjr/ rif;aZ,smtm;vm;¶_;d / aZmfaZmfrif;
tm; awmifi/l *sirf t D m; awmif}u;D / tHb h , G af usmt f m; uom/ oef;wiftm; ppfawG/ y¾dyx f eG ;f tm; Aef;armf/ ausmaf usmaf xG;tm; rauG;/ oef@aZmf
tm; armfv®rif/ rif;[eftm; vm;¶_;d wkd o h @kd toD;oD;axmifa&$@cJah =umif; =um;od&a=umif;?
Ek0d ifbm 20 / DVB ? ? NLD tzGJ 0h if 13 OD; (touf 79 &G,f wOD;tygt0if) wk@d tm; axmif2 ESpcf pGJ cD srw S cf ahJ =umif;?
Ek0d ifbm 21 / RFA ? ? rsK;d qufausmif;om;rsm;tygt0if 'Dru dk a&pDvy_ &f mS ;olrsm;tay: etz.txl;ESp&f n S af xmif'%fcsrw S jf cif;rsm;a=umifh rsK;d quf
opfvil ,frsm;onf rw&m;r_uydk rdk q dk ef@usiv f pdk wd jf zpfa=umif;/ ppftm%m&Sief tztm; qufqef@usirf nfjzpfa=umif; a=unm./ pmrsufEmS 13 odk h

November 23, 2008 Voice of Burma 685 Page 9

 12345678901234
12345678901234
tar&duefjynfaxmifprk mS yxrqk;H ‘tmz&duef-tar&duefwOD;’orwjzpf+yD armifykn (=opa=w;vsm;)
12345678901234
12345678901234
12345678901234
(pD;yGg;a&;ujyKdysuf/ ppfyEJG pS cf uk r+yD;qk;H ao;/ tdrjf zLawmfrmS cef‹tyf&rSmu 0efxrf; &000)
(1) “TV xJe@J owif;pmawGxrJ mS vl@tcGit hf a&;acgi;f aqmif ‘*suf
‘q&mu owif;pma&m/ TV yg/ tcsed jf ynf=h unfah eawmh tar&d qD*sufqif’ (tom;rJ) udk rsuf&nfawGeJ@awG@&wm enf;enf;rSpdwf
ueforwa¶G;aumufyt GJ a=umif; qufajymjyygO;D q&m’ raumif;ygb;l / tppt&m&mjzpfcw hJ mawG[m ckvuf&v dS al wGe@J rqdik af y rifh
“tif;aygah v/ tEkid &f oGm;wJh ‘bm&wftb kd m;rm;’ (Barak Oba- twdwaf wGuakd wG;=unfah wmh odyu f ckd pH m;&ygw,farmifcspzf ;l ”
ma) ta=umif;uky d aJ jym&awmhrmS aygah rmifcspzf ;l ” ‘¶ky&f iS rf if;om;0if;OD;&J@nDjzpfol “atmifr;kd ” bmomjyefwhJ '&rf
“zcifuawmh ‘uifnm’ u tom;rJynmwwf ‘rlqvif’ ud;k (Drum) &,f/ '&rfqef; (Drum's son) &,fukd q&mzwfryd gvrd rhf ,faemf’
uG,foljzpfygw,f/ rdcifuawmh tom;jzLjzpfygw,f/ zcifeJ@rdcif tdrf “wtkyu f ‘usL;bm;’ udak emufcx H m;ayrJh ‘vlom;eJ@&ruf’ udk
axmifysu+f y;D wJah emuf ‘tkb d m;rm;’ [m rdcife@J twl ‘tif'ekd ;D &Sm;’ udk azmfjyxm;awmh ajymp&mr&Syd gb;l armifcspzf ;l &,f/ at;av vlxak y;wJh rJ
a&mufvmygw,f/ zcifu ‘uifnm’ rSmjyefae&m uG,fvGef+yD;aemuf (popular) rJu tkb d m;rm;u 52 &mcdik Ef e_ ;f 62.2 oef; &w,f/ ¶_;H wJh
rdcifvnf; aemuftrd af xmife@J uG,v f eG o
f mG ;ygw,f” *|erf uUed ;f u vlxrk J (popular ) rJrmS 47 &mckid Ef e_ ;f 55.2 oef;&w,f/
“a¶G;aumufyu JG mvrSm tdb k m;rm;udk rlqvifv@dk pGypf =GJ uwJh teuf uk,d pf m;vS,rf J ( Electoral votes) rSm tkb d m;rm;u 349 rJe@J *|erf uUed ;f
yxruawmh ol@zcifa=umifjh zpfw,f/ 'kw, d tcsuu f awmh i,f pOfu u 163 rJ&ygw,f/ 'D=um;xJrmS tvSnu hf se@J ta¶G;cH&wJh qD;edwv f w
$ f
tif'ekd ;D &Sm;Ekid if rH mS aecJv h @kd jzpfygw,f” awmfeJ@ atmufv$wfawmfwdk@rSmvnf; bk&Sfvufxuf qD;edwfrSm 'Drkd
‘'gqdk tkb d m;rm;&J@ud;k uG,0f wfðyr_u bmvJq&m’ u&ufu 51 .49 uae 56š5 - 61 jzpfvmOD;r,f/ atmufvw $ af wmf
“ol@&J@i,fpOfu ESpjf cif;cHwma&m/ tdraf xmifuswma&m/ i,farG; rSmawmh 251š11 jzpfvmOD;awmhr,f/ 'Dvt kd jzpftysurf sK;d awG 1977 ckEpS f
+caH yguf i,fq&m oif;tkyq f &mu ‘*s,&f rD¶u dk ’f av/ a¶G;aumufyu GJ m *sirf u D mwmvufxufrmS qD;edwrf mS 61 - 38/ v$waf wmfrmS 292 -143
vrSm q&mwynfh t,ltqrwlawmh uGo J mG ;=uygw,f/ 'ga=umifh ol@ zcif &&Scd +hJ y;D uvifwefvufxufusawmh 1993 ckEpS rf mS qD;edwrf mS 56 - 44/
rlqvifjzpfayrifh olu c&pf,mefwa,mufjzpfa=umif; oufao atmufvw $ af wmfrmS 258 - 176 jzpfcb hJ ;l / &cJb h ;l ygw,f”
xlEidk w
f maygu h , G ”f ‘'ga=umifh qD;edwOf uUX “eefpyD vdpk ”D eJ@ uGe*f &ufacgi;f aqmif
‘ajymygq&m/ em;axmif&wmaumif;ygw,f’ awGu olwdk@&xm;wJhtiftm;opfeJ@ pD;yGg;a&;/ usef;rma&;/ pGrf;tifeJ@
“ZeD;onfrpf&, S ef @J orD;av;ESpaf ,muf/ tm;vk;H tom;rJawG ygy/J tD&wfppfut kd qk;H owf&r,fv@kd ajymaewmud;k q&m’
tkdbm;rm;eJ@rpf&S,fwdk@[m a&›Saevkduf&efóu;pm;=u&if; vufxyf=u (3)
wmjzpfygw,f”
‘tdrjf zLawmftoGiu f ;l ajymif;a&;/ tkb d m;rm;&J@tpk;d &tzG@J a¶G;cs,f
(2) cef@tyfa&;eJ@ tdb k m;rm;&J@vkyaf qmifr,fEh idk if aH &;tpDtpOfawGukd owif;
‘a¶G;aumufyJG tEkid -f t¶_;H vnf; ajymjyygO;D q&m’ pmawGu bmawGrsm;a&;ao;ovJq&m’
“tdbk m;rm;[m 'Dru kd &ufwpfygww D iG ;f rSm orwuawmf 0g&ifh “armifcspzf ;l a&/ OD;OD;zsm;zsm;uawmh/ orwa[mif;uvifwef &,f/
qD;edww f m ‘[Dvm&Duvifwef’ ukt d Ekid &f uwnf;u wbufygwD (&D uvifwefvufxufu ol@vla[mif;awG&,fu t"duaygu h ,
G ”f
ywfbvDuif) ygwo D rwavmif; *|erf uUed ;f udt k Ekid &f r,fqw kd m wGuv
f @kd “orwa[mif;uvifwefu, kd w f idk f tdE, dN eJ@ygupPwef vGwv f yf
&w,farmifcspzf ;l &,f/ olu 47 ESp/f ruUed ;f u 72 ESp/f +y;D awmh uG,/f a&;&uwnf;uygvmcJhwJh uuf&SfrD; (Kashmir) a'o (tdENd,jynf&Sd
tEkdift¶H_;udkt"duqkH;jzwfolawGu tar&duef (tom;rJ/ tom;jzL) rlqviftrsm;pka'o) +idrf;csrf;a&;twGuf txl;oHwreftjzpfaqmif
awGqw kd mxuf orwpjzpfvmuwnf;u 'kuaQ wG ‘r_’d vdak ygu+f y;D 0kid ;f ¶Gu&f ef&,f/ orwuvifwefvufxufrmS yJ tdrjf zLawmft&m&Scd sKyv f yk f cJ+h y;D
0dik ;f vnfaewJh orwa*smcsb f &k v fS @dk om ajym&ygawmhr,fu, G ”f avmavmq,f ‘tDvED KdG u’f &J@ uGe*f &uftrwfjzpfaewJh ‘&rftrD eJ f !l’
‘em;vnfygw,fq&m’ (Rahm Emanuel ) touf 49 ESpfu tdrfjzLawmft&m&SdcsKyf&,f/
“e,l;a,mufu &Jwu dk }f u;D ESpcf k wku d cf udk cf &H w,f/ tD&wfppfyJG eJ@ b¾ma&;Xme/ trsK;d om;vkðH caH &;XmeawGrmS vnf; orwa[mif;uvif
tmz*efepPwefppfyGJESpfckvkH;rSm tustqkH;awGomtzwfwifaew,f/ wefvufxufu t&m&Sad [mif;awGygyu J ,G ”f
ckaemufq;Hk orwoufwrf;ukeq f ;Hk cge;D a&mufawmhrS tar&duefe@J urBm ‘ta&;}u;D wJh Ekid if jH cm;a&;eJ@ umuG,af &;XmawGrmS a&mq&m’
wckv;Hk rJjG ymawGusuek yf gawmhw,fu, G ”f “umuG,af &;uawmh vuf&u dS muG,af &;0ef}u;D ‘a&mbwf*w d ’f
‘'kuaQ wGygyqJ &m&,f’ yJ qufjzpfygw,f/ Edik if jH cm;a&;0ef}u;D uawmh 2004 ckEpS u f orwavmif;
“tar&duefpwifxlaxmifuwnf;ua&mufvmwJh tmz&du jzpfcJhwJh AD,uferfppfjyefeJ@ vuf&SdqDedwfwm ‘*|efu,f&D’/ qDedwfwm
tom;rJawG[m bk;d / bGm;/ ab/ bD/ bifuae+y;D ckawmh tm;upm;awG ‘cswaf [*,f’/ ‘&pfcswt f b kd ¶Gw’f / ‘wdek v D w d ’f / qDewd wf m ‘&pfcswv f *l g’
rSm tEkynmawGrmS / ppfbuf t&yfbuf tkycf sKyaf &;bufawGrmS wp wd@k wawG wef;pDaeygw,farmifcspzf ;l ”
wpyGg;rsm;vmovkd }u;D us,v f mygawmhw,farmifcspzf ;l ” “+y;D awmh wOD;xJomuseaf wmhwhJ orw ‘*|eu f ae'D’
‘em;vnf;vnfygw,f/ pmvnf; pmemygw,fq&m’ pmrsufEmS 17 od‹k
Page 10 Voice of Burma 685 November 23 , 2008
 owif;axmufESifh uAsmq&mtm; axmif'%fcsrSwfr_udk ±_wfcsuef@uGuf
DVB / Ek0d ifbm 18 ? ? tm%mydik af wGu tif;pdeaf xmifrmS zrf;xm;wJh rtdrfhcdkifOD;udk axmif'%fcsrSwfwmeJ@ywfoufvkd@ tDudkAD;&Sif;
owif;axmuf rtdrchf idk Of ;D eJ@ uAsmq&m apma0wd@k ukd axmif'%fawGcs *sme,fudk qufoG,far;jref;awmh ajzr,fholr&Sdygbl;? q&mapma0&J@
rSwfvkdufwJhvkyf&yfudk jynfwGif;jynfyu jrefrmpme,fZif;orm;awGu uAsmudk azmfjycJw h hJ tcsp*f sme,fu t,f'w D mawGe@J ywfoufv@kd &efuek òf r›
jypfwif±w _ cf sygw,f? u uAsmq&mwOD;u “uAsmrSm +ipd eG ;f w,fyaJ jymajym uAsmq&m w
tDuAkd ;D &Si;f *sme,f owif;axmuf rtdrchf idk Of ;D udk 'DEpS Zf eG f &efuek òf r› a,mufc&H wmuawmh usaemfw@dk t}u;D tus,f xdcu dk cf pH m;=u&ygw,f”
ukvor*~±;kH a&S@rSm em*pfrek w f idk ;f ab;'kuo Q nfawGukd owif;"mwfy±kH u dk f vd@k ajymygw,f?
aewke;f tm%mykid af wGu zrf;cJw h myg? uAsmq&mapma0ukad wmh 'DEpS f “wa,mufucH/ wa,mufupHqadk wmh 'D[muawmh vk;H 0rjzpf
Zefe0g&Dxkwf tcspf*sme,fyg uAsmwyk'fudk ta=umif;ðy+yD; zrf;wmyg? oifhwJhudpPyJAsm/ tm;vkH; pmayorm;awG/ uAsmorm;awGuawmh
olw@kd ESpOf ;D udk axmif'%f2 ESppf cD srw S w
f m[m jrefrmEdik if rH mS owif;vGwf em=unf;=uygw,f?” owif;vGwfvyfcGifhudk ajymifajymifwif;wif;csKd;
vyfciG t hf arSmifusaew,fqw kd mudk jyovdu k w
f myJv@kd &efuek òf ru › r*~Zif; azmufaewJh etzppftpd;k &&J@ vky&f yfukd jrefrmhowif;or*~ 'k-OuUÏOD;Zif
t,f'w D mcsKyw f OD;u ajymygw,f? vif;u jypfwif±w _ cf sygw,f?
“pme,fZif;qkdwmu jynfolxk&J@toHukd usaemfwkd@wifjy=u& “etzuk, d w f idk u
f 'Dru dk a&pDEidk if x H al xmifcsiyf gw,fv@dk wzGzG
wmav? ukad pma0wk@d uvnf; cHpm;r_e@J qufo, G +f y;D rS vlx&k @J cHpm;r_udk ajymae +y;D awmh vufawG@vkyw f mawGu 'Dru dk a&pDEidk if w
H ck&@J pwkwˆ
a&;om;wmyJaygAh sm? tDuAdk ;D &Si;f u owif;axmufrav;vnf; olvnf; r¾dKijf zpfwhJ pme,fZif;vGwv f yfciG u hf dk ±ku
d cf sK;d aewJth cgusawmh 'DOpPm[m
tJvydk /J tckawmh axmifcsavmufwhJ tajctaer[kwb f ;l vk@d usaemfxif tifrwefrmS tusn;f weft±kyq f ;dk wJuh pd w P ckjzpfw,f? etztaeeJ@ tck
ygw,f/ owif;vGwv f yfciG q
hf idk &f mawG yk+d y;D rS &&So
d ifw
h ,f? Armjynfu awmh vkd owif;pmq&mawGudk rwefwqjypf'%fawGe@J ta&;,lwm/ zdEydS w f m/
owif;vGwfvyfcGifhqkdif&mrSm tarSmifusaew,fqkdwm azmfjywmyJ owif;vGwv f yfciG u hf kd zdEydS w
f mukd usaemfw@dk jrefrmowif;or*~taeeJ@
aygAh sm?” jyif;jyif;xef xefuef@uGuw f ,f?”
2007 pufwifbm a&$0ga&mif oHCm-vlxq k ENjy+y;D aemufyikd ;f rSm
rsKd;qufopfvli,frsm;tm; axmif'%f jrefrmpme,f Zif;orm; 10 OD;xufrenf;udk ppftpk;d &tm%mykid af wGu
csrSwfjcif;udk uef@uGufqef@usif zrf;qD;ta&;,lxm;w,fv@kd jrefrmowif;or*~u xkwjf yefygw,f?
/ Ek0d ifbm 21 ? ? rsK;d qufopfvil ,frsm;tpnf;t±H;k
ausmif;om;acgif;aqmifrsm;udk e,faxmifrsm;odk yh kd h
RFA Genera-
tion Wave tzG@J 0ifawGudk axmif'%fEp
S &f n
S cf srw
S ±f ekH @J tajymif;tvJvv
kd m;
aewJh rsK;d qufopfvil ,fawG&@J qENawGukd acszsuEf idk f rSmr[kwaf =umif;
rsK;d qufopfvil ,frsm;tpnf;t±H;k u a=unmcsux f wk f jyefvu kd yf gw,f? DVB / Ek0d ifbm 19 ? ?ausmif;om;acgi;f aqmifwOD;jzpfwhJ udu
k }dk u;D ukd
vrf;rawmfòre› ,fw&m;±H;k uae udak Z,saomf udak tmifaZòz; ukt d m &Sr;f jynfta&S@ydik ;f usKid ;f wkuH ae rkid ;f qwfaxmifqD xyfraH jymif;a&$@vku d f
%mbdk udo k [ D 0if; ukad 0vif;òz; ud&k efEidk o f w l @kd ukd 6 OD;udk w&m;r0iftoif; a=umif; a'ocHawGu ajymygw,f?
zG@J pnf;r_e@J axmif'%f 5 ESpcf srw S v
f u
kd yf gw,f? 88 ausmif;om; 9 OD;ukd rtlyifuae axmif'%f 65 ESpcf svu dk +f y;D
udak Z,saomfukd w&m;r0ifEidk if jH cm;aiGuidk af qmifre_ @J 1 ESpx f yf aemuf xif&mS ;wJh ausmif;f om;acgi;f aqmif udrk if;udEk idk ef @J udu k }dk u;D wk@d ukd
wd;k +y;D axmif'%f 6 ESppf pk ak ygi;f csrw S cf yhJ gw,f? tckvkd axmif'%fawG rdom;pke@J a0;vHwhJ usKid ;f wkòH ru › dk tckv 16 &ufae@u yk@d vku d w f m jzpfyg
csrSwfvdkufwma=umifh rsKd;qufopfvli,fawGtaeeJ@ rw&m;r_udk ydkrdk w,f? 'gayr,fh ukdukd}uD;ukdawmh usKdif;wkHa&muf+yD; 2 &ufrSm xkdif;-
qef@usiv f pkd wd af wGjzpfay:vm+y;D ppftm%m&Siaf wGukd qufvufqef@usif jrefrme,fpyfteD; rkid ;f qwfòr@qD xyfajymif;oGm;w,fv@kd usKid ;f wkaH 'ocH
oGm;rSmomjzpfw,fv@kd tzG@J &J@ a=unmcsurf mS azmfjyxm;ygw,f? awGuajymygw,f? wjcm; 88 ausmif;om;wcsK@d vnf; e,fòra› wGjzpfwhJ
wcsed w f nf;rSmyJ 2007 rsK;d qufopfausmif;om;rsm;or*~uvnf; weoFm&Dwkdif; aumhaomifòr›/ u&ifjynfe,f bm;tH / ucsifjynfe,f
88 rsK;d qufausmif;om;awG tygt0if 'Dru dk a&pDa&;v_y&f mS ;aqmif&u G o f l jrpf}u;D em;òru › axmifawGqD toD;oD;a&mufomG ;+yv D @dk tJ'uD òrc› aH wGu
awGuzkd rf;qD;axmifcsaewJt h ay: uef@uGuaf =umif; a=unmcsuw f apmif ajymygw,f?
udk xkwjf yefxm;ygw,f? trsm;jynfo&l @J b0tusyt f wnf;ukd a&S@±_+y;D vkyf b,folawGqkdwmuawmh rdom;pkawG axmif0ifpmvmawG@rS
aqmifcJh=uwJh 88 rsKd;qufopfausmif;om;acgif;aqmif udkrif;udkEdkif wdwu d susoEd idk rf ,fv@kd olw@dk ajym=uygw,f? e,faxmifawGqaD &muf
tygt0if +y;D cJw h EhJ pS f qENjyyJaG wGtwGi;f yg0ifco hJ al wGudk axmif'%fEpS &f n S f oGm;wJh 88 ausmif;om;awGudk rdom;pk0ifawGuvnf; axmif0ifpmawG@
awGcsrw S +f y;D a0;vHwahJ 'oawGukd yd@k aqmifaewmudk pdwrf csr;f ajrph mG Ekid zf @dk jyifqifae=uw,fv@kd od&ygw,f? weoFm&Dawmifyidk ;f aumhaomif
=um;odae&a=umif; ausmif;om;awGtwGuf ppftm%m&Si}f u;D pd;k aeoa&G@ axmifqyD @dk cH&wJh ukðd y;H csK&d @J ZeD; r0g0g0if;uawmh 'DvxJrmS axmif0ifpm
jrefrmjynfrSm acwfrDynma&;rqkdxm;eJ@ +idrf;csrf;pGmynmoif=um;a&; csucf si;f oGm;awG@r,fv@dk ajymygw,f?
qkw d mawmifjzpfvmzd@k rvG,u f al =umif; 'ga=umifph pftyk pf &k @J zdEydS rf r_ eS f or#ukd wcsK@d rdom;pk0ifawGuvnf; r0g0g0if;vkyd J tcuftcJawG/ 'kuaQ wG
2007 ck ESprf sK;d qufopfausmif;om;awGtaeeJ@ a=umuf&@HG aerSm r[kwyf J ñuaH wG@cHpm;&ayr,fh axmif0ifpmawG@Ekid af tmifóu;pm;aew,fv@kd ajym
qufvufawmfvSefwkdufyJG0ifoGm;rSmomjzpfw,fvkd@ a=unm csufrSm ygw,f? 88 ausmif;om;awG[m rESpf =o*kwv f u ukeaf ps;E_e;f jyefus
azmfjyxm;ygw,f? qif;a&;twGuf awmif;qkq d ENjywJth wGuf zrf;qD;cH&wmjzpfygw,f?
November 23, 2008 Voice of Burma 685 Page 11
 pD&ifcsufrsm;ESifh a0;vHaomaxmifrsm;ydk@r_ rw&m;[k rdom;pkrsm;u&ifzGifh
DVB / Ek0d ifbm 18 ? ? trsKd;om;'Drdkua&pDtzGJ@csKyf {&m0wDwdkif; tawmfav; pdwrf aumif;jzpfryd gw,f? usrwk@d wk@d rdom;pktaeeJ@ 'kuQ
vli,f wm0efcH udkodef;aqGudk tif;pdefaxmif0if; txl;w&m;±Hk;u a&mufwmayg?h tckvdk &moDtul;tajymif; use;f rma&;utp usrtxl;
'Dae@axmif '%f 6 ESpcf cJG srw S vf ukd w
f ,fv@kd ol@zcifO;D rif;aqGu ajymygw,f? pkd;&drfrdygw,f?”
udok ed ;f aqGukd w&m;vdjk youfaoawG&@J r[kwrf rSex f u G qf ckd suf udrk sK;d oef@eJ@twl axmif'%f 6 ESpcf cJG srw S cf &H wJh wuUov kd af usmif;
awGay:vGiaf eygvsuf tJ'gawGukd twnf,+l y;D pD&ifcsucf swmygv@kd OD;rif; om; udZk ifvif;atmif[m ynma&;wydik ;f wpeJ@rk@d tvGepf w d rf aumif;jzpf
aqG(tzG@J csKyf jynfo@l v$waf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,)f u ajymygw,f? w,fv@kd ol@zcif OD;atmifazoef;u ajym&if; idak eygw,f?
“aemufq;Hk w&m;vkjd youfaowa,muf[mqk&d if ol@ukd owif; “'Duav;awGu touft&G,ef @J =unfrh ,fq&dk if tckrS 19 ESpx f J
wyfz@JG uae+y;D awmh a&;ay;wJt h wkid ;f 7 a,mufpm&if; owif;wyfz@JG u ukd 0ifcgp? æ usaemfrh mS 'Dom;wOD;yJ&ydS gw,f? olw@dk &J@vkyaf qmifcsuu f
a&;ay;ygw,fqw dk mukvd nf; olw&m;±k;H rSm zGiahf jymw,f? 'D 7 a,mufudk t!Gef@csKd;cHvkduf&wmaygh/ uav;awG&J@b0ukd? [kdra&muf 'Dra&muf/
vnf; olrodygb;l wJ?h aemufwcg bmawGxu G &f r,fqw dk mukd owif;wyf ynma&;qk;H cef;wkid af tmifr&? rdbtaeeJ@ ,lusK;H r&cHpm;&wmayg?h om;
zG@J uae a&;ay;wJph m&Gupf mwrf;ukv d nf; w&m;±k;H rSmxkwjf yw,f/ 'Dupd P ukd axmif 6 ESpcf cJG svu dk w
f mukd ol@tarrodao;bl;? usaemfo@l ukad jym
udw k &m;pGcJ &H olbufu tusK;d aqmifa&S@ae OD;atmifoed ;f u w&m;±k;H rSm vku d vf @dk &S&d if ol cHEidk &f nf&rdS ,fv@dk rxifb;l ayhg? b,fuae b,fvu dk sae
w&m;0ifoufaotjzpf vufczH @dk wifjyayr,fh w&m;ol}u;D u vk;H 0vuf b,fvadk jym&rSe;f awmifrodb;l ?“
rcHwt hJ jyif w&m;pGcJ &H olawGbufu wifjywJo h ufaoawGuv kd nf; w “a&S@aeukad wmifrS axmifcsvu dk w
f mqkad wmh usaemfw@dk vnf; vkyf
a,mufrS rppfaq;bl;vk@d ajymygw,f? 'ga=umifh rk@d vk@d w&m;Oya'[m vk@d bmrSta=umif;xl;rSmr[kwyf gb;l ? om;uvnf;ajymw,f? ‘ygyg/ om;
wdr;f apmif;aew,f? w&m;Oya'abmif}u;D u usK;d ysuaf ew,fv@dk usaemf wkd@ukd wrifwum axmifrususatmifvkyfaewmygyJwJh? om;awmh
tJ'v D ydk jJ rifw,fAsm?” axmifawmhusrmS yJ’wJ?h usaemfw@dk vnf; bmvkyv f @dk &Ekid yf grh vJAsm? olw@dk
'Dae@ axmifcsc&H olawGxrJ mS vl@tcGit hf a&;umuG,jf ri‡ w hf ifol vufcyk x f u J a&ayg?h tif;pdeaf xmifrmS axmifjypf'%fp&D if+y;D vk@d &S&d if e,f
rsm;uGe&f uf(tdycf st f m 'Dy)D u udrk sK;d oef@vnf; yg0ifygw,f? udrk sK;d oef@udk axmifawGukd r=umcifajymif;a&$@vkdufw,f? tifrwefa0;wJha'oukd
tif;pdeaf xmif0if; taemufyikd ;f c±dik w f &m;¶H;k w&m;ol}u;D OD;wifxw G uf ajymif;a&$@vku d af wmh b,fuakd &mufr,fqw dk mvnf; rpOf;pm;wwfawmh
yk'rf 143/ 145/ 147/ 295/ 505(c) wk@d eJ@ axmif'%f 6 ESpcf cJG srw S &f mrSm bl;?” Ekid if aH &;tusO;f om;awGukd rdom;pke@J teD;qH;k axmifawGrmS yJ xm;
rdom;pkukd wufa&mufem;axmifciG rhf ðybl;vk@d ukrd sK;d oef@&J@ESr roDopD ;dk u oifyh gw,fv@kd udo k ed ;f aqG&@J zcif OD;rif;aqGu ajymygw,f?
ajymygw,f? “Ekid if &H @J tpGet f zsm;awGudk yk@d r,fq&dk if usaemfw@dk oGm;&vm&wm
“tm;ay;csiw f maygah emf/ b,favmufususayg?h tJ't D wGuu f dk c&D;p&dw/f ukeu f sp&dwpf ojzifh rdbawGrmS vnf; 'kuaQ &mufygw,f?”

aq;ausmif;om;rsm; ausmif;r+yD;cif ausmif;rS xGufwJhE_ef;rsm;vm

NEJ / Ek0d ifbm 19 ? ? &efuek af q;wuUov
dk f 1 wGif wufa&mufae ukoa&;oif=um;a&;eJ@ ¶k;H vkyif ef;awGrmS awmif q&m0efawGtvkycf ef@Ekid f
onfh aq;ausmif;om;rsm; ausmif;r+y;D cif ausmif;rSxu G w f EhJ e_ ;f rsm;vmae jcif;r&Sb d ;l / q&m0efavmif; trsm;tjym;tvky&f zk@d apmifq h idk ;f ae&w,f/
a=umif; tqkyd gausmif;rS ausmif;om;ausmif;olrsm;u ajymygw,f? 'Dq&m0efawG[m tvkyo f ifvnf; qufvyk cf iG rhf &S/d q&m0eftjzpfvnf;
ausmif;om;wOD;ajymjywmu æ tvkycf ef@r_ur&S/d aq;ukocGiv hf idk pf ifuvnf; r&Sw d t hJ wGuf 'Dtwkid ;f xkid f
“ausmif;+y;D oGm;&ifawmif q&m0efvyk cf iG &hf zk@d tcuftcJawGt apmifah e&wJo h abmjzpfw,f/ avmavmq,f 2006 ckEpS rf mS ausmif;+y;D
rsm;}u;D &Sad ewm odvm&w,f/ aemuf ausmif;u ynmoif=um;a&;pepf wJh q&m0efaygupf awGawmifrS tckrS tvkyaf v#muf&w,f/ 'Dtajctae
uyvnf; raumif;bl;/ 'Dawmh tjyifxu G +f y;D Ekid if jH cm;wuUov dk w
f ckcrk mS ukdodae jrifaewJh aq;ausmif;om;ausmif;olawG[m twef;r+yD;cif
ausmif;oGm;wufEidk af &;yJ óu;pm;vmwJo h al wGrsm;vmw,f/ ausmif;w ausmif;uaexGuw f mrsm;vmwJh oabmjzpfw,f”?
ausmif;vk;H taeeJ@ ausmif;r+y;D / bG@J r&yJ ausmif;rSxu G o f mG ;OD;a& b,f &efuek ®f rr› S Ekid if jH cm;ynma&; tusK;d aqmifvyk if ef; vkyu f idk af eol
avmufrsm;w,fqw dk m twdtusrodayr,fh usaemho f il ,fcsi;f wESpf wOD;uvnf; tckaemufyidk ;f Ekid if jH cm;wuUov dk w
f ufciG &hf &ef óu;pm;vmol
wnf;orm; 6 a,mufu xGuo f mG ;+y”D ? rsm;xJrmS aq;ausmif;wykid ;f wpwufco hJ l tif*sief ,D mausmif; wydik ;f wp
tqkyd gupd t P m; &efuek t f xl;ukaq;¶k}H u;D rS t¶k;d txl;ukq&m wufco hJ rl sm;a=umif;vnf;qkyd gw,f?
0ef}u;D ukd ar;jref;=unh&f m bG@J r&cifausmif;rSxu G o f mG ;ol &mckid Ef e_ ;f rsm; tck v uf & S d aq;wuU o k d v f o if = um;a&;eJ @ ywf o uf + yD ; tJ ' D
vmw,fqw dk m [kwrf eS af =umif; twnfðyajymygw,f? ykrH eS pf epft& aq; q&m0ef}u;D u quf&iS ;f jy&mrSm oif=um;r_nzHh si;f vma=umif;/ wuUov dk f
wuUokdvfrsm;rS ausmif;+yD;vkd@bGJ@&oGm;wJhq&m0efavmif;rsm;taeeJ@ wufaewJh aq;ausmif;om;rsm;rSm ausmif;wuf¶rHk u pmar;yGaJ tmif&ef
tvkyo f ifq&m0eftjzpf wESpv f yk uf idk &f a=umif; +y;D rStvkyaf v#mufxm; twGuf uk, d uhf o
dk if=um;wJh ygarmuQrsmxHrmS rjzpfrae usL&Si, f al e&
&+y;D aq;ukocGiv hf idk pf if&a=umif; tqkyd g txl;ukq&m0ef}u;D u ajymyg a=umif;/ 'gt h jyif pmwwfajrmufvo dk rl sm; twGuu f awmh tjcm;eD;pyf&m
w,f? olqufajymwmuæ txl;ukq&m0ef}u;D rsm;xH xyf+y;D oif=um;ae&w,fv@dk qkyd gw,f?
“vuf&t dS ajctae=unh&f if use;f rm;a&;0ef}u;D Xmevufatmuf

Page 12 Voice of Burma 685 November 23 , 2008

 ooww if if; ;wdwdk xG
k xGm mzzwfwfpp&&m muu¾¾
aq;r_wfumqef@usif
rif;ukEd idk f tygt0if 88 rsK;d qufausmif;om; acgi;f aqmifawG&@J
aemufrSm vlxk&Sdaea=umif;jyowJhtaeeJ@ppfawGòr›rSm ppftkyfpkukd
qef@usifwJhv_yf&Sm;r_udk a'ocHawGu aqmif&Guf=uygw,f? ppfawGòr›
ocsKõ i;f rSm ppfawGòr@&Sd 88 rsK;d qufausmif;om;a[mif; awGe@J 'Dru
dk a&pDa&;
wufºuv_y&f mS ;ol 15 OD;avmufu tkw*f al wGe@J Z&yfw@dk rSm “etzppf
tpk;d &usq;Hk ygap” vd@k aq;eJ@a&;=uw,fv@kd v_y&f mS ; r_rmS yg0ifow l OD;u
LLZN

ajymygw,f? 'Dvy_ &f mS ;r_udk pufwifbm oHCmawWm yd@k ºucsrD r_ mS yg0ifczhJ ;l wJh
oHCmawmfwyg;u OD;aqmifw,fv@kd qdyk gw,f? (DVB, 10.11.2008)

zufqpfxufqdk;wJhetz owif;rSeftpD&ifcHvdk@
88 rsK;d qufausmif;om;awG/ oHCmFawmfawG/ wkid ;f &if;om;vli,f tDuAdk &GD iS ;f owif;*sme,fowif;axmuf rtdrchf ikd f OD;udk axmif'%f
awGtyg0if vlaygi;f 100 eD;yg;udk ESp&f n S af xmifcsvukd w
f m[m trsK;d om; 2 ES p f c srS w f v d k u f w J h etztm%myk d i f a wG & J @ vk y f & yf u d k e,f
jyefvnfoihfjrwfa&;eJ@ 2010 a&G;aumufyJGudk xdckduf apEkdifw,fvkd@ jcm;rJo
h wif;axmufrsm;tzG@J RSF eJ@ jrefrmowif;or*~ BMA wd@k u
etzeJ@typfcwf&yfpaJ &;vkyx f m;wJh rGejf ynfopfygwu
D a0zefvudk yf gw,f? jypfwif¶w _ cf svu kd yf gw,f?tckEpS af rv em*pfrek w
f idk ;f t+y;D *|ef 10 &ufrmS
&efuek rf mS ae@pOfzrf;qD;axmifcsra_ wGe@J ywfouf+y;D rGejf ynfopfygwaD jym avab;'k u Q o nf 100 ausmf u &ef u k e f & S d u k v or*~ ¶ k H ; a&› S u d k
cGi&hf yk*Kd~ vf Ekid af tmifrai;u 'g[m trsK;d om;tcsi;f csi;f rvkyo f ifw
h v hJ yk &f yf oGm;a&muftultnDawmif; csed rf mS rtdrchf ikd Of ;D uowif;vdu k , f al ewke;f
jzpf+y;D udv k edk eD ,fcs@J acwfe@J / zufqpfacwfxufawmif tajc aeqk;d aew,f tm%mydik af wGuzrf;qD;vdu k f ygw,f? 5 v=umcsKyaf ESmifxm;+y;D rS tckvkd
vd@k ajymygw,f? (DVB, 19.11.2008) axmif'%fp&D ifcsucf svu kd w
f myg? (DVB, 16.11.2008)

arG;ae@yGJwufvkd@ axmif 2 ESpfcGJ etzudkwdkuf&rnf

ZGef 19 &ufwek ;f u tzG@J csKy±f ;Hk a&Sr› mS jrefrmh'rD u
kd a& pDacgi;f aqmif autdik t
f tkd aeeJ@ ucsiv
f rl sK;d awG&@J tcGit hf a&;awGtwGuf etz
a':atmifqef;pk=unf&J@arG;ae@tcrf;tem;usif;yaewkef; }uHhckdifa&;eJ@ udk wdu
k &f rnf[k a'ocHjynfoal wGe@J autdik t f akd cgi;f aqmifawGawG@qHk yGrJ mS
pGrf;tm;&SifawGvdk@ ,lq&olawGu ±dkufESufzrf;qD;cJh&wJh trsKd;om;'Drdk jynfolawGu ajymqdk=uygw,f? etzeJ@ typftcwf&yfpJ+yD;aemuf
ua&pDtzG@J csKy0f if 13 OD;eJ@ oHCmawmfwOD;udk axmif 2 ESpcf cJG srw S v f u
kd f jynfoal wG&@J tajctaeawG wd;k wufvmjcif;r&Sb d ;l vd@k qdyk gw,f? autdik f
w,fv@kd od&ygw,f? (DVB, 19.11.2008) td[
k m etzvkyrf ,haf &G;aumufyu JG kd 0ifr,fv@kd od&ygw,f? ( K N G ,

'Drdkua&pDa&;udkESdyfuGyfjcif;
18.11.2008)

etzppftm%mydkifawGu 'Drdkua&pDa&;v_yf&Sm;wJhe,fy,fpHku owif;jyuQ'ed rf S

vlawGukd axmif'%fEpS &f n S cf srw S af ewm[m jrefrmjynfu'Dru kd a&pDa&;
}uKd ;yrf;r_ukd acgi;f raxmifEikd af tmif ESyd u
f yG jf cif;yJjzpfw,fv@kd tuJcwfawG Ek0d ifbm 21 / RFA ? ? t&Si*f rB&D .tpfudk ukad tmifausmaf usmt f m; ,ae@ axmif
u qdyk gw,f? 2 ywftwGi;f rSm vl 80 udk axmif'%f 65 ESpt f xuf 14 ESpjf zihf o&ufaxmifo@dk yk@d vku d af =umif; ZeD; roEœmrSq. dk ?
csrw S cf yhJ gw,f? (AP, 17.11.2008) Ek0d ifbm 21 / RFA ? ? axmif 65 ESpjf zifh vm;¶_;d yk@d rnfh rif;aZ,sonf ra&muf
&Sad o;[k vm;¶_;d axmifraS jzIk pdwyf al ea=umif; rdom;pkrq S . dk ?
pmrsufEmS 7 rS Ek0d ifbm 21 / RFA ? ? 88 ausmif;om;0if 14 OD;tm; axmif 3 ESprf S 5 ESpx f cd sc.
hJ ?
at0rf;bavmufuae ausmufjzLtxdukd a&atmufuae oluwnf odef;oef;xGef;- 5 ESpf/ ausmfxGef;ukdudk 5 ESpf/ apmrsKd;rif;vkdif 3 ESpf/
aqmufrmS jzpfw,f/ ausmufjzLa&mufomG ;vk@d &S&d if ausmufjzLuae a& aomfZifxGef; 3 ESpf/ ukdatmifokdufpkd; 3 ESpf/ cspfudkvif; 5 ESpf/
ay:uwnfaqmufrmS jzpfw,f/ 'DausmufjzLrSmyJ w¶kwu f ykid q f idk x
f m;wJh ro&zDodrfhodrfhxGef; 5 ESpf/ at;oDwm 5 ESpf/ pk=unfoef; 3 ESpf/
a&eHawG&w dS ,f/ tJ'aD &eHyu dk v
f idk ;f a&m *ufpyf u dk v f ikd ;f yg ESprf sK;d vk;H udo k , G f ESi;f aratmif(c)Ekb d v
J ,fat; 5 ESp/f av;av;rGef 5 ESp/f a':prfprf;wif 3
wef;rSmjzpfw,f/ olw@kd p+y;D awmh at0rf;uxGuw f *hJ ufpu f akd &mif;&r,fh ESp/f rESi;f &D 5 ESp/f wifx;l atmif 3 ESpEf iS fh xGe;f OD;/ ol&vif;/ rk;d rk;d / ukw
d if0if;/
umvu 2012 uae 2032 txd vsmxm;owfrw S x f m;w,f” xGe;f xGe;f OD;/ uko d ef;Ekid /f ud&k jrJ ihf 4 ESppf cD srw
S .
f ?
etzppftpd;k &[m yxrykid ;f u &cdik u f rf;ajrmifuxGu&f w dS "hJ gwf Ek0d ifbm 20 / RFA ? ? ajrmufOuUvm opPmozlausmif;ESifh aiG=um,Hausmif;rS
aiG@awGukd tdE, dN Ekid if u
H adk &mif;csb@kd oabmwlcahJ yr,fh obm0"gwaf iG@ oHCmrsm;/ oDv&Sifrsm;tm; ,ciftywfwGif; ESpf&Snfaxmif'%frsm;
ykud vf idk ;f jzwfomG ;&r,fh b*Fvm;a'&SEf idk if u H yku d v f ikd ;f jzwfoef;c aps;jri‡ hf csrSwfcJh.?
xm;wJt h wGuf tdE, dN taeeJ@ tqifrajycJyh gb;l ? tJ'aD emuf w¶kwEf idk if u H Ek0d ifbm 21 / RFA ? ? tmqD,o H nf jrefrmwGif vl@tcGit fh a&;usL;vGerf r_ sm;
yku
d vf ikd ;f oG,+f y;D w¶kwjf ynfo,f,b l @kd qk;H jzwfcw hJ mjzpfygw,f? (axmif 65 ESpcf srr_ sm;) pHpk rf;a&;aumfr&Siaf pv$wo f ih[f k NCGUB rSq. dk
November 23, 2008 Voice of Burma 685 Page 13
 tcGefay;vkyfukdifaewJh udkif;v,fawGukd a&póuòr@ r,urS rw&m;odrf;
DVB / Ek0d ifbm 19 ? ? rauG;wdik ;f a&póuòre› ,ftwGi;f rSm tcGeaf y; ajrawmf tcsKyx f rJ mS xnfx h m;w,f? ajrawmfrmS pcef;cG&J w dS ,fav? OD;aX;
vkyu f ikd af ewJh udik ;f awmif,mawGukd tm%mydik af wGu vkyu f ikd cf iG w fh m;jrpf v_id ;f uae+y;D awmh &,u OuUÏOD;atmifaZmf0if;ayg?h oluae+y;D awmhrS &JawG
xm; +y;D aiGnp‡ af ewJt h wGuf tcufñuaH e&+yv D ‹kd awmifoal wGuajymygw,f? ac:vm+y;D awmh xGeaf ewJv h u l kd zrf;oGm;+y;D awmh pcef;tcsKyx f J xnfx
h m;vk@d
vGecf w
hJ hJ ok;H vupvd‹k a&póuòre› ,ftwGi;f u trSwf (1) &yfuu G f 'Dae@rSm tmrcHe@J xkwv f mcJw h ,f?”
eJ‹ yga*gi/f bke;f awmfjynh/f udik ;f / ae&if;pwJh aus;&Gmtkypf k 20 ausmu f ckcsdefrSm aus;&Gmtm%mydkifawG&J‹tvdktwdkif; udk,fhawmif,m
awmif,m{u 3000 cef‹udk oufqikd &f maus;&Gmtm%mydik af wGu quf w0uftodr;f cH+y;D usew f 0uftwGuf aiGay;+y;D vkyzf ‹kd oabmwl=uolawG
vkycf iG w fh m;jrpfcw hJ mjzpfygw,f? 'Dawmif,mawGrmS t"dutm;jzihf ðiwf &So
d vdk 'Dupd P rSerf eS u f efuefajz&Si;f ay;wJt h xd &ifqikd rf ,hf awmifoal wG
=uufoeG /f ajryJ/ yJrsK;d pkeH ‹J jrefrmaq;awG pdu k af e=uwmyg? 'Dpu kd cf if;awG vnf; txuftqihq f ihuf wkd ifjyzd‹k jyifqifae=uw,fv@kd od&ygw,f?
jzpfvmatmif awmifoal wG[m ajrEku|e;f awGukd ud, k zhf mom aiGpu kd f xkwf
tyifyef;cH ckwx f iG pf ukd yf sK;d vkyu
f ikd cf =hJ uwm &SpEf pS af vmuf&+dS yjD zpfyg w,f/ jrefrmtvkyform; &mcsDI tvkyfðzwfcH=u&
t&ifu r,uOuUÏvufxufu cGiðfh ycsuv f nf;&xm;+y;D om; jzpf ovdk
ajrpm&if;OD;pD;Xmeudkvnf; tcGefaqmifaewJh OD;ydkifayguf awmif,m RFA / Ek0d ifbm 19 ? ? xkid ;f Ekid if w
H iG ;f pD;yGm;a&;usqif;pðyaewJt
h wGuf
awGjzpfygw,f? puf¶kHtvkyf¶kHawmfawmfrsm;rsm;rSm jrefrma¶$@ajymif;tvkyform;awG
'DudpPrSm r,u±kH;tzGJ‹rª; OD;tkef;ausmfu &,uawGeJ‹aygif;+yD; &meJ@cs+D y;D tvkyaf wGpðzwfae+yjD zpfygw,f?
wm;cdik ;f wmvd‹k awmifoal wGu ,k=H unfae=u+y;D r,uOuUÏudk wuf 'gth jyif wjcm;Ekid if aH wGrmS tvkyv f yk af e=uwJh xkid ;f Ekid if o
H m; ode;f
wdik &f mrSmtqifrajybl;vd‹k uk, d w f ikd o f mG ;wkid wf hJ awmifow l a,mufu eJ@cst
D vkyðf zwfc&H +y;D jynfawmfjyefvmwJt h wGuv f nf; xdik ;f tpd;k &taeeJ@
ajymygw,f? 'ga=umihf c±dik t f qihf wdik =f um;&mrSm qufvyk cf iG afh y;w,fv‹kd xdik ;f tvkyo f rm;awGtwGuf óuwifjyifqifra_ wGvyk af ew,fv@dk xkid ;f ¶kyf
pmxkwfcJhygw,f? tJ'Daemuf aus;&Gmtm%mydkifawGu odrf;xm;wJh jrifo=H um;XmeawGu owif;xkwjf yefygw,f?
awmif,m {uok;H axmifxu J w0ufukd vkycf iG afh y;+y;D usew f 0ufuykd J xkid ;f pD;yGm;a&;tajctaet&a&m xkid ;f tvkyo f rm;awGtwGuyf g
odr;f awmhr,f vd‹k qdyk gw,f? odr;f wJah wmif,m{uawGxu J vkycf si&f if jrefrmtvkyform;awGukd tckvdkðzwfwmjzpfw,fvkd@ jrefrma¶$@ajymif;
w{uaiGo;Hk aomif;ay;&r,fq+kd y;D awmif;wma=umihf rausreyfjzpfae=u tvkyo f rm;ulnaD pmifah &Smufa&;tzG@J awGu ok;H oyfae=uygw,f? bef
ygw,f? tck v 16 &ufae‹wek ;f uawmh wm;jrpfwt hJ =um;u vkyv f ‹kd q+kd y;D aumuftajcpku d f xkid ;f Ekid if aH &mufjrefrmEkid if o
H m;rsm;toif;wm0efcH OD;
awmifoEl pS af ,muf zrf;qD;csKyaf ESmifccH &hJ ygw,f? ausmaf omif;u tckvakd jymygw,f?
“rae@u ajrawmfaus;&Gmu awmifoo l ;Hk OD;u olw@dk vkyyf idk cf iG &hf “olw@kd u olw@dk Ekid if u H jynfyujyefa&mufvmwJt h vkyo f rm;awG
wJhajrukd qif;xGefwJhtcgusawmh tJ'DawmifolawGukdzrf;+yD;awmh tck udk tvkyftukdif&SmazGa&;twGuf enf;vrf;&SmazGwJhae&mrSm xdkif;awG
rvkyfcsifwJhae&mrSm jrefrmudkcsefxm;+yD; jrefrmtvkyform;tawmfrsm;

udk'D+idrf;vif; zcifeJ@twl axmifcscH& rsm;udk tpkvu dk t f ðyv

qk;d vm&ifawmh rdwaf qGxidk ;f tvkyo
H udk ðf zwfvmwmudak wG@&w,f/ 'gayrJh 'Dxufy+dk y;D
f rm;tzG@J tpnf;awGe@J yl;aygi;f +y;D qk;d
DVB / Ek0d ifbm 19 ? ? Auoausmif;om;acgi;f aqmif ud'k +D ird ;f vif; qk;d ¶Gm;¶Gm;taetxm;wcktxdjzpfrvmatmif 0kid ;f 0ef;tajz&Sm&rSmayg”h
eJ@wjcm;vli,f 2 OD;udk 'Dae@ prf;acsmif;òre› ,fw&m;±H;k uae axmif'%f xdik ;f Ekid if wH iG ;f rSm jrefrma¶$@ajymif;tvkyo f rm; ode;f eJ@cs&D ydS gw,f?
pD&ifcsucf svu kd w
f ,f? ud'k +D ird ;f vif;udk Edik if aH wmfwnf+ird rf u _ kd xdcu
kd af tmif 'Duae@ Ed0k ifbmv 19 &ufae@rSm xdik ;f Ekid if H befaumuf®ra› y:u
vkyaf qmifry_ 'k rf 505(c) tygt0if yk'rf 143/ 147/ 295wd@k eJ@axmif 6 txnfcsKypf uf¶}Hk u;D wckrmS xkid ;f tvky&f iS af wGu jrefrmtvkyo f rm;awG
ESpcf cJG svu kd wf m jzpfygw,f? udók uwifta=umif;r=um;bJ tvkycf sed t f wGi;f tpnf;ta0;ac:+y;D jrefrm
prf;acsmif;u udak usmq f ef;udak wmh yk'rf 505-c/ yk'rf 147 wd@k eJ@ tvkyo f rm;ok;H q,fausmu f kd w®yifwnf;tvkyðf zwfvu kd yf gw,f? olw@kd [m
axmif 4ESpf csvdkufygw,f? udkausmfpGmaX;udkawmh prf;acsmif;òr›e,f avmavmq,faebdk@twGufawmif tcuftcJjzpfae=u&ygw,fvdk@
w&m;±H;k u 5 ESp/f ausmufww H m;òre› ,f w&m;±H;k u 6 ESpcf /JG urm&Gwf tvkyðf zwfc&H olawGuajymygw,f?
òre› ,fw&m;¶H;k u 3 ESp/f pkpak ygi;f 14 ESpcf cJG svu kd w
f mvd@k rdom;pk0ifawG vkycf +hJ y;D wJv h yk tf m;cawGtwGuf xkid ;f tvky&f iS af wGbufu xkwf
uajymygw,f? 'Dae@axmifcsc&H ol ud'k +D ird ;f vif;&J@ zcifjzpfol udak ZmfaZmf ay;r,fajymygw,f? tðzwfcHvkduf&wJhtvkyform;awGxJrSm w&m;0if
rif;udv k nf; +y;D cJw
h thJ ywfu axmif 65 ESpf csrw S cf cH &hJ ygw,f/ udak usmpf mG tvkyfvkyfudkifcGifh&olawGvnf;yg0ifayr,fh tvkyform;qkdif&mtcGifh
aX;udk axmifEpS &f n S cf svu kd w f u hJ pd eP @J ywfouf+y;D ta':jzpfol a':pkp=k unf ta&;awGuakd wmh r&bl;vd@k od&ygw,f?
udk qufo, G af r;=unfw h t hJ cg rw&m;zrf;qD; axmifcsc&H wmjzpfw,fv@kd xkdif;EkdifiHtv,fykdif; prGefpcGefc¶kdifwGif;upuf¶kHwcs›KdrSmvnf;
tckvkd ajymjyygw,f? tvkyform;av;&mausmf tvkyfðzwfcHcJh&w,fvkd@qdkygw,f? tckvkd
“rw&m;vkycf x H m;&awmh wu,fpw d rf aumif;bl;? rw&m;cHae jrefrmtvkyv f ufrahJ wGrsm;vmwJt h wGuv f nf; jrefrmEkid if wH iG ;f u rDcS o kd l
&wm? bmrSvnf; tjypf}u;D ukd vkyu f idk cf w
hJ mvnf;r[kwb f ;l ? bke;f }u;D awG rdom;pkawG&J@pm;0wfaea&;jy\emawGu ydkrdkqkd;¶Gm;vmEkdifygw,f? 'D
eJ@oGm;w,f? qGr;f uyfw,f? a&uyfw,f? tJ'grsK;d av;eJ@ukd tJvcdk sw,f tawmtwGi;f xkid ;f -jrefrme,fpyfvrf;a=umif;aygi;f pku H ae xdik ;f Ekid if w
H iG ;f
qkad wmhav? aemuf jynfoal wG 'kuaQ &mufaew,f? pm;0wfaea&;cufcJ udk tvkyv f yk u f ikd bf @kd 0ifa&mufvmaewJh jrefrmEkid if o H m;OD;a&[m rsm;jym;
pmrsufEmS 15 odk h aeqJjzpfygw,f?
Page 14 Voice of Burma 685 November 23 , 2008
 &efukef®r›u wuUpDum;rsm;rDwmwyfrS pDtef*sD"mwfaiG@&nfxkwfay;rnf
DVB / Ek0d ifbm 18 ? ? rDwmrwyf&ao;wJh wuUpt
D iSm;,mOfawGukd awmh yku d qf EH pS o f ed ;f awmif;aewJyh pHk rH sK;d }u;D ? olwefa=u;eJ@ olw@dk jyefa&mif;
rae@up+y;D pDtef*s"D mwfaiG@&nfxw k rf ay;awmhv@kd um;orm;awG tcuf wJah ps;eJ@ trsm;}u;D uGmw,f?”
awG@ae&ygw,f? rDwmwyf&ayr,fh wuUpo D rm;trsm;pku rDwmroH;k bJ c&D;onf
'ga=umifh ,mOfyikd &f iS af wGu rDwmawGukd aps;}u;D ay;+y;D 0,fwyfae eJ@aps;nd+‡ y;D awmhyJ armif;=uw,fv@kd vnf; ajymygw,f? rDwmeJ@armif;wm
&w,fv@kd &efuek òf ru › wuUpo D rm;awGu ajymygw,f? wuUpw D idk ;f rDwm [m c&D;onftwGuf tukeu f soufomayr,hf um;orm;twGuaf wmh
rwyfrae&qd+k y;D wyfcidk ;f awmh yxrykid ;f rSm trsm;pkurwyf=uawmh rwyf wGuaf jcrudu k b f ;l vd@k wuUpo D rm;u ajymygw,f?
wJu h m;udk ,mOfxed ;f &Juzrf;w,fv@kd wuUpo D rm;wOD;u ajymygw,f? “rDwmzGiahf rmif;&r,fq&dk if um;orm;awGtaeeJ@uawmh xrif;
“ukr% ` aD wGuae+y;D awmh tvk;H a&odyrf xGuw f thJ cgusawmh armf rpm;bJe@J aewJv h ql &dk ifawmh armif;Ekid rf mS ayg?h 0ifaiGrrS &Sad wmhwm? tHek m
awmfyu D ,fudk jyefzt d m;ay;w,f? zrf;ckid ;f +y;D awmh rDwmwyfcidk ;f w,f æ a=u;udk ae@wkid ;f qyf&rSm used ;f aow,f? 'Dwidk ;f armif;aewmawmif tHek m
armfawmfyu D ,fawGu em;vnfre_ @J jyefjyefvw $ w
f t
hJ cgusawmh tvk;H a& a=u;eJ@ pDtef*szD ;dk &atmif renf;&Smarmif;ae&wJt h csed rf mS rDwmeJ@ armif;&
u olw@dk xifoavmuf rxGuo f mG ;bl;? tck'&D ufyidk ;f twGi;f rSm b,fvdk r,fq&dk if ykq d ;dk oGm;+y;D aygch ifAsm?”
vkyv f u
dk v f q J adk wmh rae@u wevFmae@aemufq;Hk rDwmrwyfxm;wJu h m; rDwmpepfe@J tom;rusao;wma=umifh róuufwchJ &D;onfawG
ukd pDtef*sv D ;Hk 0xkwrf ay;bl;? pDtef*sq D idk 0f if;twGi;f ukd vk;H 0ay;r0ifb;l ? vnf;&Sw d ,fv@kd &efuek ®f rc› w H OD;u ajymygw,f?
rDwmrwyf&if um;u &yfxm;±kyH &J w dS mayg?h ” “aps;ar;+y;D awmh pD;wJ[ h myJ rsm;aewJt h cgusawmh tu,fI rD
um;ydkif&SifawGu rDwmwvkH;udk usyf 2 odef;E_ef;eJ@ ck&ufydkif; wmwyfxm;wJhum;awG awmfawmfrsm;vmr,fqkd&ifawmh b,f[mukd
wyfqifae&w,f/ tJ'rD w D m[m usyf 3 aomif;ausmyf J wefz;kd &Sw d ,fv@kd yko
d abmusw,fv@dk ajym&if tJvdk ±k;d ±k;d um;ukd '±kid Af meJ@yJ aps;ajym+y;D awmh
wuUpo D rm;u ajymygw,f? pD;&wJu h m;ukd yko d abmusr,fxifw,f?”
“w±kwf-jrefrme,fpyfrSmqkd&if tJ'DrDwmwvkH;ukd oHk;aomif; tdref ;D csi;f xkid ;f Edik if tH ygt0if zG@H òz;+y;D Ekid if aH wGrmS trsm; tm;jzifh
oH;k aomif;cGaJ vmufyJ wefa=u;&Sw d ,fv@dk ajymw,f? 'DrmS tckjyefa&mif;wm rDwmpepfudktoHk;ðyayr,fh c&D;tuGmta0;tvdkuf aps;E_ef;yHkao
u ESpo f ed ;f ? ESpo f ed ;f qkw
d mawmif rw&m; um;tkeH mukd vnfyif;n‡p+f y;D owfrw S w f phJ epfuv kd nf; toH;k ðywmawG&ydS gw,f?

rsufEmS zH;k rS vlzrf;yG}J u;D rsm; t}u;D tus,ðf yvkyI f jypf'%frsm;ukd rD;uke,
f rf;ukef csrw S f
eJ@ twGi;f a&;r–;OD;oef;!Ge@f / a&wm&Sn®f re› ,fOuUÏ/ rJqENe,fajrtrSwf 2 aeonft h wGuf vGwv f yfjcif;/ nDr#jcif;/ r#wjcif;[laom avmuygv
jynfo@l v$waf wmfu, kd pf m;vS,f OD;xGe;f atmiftygt0if tzG@J csKy0f if wcsK@d w&m;ok;H yg;uif;rJah eonfh vuf&w dS &m;pD&ifa&;pepftm; tjrefq;Hk &yfwef@
wufa&mufaqG;aEG;=uygw,f/ tpnf;ta0;rSm qk;H jzwfcsuf 8 &yf csrw S +f y;D &efESifh jyif;xefpGmtjypfay;xm;r_rsm;tm; jyefvnfpdppfokH;oyfay;&ef
r=umcifuuG,v f eG of mG ;wJh 0rf;wGi;f òre› ,fjynfo@l v$waf wmf ud, k pf m;vS,f tm%mykid t f zG@J tpnf;rsm;ukad wmif;qkad =umif; qk;H jzwfonf?
a'gufwm vSatmiftwGuf 0rf;enf;a=umif;rSwfwrf;wifyg w,f? 7 ? jynfe,fwidk ;f t&yf&yf&dS trsK;d om;'Dru dk a&pDtzG@J csKyu
f ,
dk pf m;
tpnf;ta0;qk;H jzwfcsurf sm;æ ðyjynfo@l v$waf wmfu, dk pf m;vS,rf sm;tm; pDt;D pDu ac:,l/ pkpnf;/ awG@
1 ? jrefrmEkdifiH 'Drkdua&pDajymif;vJr_ESifhywfoufI ukvor*~ qkaH y;&efawmif;qkad =umif; qk;H jzwfonf?
taxGaxGtwGi;f a&;rª;ESifh Oa&myor*~Eidk if jH cm;a&;0ef}u;D rsm;. &yfwnf 8 ? 'Dru kd a&pDtiftm;pkrsm; jyefvnfpnf;vk;H a&;ukd OD;wnfItzG@J
csuu f dk axmufcaH =umif;qk;H jzwfonf? csKyfrS xkwfy,fjcif;cHxm;&olrsm;/ ta=umif;trsKd;rsKd;a=umifh EkwfxGuf
2 ? a':atmifqef;pk=unfEiS hf Ekid if aH &;tusO;f om;rsm;tm;vk;H ukd olrsm;ukd tm%mykid t f zG@J tpnf;rsm;ESihf yl;aygi;f I oD;jcm;tzG@J tpnf;rsm;
tjrefq;Hk v$waf y;&efEiS hf t"dyg` ,jf ynf0h I tcsed u f ef@owfcsu&f adS om trsK;d xlaxmifomG ;=uolrsm;rSvI JG jyefvnfI pnf;±k;H a&;wm0efrsm;ay;tyf&ef
om;jyefvnfoifjh rwfa&; awG@qkaH qG;aEG;yGrJ sm; tjrefq;Hk ðyvkyI f Ekid if aH &; pDt;D pDuw dk udk w
f eG ;f a=umif; qk;H jzwfonf?”
jy\emrsm;ukd *k%o f u d mQ &S&d dS ajz&Si;f aqmif&u
G af y;&ef etzudk wku d w f eG ;f
awmif;qkad =umif; qk;H jzwfonf? wbufrS
3 ? ESp&f nS af xmif'%fuscaH e&mrS vGwaf jrmufvm=uaomq&m w,fajymwmeJ@ tJavmuf}u;D csw,fqadk wmh rw&m;bl;vk@d xifwmyJ?”
OD;0if;wifEiS hf OD;cifarmifaqGw@dk pDt;D pDwm0efrsm; jyefvnfxrf;aqmifae tm%mydik af wG[m pufwbFmv_y&f mS ;r_e@J ywfouf+y;D a':pkp=k unf
jcif;ukd óuqkad xmufcaH =umif; qk;H jzwfonf? wd@k rdom;pk0if 5 OD;udk zrf;qD;cJyh gw,f? orD;jzpfol roufoufatmifukd
4 ? vuf&SdpDtDpDrsm;.&yfwnfr_ukdxdckdufapjcif;r&SdbJ i,f&G,f +y;D cJw
h t
hJ ywfbJ axmif 65 ESpcf srw S cf +hJ y;D ol@&J@trsK;d om;jzpfol udck spu
f kd
oGuv f ufxufjruforl sm;ukd pDt;D pDtzG@J 0ifrsm; ok@d r[kwf pDt;D pDt&ef vif;/ udak usmpf mG aX;/ rEk;d Ek;d eJ@ a':pkp=k unf&@J tpfrjzpfol a':prf;prf;wif
tzGJ@0ifrsm;tjzpf a&S@qufwm0efay;&ef pDtD;pDukdwkdufwGef;a=umif; wdk@udkawmh tif;pdefaxmifwGif;w&m;±Hk;rSm tr_ppfaeqJjzpfygw,f?
qk;H jzwfonf? a':pkp=k unfu, kd wf ikd u
f vnf; pufwbFmv_y&f mS ;r_e@J ywfouf+y;D jynfxJ
5 ? vuf&AdS [kOd ;D pD;tzG@J 0ifrsm;tm; jyefvnftodtrSwðf y&efEiS hf a&;±H;k eJ@ atmifoajyppfa=uma&;pcef;rSm &uf20 =um zrf;qD;ppfaq;cH
vkt d yfovkd A[kOd ;D pD;tzG@J rsm;ukd wk;d cs@J zG@J pnf;ay;&ef pDt;D pDuw kd u
dk w f eG ;f cJ@&w,fv@kd vnf; a':pkp=k unfu ajymygw,f? r*Fvm'Hk opPmrÀdKiw f ikd f
a=umif; qk;H jzwfonf? ausmif;wdkufu OD;yÀdwudk +yD;cJhwJhwevFmae@u tif;pdefaxmifwGif;
6 ? jrefrmEkdifiHwGif 'Drkdua&pDa&; wufºuv_yf&Sm;olrsm;tm; w&m;±H;k uae axmif 9 ESpcf svu kd f w,fv@kd rdom;pk0ifawGu ajymygw,f?

November 23, 2008 Voice of Burma 685 Page 15

 12345678901234
12345678901234
“,k'oefESifhjrefrma¶$jynf” armifpif=u,f
12345678901234
12345678901234
12345678901234
12345678901234
(tif;0}uKd;wkud af xmifEiS ‹f atmifyifv,fvufr¶G‹H axmifw‹kd wGiaf ecJ&h ol)
(ESpfjcif;omoem'kwd,acwf)
uav;oli,faygi;f ig;q,fausmyf if wufa&mufoif=um;vsu&f adS v onf”
awmifilwHcg;aygufrS&Srf;jynfodk@ “1864 ckESpfodk@a&mufv#if rpPwmbpfZfbDonf awmifilteD;
“jrefrmEkid if . H ta&›aS jrmufEiS hf w¶kwjf ynf.taemufawmifa'o a&muf&Srf;rsm;tm; omoemðyae&mrS awmifilESifha¶$usifu&ifawmif
wGi&f adS om us,af jymvSonf&h rS ;f jynfo@kd rEœav;rSwqifh omoemðytzG@J wef;udak usmjf zwfI awmifyikd ;f &Sr;f jynfuek ;f ajrjrifo h @dk oGm;a&muf&ef tm;
toD;oD;wdk@onf xkd;azmufIoGm;a&muf&ef óu;pm;cJh=uaomfvnf; xkwfcJhavonf/ &Srf;jynfoGm;onfh xif&Sm;onfhvrf;&Sdaomfvnf; xkd
ratmifjrifc=hJ uay/ Tod@k &Spd Of tar&duefEpS jf cif;omoemðytzJ@G onf uH vrf;onf vlq;kd "g;jy&efa=umifh tEœ&m,f&. dS / vlot l a&muftayguef nf;
tm;avsmpf mG awmifirl w S qifh &Sr;f jynfo@kd oGm;a&mufEidk cf ahJ yonf/ tjzpf aomfvnf; tEœ&m,fuif;rnfv h rf;udak ¶G;&./ Tod@k jzifh rpPwmbpfZb f D
tysurf mS atmufygtwkid ;f jzpfonf” ESit hf zG@J onf vlq;dk "g;jy&efuif;aomfvnf; awmawmifEiS v hf #Kad jrmif=urf;
“&Srf;vlrsKd;waomif; (10˜000) ausmfwkd@onf apmfbGm;.tkyf aomvrf;rSomG ;av&m &Sr;f jynfawmifyikd ;f tv,fo@kd ra&mufaomfvnf;
csKyfr_atmufwGifraevdkojzifh &Srf;awmifwef;rsm;udkausmfjzwfI u&if ‘rk;d +A’J e,fxaJ &mufomG ;avonf”
awmifwef;ay:rSwqifh awmifiel ,ftwGi;f ok@d qif;vmonf/ ‚wd@k onf “rdk;+AJe,fwGif u&ifvlrsKd;tpk0if ‘uJ'dk’ u&ifrsm;ae=uonf/
+Aw
d o d #yidk yf cJ ;l e,ftwGi;f aexdik cf iG ahf wmif;qdv k mojzifh yJc;l e,fwidk ;f rif; bpfZb f ED iS t
hf zG@J onf uJ'u kd &if¶mG rsm;od@k a&muf&o dS mG ;&m olw@kd u om
}u;D jzpfol rpPwm ‘z,f,m’ onf tqkyd g&rS ;f rsm;tm; awmifiEl iS hf 7 rkid f oemðytzJ@G ukód uqd=k uonf/ awmifiEl iS rhf ;kd +Ao J nf rdik &f pS q f ,f (80) a0;
tuGmY ae&mcsxm;ay;&.” uGmonf/ aemufyidk ;f wGif ,if;rdik &f pS q f ,fawmifwef;wav#mufwiG f bpfZf
“&Srf;vlrsKd;rsm;tm; yxrqkH;omoemðyolrSm rpPwm ‘rkd;Zuf bD. ESpfjcif;c&pf,mefpcef;axmufrsm;jzpfvmavonf/ bpfZfbDonf
tdycf s-f bpfZb f ’D ZeD;armifEyHS ifjzpfonf/ bpfZb f o D nf 1853 ckEpS rf S 1856 awmifipl cef;wGif &Sr;f vlrsK;d rsm;omoemðya&;twGuf 6 ESpw f m0ef,cl hJ
ckESpfxd armfv®rif&Sdjrefrmtoif;awmfESifh rGeftoif;awmfudkwm0ef,lcJh onf/ ,if;umvrsm;twGi;f 6 ykH 1 yko H nf awmawmifrsm;twGi;f vSnhf
oljzpfonf/ 1860 ckESpfodk@a&mufv#if ‚onf &Srf;vlrsKd;rsm;tm;om vnfum awmifiEl iS rhf ;kd +Au J kd acguw f @Hk jyefcahJ vonf”
oemðy&ef wm0efay;tyfjcif;cH&onf” “awmifio l moempcef;wGif bpfZb f D 6 ESpw f m0efxrf;aqmifchJ
“awmifilteD; 7 rdkifodk@a&mufvmaom&Srf;vlrsKd;rsm;onf &Srf; onfteuf wcgw&HwGif pdwfoGm;wdkif;ukd,frygjzpfcJh&onfrSm aiGa&;
pum;tjyif jrefrmpum;ukyd gwwfu|r;f =uonf/ &Sr;f vlrsK;d rsm;omoem a=u;a&;udpyP ifjzpfonf/ Tod@k jzifh 1864 ckEpS o f @kd a&mufaomtcg toif;
ðya&;wm0efcjH zpfaom bpfZb f o D nf r=umrD&rS ;f pum;ukyd gwwfu|r;f vm awmfwckrS toif;awmf 3 ckjzpfvmonfhtjyif toif;0ifaygif; 96
&m w&m;a[m&mY jrefrmwvSnhf &Sr;f wvSnhf a[majymwwfavonf/ a,mufxw d ;dk wufvmavonf”
,if;od@k awmifit l eD;a&muf&v dS maom&Sr;f ta&twGuo f nf &Sr;f jynf&dS “awmifile,fwGif bpfZfbDomoemðy&mwGif aemufqkH;awG@&
&Srf;vlrsKd;ta&twGufESifhE_dif;pm=unfhaomf rajymyavmufaomta& aomtcuftcJjy\emrSm bmompum;jy\emyifjzpf./ jrefrmpmay
twGuo f mjzpfonf/ od@k jzpfI bpfZb f o D nf &Sr;f vlrsK;d rsm;trsm;pkaexkid f ESiphf um;udk wEkid if v H ;Hk ok;H pGaJ eaomfvnf; xdak 'o&Sv d rl sK;d EG,pf k 24 pkw@kd
&m &Sr;f jynfo@dk oGm;a&mufa&;enf;vrf;udo k m }uq H vsu&f adS vonf” onf rdrw d @kd .bmomcGpJ um;uko d m ok;H pGaJ e=u./ ,if;wd@k twGuv f tdk yf
“awmifilteD; &Srf;omoemðya&;vkyfief;onf wpwpjzifhwkd; aompmayudw k xD iG If orRmusr;f pmbmomjyefay;a&;onfvnf; b,f
wufvm&m 1862 ckEpS o f @kd a&mufv#if awmifial ps;teD;Y yxrqk;H ‘&Sr;f aomtcgwGifrSqkH;Ekdifrnfr[kwfay/ trSefrSm bmompmaywckwnf;
ESpjf cif;c&pf,mefb&k m;ausmif;’ udzk iG v hf pS Ef idk cf o hJ nf/ yxrqk;H &Sr;f toif; tay:wGif ,if;tkypf u k v JG rl sK;d rsm;awG@qkEH ikd af &;onf rsm;pGmyifta&;}u;D
awmf.acgif;aqmifrSm ‘armifatmifjrwf’ jzpfonf/ olonf wcsdefu vS./ &Sr;f vlrsK;d rsm;twGuu f m; &Sr;f jynfe,fwiG f tajympum;tjyif a&;
&Sr;f apmfbmG ;om;wOD;jzpf+y;D 1862 ckEpS f pufwifbmvwGif ESpjf cif;r*Fvm om;&ef pmayw&yf&+dS y;D jzpfavonf/ od@k jzpfI bpfZb f oD nf ol.awmif
cH,o l nf/ aemufav;vcef@=umjyefaomtcg &Sr;f trsK;d orD;ESpOf ;D wd@k onf ile,fomoemðytawG@tñut H & jzpfEidk o f nfrsm;udk jrefrmpmay/ jrefrm
ESpjf cif;r*FvmcH,jl yefonf/ 1863 ckEpS f ESpu f ek yf idk ;f wGif awmifiel ,f &Sr;f - pum;jzifah qmif¶u G cf ohJ nf/ t"duvdt k yfaeonfrmS jrefrmvlrsK;d awGqD
jrefrmtoif;awmfwiG f toif;0ifaygi;f 41 OD;&Sv d monf” jrefrmq&moGm;/ &Sr;f vlrsK;d awGxH &Sr;f q&moGm;/ u&ifvrl sK;d awGxH u&if
“,if;ESpw f iG f bpfZb f ZD eD;armifEt SH wGuf tvkyt f rsm;qk;H yifjzpf q&moGm;ygv#if uJjG ym;jcm;em;aombmomtkypf rk sm;twGi;f Y omoem
onf/ bpfZb f oD nf tem*wfumvoif;tkyq f &mESihf ausmif;q&m&&Sd ðyvkyif ef;onf tcuftcJ&EdS idk af wmhrnfr[kwaf y”
a&;twGuf yxrqk;H t}urd f ausmif;om;q,fa,mufwufa&mufonfh “Tod@k jzifyh if 1864 ckEpS w f iG f bpfZb f oD nf awmifiel ,f&dS ol.
usr;f pmoifausmif;wckuzkd iG v hf pS af y;./ wcsed w f nf;wGif toif;awmfvyk f omoemðyoifwef;rsm;twGif;Y &Srf;q&m 6 OD;/ jrefrmq&m 6 OD;ESifh
ief;/ "rRpmapmifav;wG/J &Sr;f bmomjyefqo kd nfv h yk if ef;ESihf &Sr;f a0g[m&/ awmifwef;aeu&iftyk pf ck rGJ sm;rS q&m 14 OD;wk@d udk vlrsK;d tvku d u f , dk f
&Srf;pmvkH;aygif;pmtkyfa&;om;ðypkonfhvkyfief;wdk@udk vkyf&avonf/ pm;ðyonfh "rRq&mESihf ausmif;q&mrsm;tjzpf arG;xkwaf y;Ekid cf . hJ ”
rpPwmbpfZb f eD nf;wl rpPub f pfZb f oD nfvnf; ol.ausmif;vkyif ef;jzifh
wm0efrsm;jym;vsuf&Sd./ olr.uav;oli,fausmif;wGif wpwpjzifh (qufvufazmfjyygrnf)
Page 16 Voice of Burma 685 November 23 , 2008
 armifynk rS aerif;rS
&J@orD; ‘um¶kv d if;uae'D’ udk ukvor*~&@J oHtrwftjzpfjzifv h nf; aumif;/ jynfwiG ;f tiftm;pkawGuvnf; jynfolawG=um;rSm “trsKd;om;a&;”
uG,v f eG o f al &mbwfuae'D&@J om;jzpfol ‘a&mbwfuae'D (*sL eD,m)’ vuQ%mtjzpfjrifatmif rv_@H aqmf Ekid cf yhJ gb;l ? rawG@qkcH siw f ehJ tzudb k J
c¶kdifa&›SaecsKyfudk obm00ef;usifapmifha&Smufa&;tzGJ@acgif;aqmif wwG i f w G i f “awG @ qk H a qG ; aEG ; a&;” vd k @ csnf ;
tjzpfvnf;aumif; toD;oD;urf;vSr;f xm;wJt h jyif tdbk m;rm;u rdred @J r=umceajymaeoHawGb=J um;&ygw,f? wu,ftm;ay;r_vt kd yfwhJ jynfou l kd
,SO®f yifcw hJ hJ orwuawmfe@J qDew d w
f m ‘[Dvm&Duvifwef’ udyk g vuf em;vnfatmif/ v_y&f mS ;atmif/ Ek;d =um;atmif enf;vrf;awG &SmazGwm/
cHr,fq&dk ifaygu h ,G /f use;f rma&;Xme0ef}u;D tjzpfygurf;vSr;f xm;ygw,f” jynfoal wGvy_ &f mS ;&r,feh nf;vrf;awGay;wm/ wu,f&iS ;f &Si;f vif;vif;
‘EU rSm/ uifnmrSm/ ¶k&mS ;rSmeJ@ *syeftygt0ifrmS vlawGu tdk jynf o l o d o if h w muk d (jynf y a&'D , d k a wG u wqif h j zpf a p) av;
bm;rm;orwjzpfvmwmudók uqd&k if;eJ@ jzpfcsiw f mawGawmif;qdw k m vnf; av;eufeufo&d edS m;vnfatmifwifjywmrsK;d awG tm;enf;cJyh gw,f? e*kd urS
trsm;tjym;ygyv J m;q&m&,f’ qENjywmuvJGvdk@ bmvkyf&r,frSef;rod/ bmvkyfay;&r,frSef;rod/
“at;av/ tkb d m;rm;[mvnf; ‘apwvk;H ydik &f iS ’f qd&k ifawmh jzpf tiftm;jzpfatmif b,fta=umif;t&meJ@pkpnf;&r,freS ;f rodw/hJ pm;0wf
Ekid w
f maygah rmifcspzf ;l &,f/ tpPa&;eJ@ygvufpwkid ;f awG&@J ESpEf idk if jH y\em/ aea&;up tcufrsK;d pkñH u/H A[kow k eJ@tawG@tñueH nf;yg;vd@k vljzpfusK;d
tD&wfppfyu JG t kd qk;H owf+y;D tmz*efjy\emawmh {+yv D (NATO) tpnf; ¶_H;ae&wJhjynfolawG=um;rSm wjznf;jznf;uif;uGm+yD; e,fpyfawGyJoGm;/
ta0;rSmqkH;jzwfEkdif&ef/ ¶k&Sm;orwajymwJh ol@&J@a&›Swef;jzpfwJh ykdvefeJ@ 'kuo Q nfvyk pf m;&r,feh nf;eJ@ 'kuaQ wG@olawGawG@ (vlvnfawGuawmh
csurf mS 'k;H ysaH wGcsrxm;&ef/ +y;D awmh yifv,fauG@udp/P tD&efe@J ajrmufukd 'kuo Q nfa,mifaqmif+y;D okconfvyk pf m;wmaygah v) wcsK› u d awmh et
&D;,m;tEkjrLAk;H udp/P w¶kwef @J ygupPwefw@kd eJ@ a&&Snaf qG;aEG;&rJu h pd aP wG” zjzm;a,mif;wJah emuf "g;jyppfAv dk v f yk o
f vl yk /f vl&rf;um;ppfom;/ ykvyd /f
‘’[kwu f yhJ gq&m/ jrefrmudpaP &m rygb;l vm;q&m&,f’ vkx H ed ;f / }uz›H w G /f pGr;f tm;&Siaf wGjzpfojl zpfe@J / ckqkd t&H&w J yfz@GJ qdw k mygw;dk
“armifcspzf ;l ar;rSajym&&ifawmhu, G /f i,fi,f¶, G ¶f ,
G ef @J tar awmhr,fqw kd 'hJ %fawGukd “rkq;kd rvkjd zpfaewJAh rmjynf” a&a&vnfvnf
&dueforwjzpfvmwJh tdb k m;rm;udk a*smcsbf &k v
fS ufxufutqifrajy cHpm;ae&wJu h ed ;f qdu k af ew,f?
wmawGreS o f r# ajym=uqk=d u&ifawmh/ tDwvDorwudk owif;pmawG 'Dvb dk J e,fpyfawGuvnf; “trsK;d om;a&;” udrk azmfaqmifEidk /f
ua&;ovdk ‘tDwmvsaH wG[m od&if+ird rf ae=ubJ &,fvnf;&,fwwf w,f/ a0;uGmwJw h idk ;f wyg;awGrmS awmh ajymrqk;H aygiaf cwfuakd &mufae+y?D ESpf
ikv
d nf;idw k wfw,f’ vd@k ajym&rvkjd zpfaeygawmhw,fu, G ”f aygi;f rsm;pGmtwGi;f rSmvnf; a,mifaya,mifay aemufuvdu k af e&ovdk
vd/k ajc&meif;ae&ovdv k ekd @J “Ekid if aH &;” udOk ;D aqmifae=uwJt h iftm;pkawG/
vGiaf tmifp;kd rS ckawmh awmfveS af &;vkypf m;=uwJah cwfqaD &mufvm+yaD yg?h 'Davmuf jynf
onfr[kwb f J rdom;pk/ aqGrsK;d / vlrsK;d ESihf aexdik &f mywf0ef;usi/f a'o/ wGif;upGef@pm;olawG }uD;pGmaom'kuQawGawG@aevnf;/ olwkd@uawmh
Ekid if w
H @kd wGiv f nf; &Sad ewwfonf? “ae+r”J qdo k vk/d a,mifae=uxk;H pHtwkid ;f bJvyk af e=u&ifawmh wkid ;f jynf
vlEiS yhf wfoufv#if rw&m;tkycf sKyw f wfaomEkid if aH &;pepfatmuf u ydyk &kd ifav;p&mawGe@J ñu=H u&ygO;D r,f?
wGif jynfow l @kd onf qif;&Jerd u hf saomb0rsm;Y epfreG ;f ae&jcif;/ xdcu kd f 'gayrJh wckawmh ArmvlrsK;d awG oifcef;pmtjzpf tusK;d tjrwf
emusipf mG a0'emcHpm;ae&jcif;/ ar#mv f ifch surf sm;qk;H aejcif;/ vljzpf¶;H_ ae tawG@tñuaH wG&cJ=h uygw,f? tJ'guawmh vlreS /f ae&mrSe/f vlawmf/ vl
jcif;rsm;udk wdwu d susqv kd okd nf? aumif;awGa¶G;Ekid =f uygr/S todtrSwðf ywwf=urSqw dk m odvm=u+yx D if
Ekid if t
H wkid ;f twmjzifh epfemqk;H ¶_;H jcif;rsm;vnf;&So d nf? xdEk idk if o H nf ygw,f? qdik ;f bkw}f u;D awGwyf+y;D wcsed w f ek ;f u xifwvk;H &Scd o hJ al wG r&Sd
qif;&J'u k /Q a&m*gEiS u hf yfab; ponfw@kd wGif epfreG ;f ae&jcif;/ Ekid if w H um wmawGvnf; odvm=u+y?D wcsK› ad cgi;f aqmif+y;D aemufvu dk af wGukd vrf;
tv,f tzufrwef qufqcH &H ojzifh txdem&jcif;/ wk;d wufaumif;rGef vJGatmifvkyfovdkjzpfaewmudkvnf; wm0ef&Sdwm odvm=u+yD? 'gayrJh
atmifvyk Ef idk rf nfah r#mv f ifch suw f @kd qk;H yg;jcif;ESihf xdt
k cGit
hf a&;rsm;qk;H ¶_;H aemufvu dk u f vnf; aemufvu dk yf o D pGmeJ@ wm0efoo d al wGuakd ¶G;wwfb@kd
aejcif;wk@d jzpfonf? wm0ef&w dS ,fqw kd mvnf;odb@dk “'Dru kd a&pD&apcsiw f ”hJ wkid ;f jynftwGuf
epfemqk;H ¶_;H jcif;rsm; rvdt k yfbrJ jzpfap&atmif Ekid if u H ckd spjf rwfE;dk ta&;}u;D a=umif; “trsK;d om;a&;” taeeJ@ E_;d aqmftyfygw,f?
olrsm;/ u,fwifEikd pf rG ;f &So d rl sm;u tav;teufxm;&efvt kd yfonf?
rw&m;onfh w&m;a&;pepfrsKd; '%ftpm; tr_tm;vk;H rSjypf'%frsm;tm;vk;H udpk u k m waygi;f wpnf;wnf;
tcs›Kdaomw&m;pD&ifa&;pepfrsm;wGif t,lcH0ifjcif;udk cGifhrðyEkdif uscaH ponf?
bJ&adS eonf? Ttcsurf mS tm%m&Siq f efveG ;f aomudpjP zpfonf? vlom; tmrcHay;avmufonft h r_jzpfapumrl tmrcHr&/ tcsK› t d r_rsm;
csi;f pmemaxmufxm;r_uif;rJah omvky&f yfvnf;jzpfonf? “t,lcH 0ifyikd f Y pGypf cJG &H olonf a&›aS eiSg;cGirhf &/ tpd;k &a&›aS eyifvu dk cf iG rhf &? tcsK› td r_rsm;
cGifhr&Sd” [k rnfodk@yifta=umif;jycsufay;ay; ,if;onf vl@avmu Y touf 18 ESpaf tmuf t¶G,rf a&mufao;onfu h av;rsm;tm; jypf
todik ;f t0kid ;f wGif cdik v
f aHk omtaxmuftxm;r[kw?f vl@avmuaumif; r_qikd &f mck¶H ;Hk wifI ppfaq;pD&ifonf? tcsK› t d r_rsm;udk trsm;jynfow l @kd .
usK;d udk rjzpfapaomudpo P mjzpfonf? a&›aS rSmufwiG rf ppfaq;bJ wHcg;ydwpf &D ifcsucf sonf? tcsK› t d r_rsm;wGif pGyf
Oyrm ppftkyfcsKyfa&;Oya'jzifh tkyfcsKyfaeaomumvwGif tcs›Kd pGcJ &H ol.rsuu f ,
G Yf pD&ifcsucf sjcif;rsK;d yif&odS nf?
Ekid if rH sm;Y txl;w&m;¶k;H jzifph pfaq;um pD&ifcsucf srw S of nf? t,lc0H if rSwcf suf ? ? t=urf;tm;jzifo h m a&;om;azmfjyjcif;jzpfonf?
cGiyhf ifray;bJ wqufwnf; jypf'%fuscaH ponf? wzef tr_ ok;H av; w&m;a&;pepf/ w&m;Oya'pkd;rkd;r_ta=umif;rsm;udk pmzwfolwdk@ quf
ig;r_twGuf jypf'%fcsrw S &f mY trsm;qk;H usc&H rnfh tr_wckwnf;.jypf vufavhvmtm;xkw&f ef t}uaH y;tyfygonf?

November 23, 2008 Voice of Burma 685 Page 17

 urBmhpD;yGm;a&;uyfa=umifh tm&S &Sd jrefrmtvkyform;rsm; tcufawG@
DVB / Ek0d ifbm 19 ? ? tar&duefEdkifiH&J‹txifu& pD;yGm;a&;b%f befaumufòrt › eD;em;rSm&Sw d hJ txnfcsKypf uf&w kH ckrmS vnf; tvkyo f rm;
}u;D awG aiGa=u;tusyt f wnf; qdu k u f yfw*hJ ,uf[m xkid ;f / rav;&Sm;eJ‹ 30 avmuf ck&ufyikd ;f twGi;f rSm tvkyðf zwfcw H ,fv‹kd tvkyo f rm;awGt
puFmylEikd if pH wJh edik if aH wGuykd g ¶du k cf wfvm+y;D tJ'ED ikd if aH wGrmS tvkyv f yk uf ikd f wGuf vlra_ &;ulnaD y;aewJh OD;ausmaf omif;u ajymygw,f? xkid ;f Edik if rH mS vdk
ae=uwJh jrefrmtvkyo f rm;awG vpmavsmch &H / tvkyu f ðzwfc&H wmawG yJ pifumylEikd if rH mS &Sw
d hJ uGejf yLwmukr%
` aD wG puf±t kH vky±f akH wGrmS vnf; jref
ñuHae&a=umif; tvkyform;ta&;aqmif&GufaeolawGeJ‹ tvkyform; rmtvkyo f rm;awG ode;f eJ‹cs+D y;D tvkyv f yk u f ikd af e=uwmyg?
awGu ajymygw,f? pifumylu ukr% ` D 0efxrf;wOD;ajymjywmuawmh olw‹kd ukr% ` D
xdik ;f Edik if [
H m jrefrmtvkyo f rm; oef;eJ‹csD tvkyv f yk u f ikd af e=uwJh rSm tvkyx f w k w f mawGr&Sad o;ayr,fh tcsed yf akd wmh rqif;&awmhb;l vd‹k
Edik if jH zpf+y;D jrefrmtvkyo f rm;awG[m pdu k yf sK;d a&;vkyif ef;/ aqmufvyk af &; ajymygw,f? xd‹k twl rav;&Sm;Edik if rH mS olaX;u vpmray;Edik w f t
hJ wGuf
vkyif ef;eJ‹ tjcm;puf±t kH vky±f v
kH yk if ef;awGrmS 0ifa&mufvyk u f ikd af e=uyg vpmr&wJt h ajctaeeJ‹&ifqikd af e&wJh ta=umif;udv k nf; rav;&Sm;Edik if H
w,f? xdik ;f Ekid if rH mS &Sw d hJ t"du b,fvyk if ef;awGrmS tvkyo f rm;awG yd+k y;D a&muf jrefrmtvkyo f rm;awG&‹J ajymjycsut f od&ygw,f? 'Dvkd urBmph ;D yGm;
tvkyx f wk cf &H ovJqw kd mudk xdik ;f Edik if aH wmifyidk ;f rSm tajcpdu k +f y;D tvkyf a&;*,uf¶dkufcwfr_udk oufqdkif&mEdkifiHawGu tjrefajz&Sif;Edkifrvm;
orm;ta&;aqmif&u G af ewJh tajccHvx l k vl‹tcGit hf a&;ynmay;Xmeu 'grSr[kwf a&&SnfrSm tvkyform;awGydk+yD; tvkyfðzwfcH&wmawG&Sdvm
'g±u kd w f m OD;xl;cspu f tckv&kd iS ;f jyygw,f? rvm;qdw k mawmh apmif=h unf=h u&rSmjzpfa=umif;yg?
“tckavmavmq,f tvkyt f ukid af wGtaeeJ@uawmh tvkyðf zwf
wm tenf;eJ@trsm;awmh awG@&w,f? [kw d ,fe@J c&D;oGmvma&;vkyif ef; awmifolawGudk tDvufxa&mepf yk'frajymif;
awGaygah emf? t"duuawmh wcsK@d Ekid if jH cm;om;awGudk ar#mv f if+h y;D zGix hf m;
wJah [mfw,fawGayg?h tck Ekid if jH cm;om;awG enf;enf;ta&muftayguf
DVB / Ek0d ifbm 19 ? ? v,fajrawG todr;f cHxm;&wJu
h pd eP @J ywfouf
+yD; &efukef ILO ±k;H udk wkid =f um;cJv h @kd xde;f odr;f cH&wJh rauG;wdik ;f ewfarmuf
enf;awmh Armtvkyo f rm;awGtaeeJ@ tvkyt f ukid &f mS ;yg;vmvk@d tvkyf
òru › awmifol 3 OD;eJ@ atmifvòH ru › udak ZmfaX;wd@k udk tDvufxa&mepf
xkwfcH&wmrsKd;awG&Sdw,f? aemufwcku 'Dyef;&HqkdufawGrSmvnf; t
tufOya'eJ@ rae@u yk'rf ajymif;+y;D &rmef 2 ywfxyf,v l u
kd f ygw,f?
aqmuftOD;awG wk;d vk;d wef;vef;jzpf+y;D awmh tvkyaf wG ðzwfc&H wmwk@d
atmifv®H ru › udak ZmfaX;eJ@ ewfarmuf®ru › OD;vSp;kd / OD;pdepf wif;eJ@
bmwk@d &Sw d ,f”?
OD;aevif;wd@k udk t&ifu yk'rf 31 u/ 51 u pwJyh 'k rf 2 cke@J w&m;pGq J kd
urBmhpD;yGm;a&;uyfqdkufaecsdefrSm &mbmaps;E_ef; xuf0ufeD;yg;
xm;wmyg? 'gayr,fh rae@u ¶k;H csed rf mS awm@ tDvufxa&mepf tufOya'
usqif;oGm;wJt h wGuf vnf; xdik ;f Edik if aH wmifyikd ;f u &mbmjcv H yk o f m;awG
yk'rf eJ@ajymif;+y;D &rmef 2 ywf xyf,v l u kd w f ,fv@kd ewfarmuf®rc› H awmif
tvkyx f wk cf aH e&w,fv‹kd OD;xl;cspu f qufvufajymygw,f? xkid ;f Ekid if H
olwOD;u ckvkd ajymjyygw,f?
“yxr tpGcJ &H wmu Ekid if aH wmfv#K0d u S cf suaf zmfxw k rf q_ +kd y;D awmh
t&H&JwyfzGJ@0ifawG E_wfxGuf yifrppfvufeuf ypPn;f xde;f odr;f a&;wyfu Akv
vkv d yk +f y;D awmh ol@ppfwyfxrJ mS taqmuftOD;awGudk ol@[mol rSww
d }f u;d òz;a0vif;uae w&m;
f rf;
DVB / Ek0d ifbm 19 ? ? &efuek w
f idk ;f oHvsiòf rr› mS t&H&w
J yfz@JG 0ifwOD;udk wif"mwfyaHk wG ±ku d +f y;D awmh tr_qifw,faygAh sm? ewfarmuf&pJ cef;eJ@ayg?h
rouFmr_e@J &Jpcef;u ±du k Ef uS pf pfaq;cJw h t hJ wGuf rauseyfrj_ zpfymG ;+y;D aemufw&m;±k;H ayg?h vkyw f t hJ cgusawmh usaemfw@dk ukd &rmefawGay;+y;D awm
t&H&w J yfz@JG 0ifwcsKd @ E_wxf u G cf =hJ uygw,f? vmwm 18 &ufae@rSm jyefcsed ;f vku d w f thJ cgusawmh tck AG'D , D dk tufOya'
oHvsiòf r@òrr› awmif&yfuu G rf mS aewJh udo k ef;cdik af c: udak ygi'f g}u;D udk vkad c:wmayg?h yk'rf 33-c tJ'ge@J jyef+y;D awmh &ref,w l ,fAsm? awmifol
14 &ufae@ nu e,f&pJ cef;uae vma&mufzrf;qD;oGm;cJw h myg/ rouFm v,form;awGudk qufvuf+y;D awmh ILO ukrd wkid &f aJ tmif a&&Sncf sKyf
r_e@J ol@udk tJ'aD e@nu ±du k Ef u S pf pfaq;cJw h t hJ wGuf uset f &H&w
J yfz@JG 0if xm;vk@d &atmif vkyw f o J abmaygh ”?
awGu rausreyfjzpf+y;D E_wx f u G =f uwmvd@k òrc› w H OD;u ajymjyygw,f? ewfarmufòre› ,ftwGi;f u rsu&f u J ef/ ausmif;&Gmav;/ &Gmopf pwJh
“ol‹ukd wnvk;H tuscô |w+f y;D awmh ±ku d +f y;D awmh ppfwmayg?h wn aus;&GmawGu ajr{u ig;axmifausmu f pkd pfwyfuodr;f ,l+y;D aiGawmif;
vk;H ESyd pf uf n‡O;f yrf;+y;D ppfw,f? reufr;dk vif;wJt h cgusawmh ol@rdom;pku cHcw hJ myg? 'gukd rauseyfwt hJ wGuf awmifol 50 ausmu f ILO udk wdik =f um;
vku d +f y;D awmhac:wJt h cgusawmh jyefvw G af y;w,f? olu t&Hr;D owfwyfz@JG cJw
h myg? 'Dwikd =f um;r_e@J ywfouf+y;D OD;vSp;kd tygt0if awmifol 3 OD;udk
0ifvnf;jzpfw,f? t&H&w J yfz@JG 0ifvnf;jzpfw,f? tJah wmhou l tckvq dk uf +y;D cJw h vhJ atmufwb kd mv20 &ufae@u zrf;qD;cJyh gw,f? useaf wmifol
+y;D ESyd pf ufwt hJ wGuaf =umifh t&Hr;D owfwyfz@JG 0ife@J t&H&w J yfz@JG 0ifuae 2 OD;uawmh xGuaf jy;wdraf &Smifae&ygw,f? v,fajrawG todr;f cHxm;&
E_wx f u G w f ,f”? wJu h pd eP @J ywfouf+y;D ILO udw k ikd =f um;zd@k tulnaD y;cJw h hJ atmifvòH ru ›
tvm;wl twlae&yfuu G of l &yfuu G o f m;awGuvnf; 'Dupd u P rkd udak ZmfaX;udak wmh +y;D cJw h v hJ 29 &ufae@u zrf;qD;cJw h myg?
auseyfv@kd txufukd wdik w f ef;zd@k ajym=uayr,fh &,uOuUXOD;aX;atmifu olw@kd 4 OD;udk avmavmq,f ewfarmuf &Jpcef;rSm csKyaf ESmifxm;
wkid v f nf;tvum;yJv@kd jyefvnfajymqdck w hJ t hJ a=umif; tJ'òD rc› u H bJ quf ygw,f? 'Drw&m;r_awGukd txuftm%mydik af wGtaeeJ@ rsuu f , G rf ðy
ajymygw,f? 'Dvkd rw&m;zrf;qD; ±du k Ef u S pf pfaq;r_e@J ywfoufv@kd oufqikd f oifb h J e,fuq kd if;+y;D pkpH rf;ppfaq;ay;zd@k tygt0if ILO t&m&Sad wGtaeeJ@
&m oefvsiòf re› ,f &Jpcef;udk qufo, G af r;jref;&mrSmawmh wpHw k &majz vJ 'Dupd u P kd qufo, G af r;jref;+y;D n‡Ed id_ ;f aqmif&u G af y;apcsiw f ,fv@kd vnf;
=um;jcif;r&Syd gb;l ? ewfarmufòrc› aH wmifow l csK@d u qEN&adS ew,fv‹kd od&ygw,f?
Page 18 Voice of Burma 685 November 23 , 2008
 1234567890
1234567890
1234567890
wdkif;jynfta&; trsKd;om;a&; aerif;
1234567890
1234567890
Armjynfta&;udpPtwGuf t"duajz&Sif;&rSmu tm%m¶l; vl awmif;Ekdifr,fhtaetxm;awmh &Sdygao;w,f? 'gayrJh rpPwmruUdef;
rqefwphJ epf}u;D yaysmufa&;twGuf jynfow l idk ;f u 0kid ;f 0ef;vkyaf qmifa&; avmuf tm;xm;p&m&Syd grvm;vk@d awmh awG;p&m&Syd gw,f? ta=umif;u
jzpfygw,f? 'Dae&mrSm jynfoltm;vkH;u0kdif;0ef;óu;pm;Ekdif=ubdk@twGuf awmh 'korwavmif;jzpfvmwJh *sK;d bku d 'f if[m etzudk tar&duefu
jynfoal wGu &Si;f &Si;f vif;vif;em;vnfxm;bd@k ta&;}u;D ygw,f? 'gayrJh pD;yGg;a&;ydwfqkd@a&;rSm OD;aqmiftm;ay;cJhayr,fh rpPwmruUdef;uawmh
jynfoal wG=um;rSm em;rvnfcsipf &maumif;wmawGu rsm;pGmjzpfcyhJ g w,f? ArmudprP sK;d eJ@tvm;wlr,fh urBmt h a&;awGjzpfvm&if ajz&Si;f ay;Ekid rf ,fh
'DvdkbJ rsm;pGmvnf;=um;cJh&yg+yD? 'D=um;xJ tm%m¶l;awG&J@vSnfh urBm'h rD u kd a&pDEidk if rH sm; !Ge@f aygi;f tzG@J zG@J Edik b f @kd vdt k yfw,fqw kd mtxd
jzm;csuaf emufrmS vnf; em;a,mifc=hJ uwJo h al wGvnf; ESpaf ygi;f 20 twGi;f tem*wftwGuyf g tjrifus,u f s,ef @J ,k=H unfvufcx H m;oljzpfv@dk ygb?J
rSm rsm;pGm&SdoGm;cJhygw,f? 'ga=umifh jynfoltm;vkH;u nDnDnmnmeJ@ bmjzpfv@dk vJqadk wmh Armhta&;u tar&duef&@J ydwq f @kd ta&;,l¶eHk @J r+y;D bJ
0kdif;0ef;wGef;Ekdif=ua&;rSm tawG;tjriftoD;oD;a=umifh tcuftcJawG&Sd tjcm;xda&mufwJhzdtm;ay;r_awG/ ta&;,lr_awG vdktyfvkd@ygbJ? 'D
vmygw,f? aemuf+y;D tm;vk;H wGe;f &if a¶G@Ekid yf gw,fqakd yr,fh pGe@f pm;wGe;f umvrSmbJ r=umrDtm%mvJa$ y;&awmhr,fh orwbk&u fS Armhta&;
wJo h al wGay:vmwmeJ@ &uf&ufpufpufowfjzwfEydS pf ufzrf;qD;wJeh nf;eJ@ wm0ef,v l yk af qmifb@kd tar&duefu, kd pf m;vS,t f jzpf rpPwm*&if;udck ef@
rw&m;&,lxm;wJt h m%mudk umuG,x f m;ygw,f? tJ'v D ukd muG,x f m; tyfb@kd tqdðk ycsuw f ifjycJw h mudak wmh aus;Zl;wif&ygw,f? }u;D rm;wJh
vd@k &atmif cdik ;f vd@k &r,fo h al wGuvnf; &Sad eygw,f? tJ'aD wmh tJ't D cdik ;f aiGa=u;tcuftcJawGñuHae&wJhtcsdef/ aemuforwOD;pm;ay;ajz&Sif;&
cH&wJholawGup “wdkif;jynfta&;” (trsKd;om;a&;) qdkwmudk &Sif;&Sif; r,ft h ajctaeawGjzpfaecsed rf mS Armudpu P vdk nf; tar&dueftaeeJ@ rarh
vif;vif;em;vnfbkd@vdkovdk tm%m¶l;awGudk0kdif;0ef;wGef;Edkifrnfhenf; ravsmt h ultnDay;Ekid af tmife@J aemuftpd;k &taeeJ@ ArmudprP mS aemuf
vrf;aumif;awG vkt d yfaeygw,f? wm0ef,cl aGJ 0vkyw f wfb@kd / b,ftcsed f qkwrf oGm;Ekid af tmifcsnaf ESmifay;cJw h o hJ auFwtjzpf rSw, f El idk v f @dk bJjzpf
rSm vkt d yfvmwmeJ@ b,fvrkd sK;d awGuykd gvyk af qmifwwfb@kd enf;vrf;awG ygw,f?
vnf; vdyk gw,f? 'grv S nf; 8 av;vk;H rSmvkd tcGit hf a&;&ygvsuef @J vuf 'DumvawGrmS bJ ArmjynfwiG ;f utjzpftysuaf wG[m &ifeifph &m
vGwcf &hJ wmrsK;d rjzpfatmif pOf;pm;óu;pm;&ygvrd rhf ,f? aumif;atmif=um;&wmawGvnf; tm;vk;H todygb?J etz[m &ufpuf
jynfyEkdifiHawGu wu,fxda&mufwJhtultnDawG&a&; vkyf ,kwrf mr_awGukd urf;ukeaf tmifqufvufvyk af ewmygb?J txl;ojzifh
aqmifwo hJ al wGuvnf; [efjyr[kwb f J wu,fxad &mufwehJ nf;vrf; awGe@J tm%m¶l;acgi;f aqmifawGjzpfwhJ Akv d o f ef;a¶$e@J Adv k af rmifat;wd@k &J@vuf
óu;pm;&ygvd r f h r ,f ? jynf y rS m qd k i f ; bk w f w yf x m;wJ h o l w k d i f ; uk d ,k H csuaf wGygb?J olw@kd tm%mquf¶;l Ekid af &;twGuf bmrqdv k yk rf ,fqw dk hJ
=unfpGmeJ@tm;ukd;vkd@r&bl;qdkwmvnf; ESpfaygif;rsm;pGmtawG@tñuHu [mukd oufaojywJt h aeeJ@ Edik if jH cm;om;awGtyk pf ;dk pOfuawmif 'Davmuf
oufaojycJ+h y;D yg+y?D 'Dvb kd J jzpfEidk w f ehJ nf;vrf;awGr&SmbJ/ wkid ;f jynfvw G f &uf&ufpufpufrvkyfcJhwJh axmiftjypf'%fawGcsrSwfwmjzpfygw,f?
ajrmufa&;twGuf vkyv f @kd &r,feh nf;vrf;awGuv kd nf; vkyo f ifo
h vdrk vkyf wu,fwidk ;f jynftwGupf eG @f v$wv f y_ &f mS ;cJ=h uwJo h al wGtwGuf *k%, f rl d
bJ jynfwiG ;f uvrf;pOfvu dk af evd@k vkyv f @kd r&oa,mife@J ta&;rygwm ayr,fh avmui&Jucdk pH m;=u&rSm/ wkid ;f jynftwGuv f nf; tepfemcHr,fh
awGvyk &f if; tcsed u f ek /f tusK;d r&Sb d J tcGit hf a&;,l/ ae&m,l/ r*Fvm,l tzkd;wefolawGjzpfwma=umifh qkH;¶_H;oGm;rSmukdvnf; pdk;&drfrdygw,f? ('D
wJah &m*gq;dk awGe@J ñu&H m pdw0f rf;awGu&JG aygi;f vnf; ESpaf ygi;f rsm;pGmtwGi;f owif;udak zmfjy&mrSm a&'D,w dk cku “Edik if t H a&;” aqmif¶u G o f al wGukd
t}urd af ygi;f rsm;pGmñu=H u&+y;D jynfyrSm awmfveS af &;udv k yk pf m;wJah cwfqD rw&m;axmif'%fawGcsrw S w
f ,fv@kd =um;&wJjh ynfoal wG “trsK;d om; a&;”
a&mufae&yg+y?D tcsed af wGuvnf;ta&;}u;D vmawmh 'gawGuakd zmufxu G f Ek;d =um;vmatmifa=unmay;wJt h wGuf 0rf;omrdygw,f) “Edik if H a&;” eJ@
Edik af tmifvnf; óu;pm;&ygr,f? “Ekid if t hH a&;” qdw k ahJ 0g[m&udck jGJ cm;ok;H jcif;[m jynfov l xl k t=um;rSm
txufygpmawGudk vGefcJhwJh 2 ywfausmfua&;om;xm;+yD; Ek d ; =um;r_ u G m apygw,f ? Armjynf o l a wG & J @ “trsKd ; om;a&;”
ta=umif;a=umif;a=umifh qufra&;jzpfawmhwmeJ@ razmfjyawmhbl;vkd@ Ek;d =um;atmifvy_ Ef ;d_ Ekid b f @kd u vuf&AdS rmjynf&@J tajctaet& “Ekid if aH &;”
aecJ&h mu 'D&ufawGtwGi;f rSm tjzpftysuaf wGtrsm;}u;D jzpfcahJ wmh a&; qkw d ahJ 0g[m&eJ@v_yEf ;dk bd@k rvG,af o;ygb;l ? vlawGtvG,w f ulo;Hk aewJh
cJw
h mudk qufa&;bd@k vdt k yfvmw,fv@kd ,lq+y;D 'Dpmudq k ufcyhJ gw,f? 'D “Ekid if aH &;” qdw k t hJ a=umif;t&maygi;f rsm;pGm/ ywfoufaewJv h yl *k Kd~ vaf wG
&ufawGtwGi;f rSm Armjynfta&;udpu P dk 'Dcsed x f d tar&dueforwawG &J@tajctae/ ajymr_qrkd t _ aetxm;awGay:rSmrlwnf+y;D jynfoal wG=um;
xJrSm tm;tay;qkH;vkyfcJhwJh orwbk&Sfae&mrSmtpm;xkd;bdk@ orw rSm em;vnfra_ wGtrsK;d rsK;d jzpfay:apygw,f? (+y;D cJw h t hJ ar&dueforwa¶G;
avmif; bm&uftdkbm;rm; ta¶G;cHcJh&ygw,f? tJ'Dorwavmif;a¶G;yGJ aumufyrJG mS tEdik &f wJh tkb d m;rm;[m ruUed ;f xuftajymomw,fv@kd a0
rwdik cf ifrmS bJ owif;aqmif;yg;wckrmS ArmawG rdwaf qGaumif;awGq;Hk zefow l @dk uqd=k uygw,f) “Ekid if t H a&;” qdw k muawmh wkid ;f jynfrmS jzpf
¶_H;Ekdifw,fqdkwJhaqmif;yg;wckudk =um;cJh&ygw,f? tJ'DrSm orwbk&SfeJ@ ay:aewJh wEkid if v H ;Hk twGupf ;kd &drb f , G f }u;D rm;wJq h ;Hk ¶_;H r_}u;D awGe@J ñuaH wG@
orwuawmf avmf&mbk&w fS @kd &J@ orwtiftm;eJ@ Armhta&;quftul &r,ft h a=umif;tcsuaf y:bJrw l nf+y;D trsK;d om;a&;taeeJ@ jynfov l x l k
tnDay;EkdifwJhtcGifhta&;awG ukefqkH;cgeD;vmovdk/ qufvuf pdwf0if tm¶ku H q dk , GJ El idk yf gw,f? ('gawmif wcgu pma&;ola&;cJb h ;l ovdk 8 av;
wpm;tultnDay;Ekid rf ,fh orwavmif;ruUed ;f wd@k ZeD;armifE[ HS mvnf; vk;H rSmñuaH wG@cJ&h wJt h awG@tñuw H csK› ad =umifh woufpmrSwpf &mtjzpf jynf
¶H;_ edrEhf idk af =umif; azmfjyxm;ygw,f? wu,fvnf; ¶_;H edro hf mG ;ygw,f? (pD; olawG/ wyfrawmfom;awG=um;rSm pdwfysufp&mawG&SdaecJhwma=umifh
yGg;a&;tcuftcJawGjzpfvmwm[m rpPwmruUed ;f udk yd¶k ;H_ edrahf pcJyh gw,f) awmf¶w Hk ef¶eHk @J awmh Ek;d =um;bd@k cufcyJ gvrd rhf ,f)
tEdik &f wJth b dk m;rm;eJ@twl yl;wGt J a¶G;cHwhJ 'korwavmif; *sK;d 'D=um;xJrmS ESpaf ygi;f rsm;pGmtwGi;f Ekid if aH &;vd@k om ok;H E_e;f ae=uwJh
bdkuf'ifudkawmh Armhta&;twGuf qufvuftm;ay;bdk@ tultnD pmrsufEmS 17 ok‹d
November 23, 2008 Voice of Burma 685 Page 19
 jrefrmta&;tay: tmqD,HE_wfqdwfaer_ twkduftcHa0zef
VOA / Ek0d ifbm 20 ? ? jrefrmEkid if w
H iG ;f rSm Ekid if aH &;wufºuv_y&f mS ;ol jrefrmppftpd;k &[m ukeo f , G af &;qkid &f mudpaP wGe@J tmqD,t H zG@J
awG vl@tcGit hf a&;v_y&f mS ;olawGukd ESp&f n S af xmif'%fawGcsrw S tf jypfay; 0ifEidk if aH wGe@J tm;ud;k tm;xm;ðyqufqaH e&wmjzpfjy;D jrefrmhta&;tay:
aeovdk rdom;pkawGe@J a0;vHveG ;f vSwehJ ,faxmifawGuykd @kd aewJu h pd aP wGay: ajymif;vJwkd;wufvmatmif tmqD,HtzGJ@}uD;uvkyfaqmifay;EkdifwJh
ukvor*~tygt0if Ekid if w H umtzG@J tpnf;awGu 'Dvt dk ajctaeawGay: tcsuaf wG&ydS gw,fv@kd a'guw f maomif;xGe;f uqufajymygw,f?
pd;k &drrf wd t hJ a=umif; tawmfav;a0zefajymqdak e=uygw,f? “bma=umifv h q J akd wmh tmqD,t H zJ@G 0ifawG[m ArmEkid if &H @J ukef
'gayrJh tmqD,t H zG@J }u;D taeeJ@ tckupd aP wGe@J ywfouf+y;D ckcsed x f d oG,b f ufawGyg/ etzppftpd;k &taeeJ@ tmqD,EH idk if aH wGe@J vkyaf ewJu h ek f
bmrSajymqdx k w k jf yefjcif;r&Sad o;wJt h wGuf jynfytajcpdu k f NCGUB ac: oG,rf a_ wGuaiGr&bJe@J r&yfwnfEidk yf gb;l / ud, k &hf @J ,k=H unfra_ =umifh axmif
wJh trsK;d om;!Ge@f aygi;f tpd;k &u tmqD,t H oif;}u;D taeeJ@ vuf&t dS ajc csc&H wm[m a'owGi;f rSm&Sw d hJ etzudak iGa=u;t&yHyh ;kd aewJu h rk %` aD wG eJ@
taeay:ok;H oyf&if; jrefrmppftpk;d &ay:ta&;,lra_ wGvyk o f ifw h ,fv@kd a=u tpd;k &awGrmS wpdww f ydik ;f wm0ef&ydS gw,f”
nmcsuw f apmifxw k jf yefygw,f? ukvor*~tzG@J }u;D tygt0if jrefrmhta&;tm;ay;wku d wf eG ;f aewJh
tmqD,&H @J yËd^m%fxrJ mS tzG@J 0ifEidk if aH wGrmS a'owGi;f jynfoal wG Ekid if w
H umtzG@J awG&@J awmif;qkcd suaf wGukd jrefrmppftpd;k &bufu tav;
&J@ vl@tcGifhta&;qkdif&mudpPawGwdk;wufbdk@ wdk;wufwJhvl@tcGifhta&; teufxm;aqmif¶u G w f m r&Syd gb;l ? 'gayrJh Ekid if w H umtzJ@G tpnf;awG[m
,Eœ&m;w&yfwnfaqmifay;bdk@qkdwJhtcsufawG yg0ifygvsufeJ@ tckvdk [efcsun f n D eD @J wGe;f tm;ay;&ifjzifh wk;d wufr,fah jymif;vJrw _ &yfujkd rifEidk f
jrefrmEkid if w H iG ;f vl@tcGit hf a&;csK;d azmufra_ wGe@J w&m;pD&ifa&;,Eœ&m;ysuf ygw,fv@dk ajymygw,f?
aewJt h ay: ta&;,laqmif¶u G af y;oifw h ,fv@dk NCGUB tzG@J &J@ ukv “Ekid if wH umtiftm;pkawG[m wuJu h [ kd efcsun f nD eD @J aqmif¶u G f
or*~a&;&mwm0efcH a'guw f maomif;xGe;f uajymygw,f? r,fqkd&if wGef;tm;ay;EkdifwJhtaetxm;awG&Sdygw,f/ a&ikHE_wfydwf+yD;
“'Dae@ArmEkid if rH mS tckvv kd @l tcGit hf a&;csK;d azmufra_ wG[m tm raeoifyh gb;l / ArmEkid if rH mS wuJt h rsK;d om;jyefvnfoifjh rwfa&;r&cJb h ;l qdk
qD,&H @J pHEe_ ;f eJ@,SO&f ifawmifrS b,fvrdk v S ufcEH ikd pf &mr&Sw d t hJ ajctaerSm &if 2010 a¶G;aumufyrJG mS ArmEkid if rH mS yk+d y;D awmhxyd w f udk af wG@r_awGe@J
tmqD,u H tckvakd &iHEk w _ yf wd af ejcif;[m tzG@J twGuf *k%o f u d mQ usw,f/ tkºH ur_awGuzkd efw;D ay;r,fv h rf;a=umif;yJjzpfygw,f/ tJ'jD y\emawG[m
tmqD,aH cgi;f aqmifawGuvnf; vl@tcGit hf a&;eJ@ywfoufv@dk tckvrkd sK;d ArmEdik if w H iG ;f rSm&yfomG ;rSmr[kwb f J e,fpyfujkd zwfausm+f y;D oufa&muf
vlo&d iS =f um;ajymxm;wmawG&adS yr,fh vufawG@taumiftxnfazmf&m r_awGtrsm;}uD;&SdrSmyg/ tdrfeD;csif;EkdifiHawGu 'gawGudkpOf;pm;oifhw,f/
rSm tm;enf;aew,fv@kd jyaew,f/ tckvkd tpd;k &w&yf[m Oya'&J@txuf a=umufr,fxifv@kd ajcmufwmyg/ usaemfw@dk ra=umufb@kd vdyk gw,f/ ZG&J dS
rSm&Sad ewmawG/ a&›aS eudak wmifraS xmifcsEidk w f mawG[m wjcm;tmqD,H bd@k vdyk gw,f/ tJ'v D v kd yk =f ur,fq&dk if tajymif;tvJuakd r#mv f ifv h @kd &r,f/
Ekid if aH wGrmS 'Dae@umvrSm&Sm=unf&h if rawG@&ygb;l / 'ga=umifrh @dk usaemf usaemfw@kd &J@rsK;d qufopfawG vGwv f yfwv hJ ol m;taeeJ@ *k%o f u d mQ &Sw d hJ
wd@k taeeJ@ vmr,fh xkid ;f Ekid if rH mS usi;f yr,fh tmqD,x H yd o f ;D tpnf;ta0; vlom;taeeJ@ &Sio f efEidk rf ,f”?
rSm 'Dupd u P t dk a&;,lrv _ yk cf siw f ,fv@kd wifjyxm;ygw,f”

Voice To

B urma of
1-507, Horifune Jutaku
Horifune 2-27-1
Kita Ku, Tokyo
Japan. 114 - 0004
Tel/Fax: 81 3-6323-5114
E-mail: sayarkway@yahoo.com
voburma@ac.auone-net.jp

1995 ck atmuf wdk bm v rS p wif I t ywf pOf xkwf a0 onf

AIR MAIL PRINTED MATTER
Page 20 Voice of Burma 685 November 23 , 2008