KHOA K THUT CNG NGH TRNG TC KINH T - K THUT BC THNG LONG

BI GING
MN: PHOTOSHOP
CHNG 7: CHNH SA NH

NI DUNG

I.Cc ch mu
II.Cn bng nh sng cho nh

III.Cc lnh chnh mu

IV.Cc cng c chnh sa nh

I.Cc ch mu
Bitmap nh mu chun ca Windows GrayScale nh en trng (kh nng chuyn sang dng mu ht sc phc tp) Indexed Color nh dng kt hp mu RGB Color ch nh tng hp 3 mu chun RGB CMYK Color ch nh tng hp 4 mu chun (my Mac) Lab Color nh theo phng thc chp Multi Channel nh a knh mu

II. Cn bng nh sng cho nh

Level, auto level, auto contrast, auto color, Curves, Brightness | Contrast ,

Lnh Level
Image > Adjustment > Level (Ctrl+L)
Cho php cn bng nh sng cho nh, p dng cho trng hp nh chp trong iu kin thiu hoc tha nh sng.
Channel: th hin cc knh mu.

Input Levels: Tng gim tng sng, ti cho nh .

Output Levels: Tng gim bo ha gia mu nh v mu Tamut .

Lnh Auto level

Image > Adjustment (Ctrl+Shift+L)

> Auto Levels

Tr li mu tng hp theo mc nh ca chng trnh.

Auto Contrast
Image > Adjustment (Ctrl+Shift+Alt+L)

> Auto Contrast

Chnh bo ha gia mu nh v mu Gamut mt cch t ng.

Lnh Curves
Image > Adjustment > Curver (Ctrl+M) Chnh sng ti, tng phn theo dng ng cong th. Lnh ny lm cho nh sng v c tng phn cao. Thc hin : Chn nh hoc layer. Chn lnh curves. Click ln th to nt. Drag chut to cong th chnh nh sng trn nh. OK.

Lnh Brightness | Contrast

iu chnh sng ti v tng phn cho nh.Brightness : Chnh sng, ti trn nh.Contrast : Chnh tng phn cho nh.

III. Cc lnh chnh mu

Photoshop cung cp nhiu lnh chnh mu rt hiu qu trong vic cn bng mu sc v chnh mu cho nh. Trc khi tin hnh chnh sa mu cho nh cc bn phi m bo cc iu kin sau: Mode mu ca nh phi l mode RGB hay CMYK color. (Image > Mode > RGB color) Phi to vng chn ph hp vi vng nh cn chnh mu. Phi m bo bn ang chn ng Layer mun chnh sa

Lnh Color Balance

L phng php cn bng mu sc. Thay i mu nhng khng thay i hon ton tng mu. Thc hin : Shadows : Cn bng trn

vng bng ti. Midton : Cn bng trn vng trung bnh. Highlights : Cn bng trn vng sng.

Lnh Hue | Saturation

Image> Adjustment > Hue | Saturation Thay i tng mu cho nh
Edit : Chn cc knh mu cn chnh.
Hue : Xc nh tng mu cho nh. Saturation : Tng hay gim sc ca mu. Lighness : Xc nh sng ti cho knh mu trn nh.

Colorize : Chuyn nh v nh 1 tng mu, hay

chuyn nh trng en sang nh 1 tng mu.

Lnh Desaturate
Image > Adjustment (Ctrl+Shift+U)

>

Desaturate

Chuyn mt phn nh trn vng chn hay trn Layer hin hnh thnh nh trng en.

Lnh Replace Color

Cho php chn nh theo mu ng thi thay i mu cho vng nh chn. Thc hin : Image > Adjustment > Replace color.
Dng cng c (eyedropper) ch nh vng mu cn thay i. iu chnh cc thng s trong hp i thoi c mu ph hp OK.

Lnh Selective Color

Image > Adjustment> Selective Color Chnh mu cho tng loi tng mu c trn nh. Colors : Chn tng mu cn chnh. Cyan : Tng gim mu xanh dng cho tng mu c chn. Magenta : Tng gim mu sen cho tng mu c chn. Yellow : Tng gim mu vng cho tng mu c chn. Black : Tng gim mu en cho tng mu c chn. Relative : Hin th mu nguyn thy. Absolute : Hin th mu chnh sa.

Lnh Channel Mixer

Image > Adjustment > Channel Mixer Chnh sa mu cho nh theo tng knh mu (RGB) Output Channel : Chn knh mu cn hiu chnh. Soure Channel : Tng gim sc mu trn 3 thanh trt. Constant : To bo ha gia 3 knh mu. Monochrome : Chuyn nh v ch en trng.

Lnh Gradient map

Image > Adjustment > Gradient map
Chuyn nh v ch mu n sc, mu nh l mu gradient c sn trong th vin ca photoshop. Gradient used for grayscale Mapping : Chn cc kiu gii mu t gn cho nh. Dither : To s dung ha gia cc gii mu. Reverse : o mu m bn.

Lnh Invert
Image > Adjustment > Invert (Ctrl+I)
Chuyn nh dng bn thnh m bn (o mu nh).

Equalize v Threshold
Image > Adjustment > Equalize Chnh sc nt cho nh, khi chn lnh ny nh ca bn s tr nn sc so hn
Image > Adjustment > Threshold Chuyn nh v dng nh bitmap thng dng trong cc k thut in.

Lnh Variations
Chnh mu bng lnh Variations S dng lnh Image > Adjustment > Variations chnh mu theo cc mu mu c sn Thc hin : 1. Chn vng nh cn chnh mu. 2. Chn lnh Variations. 3. Click chut vo cc hin th trn mu. 4. Thy mu pha t, chn OK.

IV. Cc cng c chnh sa nh

Healing Brush tool
Patch tool

Color Replacement tool

Clone stamp tool Pattern stamp tool Dodge tool, Burn tool, Sponge tool Blur tool, Sharpen tool, smudge tool

Healing Brush tool

Tc dng: sao chp cc vng nh nh mu ngun. S dng:

Gi phm alt chn mu ngun

T vo nhng vng cn t

Clone stamp tool

Tc dng: nh cng c Healing brush nhng khc l cng c Healing, Photoshop s tnh ton trc s ha trn gia cc pixels mu v vng t sao cho s phc ch din ra tht tinh t v hiu qu
Cch s dng tng t Healing brush

Patch tool
C tnh nng ging nh cng c Healing Brush nhng thay v dng u c t t 1 vng c ch nh, bn s phi to vng chn cho ch cn c chnh sa ri r n ph ln mt vng khc thch hp v ch hng.

Color Replacement tool

Thay i mu ca mt vng nh no theo mu Set Foreground color

Pattern stamp tool

T theo khun mu nh xc nh trc
Thc hin:
To vng nh khun mu
Chn cng c Rectangula tool Edit -> Define pattern Bm v ko chut ti v tr t

Nhm hiu chnh sng ti ca nh

Dodge tool: tng sng ca nh
Brun: tng ti ca nh

Sponge: to m ca nh

Nhm hiu chnh mn v tng phn ca nh

Blur: lm m cc bin khi cn thit

Sharpen: lm sc nt vng nh, bin mu khi cn thit Smudge: dng khuch tn cc mu pha ln nhau