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Integral Test:
Let a n = f(n) where f(x) is a continuous, positive, decreasing function of x for all x 1. Then the series a n and the integral f(x)dx both converge or both diverge.
1
2. Test for divergence : If a n 0 for n n o and there is a divergent series d n such that d n > 0 and lim an > 0, then a n diverges. dn
an is finite and positive, then both series converge or both series diverge. bn
a n +1 =p an
Let a n be a series with a n 0 for n n 0 , and suppose that Then (a) the series converges if p < 1 (b) the series diverges if p > 1 (c) the test is not conclusive if p = 1
an p
nth-term test for divergence: an diverges if lim an fails to exist or is different from zero. n n=1
Examples: 1. 2. 3. 4.
n n =1
diverges because n 2
n =1
n +1 n +1 diverges because 1 n n
n +1
(-1) n =1
1 0 2
Revised: Spring 2005 STUDENT LEARNING ASSISTANCE CENTER (SLAC) Texas State University-San Marcos