IID-2

Example II.D-1

Prying Action in Tees and in Single Angles

Given:
Design a WT tension-hanger connection between a 2L33c tension member and a W2494
beam connection to support the following loads:
PD = 13.5 kips
PL = 40 kips
Use w-in. diameter ASTM A325-N bolts and 70 ksi electrodes.

Material Properties:
Hanger
Beam W2494
Angles 2L33c

ASTM A992
ASTM A992
ASTM A36

Fy = 50 ksi
Fy = 50 ksi
Fy = 36 ksi

Fu = 65 ksi
Fu = 65 ksi
Fu = 58 ksi

Manual
Table 2-3

Geometric Properties:
Beam W2494
Angles 2L33c

d = 24.3 in. tw = 0.515 in.

A = 3.55 in.2 x = 0.860 in.

bf = 9.07 in.

tf = 0.875 in.

Solution:
LRFD

Pu = 1.2(13.5 kips) + 1.6(40 kips) = 80.2 kips

ASD

Pa = 13.5 kips + 40 kips = 53.5 kips

Manual
Tables 1-1,
1-7, and
1-15

IID-3

Eqn. D2-1

Check tension yielding of angles

Rn = Fy Ag = (36 ksi)(3.55 in.2 ) = 128 kips
LRFD

ASD

Rn / =

Rn = 0.90(128 kips)
= 115 kips > 80.2 kips

= 76.6 kips > 53.5 kips

Try 4-in. fillet welds

Try 4-in. fillet welds

Lmin =

128 kips
1.67

Pu
80.2 kips
=
1.392 D 1.392(4 sixteenths)

Lmin =

Pa
53.5 kips
=
0.928D 0.928(4 sixteenths)

= 14.4 in.

= 14.4 in.

Use four 4-in. welds (16 in. total), one at

each toe and heel of each angle.

Use four 4-in. welds (16 in. total), one at

each toe and heel of each angle.

Check tension rupture of angles

Calculate the effective net area
U = 1

Table D3.1
Case 2

x
0.860 in.
= 1
= 0.785
L
4 in.

Ae = AnU = (3.55 in.2 ) ( 0.785) = 2.80 in.2

Eqn. D2-2

LRFD

ASD

= 0.75

Rn = Fu Ae = (58 ksi)(2.80 in. ) = 163 kips

2

= 2.00
Rn = Fu Ae = (58 ksi)(2.80 in.2 ) = 163 kips

Select a preliminary WT using beam gage

163
.
2.00
= 81.5 kips > 53.5 kips o.k.
Select a preliminary WT using beam gage

g = 4 in.

g = 4 in.

With four w-in. diameter ASTM A325-N

bolts,

With four w-in. diameter ASTM A325-N

bolts,

t Rn = 0.75(163)
= 122 kips > 80 kips

Tu = rut =

Rn / t =

o.k.

Pu 80 kips
=
= 20 kips/bolt
4
n

B = rn = 29.8 kips > 20 kips

Ta = rat =

o.k.

Pa 53.5 kips
=
= 13.4 kips/bolt
4
n

B = rn / = 19.9 kips > 13.4 kips

o.k.

Manual
Table 7-2

IID-4

With four bolts, the maximum effective length is 2g = 8 in. Thus, there are 4 in. of tee length
tributary to each pair of bolts and
LRFD

2 bolts(20 kips/bolt)
= 10.0 kips/in.
4 in.

ASD

2 bolts(13.4 kips/bolt)
= 6.7 kips/in.
4 in.

The minimum depth WT that can be used is equal to the sum of the weld length plus the weld
size plus the k-dimension for the selected section. From Manual Table 1-8 with an assumed
b = 4 in./2 = 2 in., t0 1116 in., and d min = 4 in. + 1 4 in. + k 6 in., appropriate selections
include:
WT639.5
WT734

WT828.5
WT930

Manual
Table 1-8

Try WT828.5; bf = 7.12 in., tf = 0.715 in., tw = 0.430 in.

Check prying action
b=

a=

g tw (4 in. 0.430 in.)

=
= 1.79 in. > 1 1 4 -in. entering and tightening clearance, o.k.
2
2
bf g
2

(7.12 in. 4 in.)

= 1.56 in.
2

Since a = 1.56 in. < 1.25b = 2.24 in., use a = 1.56 in.
b' = b

d
3 in.
= 1.79 in. 4 = 1.42 in.
2
2

a' = a +

d
3 in.
= 1.56 in. + 4 = 1.94 in.
2
2

b ' 1.42 in.

=
= 0.732
a ' 1.94 in.
LRFD

1B

1 29.8 kips/bolt

1 =
1
0.732

20 kips

= 0.669

= 1

d'
13 in.
= 1 16 = 0.797
4 in.
p

ASD

1B

= 0.663

1 19.9 kips/bolt

1 =
1
0.732 13.4 kips

Manual
Part 9

IID-5

Since < 1.0,

LRFD

'=

ASD

1.0

'=

1 0.669

0.797 1 0.669

= 2.54 ' = 1.0

= 0.521 in. < t f = 0.715 in.

1 0.663

0.797 1 0.663

6.66Tb '
pFu (1 + ')

tmin =

4.44(20 kips/bolt)(1.42 in.)

(4 in.)(65 ksi)[1 + (0.797)(1.0)]

1.0

= 2.47 ' = 1.0

4.44Tb '
pFu (1 + ')

tmin =

o.k.

6.66(13.4 kips/bolt)(1.42 in.)

(4 in.)(65 ksi)[1 + (0.797)(1.0)]

= 0.521 in. < t f = 0.715 in.

o.k.

Check tension yielding of the tee stem on the Whitmore section

Manual
Part 9

The effective width of the tee stem (which cannot exceed the actual width of 8 in.) is
Lw = 3 in. + 2(4 in.)(tan 30D ) 8 in.

= 7.62 in.

and the nominal strength is determined as

LRFD

ASD

= 0.90

= 1.67

Rn = Fy Ageff = (50 ksi)(7.62 in.)(0.430 in.) = 164 kips

Rn = Fy Ageff = (50 ksi)(7.62 in.)(0.430 in.) = 164 kips

164
= 98.2 kips > 53.5 kips
1.67
Check shear rupture of the base metal along the toe and heel of each weld line
Rn = 0.90(164) = 147 kips > 80 kips

tmin =

o.k.

Rn / =

6.19D
Fu

4
= 6.19
65 ksi
= 0.381 in.< 0.430 in. o.k.

Check block shear rupture of the tee stem

Since the angles are welded to the WT-hanger the gross area shear yielding will control.
Agv = ( 2 welds)( 4 in.)( 0.430 in.) = 3.44 in.2

o.k.

Eqn. D2-1
Manual
Part 9

IID-6

Tension stress is uniform, therefore Ubs = 1.0.

Table D3.1

Ant = Ag = 1.0 ( 3 in.)( 0.430 in.) = 1.29 in.2

Rn = 0.6FuAnv+UbsFuAnt 0.6FyAgv+UbsFuAnt

Rn = 0.6 Fy Agv + U bs Fu Ant = 0.6 ( 50 ksi) 3.44 in.2 + 1.0 ( 65 ksi) 1.29 in.2 = 187 kips
LRFD

Eqn. J4-5

ASD

= 0.75

= 2.00

Rn = 0.75(187) = 140 kips > 80 kips

o.k.

Rn / =

187
= 93.5 kips > 53.5 kips
2.00

o.k.

Note: Alternately, a WT tension hanger could be selected with a flange thickness to reduce the
effect of prying action to an insignificant amount, i.e., qu 0. Assumsing b ' = 1.42 in.
LRFD

tmin =

ASD

4.44Tb '
pFu

tmin =

4.44(20 kips/bolt)(1.42 in.)

(4 in./bolt)(65 ksi)

6.66Tb '
pFu
6.66(13.4 kips/bolt)(1.42 in.)
(4 in./bolt)(65 ksi)

= 0.696 in.

= 0.698 in.

Try WT935.5

Try WT935.5

Manual
Table 1-8

tf = 0.810 in. > 0.696 in.

o.k.

tf = 0.810 in. > 0.698 in.

o.k.

tw = 0.495 in. > 0.430 in.

o.k.

tw = 0.495 in. > 0.430 in.

o.k.

bf = 7.64 in. > 7.12 in.

o.k.

bf = 7.64 in. > 7.12 in.

o.k.