RESONANT FREQUENCY ANDFREQUENCY RESPONSE OF A RLC CIRCUIT

AIM: To study series resonance in RLC circuit and to obtain its frequency response. APPARATUS REQUIRED: Sl.No 1 ! % # " Name of the component Resistor Inductor Capacitor Audio Frequency (sci))ator *AF(+ *or+ Function ,enerator Cathode Ray (sci))oscope *CR(+ Connecting .ires Ran e 1 "# m$ &.#' F Q!ant"t# 1 1 1 1 1 Fe.

FORMULAE USED: For the given RLC circuit Impedance Current

Z = R ! + * X L X C +!

I =

V Z

At resonance condition,

X L = XC

L =

1 C 1 fr = ! LC

Resonant frequency Impedance at resonance Current at resonance

Zr = R
Ir = V R

SERIES RESONANCE $ T%EORY: An AC circuit comprising R, L and C is said to be in resonance .hen its app)ied vo)tage and the source current are in phase. In a series RLC circuit, series resonance occurs .hen /L 0 /C. The frequency at .hich the resonance occurs is ca))ed resonance frequency * f r +. 1hen /L 0 /C *at resonance condition+, *i+ *ii+ The impedance in the series RLC circuit is pure)y resistive and its va)ue is minimum. The vo)tage across the inductance and capacitance are equa) in magnitude, but 12& out of phase .ith each other, .hich resu)ts in 3ero vo)tage across the LC combination. *iii+ 4ince the impedance is minimum, the current is ma5imum. 4o a series resonance circuit has the capabi)ity to dra. heavy currents and po.er from the mains. PROCEDURE: 1. !. %. #. ". and tabu)ated. The connections are made as per the circuit diagram. The sinusoida) input vo)tage of required magnitude is set in the AF(. The frequency of the input sinusoida) signa) is varied using AF(. For each frequency variation, the vo)tage across LC is measured using The current f)o.ing through the circuit is ca)cu)ated using the formu)a

the CR( and tabu)ated.

-.

Frequency response is obtained by dra.ing graph bet.een input

frequency and the vo)tage across LC. RESULT: Thus the series resonance in RLC circuit .as studied and the frequency response .as obtained.

CIRCUIT DIA&RAM:

MODEL &RAP%:

6o)tage*vo)ts+ 6L76C

fr

Frequency *$3+

Current*A+

Frequency *$3+

6o)tage across LC *vo)ts+

Current I *A+

fr

frequency *$3+

TA'ULATION:

60! 6

MODEL CALCULATION: Resonant frequency

fr = 1 ! LC

fr =

1 ! "# 8 1&
%

8 &.#' 8 1&-

f r =1KHz