Chapter 7 Newtons Second Law

Physics, 6th Edition

Chapter 7. Newtons Second Law

Newtons Second Law
7-1. A 4-k !ass is acted on "y a res#$tant %orce o% &a' 4 N, &"' ( N, and &c' 1) N. *hat are the res#$tin acce$erations+ &a' a = 4N = 1 !,s) 4k &"' a = (N = ) !,s) 4k &c' a = 1)N = - !,s) 4k

7-). A constant %orce o% ). N acts on a !ass o% &a' ) k , &"' 4 k , and &c' 6 k . *hat are the res#$tin acce$erations+ &a' a = ).N = 1. !,s) )k &"' a = ).N = / !,s) 4k &c' a = ).N = -.-- !,s) 6k

7--. A constant %orce o% 6. $" acts on each o% three o"0ects, prod#cin acce$erations o% 4, (, and 1) N. *hat are the !asses+ m= 6. $" = 1/ s$# s 4 %t , s) m= 6. $" = 7./ s$# s ( %t , s) m= 6. $" = / s$# s 1) %t , s)

7-4. *hat res#$tant %orce is necessary to i1e a 4-k ha!!er an acce$eration o% 6 !,s)+ F = ma = &4 k '&6 !,s)'2 3 4 )4 N

7-/. 5t is deter!ined that a res#$tant %orce o% 6. N wi$$ i1e a wa on an acce$eration o% 1. !,s). *hat %orce is re6#ired to i1e the wa on an acce$eration o% on$y ) !,s)+ m= 6. N = 6 s$# s 2 1. ! , s) F = ma = &6 s$# s'&) !,s)'2 3 4 1) N

7-6. A 1...-k car !o1in north at 1.. k!,h "rakes to a stop in /. !. *hat are the !a nit#de and direction o% the %orce+
) )as = v ) f vo 2

Convert to SI units7 100 k!,h = 27.8 !,s

) v) f vo

a=

)s

&.' ) &)7.( ! , s' ) 2 )&/. !'

a = 7.7) ! , s)

F = ma = &1... k '&7.7) !,s)'2 6/

F 4 77) N, South.

Chapter 7 Newtons Second Law The Relationship Between Weight and Mass

Physics, 6th Edition

7-7. *hat is the wei ht o% a 4.( k !ai$"o8+ *hat is the !ass o% a 4.-N tank+ W = &4.( k '&9.( !,s)' 4 47.. N 2 m= 4. N 4 4..( k 9.( ! , s)

7-(. *hat is the !ass o% a 6.-$" chi$d+ *hat is the wei ht o% a 7-s$# !an+ m= 6. $" 4 1.(( s$# s 2 -) %t , s) W = &7 s$# s'&-) %t,s)' 4 ))4 $"

7-9. A wo!an wei hs 1(. $" on earth. *hen she wa$ks on the !oon, she wei hs on$y -. $". *hat is the acce$eration d#e to ra1ity on the !oon and what is her !ass on the !oon+ :n the Earth+ Her mass is the same on the moon as it is on the earth, so we first find the constant mass me = 1(. $" = /.6)/ s$# s2 -) %t , s) $m = mm = me = !."2 s#u$s %

Wm = mm$m

-. $" % /.6)/ s$# s

$m = !.&& %t,s)

7-1.. *hat is the wei ht o% a 7.-k astrona#t on the s#r%ace o% the earth. Co!pare the res#$tant %orce re6#ired to i1e hi! or her an acce$eration o% 4 !,s) on the earth with the res#$tant %orce re6#ired to i1e the sa!e acce$eration in space where ra1ity is ne $i i"$e+ 'n earth (n)where W = &7. k '&9.( !,s)' 4 6(6 N 2 3; 4 &7. k '&4 !,s)' 4 )(. N F* = 280 N +he mass doesn,t chan$e.

7-11. 3ind the !ass and the wei ht o% a "ody i% a res#$tant %orce o% 16 N wi$$ i1e it an acce$eration o% / !,s).

m=

16 N 4 -.). k /.. ! , s)

W = &-.). k '&9.( !,s)' 4 -1.4 N

66

Chapter 7 Newtons Second Law

Physics, 6th Edition

7-1). 3ind the !ass and wei ht o% a "ody i% a res#$tant %orce o% ).. $" ca#ses its speed to increase %ro! ). %t,s to 6. %t,s in a ti!e o% / s. a= 6. %t , s - ). %t , s = ( %t , s) 2 /s m= ).. $" 4 )/.. s$# s ( %t , s) * 4 (.. $"

W = m$ 4 &)/.. s$# s'&-) %t,s)'2

7-1-. 3ind the !ass and wei ht o% a "ody i% a res#$tant %orce o% 4.. N ca#ses it to decrease its 1e$ocity "y 4 !,s in - s. a= v 4 ! , s = 2 a = 1-. ! , s) 2 t -s m= 4.. N 2 1-. ! , s) W 4 )94. N m = &00 k

W = m$ = &-.. k '&9.( !,s)'2

Applications for Single-Bod !ro"le#s$ 7-14. *hat hori<onta$ p#$$ is re6#ired to dra a 6-k s$ed with an acce$eration o% 4 !,s) i% a %riction %orce o% ). N opposes the !otion+ - = ). N 4 &6 k '&4 !,s)'2 - 4 44.. N
). N 6k

7-1/. A )/..-$" a#to!o"i$e is speedin at // !i,h. *hat res#$tant %orce is re6#ired to stop the car in ).. %t on a $e1e$ road. *hat !#st "e the coe%%icient o% kinetic %riction+ We first find the mass and then the acce#eration. &// !i,h 4 (..7 !,s' m= )/.. $" = 7(.1 s$# s2 -) %t , s)
) v) f v. ) Now reca$$ that7 )as = v ) f v.

a=

)s

& .' &(..7 %t , s' ) = 2 )&).. %t'

and

a = - 16.- ! , s) 3 4 -1)7. $" k 4 ../.(

F = ma = &7(.1 s$# s'&-16.- %t,s)'2 F. = . / 2 k = 1)7. $" 2 )/.. $" 67

Chapter 7 Newtons Second Law

Physics, 6th Edition

7-16. A 1.-k !ass is $i%ted #pward "y a $i ht ca"$e. *hat is the tension in the ca"$e i% the ? acce$eration is &a' <ero, &"' 6 !,s) #pward, and &c' 6 !,s) downward+ T /ote that u0 is 0ositive and that W = &1. k '&9.( !,s)' 4 9( N. 1a2 + 3 48 N 4 &1. k '&. !,s2) 152 + 3 48 N 4 &1. k '&6 !,s2) 1c2 + 3 48 N 4 &1. k '&-6 !,s2) and and and > 4 9( N > 4 6. N ? 9( N or > 4 1/( N > 4 -(.. N
1. k

W % mg

> 4 - 6. N ? 9( N or

7-17. A 64-$" $oad han s at the end o% a rope. 3ind the acce$eration o% the $oad i% the tension in the ca"$e is &a' 64 $", &"' 4. $", and &c' 96 $". &a' + W = W 64 $" a2 64 $" 64 $" 4 a ) 2 $ -) %t,s W 64 $" a2 4. $" 64 $" 4 a ) 2 $ -) %t,s W 64 $" a2 96 $" 64 $" 4 a ) 2 $ -) %t,s a=0 ? T m = W7$ W a = 612.0 %t,s)

&"' + W =

&"' + W =

a = 1".0 %t,s)

7-1(. An (..-k e$e1ator is $i%ted 1ertica$$y "y a stron rope. 3ind the acce$eration o% the e$e1ator i% the rope tension is &a' 9... N, &"' 7(4. N, and &c' )... N. /ewton,s #aw for the 0ro5#em is7 + 3 m$ = ma 1u0 is 0ositive2 &a' 9... N = &(.. k '&9.( !,s)' 4 &(.. k 'a % &a' 7(4. N = &(.. k '&9.( !,s)' 4 &(.. k 'a % &a' )... N = &(.. k '&9.( !,s)' 4 &(.. k 'a % a = 1.4/ !,s) a=0 a = -7.-. !,s) m m$ 8 T

7-19. A hori<onta$ %orce o% 1.. N p#$$s an (-k ca"inet across a $e1e$ %$oor. 3ind the acce$eration o% the ca"inet i% k % ..). F = .N = k m$ 1.. N = F 4 ma% F = 0.2&( k '&9.( !,s2) = 15.7 a = 1../ !,s) N F m$ 1.. N

100 N = 1/.7 N 4 &( k ' a% 6(

Chapter 7 Newtons Second Law 7-).. 5n 3i . 7-1., an #nknown !ass s$ides down the -.. inc$ined p$ane. *hat is the acce$eration in the a"sence o% %riction+

Physics, 6th Edition N

-..

38 4 !a9%

m$ sin &0 = ma %

a = $ sin &0

a = &9.( !,s)' sin -.. 4 4.9. !,s), down the p$ane 7-)1. Ass#!e that k % ..) in 3i 7-1.. *hat is the acce$eration+ *hy did yo# not need to know the !ass o% the "$ock+ 38 4 !a9% m$ sin -.. - kN 4 ma % N = m$ cos -..

-..

m$

N F
-.. -..

m$

m$ sin -.. - k m$ cos -.. 4 ma % a = $ sin -.. - k a = &9.( !,s)'&../' = ..)&9.( !,s)'&..(66'2

cos -..

a 4 -.). !,s), down the p$ane.

@7-)). Ass#!e that m 4 5 . k and k 4 .. - in 3i . 7- 1.. *hat p#sh - directed #p and a$on the inc$ine in 3i .7-1. wi$$ prod#ce an acce$eration o% 4 !,s) a$so #p the inc$ine+ F 4 kN 4 km$ cos -..2 F 4 ..-&1. k '&9.( !,s)'cos -.. 4 )/./ N 38 4 !a2 - = F = m$ sin -.. 4 ma - 3 2!.! N = &1. k '&9.( !,s)'&../' 4 &1. k '&4 !,s)' - 3 2!.! N = 49.. N 4 4. N2 - 4 114 N ? F N !
-..

-..

m$

@7-)-. *hat %orce P down the inc$ine in 3i . 7-1. is re6#ired to ca#se the acce$eration A:*N the p$ane to "e 4 !,s)+ Ass#!e that in 4 5: k and k 4 .. -. See -ro5. 7622 F is u0 the 0#ane now. - is down 0#ane 182. ? !
-..

F
-..

F9 = ma2 - - F ? m$ sin -.. 4 ma 2 Sti##, F 4 )/./ N

- 6 2!.! N ? &1. k '&9.( !,s)'&../' 4 &1. k '&4 !,s)' - 6 2!.! N ? 49.. N 4 4. N2 - 4 16./ N 69

m$

Chapter 7 Newtons Second Law Applications for M&lti-Bod !ro"le#s

Physics, 6th Edition

7-)4. Ass#!e <ero %riction in 3i . 7-11. *hat is the acce$eration o% the syste!+ *hat is the tension > in the connectin cord+ *esu#tant force = tota# mass 9 acce#eration 80 N 4 &) k ? 6 k 'a% a = 10 !,s) 80 N = > 4 &6 k '&1. !,s2); = 20 1. k 4/ N A )k 6k > (. N

+o find +, a00#) F = ma to "6.$ 5#oc. on#)

7-)/. *hat %orce does "$ock A e8ert on "$ock B in 3i , 7-1)+

/k B

F = m+a% 4/ N 4 &1/ k ' a%

a = & !,s) 3 4 1/ N

Force '/ : = m: a = &/ k '&- !,s)'2

@7-)6. *hat are the acce$eration o% the syste! and the tension in the connectin cord %or the arran e!ent shown in 3i . 7-1-+ (ssume ;ero friction and draw free65od) dia$rams. For tota# s)stem m2$ = 1m1 8 m22a 1m1$ is 5a#anced 5) N2

N T m1 g 8a T

m) $ &6 k '&9.( ! , s) ' a= = % m1 + m) 4k ? 6k

m2 g a = !.88 !,s) /ow, to find +, consider on#) m1

F = m1a

+ = m1a = &4 k '&/.(( !,s2);

= 23.5

@7-)7. 5% the coe%%icient o% kinetic %riction "etween the ta"$e and the 4 k "$ock is ..) in 3i . 7-1-, what is the acce$eration o% the syste!. *hat is the tension in the cord+

F) = 0%

N = m1$%

F = .N = .m1$

F'

N T m1 g 8a T

For tota# s)stem a=

m2$ 6 .m1$ = 1m1 8 m22a

) )

m) $ . m1 $ &6 k '&9.( ! , s ' &..)'&4 k '&9.( ! , s ' = m1 + m) 4k ? 6k 7.

m2 g

Chapter 7 Newtons Second Law a= /(.( N 7.(4 N 1. k F' N

Physics, 6th Edition

@7-)7. &Cont.'

or

a = /.1. !,s)

T m1 g

8a T

+o find +, consider on#) m2 and ma.e down 0ositive

F) = m2a % m2$ 3 + = m2a% + = m2$ 3 m2a = &6 k '&9.( !,s)' = &6 k '&/.1. !,s)'2
> 4 )(.) N

m2 g

@7-)(. Ass#!e that the !asses m1 = ) k and m2 = ( k are connected "y a cord that passes o1er a $i ht %riction$ess p#$$ey as in 3i . 7-14. *hat is the acce$eration o% the syste! and the tension in the cord+ *esu#tant force = tota# mass of s)stem 9 acce#eration m2$ 3 m1$ = 1m1 8 m22a a= m) $ m1 $ m1 + m) a = /.(( !,s2 T

8a

m1g

m2g

a=

&( k '&9.( ! , s) ' - &) k '&9.( ! , s) ' )k ? (k

/ow #oo. at m1 a#one > 4 -1.4 N 8a N T T

-). -).

+ 6 m1$ = m1 a%

+ = m11$ 8 a2 = &) k '&9.( !,s) = /.(( !,s)'2

@7-)9. >he syste! descri"ed in 3i . 7-1/ starts %ro! rest. *hat is the Acce$eration ass#!in <ero %riction+ 1(ssume motion down 0#ane2

F9 = m+ a%

m1$ sin -). = m2$ = 1m1 8 m22 a m1g

&1. k '&9.( !,s)'sin -). = &) k '&9.( !,s)' 4 &1. k ? ) k 'a a= /19 . N - 19.6 N 1) k a = ).69 !,s)

m2g

@7--.. *hat is the acce$eration in 3i . 7-1/ as the 1.-k "$ock !o1es down the p$ane a ainst %riction &k 4 ..)'. (dd friction force F u0 0#ane in fi$ure for 0revious 0ro5#em. m1$ sin -). = m2$ 3 F = 1m1 8 m22 a %

F) = 0 %

N = m1$ cos -).

71

Chapter 7 Newtons Second Law @7--.. &Cont.' m1$ sin -). = m2$ 3 F = 1m1 8 m22 a %

Physics, 6th Edition F 4 kN = . m1$ cos -). a = 1.-1 !,s)

m1$ sin -). = m2$ 3 . m1$ cos -). = 1m1 8 m22 a %

@7--1 *hat is the tension in the cord %or Pro"$e! 7--.+ (00#) F = ma to mass m2 on#) + 3 m2$ = m2 a% + = m21$ 8 a2 = &) k '&9.( !,s) ? 1.-1 !,s)'2 > 4 )).) N

Challenge !ro"le#s
7--). A )...-$" e$e1ator is $i%ted 1ertica$$y with an acce$eration o% ( %t,s). 3ind the !ini!#! "reakin stren th o% the ca"$e p#$$in the e$e1ator+ 3y 4 ma% + 3 m$ = ma% m= W )... $" = 2 m = 6)./ s$# s $ -) %t , s) + = &6)./ s$# s'&-) %t,s) ? ( %t,s)'2 T (a

)... $"

+ = m1$ 8 a2%

> 4 )/.. $"

7---. A )..-$" worker stands on wei hin sca$es in the e$e1ator o% Pro"$e! 7--). *hat is the readin o% the sca$es as he is $i%ted at ( !,s+ +he sca#e readin$ wi## 5e e<ua# to the norma# force N on wor.er. N 3 m$ = ma% N = m1$ 8 a2% + = &6)./ s$# s'&-) %t,s) ? ( %t,s)'2

N (a
).. $"

> 4 )/.. $"

7--4. A (-k $oad is acce$erated #pward with a cord whose "reakin stren th is ).. N. *hat is the !a8i!#! acce$eration+ +ma9 = m$ = ma +!a8 m$ ).. N - &( k '&9.( ! , s) ' a= = m (k a 4 1/.) !,s) 8k m$ T % ).. N (a

7)

Chapter 7 Newtons Second Law

Physics, 6th Edition

7--/. 3or r#""er tires on a concrete road k 4 ..7. *hat is the hori<onta$ stoppin distance %or a 16..-k tr#ck tra1e$in at ). !,s+ +he sto00in$ distance is determined 5) the

acce#eration from a resu#tant friction force F = .N, where N 4 m$ F 4 -km$ = ma2 a = 6.$ = 6 &..7'&9.( !,s)'2 s=
) v) f v.

a = 66.(6!,s) s = )9.) k!

*eca## that 2as = vo2 6 vf2%

)a

. &). ! , s' ) % )&-6.(6 ! , s) '

@7--6. S#ppose the 4 and 6-k !asses in 3i . 7-1- are switched so that the $ar er !ass is on the ta"$e. *hat wo#$d "e the acce$eration and tension in the cord ne $ectin %riction+ For tota# s)stem a= m2$ = 1m1 8 m22%
)

m1 = 6 k 2 m2 = 4 k a = -.9) !,s)

N T m1 g 8a T

m) $ &4 k '&9.( ! , s ' = % m1 + m) 6k ? 4k

F = m1a

+ = m1a = &6 k '&/.(( !,s2);

= 23.5

m2 g

@7--7. Consider two !asses A and B connected "y a cord and h#n o1er a sin $e p#$$ey. 5% !ass A is twice that o% !ass B, what is the acce$eration o% the syste!+ m( = 2m: % If the #eft mass : is m, the ri$ht mass ( wi## 5e 2m. m$ = &ma a = -.)7 !,s2 T m mg N ? F m$ !
-4. B

8a T 2m
A

2m$ 3 m$ = 12m 8 m2a a= $ 9.( ! , s) = -

2mg

@7--(. A /-k !ass rests on a -4. inc$ined p$ane where k 4 ..). *hat p#sh #p the inc$ine, wi$$ ca#se the "$ock to acce$erate at 4 !,s)+ F 4 kN 4 km$ cos -4.2 F 4 ..)&/ k '&9.( !,s)'cos -4. 4 (.1) N 38 4 !a2 - = F = m$ sin -4 4 ma
.

-4.

- 3 8.12 N = &/ k '&9.( !,s)' sin -4. 4 &/ k '&4 !,s)' 7-

- 4 47.4 N

Chapter 7 Newtons Second Law

Physics, 6th Edition

@7--9. A 96-$" "$ock rests on a ta"$e where k % ..4. A cord tied to this "$ock passes o1er a $i ht %riction$ess p#$$ey. *hat wei ht !#st "e attached to the %ree end i% the syste! is to acce$erated at 4 %t,s)+ F 4 kN 4 ..) &96 $"'2 F 4 19.) $" F N T 96 $" W 8a T

96 $" ? * * - 19.) $"4 4 %t,s ) ) -) %t,s

)
* 4 -/.7 $"

* = 19.) $" 4 1) $" ? ..1)/ *2 Critical Thin'ing )&estions

7-4.. 5n a $a"oratory e8peri!ent, the acce$eration o% a s!a$$ car is !eas#red "y the separation o% spots "#rned at re #$ar inter1a$s in a para%%in-coated tape. Lar er and $ar er wei hts are trans%erred %ro! the car to a han er at the end o% a tape that passes o1er a $i ht %riction$ess p#$$ey. 5n this !anner, the !ass o% the entire syste! is kept constant. Since the car !o1es on a hori<onta$ air track with ne $i i"$e %riction, the res#$tant %orce is e6#a$ to the wei hts at the end o% the tape. >he %o$$owin data are recorded7 *ei ht, N Acce$eration, !,s) ) 1.4 4 ).9 6 4.1 ( /.6 1. 7.1 1) (.4

P$ot a raph o% wei ht &%orce' 1ers#s acce$eration. *hat is the si ni%icance o% the s$ope o% this c#r1e+ *hat is the !ass+
Force, N 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 0 1 2 3

+he s#o0e is the chan$e in Force over the chan$e in acce#eration, which is the mass of the s)stem. +hus, the mass is found to 5e m = 1.4) k

F a
4 5 6
)

Acce$eration, !,s

74

Chapter 7 Newtons Second Law

Physics, 6th Edition

7-41. 5n the a"o1e e8peri!ent, a st#dent p$aces a constant wei ht o% 4 N at the %ree end o% the tape. Se1era$ r#ns are !ade, increasin the !ass o% the car each ti!e "y addin wei hts. *hat happens to the acce$eration as the !ass o% the syste! is increased+ *hat sho#$d the 1a$#e o% the prod#ct o% !ass and acce$eration "e %or each r#n+ 5s it necessary to inc$#de the !ass o% the constant 4 N wei ht in these e8peri!ents+ +he acce#eration increases with increasin$ mass. (ccordin$ to /ewton,s second #aw, the 0roduct of the tota# mass of the s)stem and the acce#eration must a#wa)s 5e e<ua# to the resu#tant force of 4 N for each run. It is necessar) to add the mass of the 4-N wei$ht to each of the runs 5ecause it is 0art of the tota# mass of the s)stem.

7-4). An arran e!ent si!i$ar to that descri"ed "y 3i . 7-1- is set #p e8cept that the !asses are rep$aced. *hat is the acce$eration o% the syste! i% the s#spended F' !ass is three ti!es that o% the !ass on the ta"$e and k 4 ..-. N T mg 8a T

F) = 0%

N = m$%

F = .N = .m$

For tota# s)stem a=

&m$ 6 .m$ = 1&m 8 m2a % 1& 6 .2m$ = = ma a = 6.6) !,s)

&mg

&- . ' $ &- - ..-'&9.( ! , s) ' = 4 4

7-4-. >hree !asses, ) k , 4 k , and 6 k , are connected &in order' "y strin s and h#n %ro! the cei$in with another strin so that the $ar est !ass is in the $owest position. *hat is the tension in each cord+ 5% they are then detached %ro! the cei$in , what !#st "e the tension in the top strin in order that the syste! acce$erate #pward at 4 !,s)+ 5n the $atter case what are the tensions in the strin s that connect !asses+ A B
4k )k

C
6k

7/

Chapter 7 Newtons Second Law

Physics, 6th Edition

7-4-. &Cont.' +he tension in each strin$ is due on#) to the wei$hts :>?'W the strin$. +hus, +C = &6 k '&9.( !,s)' 4 /(.( N 2 +: = &6 k ? 4 k '&9.( !,s)' 4 9(.. N 2 11( N
a = 8 = m7s2

+( = &6 k ? 4 k ? ) k '&9.( !,s)' 4 /ow consider the u0ward acce#eration of 4 !,s2. 3y 4 .2 +( 4 &) k ? 4 k ? 6 k '&4 !,s)'2
)

A
)k

>A 4 4( N
)

B C

4k 6k

+: = &4 k ? 6 k '&4 !,s ' 4 4. N 2 >C 4 &6 k '&4 !,s ' 4 )4 N

7-44. An (.-k astrona#t on a space wa$k p#shes a ainst a )..-k so$ar pane$ that has "eco!e dis$od ed %ro! a spacecra%t. >he %orce ca#ses the pane$ to acce$erate at ) !,s). *hat acce$eration does the astrona#t recei1e+ Ao they contin#e to acce$erate a%ter the p#sh+ +he force on the so#ar 0ane# F0 is e<ua# and o00osite that on the astronaut Fa. F0 = m0a0% Fa = maaa % aa = m0 a 0 ma = +hus, m0a0 = 6 maaa % so#ve for aa a = - / !,s)

&).. k '&) ! , s) ' 2 (. k

(cce#eration e9ists on#) whi#e a force is a00#ied, once the force is removed, 5oth astronaut and so#ar 0ane# move in o00osite directions at the s0eeds o5tained when contact is 5ro.en.. 7-4/. A 4..-$" s$ed s$ides down a hi$$ &k 4 ..)' inc$ined at an an $e o% 6... *hat is the nor!a$ %orce on the s$ed+ *hat is the %orce o% kinetic %riction+ *hat is the res#$tant %orce down the hi$$+ *hat is the acce$eration+ 5s it necessary to know the wei ht o% the s$ed to deter!ine its acce$eration+ 3y 4 0% N = * cos 6.. 4 .2 N 4 &4.. $"'cos 6.. 4 ).. $" 2 F 4 kN 4 &..)'&).. $"'2 F 4 4. $" 76 ?a
6.. * 4 ! 4 4.. $"

F
6..

Chapter 7 Newtons Second Law 38 4 W sin 6.. = F = 1=00 $"'sin 6.. = 4. $"2 7-4/ &Cont.2 Since F* 4 ma% we note that 3; 4 -.6 $"

Physics, 6th Edition

W sin "00 6 .W = 1W7$2a% +hus, the wei$ht

divides out and it is not necessar) for determinin$ the resu#tant acce#eration. @7-46. >hree !asses, m1 = 1. k , m2 = ( k , and m& = 6 k , are connected as shown in 3i . 716. Ne $ectin %riction, what is the acce$eration o% the syste!+ *hat are the tensions in the cord on the $e%t and in the cord on the ri ht+ *o#$d the acce$eration "e the sa!e i% the !idd$e !ass m2 were re!o1ed+ +ota# mass of s)stem = 110 8 8 8"2 = )4 k *esu#tant Force on s)stem = m1$ 3 m&$ +he norma# force N 5a#ances m2$% 3 4 m+a m1$ 3 m&$ = 1m1 8 m2 8m&2a % &)4 k 'a 4 9(.. N = /(.( N2 +(
1. k

+(

+:

? +:
6k

m2$
(k

m1$

m&$

&1. k '&9.( !,s)' = &6 k '&9.( !,s)' 4 &)4 k ' a a = 1.6- !,s) 2 +he acce#eration is not affected 5) m2. +( = m1$ 3 m1a

+o find +( a00#) F = m1a to 1.6k !ass7 m1$ 3 +( = m1a % +( = m11$ 3 a2 = &1. k '&9.( !,s2 1.6- !,s)'2 /ow a00#) to "-k !ass7 +: 3 m&$ = m&a%

+( = (1.7 N

+: = m&$ 8 m&a

+: = &6 k '&9.( !,s2 + 1.6- !,s)' %

+: 4 6(.6 N

@7-47. Ass#!e that k % ..- "etween the !ass m2 and the ta"$e in 3i . 7-16. >he !asses m2 and F N m& are ( and 6 k , respecti1e$y. *hat !ass m1 is +: +( ? ? re6#ired to ca#se the syste! to acce$erate to the +: +( m2$ ) $e%t at ) !,s + & F 4 km2$ acts to ri$ht. 2 6k (k m $ m1$ & (00#) F = m+a to tota# s)stem, #eft is 0ositive.

77

Chapter 7 Newtons Second Law m1$ 3 F 3 m&$ = 1m1 8 m2 8m&2a % F 4 km2$ = 0.&&( k '&9.( !,s)'2

Physics, 6th Edition F 4 )-./ N

m1&9.( !,s)' = )-./ N - &6 k '&9.( !,s)' 4 &m1 8 14 k '&) !,s)' 9.( m1 3 )-./ k = /(.( k 4 )m1 8 28 k 2 m1 = 14.1 k

@7-4(. A "$ock o% #nknown !ass is i1en a p#sh #p a 4.. inc$ined p$ane and then re$eased. 5t 8 F contin#es to !o1e #p the p$ane &?' at an acce$eration o% =9 !,s). *hat is the coe%%icient o% kinetic %riction+ Since 5#oc. is movin$ u0 0#ane, F is directed down 0#ane. F 4 kN 2 3y 4 .2 N 4 ! cos 4..2 F 4 k! cos 4.. 38 4 !a2 -F - m$ sin 4.. 4 ma2 -.m$ cos 4.. - m$ sin 4.. 4 ma
4.
.

F
4..

m$

a = 6.$ cos 4.. - $ sin 4.. 2

-9 !,s) 4 -k&9.( !,s)' cos 4.. - &9.( !,s)' sin 4..

So#vin$ for . we o5tain

. = ..-6.

@7-49. B$ock A in 3i . 7-17 has a wei ht o% 64 $". *hat !#st "e the wei ht o% "$ock B i% B$ock A !o1es #p the p$ane with an acce$eration o% 6 %t,s). Ne $ect %riction. 38 4 ma7 *B = *A sin 6.. 4 &m( 8 m:2 a N W + W: W: W( sin 6.o = ( $ a % a 6 %t,s ) = = ..1(( $ -) %t,s )
6.. *A 4 64 $"

T
6..

?a T *B

W: 3 &64 $"'&..(66' 4 ..1((&64 $" ? *B' W: 3 //.4 $" 4 1).. $" ? ..1((*B 2 *B 4 (-.. $"

@7-/.. >he !ass o% "$ock B in 3i . 7-17 is 4 k . *hat !#st "e the !ass o% "$ock A i% it is to !o1e down the p$ane at an acce$eration o% ) !,s)+ Ne $ect %riction. 38 4 ma7 m($ sin 6.. - mB 4 &m( 8 m:2 a
6. 6.
. .

?a T

&9.( !,s)'&..(66'm( 3 &4 k '&9.( !,s)' 4 m(1) !,s)' ? &4 k '&) !,s)' 7(

m($

m:$

Chapter 7 Newtons Second Law (.49 m( = -9.) k 4 ) m( ? ( k 2 m( 4 7.)( k

Physics, 6th Edition

@7-/1. Ass#!e that the !asses A and B in 3i . 7-17 are 4 k and 1. k , respecti1e$y. >he coe%%icient o% kinetic %riction is ..-. 3ind the acce$eration i% &a' the syste! is initia$$y !o1in #p the p$ane, and &"' i% the syste! is initia$$y !o1in down the p$ane+ &a' With u0ward initia# motion, F is down the 0#ane. F 4 kN 2 3y 4 .2 N 4 m($ cos 6..2 F 4 km($ cos 6.. *esu#tant force on entire s)stem = tota# mass 9 acce#eration m:$ 3 m($ sin 6.. - km($ cos 6.. 4 &m( 8 m:'a N F
6..

T
6..

?a T

m($

m:$

&1. k '&9.( !,s)' = &4 k ' &9.( !,s)'&..(66' = ..-&1. k '&9.( !,s)'&../' 4 &14 k 'a 9( N = --.9 N = 14.7 N 4 &14 k 'a% or a 4 -./- !,s)

&"' If initia# motion is down the 0#ane, then F is u0 the 0#ane, 5ut the resu#tant force is sti## down the 0#ane. +he 5#oc. wi## side unti# it sto0s and then $oes the other wa).

F9 = ma%

m:$ 3 m($ sin 6.. ? km($ cos 6.. 4 &m( 8 m:'a 9( N = --.9 N ? 14.7 N 4 &14 k 'a

N F

T
6..

?a T

a 4 /.6- !,s)

+he $reater acce#eration resu#ts from

6..

the fact that the friction force is increasin$ the resu#tant force instead of decreasin$ it as was the case in 0art 1a2.

m($

m:$

79