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107

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1986

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1981
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271
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1980
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1979
25246
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1978
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2643
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168
90
556
33
63
1755
65
101
6
2366
237
38
25674

1977
11897
1505
3291
737
2218
999
551
86
464
161
72
1518
125
116
2
1635
264
33
25765

1976
11926
969
3870
597
2459
1649
161
58
352
64
30
1119
193
54
6
1989
269


26330

1975
14242
896
2599
436
2016
1578
346
29
236
80
26
1648
171
91
9
1761
162
4
21667

1974
9080
930
3686
426
1924
782
201
22
479


29
1713
148
85
37
1876
248
1
23858

1973
11397
764
3958
295
1669
935
260
36
268
98
16
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50
53
44
1896
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1
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1972
7741
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1834
264
1563
595
215
28
177
148
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37
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727
125
9
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1971
7617
242
1646
176
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400
36
181
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46
440
32
25


360
104
1
12077

1970
7589
300
1310
213
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373
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29
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32
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355
111
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Source: *
1. For the Period 1970
1976: United Nations Centre on Transnational Corporations: Transnational Corporations in World
Development: Third Survey. United Nations, N. Y., 1983. P. 285
2. For the Period 1977
1983: United Nations Centre on Transnational Corporations: Trends and Issues in Foreign Direct Investment
and Related Flows: A Technical Paper. United Nations. N. Y., 1985. P. 92.
. 012 0 3 !# 4567 8
 9: ;<62 =>' ? @ A# B +,2 8
 =>' ;<62 9#2 @ A

1982
4858
423
4439
908
3290
2844
1029
148
63
80
230
1892
305
509
10
4526
730
85

1983
4928
4547
3886
1058
3143
1700
2128
184
358
160
259
1517
354
243
18
3603
636
77

(1)
 

(
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5396.7

2028.4

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980.6

36612.7

27494.8

10854.8

4885.9

7654.3

5249.1

2187.9

3230.4

3097.6

35149.1

22051

1056.6

855.1

29872.7

1437.2

678.3

3082.3

6313.9

2310.5

3712.7

15737

1977

1888

565.9

4059

7446.9

2501.5

7900.1

22425.8

1978

1975

2288.7

1709.6

302.3

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1364.7

2634.7

14069 19706.9

1086.4

1690.2

431.8

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1453.5

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11238.1 11942.4

1976

1973

468.5

1425.8

603.2

2389

3978.1

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2801.5

18438.9 16048.5

3557.4

1445.6

689.1

1894.2

508.7

1997.6

4762.5

17930.2 12070.3

1974

133.4

561.7

852.5

1555.6

2863.5

1078.2

366.1

7950.6

1971

12899.3 10814.1

192.2

780.6

570.0

1019.5

2585.1

1017.3

955.4

10314.2

1972

9740

142

486

369

815

1834

850

1646

7906

1970

Third Survey. P.286.

Source : United Nations Centre on Transnationl, Corporations, Transnational Corporations in World Development.

1979

1980

*(
 
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1979



74.4 29.0 73 28.8 67.1 27.1 100 16.5 72.0 37.3 100 44.4 77.4 36.7 100 47.5 74.1 29.1 100 49.4

Source : U N Centre On Transnational Corporations : Trends and Issues in Foreign Direct Investment. P. 18. *

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Source : Calculated from Centre On Transnational Corporations Transnational Corporations in World Development.
Third Survey. 'Table II, 1, P.285 and Table II. 12, P.297. Figures for 1981 are derived from C T C : Trends and Issues in Foreign
Direct
Investment and Related Issues. Table II. 3, p. 92.

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.
124

125

5072

5936

13986

3974

35828

5192

1381

10191

2269+

15928

680

6420

581+

3315+

19900 17148

6243

3795 11691

4555

120

3506

1913

 

43315

4764

16932

5488

6793

5630

3707







1982

1018

9704

1928+

2523

 

4637+

26167 22505

8079

5241 15825

4808

373

6211

1794





51412

4208

21546

5645

10094

5690

4229







1981

3202+

4593

1104

7016

1302+

4697

 

28907 12945

8845

5721

4627

390

7618

1706





34043

3959

8057

4974

7313

4814

4926







1980

21097

7161

3464

3870

257

6116

229





Flows. Op
cit. Table III
3. P.30 and Table III
2. P.27 (Calculated).

*Source : U.N. Centre On Transnational Corporations. Trends and Issues in Foreign Direct Investment and Related

3303

203+

1921





3557







1636

 

1983

*1983
80 ( 
 
)  
  !"

( 1 ) #$


()

#$ &
'

#$ 
% 

 

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- :

A .
A A
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A .
126

A A A A .

.
t
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%.

% %
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127

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% % .
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7
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128

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129

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130

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131

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132

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133

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D ) .(
.

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.

A A
t A .
D
A
A A A A .
D
%
134

) .( A
:
.
A A
{
A A A ..

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A .

: :

7 A
.

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DA A
7 D A
A
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A

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A A . t
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A
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135

.

.
.state-system
D A
A
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A . ..
7
A ).(

- -
.

{ A
.

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D
A A
.

)( )(

A
A
:
136


 
)(2
        

*     ! " # $%& '#
1978

1980

1982

1984

 
  1

9.1

59.9

97.2

39.0

     2

20.7

37.1

62.1

62.0

   3

28.4

22.8

35.1

23.0

!"# $%# &  4

32.0

31.1

16.0

12.5

%'( ) *   5

7.3

9.9

11.8

8.0

     6

9.1

13.3

12.6

11.5

   7

1.8

3.4

0.8

3.5

*Source : U.N. Centre On Transnational Corporations. Trends

and Issues in Foreign Direct Investment Op
cit. Table 111
6.

A D D A
A A .


.
7
.
A .
A
. A .
.
.
A D A

137

. A
A A ).(

.
.
A
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.
t
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A A .

.

138

). (
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.
139

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.

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t A
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7

.
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140

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.

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A
A .
A



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A

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A .

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A
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141

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.
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t A
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142

5

7
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143

.
:
A D
.

: :

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D .

.
A A.

.
A D D .
t A
A D A .

.

%
.
% % .
% A.
% %
7 .
A ) D A
144

D (
. %
% % .
. %
% .()
% A
% ).(
A

D D .
A
A .
A
.
% %
).(
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D .
A
A

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A ) (
. t
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.

A A A A A
.
145

A
A ):(














 

17.9

39.1

43.0

100

 

19.6

47.6

32.8

100

 


9.5

60.4

30.1

100



24

50.8

25.2

100

A
A .

D A
:
A
A .

.
A
A
A .

% % .
D D % %
% % A
% % ).(
146

 
)(1

       

'  ! "#$ %&'   *+, -
*1983 / 77
1977

1980

1981

1983


 

35.8

33.4

34.5

36.1

 

55.1

.

42.5

.

 


61.9

63.7

62.7

64.2



41

43.2

38.3

36.3

*Source : U.N. Centre On Transnational Corporations. Trends

and Issues. P. 76.

A A


. t
{
.

t
{ t
.
D
t D D

.
147

.

- - -
A A A . D

% A A A
A % A A % .

A A A .

.
:
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t
A
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A

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A

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.
148

t
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).(
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7
A .


. .

.
.

7 A

A .
D
A

149

:
A .
A A A


) .(



7
A
.

. D A .

. % A
% % %
.
% % % %
A )(
).(

t

A . D A
A

.
A A
150

A A .
A 7
automation,
A A
.

. D
) .(

. D

A A .

D A
) .(

.
.
.
D A
.

.

A .
A %

%
151

.() %
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t
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{

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A A A .

A
) .( A

. A
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.

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A

152

A
A .
A A
. A D
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) .(
A D

A ).(

.

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t A
.

7

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A
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: :

A .
153

A .
A
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.

.

: A A
.


.

. A

.
A

A 7
A A
A . A
.
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take over .
A A
A A . A

.entry strategy
154

A
.
A D D

.. A

) ( -
A
.% ) ( -
.%

%

.% -
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% %
) ( - % ) ( - % )-
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155

.
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A .
t
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A % A
A
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.
A 7 A
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.
A A 7 A .

A
) .(
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156

A A A A
. A A

D A D
.
A
A A
A . A A
. A A
A
A
) .( A A A
A 7
A A
A . )
A
.

).(

A
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A.
A
.

Technological
157

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193

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.

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) (
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A .
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%
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. disinvestment
) .( - A
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.

194

195

350

60

28

3.3

0.9

4.3

250

3.9

3300

150

70

215

150

50

100

160

70

130

260

55

325

5852

56.4

2.6

1.1

3.7

2.6

0.8

1.7

2.7

1.1

2.2

4.4

0.9

5.5

530

217

2900

50

60

100

50

50

100

100

50

100

245

60

300

490

195

4850

59.8

1.2

1.2

6.2

10.1



1976

%
70

4000

200

55

650

160

100

650

35

120

365

50

300

630

7390

54.1

2.7

0.7

8.8

2.2

1.4

8.8

0.4

1.6

4.9

0.7

8.5



1975
0.9

%
95

3030

200

50

400

130

150

150

620

30

200

315

40

340

750

6500

46.6

0.8

6.2

2.3

2.3

9.5

0.4

4.8

0.6

5.2

11.5



1974
1.5

41.1

3.1

0.4

12.6

1.3

1.4

1.4

9.1

0.2

2.1

4.2

3.3

15.6

1.1

8756

3600

275

35

1100

110

120

125

800

25

185

260

370

285

11365

100



1973
100

1700

250

35

1050

100

110

110

725

25

185

200

350

250

1560

8751

12.8

2.8

0.4

12

1.1

1.2

1.2

8.3

0.2

2.2

2.8

18.8



1972
1.1

%
88

3700

246

35

980

100

80

100

650

25

185

175

350

240

1400

8354

44.2

2.9

0.4

11.7

1.2

0.9

1.2

7.7

0.2

2.2

4.1

2.8

16.7



1971
1

*Source : Extracted from U. N. Centre on Transnational Corporations. A Third Survey. Table II. 4. pp. 289
290.

6425

3620

150

2.3

56.3

50

0.8

70

100

1.5

190

180

2.8

70

150

2.3

660

3.7

245

3.8

10.3



1977

1978



( 1 ) '+
,!

*(
 
) 1978  71  
      
  !

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,-

*+

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.
A
D
.
{
A A .

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7
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D
A
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A
.
A .

.
A
.

A A
.t
.

196

197

426.4

50.4

138.2

2064.6

58.1

2737.7

44.3

148.4

5720.2

687.1

6600

5759.2

729.9

4512.2

105.2

48.8

358.1

1978

5325.1

804.4

4079.3

112.1

11.7

23.9

276.7

1977

4115.8

445.6

3280.0

20.2

121.2

12.7

27.7

205.5

2.3

1976

2719.6

190.6

2123.5

58.3

92.3

6.1

34.0

210.0

4.9

1975

5731.8

413.7

4977.7

8.4

96.2

6.0

26.5

199.7

3.6

1974

2858.1

174.1

2118.4

1.1

13.1

82.3

8.3

31.6

426.8

2.4

1973

1451.6

38.0

1125.9

1.1

22.8

5.4

30.6

237.8

1972

2720.9

42.0

1436.3

1.0

622.9

3.0

12.0

16.0

571.7

1971

2106

119.0

893.0

1.0

480.0

28.0

5.0

4.0

12.0

564.0

1970



$%

!"#



 















Table II. 4. pp.289
290.

& () = .

*Source : Extracted and Calculated from U. N. Centre On Transnational Corporations .. A Third Survey.

1979

1980

*(,- % .
) (1980 / 70) 34  5


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A A
. D A

A
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{ A
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A A .
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)(
A A
A.
A D .

A
.
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:
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7
.
.

198

A
A
.
.
A A A
A
A
t A . .
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A
A .
7
D
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199

A .
Marubendi
. t
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A A).(
A
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.
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D A
A
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A A A
A . - - A

200

201

#$

2(2)

1)
1

4(1

 

 


Shell

Mobil

Chevron

Texaco

Exxon

Amoco

GLF

CFP

Gulf

BP

 

10



. +,- !%' = 5 ( / : ;< > ?@ = 4 ( !>%>@A B@ = 3 (  = 2 (
#  !,> B@> ?@ = 1 ( CD = )

4(1

3
2
1

5(1

4(2)

4(2)

3(1

)
)

5(4(1

     

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1()

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Table III. 1.P 94.

*Source : Taken from : Giacomo Luciani. The Oil Companies and the Arab World. London, Croom Helm, 1984,

%&'

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202

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490

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381

585

367

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224

312

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330

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103.5

20.4

220.3

76.9

462.6

187

967.2

152.4

104.5

0.3

4.8

21.4

"!

342.8

208.4

1187.8

234.1

588.5

# . 2

   

660.3

140.2

1169

172.4

53.9

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990.3

1027

6876.6

100.8

554.1

  

69.9

33.2

388.8

56.4

77

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1720.5

1200.4

8434.4

329.6

685

(
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51.3

198.9

2383.9

0.4

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224.8

190

3089.9

501.3

13.1

  

45

49.8

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156.7

  

82.6

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321.1

195

3338.6

2888.4

35

   

1130.9

171

305.6

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98.5

104

580.8

91.7

53.2

  

46.9

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1276.3

275

886.4

177.6

53.5

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3695.5

1088.4

1450.7

307.3

524.3

,

   

1818.1

384.1

1724.9

342.8

945.4

  

287.1

6.3

89.5

33.9

219.5

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5800.7

1478.8

3265.1

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552.5

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52.5

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606.8

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223.6

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647.9

26.9

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216.3

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2214.8

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1321.1

31.1

864.4

C+D

  

117.6

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23.4

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2980.3

53.9

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3417.9

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4597.3

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24.6

546.9

974.9

356.1

414.5

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417.1

5.1

3836.7

20.4

5141.2

7171.8

446.6

210.1

248.8

1038.7

148.9

5994.3

31.3

110.9

283.8

49.9

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2.2

334.8

4.7

927.7

76.3

5799

8430.5

852.6

624.6

464.8

1790.6

158.7

20758.7

51.8

844.5

2202.8

627.7

735.8

127.1

640.8

114.3

7540.6

837.8

5314.8

1822.2

4198.1

3173.8

250.4

3337

9.5

38592.4

10.3

439.7

10696.3

176.7

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31.8

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1.9

12061.6

899.9

6599

24721.3

5002.5

3915.8

509.3

4051.4

125.7

58194.6

126.6

438.2

564.4

473.1

267.5

8.2

132.9

0.7

4651.1

156.8

3209

6153.7

1484.9

1526.2

624.4

479.4

6.2

17659.7

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18.9

527.2

230.9

57.8

16.5

290.7

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1261.5

283.4

3666.1

7245.3

2188.9

1851.5

649.1

903

6.9

23573.3

436.7

1827.9

1292.6

138.5

607.9

54

136.3

359

6546.6

1251.4

682.4

180.3

336.3

91.4

198.2

2.6

3677.8

1.6

510.2

7.6

3.1

0.9

0.8

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571.1

443.7

3080.9

2485.2

326.4

947.3

146.3

335.3

361.6

10795.5

256.8

6534.3

10561.2

1825

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*Source U. N. Centre On Transnational Corporations... A Third Sur

vey. Table II. 13. pp.308
309, Table II. 14. pp 312
312., and Table II.
20, pp. 337
339.

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250

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