VN DNG EN 1991-1-4 TNH TON TI TRNG GI

LN CNG TRNH XY DNG VIT NAM

ThS. NGUYN MNH CNG
Vin KHCN Xy dng
Tm tt: Ngy nay, vi xu hng hi nhp Quc t, h thng tiu chun chu u c ng dng rng
ri khng ch trong phm vi cc nc thnh vin y ban cng ng chu u m cn c chp nhn nhiu
quc gia trn th gii bao gm c Vit Nam. c bit nm 2006, B Xy dng cho ban hnh tiu chun
TCXDVN 375:2006 Thit k cng trnh chu ng t c bin son da trn c s chp nhn EN 1998 c
b sung thay th cc phn mang tnh c th ca Vit Nam. Do , m bo tnh ng b khi thit k kt
cu cng trnh c k n ti trng ng t tnh theo tiu chun TCXDVN 375:2006, ti trng tc ng do gi
vo cng trnh cng nn tnh ton theo tiu chun tng ng l EN 1991-1-4. Bi bo ny trnh by quy trnh
tnh ton v cc im chnh cn lu khi p dng tiu chun EN 1991-1-4 tnh ton ti trng gi ln cng
trnh xy dng Vit Nam.
T kha: Ti trng gi, vn tc gi, h s p lc gi, dng a hnh, thnh phn tnh, thnh phn ng,
EN:1991-1-4.
1. M u
EN 1991-1-4 l mt phn trong h thng cc tiu chun chung c y ban cng ng chu u ban hnh
nhm mc ch s dng nh l mt ti liu chung tnh ton thay th cho cc tiu chun ring ca tng quc
gia thnh vin. Ni dung ca EN 1991-1-4 l ch dn tnh ton ti trng tc ng do gi vo kt cu cng trnh.
im c th ca cc tiu chun nm trong h thng tiu chun chung chu u EN l c xy dng
trn nguyn tc a ra cc gi thit, nhng ch dn tnh ton chung km theo cc quy nh k thut cht ch.
Trn c s khi p dng, mi nc phi c nhng nghin cu ph hp vi nhng iu kin thc t ring ca
mnh (Anh c BS EN, Php c NF EN,). p dng EN 1991-1-4 vo Vit Nam cng phi da trn nguyn
tc . Hin nay, chng ta cha c iu kin trin khai cc nghin cu c bn v tc ng ca gi, nht l cc
nghin cu thc nghim xc nh quy lut thay i h s cao, h s thay i xung p lc ng, ng vi
cc dng a hnh. V vy, khi p dng EN 1991-1-4 vo Vit Nam chng ta s tun th phng php tnh ton
trong tiu chun gc v thc hin x l cc s liu u vo ng vi cc iu kin ca Vit Nam cho ph hp.
2. Tnh ton ti trng tc ng do gi theo EN 1991-1-4
2.1 Vn tc v p lc gi
a) Phn chia dng a hnh
EN 1991-1-4 phn chia a hnh ra lm 05 dng v c k hiu t 0 n IV. nh ngha chi tit cho tng
loi a hnh v cc thng s c trng (chiu di nhm z0, chiu cao nh nht zmin) nh trong bng 1. Dng a
hnh chun c quy c l dng a hnh II (ng vi nhm z0 = 0.05m).
Bng 1. Loi a hnh v cc thng s a hnh (Ngun bng 4.1[12])
Dng a hnh

zo, m

zmin, m

0 - bin hoc khu vc gip ranh vi bin

0.003

0.01

0.05

0.3

1.0

10

I - h hoc khu vc nm ngang vi thm thc vt chu che chn l

khng ng k
II - Khu vc vi thm thc vt thp nh: c v b c lp (Cy, cc ta
nh) vi s cch ly t nht l 20 ln cao chng ngi vt
III - Khu vc c bao bc bi cc thm thc vt hoc cng trnh vi
khong cch ly ln nht l 20 ln cao chng ngi vt, nh lng
mc, vng ngoi
IV - Khu vc trong t nht 15% b mt ca cng trnh c bao ph
v che chn bi cc cng trnh vi cao trung bnh trn 15m

Tiu chun TCVN 2737 : 1995 [3] phn chia a hnh thnh 03 dng k hiu l A, B v C. Dng a hnh

chun c quy c l dng a hnh B (a hnh tng i trng tri, c mt s vt cn tha tht cao khng
qu 10m vng ngoi t nh, th trn, lng mc, rng tha hoc rng non, vng trng cy tha,). Nh vy
gia tiu chun TCVN 2737 : 1995 v EN 1991-1-4 c s khc nhau v phn chia dng a hnh, EN 1991-1-4
phn chia a hnh ra lm nhiu dng hn.
Xem xt qu trnh pht trin ca tiu chun ti trng v tc ng ca Vit Nam, phin bn TCVN
2737:1990[2] tuy c bin son da trn phng php tnh ton nh tiu chun SNiP II-6-74[16] ca Nga (s
dng vn tc gi trung bnh trong 2 pht) nhng c s thay i v cch phn loi dng a hnh. Phn loi dng
a hnh c da theo tiu chun c AS 1170.2-1983[8] theo phn thnh 3 dng: A, B, C trong B l
dng a hnh chun. n phin bn TCVN 2737:1995[3], cch phn loi dng a hnh ny vn c gi li,
tuy nhin phng php tnh li c iu chnh theo tiu chun Nga SNiP 2.01.07.85. Qua phn tch trn, ta c
th thy cch phn loi dng a hnh ca tiu chun Vit Nam TCVN 2737:1995 l da trn cch phn dng
a hnh ca tiu chun c AS 1170.2-1983[8], dng a hnh B ca tiu chun Vit Nam tng ng vi dng
a hnh 2 ca tiu chun c.
Phn tch su v cch phn loi dng a hnh ca tiu chun c, ti liu [14] ch ra c s phn chia dng
a hnh trong tiu chun C AS 1170.2-1989[9] ng theo cc gi tr chiu di nhm nh bng sau:
Bng 2. Chiu di nhm tng ng vi mt s dng a hnh [14]
Dng a hnh

zo, m

Dng a hnh 1: a hnh rt phng (tuyt, sa mc)

0.001 ~ 0.005

Dng a hnh 2: a hnh m (ng c, t cy)

0.01 ~ 0.05

Dng a hnh 3: a hnh ngoi (nh cao 3 ~ 5 m)

0.1 ~ 0.5

Dng a hnh 4: a hnh th (nh cao 10 ~ 30 m)

1~5

Cc s liu bng 1 v 2 cho thy dng a hnh II ca tiu chun EN c chiu di nhm ph hp vi chiu
di nhm dng a hnh 2 ca tiu chun c (bng gii hn cn trn). Thm mt c s khc khng nh iu
ny l mc 4.12 TCXD 229 :1999[4] ch r nhm ca dng a hnh B l z0 = 0.05m (trng khp vi gi
tr nhm dng a hnh II trong bng 1). Nh vy, qua cc phn tch v so snh trn, chng ta c c s
xem dng a hnh B theo tiu chun Vit Nam tng ng vi dng a hnh II theo tiu chun EN.
b) Vn tc gi c bn [1] [3] [12]
Gi tr vn tc gi c bn trong tiu chun EN c xc nh thng qua gi tr vn tc gi tiu chun
tham chiu vb,0, l gi tr vn tc gi o c trung bnh trong 10 pht khng phn bit hng gi v thi gian
ca nm vi xc sut vt mt ln trong 50 nm cao 10m k t mt t khu vc c dng a hnh II. Gi
tr vn tc gi c bn c xc nh theo cng thc (1).
vb = Cdir * Cseason * vb,o

(1)

Trong :
vb - gi tr vn tc gi c bn c nh ngha l i lng ph thuc vo hng gi v thi im trong
nm;
Cdir - h s k n nh hng ca hng, xem ghi ch 1;
Cseason - h s k n yu t theo ma, xem ghi ch 2;
vb,0 - gi tr vn tc gi c bn theo ph lc quc gia.
Ghi ch 1: gi tr ca cc yu t hng, Cdir, cho cc hng gi khc nhau c th tm thy trong cc ph lc
quc gia, trong trng hp khng c ly gi tr bng 1.
Ghi ch 2: gi tr ca cc yu t hng, Cseason, cho cc hng gi khc nhau c th tm thy trong cc ph

lc quc gia, trong trng hp khng c ly gi tr bng 1.

Theo Quy chun QCVN 02:2009/BXD [1], ta c p lc gi tiu chun cao 10m, ng vi vn tc gi c
ly trung bnh trong 3 giy, b vt 1 ln trong 20 nm, dng a hnh B (W(20y,3,B)) nh trong bng 3.
Bng 3. p lc gi tiu chun (W(20y,3,B)) ng vi cc vng p lc gi
Vng p lc gi trn
bn
2

W(20y,3,B) (daN/m )

II

III

IA

IB

IIA

IIB

IIIA

IIIB

55

65

83

95

110

125

IV

155

185

T cc s liu trong bng 3 ta xc nh c vn tc gi tiu chun cao 10m, ng vi vn tc gi

c ly trung bnh trong 3 giy, b vt 1 ln trong 20 nm, dng a hnh B (v(20y,3,B)) nh trong bng 4
2
(tnh ngc t cng thc W0=0.0613vo ).
Bng 4. Vn tc gi tiu chun v(20y,3,B) ng vi cc vng p lc gi
Vng p lc gi trn
bn
v(20y,3,B) (m/s)

II

III

IA

IB

IIA

IIB

IIIA

IIIB

29.95

32.56

36.80

39.37

42.36

45.16

IV

50.28

54.94

Nh vy tnh ton ti trng gi theo EN ta phi chuyn i s liu u vo vn tc gi t v(20y,3,B) sang

v(50y,10,II) - Vn tc gi cao 10m, ng vi vn tc gi c ly trung bnh trong 10 pht, b vt 1 ln trong
50 nm, dng a hnh II (vb).
Quy i vn tc gi trung bnh trong 3 giy sang vn tc gi trung bnh trong 10 pht c tra theo th
hnh 1.

Hnh 1. th lin h vn tc trung bnh trong cc khong thi gian

(Ngun hnh 2.3.10 [13])

v 600 1.065

= 0.698
v3
1.525

(2)

Quy i vn tc gi vi chu k lp 20 nm sang vn tc gi vi chu l lp trong 50 nm c xc nh theo

cng thc (3) Theo (4.2)[12].
v50y =

1.2 v20y

(3)

Theo phn tch trong phn a) mc 2.1, dng a hnh B ca TCVN tng ng vi dng a hnh II
ca tiu chun EN do vn tc gi tnh trung bnh trong thi gian 10 pht vi chu k lp 50 nm ng
vi dng a hnh II c lin h vi vn tc gi trung bnh trong 3 giy vi chu k lp 20 nm ng vi
dng a hnh B theo biu thc (4).
vb = v(50y, 10, II) = 0.698* 1.2 *v(20y,3,B)

(4)

Gi tr vn tc c bn vb tng ng vi cc vng p lc gi trn lnh th Vit Nam c tng hp li trong

bng
5.

Bng 5. Vn tc gi c bn vb ng vi cc vng p lc gi
I

Vng p lc gi trn
bn
Vn tc vb (m/s)

II

III

IA

IB

IIA

IIB

IIIA

IIIB

22.90

24.90

28.14

30.10

32.39

34.53

IV

38.45

42.01

c) Vn tc gi hiu dng theo cao [12]

Vn tc gi hiu dng vm(z) cao z trn mt a hnh ph thuc vo nhm (g gh) a hnh v vn tc
gi c bn (vb) c xc nh theo biu thc (5).
vm(z) = Cr(z) * C0(z) * vb
(5)
Trong :
Cr(z) - h s thay i vn tc gi theo cao v dng a hnh, xc nh theo mc c;
C0(z) - h s orography, ly bng 1.0 ngoi tr trng hp c cc ghi ch khc.
d) H s thay i vn tc gi theo cao v dng a hnh [12]
H s thay i vn tc gi theo cao v dng a hnh, Cr(z), l h s c trng cho s thay thi ca vn
tc hiu dng gi trn b mt kt cu do:
- cao trn mt t;
- nhm mt t pha trc hng gi theo phng gi c xem xt.
Gi tr Cr(z) cao z c cho bi biu thc sau trn c s ca mt hm s logarit:

z
z vi trng hp zmin z zmax
o

Cr(z) = kr * ln

(6)

Cr(z) = Cr(zmin) vi trng hp z zmin

(7)
Trong :
z0 - chiu di nhm, ly theo bng 1;
kr - yu t a hnh ph thuc vo chiu di nhm z0, c xc nh theo biu thc (8).

z
kr = 0.19 * 0
z
o , II

0.07

(8)

Trong :
z0,II = 0.05m;
zmax - gi tr chiu cao ln nht, c ly gi tr l 200m, ngoi tr c ghi ch khc;
zmin - gi tr chiu cao nh nht c ly theo bng 1.
Vi cc cng trnh nh cao tng c zmin z zmax, h s gi tr Cr(z) c tng hp nh trong bng 6.
Bng 6. Gi tr Cr(z) theo chiu cao v cc dng a hnh
Dng a hnh
cao z(m)
3
5
10
15
20
30
40
50
60
80
100
120
150
180
200

II

III

IV

1.08
1.16
1.27
1.33
1.37
1.44
1.48
1.52
1.55
1.59
1.63
1.65
1.69
1.72
1.73

0.97
1.05
1.17
1.24
1.29
1.36
1.41
1.45
1.48
1.53
1.56
1.59
1.63
1.66
1.68

0.78
0.87
1.01
1.08
1.14
1.22
1.27
1.31
1.35
1.40
1.44
1.48
1.52
1.56
1.58

0.61
0.61
0.76
0.84
0.90
0.99
1.05
1.10
1.14
1.20
1.25
1.29
1.34
1.38
1.40

0.54
0.54
0.54
0.63
0.70
0.80
0.86
0.92
0.96
1.03
1.08
1.12
1.17
1.22
1.24

e) H s thay i p lc gi theo cao [12]

p lc gi theo cao qp(z) cao z c xc nh theo cng thc:
qp(z) = [1+7*I v(z)]/2**vm2(z) = Ce(z) * qp
Trong :

(9)

- t trng kh quyn, = 1.25 kg/m ;

qp - gi tr p lc gi tiu chun c xc nh theo cng thc:
qp = 1/2 * * vb2

(10)

Ce(z) - h s m rng c xc nh theo cng thc:

2

Ce(z) = Cr (z) * [( 1 + 7*Iv(z)]

(11)

Iv(z) - mt hm c trng ri c nh ngha bng biu thc sau:

Iv(z) =

v
ki
vi trng hp zmin z zmax

Vm ( z ) ln( z / z 0 )

Iv(z) = Iv(zmin)

vi trng hp z zmin

(12)

(13)

(ki: ly gi tr bng 1)
Vi cc cng trnh nh cao tng c zmin z zmax, Ce(z) c tng hp trong bng 7.
Bng 7. Gi tr Ce(z) theo chiu cao v cc dng a hnh
Dng a hnh
cao Z(m)
3
5
10
15
20
30
40
50
60
80
100
120
150
180
200

II

III

IV

2.34
2.60
2.98
3.22
3.39
3.64
3.82
3.96
4.08
4.27
4.42
4.54
4.69
4.82
4.90

2.09
2.37
2.77
3.02
3.20
3.46
3.66
3.81
3.94
4.14
4.30
4.44
4.60
4.74
4.82

1.64
1.93
2.35
2.62
2.81
3.09
3.30
3.47
3.61
3.83
4.01
4.15
4.34
4.49
4.58

1.28
1.28
1.71
1.98
2.18
2.48
2.70
2.88
3.02
3.26
3.45
3.61
3.81
3.98
4.07

1.18
1.18
1.18
1.44
1.64
1.94
2.17
2.34
2.49
2.74
2.93
3.10
3.30
3.48
3.58

Gi tr p lc gi tiu chun tng ng vi cc vng p lc gi trn lnh th Vit Nam c cho trong bng 8.
Bng 8. p lc gi tiu chun (qp) theo cc vng p lc gi lnh th Vit Nam
I

Vng p lc gi
trn bn
2

qp (daN/m )

II

III

IA

IB

IIA

IIB

IIIA

IIIB

32.78

38.75

49.48

56.63

65.57

74.51

IV

92.39

110.28

2.2 Tc ng ca gi
a) p lc gi ln b mt cng trnh [12]
p lc gi tc dng vo b mt bn ngoi cng trnh, We, c xc nh theo biu thc (14).
We = qp(ze) * Cpe

(14)

Trong :
qp(ze) - gi tr p lc gi theo cao;
Cpe - h s p lc gi cho cc mt bn ngoi, ch dn trong chng 7[12];
ze - chiu cao tham chiu cho p lc bn ngoi, ph thuc vo hnh dng v kch thc cng trnh.
p lc gi tc dng vo b mt bn trong cng trnh, Wi, c xc nh theo biu thc (15)
Wi = qp(zi) * Cpi
Trong :

(15)

qp(zi) - gi tr p lc gi theo cao;

Cpi - h s p lc gi cho cc mt bn trong, ch dn trong chng 7[12];
zi - chiu cao tham chiu cho p lc bn trong.
b) Ti trng gi [12]
- Ti trng gi tc dng ln ton b b mt kt cu hoc cc b phn kt cu c xc nh theo:
+ Tnh ton lc bng cch s dng cc h s lc, xem (2);
+ Tnh ton lc bng t cc gi tr p lc, xem (3).
- Ti trng gi tc dng vo kt cu hoc b phn ca kt cu khi s dng cc h s lc c xc nh
theo cng thc (16).
Fw = CsCd * Cf * qp(ze) * Aref

(16)

Hoc trn c s tng hp cc lc thnh phn theo cng thc (17).

Fw = CsCd *

* qp(ze) * Aref

(17)

element

Trong :
CsCd - h s ph thuc vo c im kt cu, xem mc 2.3;
Cf - h s p lc cho ton b kt cu hoc cc b phn kt cu, gi tr cho cc dng cng trnh xem chng
7,8[12];
Aref - din tch tham chiu ca kt cu hoc cc b phn kt cu.
- Ti trng gi, Fw, tc ng ln kt cu hoc b phn ca kt cu c th c xc nh bng cch tng hp
cc lc thnh phn Fw,e, Fw,i v Ffr tnh t p lc bn ngoi v bn trong bng cch s dng biu thc (18), (19)
v cc lc ma st do ma st ca dng gi thi song song vi cc b mt bn ngoi, c tnh bng cch s
dng biu thc (20).
+ Lc bn ngoi: Fw,e = Cs Cd *

* Aref (18)

surfaces

+ Lc bn trong: Fw,i = CsCd *

* Aref

(19)

surfaces

+ Lc ma st: Ffr = Cfr * qp(ze) * Afr

(20)

Trong :
CsCd - h s ph thuc vo c im kt cu, xem mc 2.3;
We - p lc bn ngoi ln b mt kt cu cao ze;
Wi - p lc bn trong ln b mt kt cu cao ze;
Aref - din tch tham chiu ca kt cu hoc cc b phn kt cu;
Cfr - h s ma st, quy nh trong mc 7.5[12];
Afr - din tch b mt ngoi song song vi hng gi.
- Cc hiu ng ca lc ma st do gi ln b mt c th khng cn xt ti khi tng din tch b mt ca tt
c cc mt song song vi hng gi nh hn hoc bng 1/4 ln tng din tch ca tt c cc b mt bn ngoi
vung gc vi hng gi (b mt chn gi).
2.3 H s CsCd
a) Khi nim chung

Cc h s kt cu CsCd c a vo tnh ton tc ng ca ti trng gi c k n nh hng ca

thnh phn ng do s chuyn ng ca kt cu.
Nh vy, ta thy gia TCVN v EN c quan im khc nhau v thnh phn ng ca ti trng gi. TCVN
tch bit tc ng ca gi thnh hai thnh phn ring bit tnh v ng trong khi EN gp chung hai thnh phn
ny bng cch nhn vo thnh phn gi tnh mt h s kt cu CsCd.
Trong EN 1991-1-4 c quy nh mt s trng hp c th xc nh nhanh gi tr CsCd (theo mc 6.2[12]
hoc tra th ph lc D[12]). Cc trng hp khc c xc nh bng tnh ton.
b) Trnh t tnh ton [12]
* Trnh t chi tit tnh ton cc yu t cu trc CsCd c a ra trong biu thc (24). Cng thc ny c
th s dng nu cc iu kin c a ra trong (2) tha mn.
Cs Cd =

1 2 * k p * I v (ze ) * B2 R2
1 7 * I v ( ze )

(24)

Trong :

z e - chiu cao tham chiu, xem hnh 3. Vi cc dng cng trnh khng c trong hnh, gi tr c th ly bng
chiu cao ca cng trnh;

k p - h s nh c nh ngha l t l ln nht ca phn dao ng p ng lch chun;

I v - gi tr bt n nh, xc nh theo cng thc (12), (13);
B 2 - h s xt n iu kin a hnh;
R 2 - h s xt n yu t phn ng ng (yu t cng hng).
Ghi ch 1: Yu t kch thc Cs c a vo gim tc ng gi vo cng trnh do s xut hin khng
ng thi ca p lc gi cao nh im trn b mt v c th thu c t biu thc (25).
Cs =

1 7 * I v (ze ) * B 2
1 7 * I v (ze )

(25)

Ghi ch 2: Yu t mch ng Cd c a vo tng tc ng gi vo cng trnh do tnh tc ng ngy

cng tng t cc rung ng do s nh hng ri trong cng hng vi cu trc v c th thu c t biu
thc (26).
Cd =

1 2 * k p * I v (ze ) * B 2 R 2

(26)

1 7 * I v (ze ) * B 2

Ghi ch 3: Trnh t xc nh kp, B v R c th c a ra trong ph lc quc gia. Trnh t tnh ton

thng thng c a ra trong phn c di y.
Cng thc (24) ch c p dng nu tha mn cc yu cu di y:
- Kt cu ng vi mt trong cc dng lin kt th hin trong hnh 2;
Ch c cc dao ng c bn u tin theo phng gi l quan trng.

Hnh 2. Cc hnh dng cu trc thuc phm vi p dng cng thc (24)
2

c) H s B , R , kp [12]
* H s a hnh B

2
2

H s a hnh B c xc nh theo cng thc (27).

B2 =

(27)

bh

1 0.9 *
L( z e )
Trong :

0.63

b, h chiu rng v chiu cao ca kt cu;

L(ze) - t l chiu di ri cao tham chiu ze, c xc nh theo biu thc (28) v (29). Trong
2
trng hp tnh thin v an ton c th ly B =1.

z
L(Ze) = Lt * e
zt

L(Ze) = L(Zmin)

vi ze < zmin

vi ze zmin

(28)
(29)

Trong :
Lt = 200m;
zt = 300m;
= 0.67 + 0.05 ln(z0)

(30)

* H s phn ng ng R2
2

H s phn ng ng R c s dng k n s bt n trong cng hng vi s xem xt cc nh

hng ng, gi tr c xc nh theo cng thc (31).
2

R =

2
* SL(Ze, n1,x) * Rh(h) * Rb(b)
2

(31)

Trong :
SL - l hm mt ph c nh ngha theo cng thc (32a).
SL(Z, n) =

6.8 f L (Z , n)
(1 10.2 f L ( Z , n)) 5 / 3

(32a)

- h s gim lga ca dao ng, gi tr ca c xc nh theo cng thc (32b).

 = s + a

(32b)

Trong :
s - h s kt cu (s ly gi tr bng 0.05 vi kt cu bng thp, ly bng 0.1 vi kt cu b tng ct thp,
ly bng 0.08 vi kt cu lin hp b tng ct thp, ly gi tr bng 0.03 vi kt cu thp b tng ct thp v tr
trn);
a - h s kh quyn c xc nh theo cng thc (32c).
a =

C f * * vm ( z e )

(32c)

2 * n1* e

Trong :

C f - h s lc;
3

- t trng kh quyn, = 1.25 daN/m ;

v m ( z e ) - vn tc gi cao tham chiu ze;

e - khi lng tng ng trn mt n v din tch.
Rh, Rb l hm kh ng c xc nh theo cng thc (33) v (34):

1
1
2 (1 e 2 h ) ; Rh = 1.00 vi trng hp h = 0
h 2 h
1
1
Rb =
2 (1 e 2 ) ; Rb = 1.00 vi trng hp b = 0
b 2 b
4.6h
Trong : h =
* fL(ze, n1,x)
(35)
L( z e )
4.6b
b =
* fL(ze, n1,x)
(36)
L( z e )
n1, x * L( z e )
Rh =

fL(ze, n1,x) =

(37)

vm ( ze )

* H s kp
H s nh kp c xc nh theo cng thc (38).
kp =

2 ln(600 )

0.6
2 ln(600 )

v kp 3

(38)

Trong :
- h s k n vic vt tn s c xc nh theo cng thc (39).
= n1,x *

R2
v 0.08Hz
B2 R2

(39)

2.4 Tng kt quy trnh tnh ton ti trng do tc ng gi

Quy trnh tnh ton ti trng do gi tc dng vo cng trnh c tng kt trong s khi hnh 3.

(33)
(34)

Hnh 3. S khi quy trnh tnh ton ti trng gi ln cng trnh

3. Kt lun
Tiu chun EN 1991-1-4 c bin son ch dn chung v tnh ton ti trng do tc dng gi ln cng
trnh cho cc nc thuc lin minh chu u nn khi p dng tnh ton cho cng trnh xy dng Vit Nam
phi c nhng iu chnh ph hp vi iu kin t nhin c th ca Vit Nam. Vic tnh ton ny c th
c n gin ho bng cch lp bng tnh trn phn mm excel theo s khi hnh 3 ca bi bo ny. So
vi tiu chun TCVN 2737:1995, tiu chun EN 1991-1-4 c mt s khc bit ln cn c bit lu khi p
dng tnh ton nh sau:
- Khi tnh ton theo EN 1991-1-4, vn tc gi c bn v p lc gi c bn tra t ph lc quc gia Vit Nam
cn phi chuyn i t vn tc gi trung bnh trong 3 giy vi chu k lp l 20 nm dng a hnh B thnh vn
tc gi trung bnh trong 10 pht vi chu k lp l 50 nm dng a hnh II;
- Tiu chun EN 1991-1-4 phn a hnh ra lm 05 dng k hiu t 0 n IV, tiu chun Vit Nam ch phn
ra lm 03 dng k hiu t A n C;
- Tiu chun Eurocode xc nh h s thay i p lc gi theo cao v dng a hnh trn c s hm

logarit v c xt n c nh hng ri ca dng gi (tiu chun Vit Nam xc nh theo hm s m);

- Ngoi phng php xc nh p lc gi thng qua h s kh ng, tiu chun Eurocode cn ch dn xc
nh theo h s lc. H s lc c xc nh khng ch da vo dng hnh hc cng trnh m cn ph thuc
vo t l kch thc nn s chi tit v chnh xc hn, ph hp s dng vi nh cao tng;
- nh hng ca thnh phn ng c xc nh gp vi thnh phn tnh bng cch a vo cng thc
tnh ton h s nh hng ng ph thuc vo dng a hnh v c trng phn ng ng ca kt cu, CsCd.
TI LIU THAM KHO
1.

QCVN 02:2009/BXD Quy chun k thut Quc gia s liu t nhin dng trong xy dng ca Vit Nam, B Xy dng,
2009.

2.

TCVN 2737 : 1990: Ti trng v tc ng Tiu chun thit k.

3.

TCVN 2737 : 1995: Ti trng v tc ng Tiu chun thit k.

4.

TCXD 229 : 1999: Ch dn tnh ton thnh phn ng ca ti trng gi theo tiu chun TCVN 2737 : 1995.

5.

NGUYN V THNG. La chn dng a hnh chun khi sot xt TCVN 2737 : 1995 da trn c s tiu chun CTO
36554501-015-2008, Tp ch KHCN Xy dng, s 2/2010.

6.

NGUYN V THNG. C s khoa hc xc nh vn tc gi c s trong d tho sot xt TCVN 2737 : 1995 theo
tiu chun hin hnh ca Nga, Tuyn tp cng trnh Hi ngh khoa hc ton quc c hc vt rn bin dng ln X, Thi
Nguyn.

7.

NGUYN V THNG. Thit lp cng thc tnh ton thnh phn tnh v thnh phn ng ca ti trng gi trong d tho
TCVN 2737 : 2011. Tp ch KHCN Xy dng, s 3/2011.

8.

AS 1170.2-1983: Minimum design loads on structures, Part 2: Wind Loads, Standard Australia, 1983.

9.

AS 1170.2-1989: Minimum design loads on structures, Part 2: Wind Loads, Standard Australia, 1989.

10. BS 6399 Part 2: Loading for Buildings Code of Practice for Wind loads.
11. Bryan Stafford Smith, Alex Coull, Tall Building Structures: Analysis and Design, Jonh Wiley & Son, INC.
12. Eurocode 1: Actions on structures - General Actions - Part 1-4: Wind Actions
13. EMIL SIMIU and ROBERT H.SCALAN. Wind effects on Structure Fundamentals and Aplications to Design
14. JOHN D.HOLMES. Wind Loading of Structure. 2003.
15. NIKOLAI A. POPOV. The wind load codification in Russia and some estimates of a gust load accuracy provided by
different codes.
16. SNiP II-6-74 Loads and Effects.
17. NGUYN MNH CNG, Tnh ton ti trng gi ln nh cao tng theo tiu chun Eurocode, Lun vn thc s k thut
trng i hc Kin trc H Ni, kha 2008-2011.