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Qllimi
Do t realizojm matje n breadbord, pr:
- konvertuesit me rezistenca t peshuara
- konvertuesit me rrjet t shkallzuar.
Materialet
Njsi ushqimi, modul breadborder, multimetr.
a)
b)
c)
Prshkrimi Teorik
Konvertuesi D/A m i thjesht merret duke komanduar daljen n elsa t ndryshm t pjestuesit
n baz vlers s D . Ky konvertues quhet potenciometrik, dhe skema baz jepet n Fig.2a. Nj
konvertues potenciometrik me N bit krkon 2 N 1 rezistenca dhe 2 N elsa. Pr t patur nj ligj t
konvertimit linear rezistencat e pjestuesit duhet t jen t gjitha t barabarta dhe pjestuesi nuk
duhet t jet i ngarkuar. N.q.s dalja sht e lidhur n elsin e M t konvertuesit q punon mbi N
bit, tensioni V0 sht:
V0 VR
M
2N
(1)
I0 I R
M
2N
(2)
Edhe ktu pr t marr 2 N vlera duhen 2 N rezistenca dhe po aq elsa, t cilt komandohen nga
nj kod (t tipit 000011111). Kta konvertues quhen edhe konvertues t madhsive
uniforme (jo t peshuara), dhe shpesh prdoren n kombinim me konvertuesit e madhsive t
peshura, pr t realizuar konvertuesit e przier.
Konvertuesit me madhsi t peshura
Pr kodet e peshura, konvertimi D/A mund t prdoret me t njjtn teknik t prdorur pr
konvertimin e bazs s numrimit. Bhet fjal pr ndrtimin e madhsis n dalje A si shum t nj
serie t peshave t shkallzuara sipas fuqive n baz t numrimit, me koeficiente korrespondues t
shifrave t numrit q do t konvertohen.
N
A K r Ci Bi
i 1
(3)
A Ci 2i
i 1
(4)
Fig.3. Skema me blloqe e nj konvertuesi D/A me madhsi t peshuara. R sht madhsia e referimit duke u
nisur nga e cila gjenerohen peshat. Koeficientt Ci jan shifrat binare t numrit pr tu konvertuar
Fig.4. a) Principi i repriocitetit i aplikuar n konvertuesit D/A; b) konvertimi nga dalja n rrym n tension
elsat komandohen direkt nga e dhna e hyrjes D : SWi lidh rezistencn Ri n morsetn e daljes
n.q.s rryma Ii VR Ri duhet t mblidhet n I 0 (d.m.th n.q.s Ci 1 ) ose n mas n.q.s Ci 0 .
Preferohet prdorimi i devijuesve, n vend t elsave t thjesht, pr t mbajtur konstante
ngarkesn n gjeneratorin e tensionit t referimit VR. elsat formojn devijues t rryms, t cilt
komuntojn rrymat Il midis dy pikave me t njjtin potencial. Qarku dual me VR dhe I 0 t
shkmbyer, jepet n Fig.6. N kt rast duhet prdorur devijues t tensionit, ku komuntohet midis
dy pikave me potenciale t ndryshme, VR ose masn. T dy tipet e devijuesve prezantohen me
teknologji t ndryshme ndrtimi.
Fig.9. Konvertuesi me rrjet shkall, devijuesi i tensionit. R ' 2R prdoret pr t bilancuar rrjetn edhe
majtas
Pjesa eksperimentale
Merren rezistencat e duhura, duke i lexuar sipas kodit t ngjyrave.
Familjarizimi me breadborad-in.
Konkluzione
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