Design of Box Culvert

STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF SINGLE CELL BOX CULVERT
Based on AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design 2007 SI

Client:
GeoData Survey Company
Designed By:
Job Name/Station:
Culvert Structural Design
Verified By:
INPUT DATA
CONCRETE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH, f'c
REBAR YIELD STRENGTH, fy
CONCRETE UNIT WEIGHT, c
SATURATED SOIL UNIT WEIGHT, s
HEIGHT OFCULVERT, H
WIDTH OF CULVERT, B
THICKNESS OF SIDE WALLS, tw
THICKNESS OF TOP SLAB, tts
THICKNESS OF BOTTOM SLAB, tbs
DEPTH OF FILL, hf
IMPOSED SERVICE DEAD LOADS, wd
ALLOWABLE SOIL PRESSURE, Qa
SOIL ANGLE OF FRCITION,

PREFERRED REBAR SIZE
CONCRETE COVER TO REBAR CENTER
NO. OF REINFORCEMENT LAYERS
MAIN REINFORCEMENT SPACING
TEMPERATURE REINFOR. SPACING
Ali Akbar Shaikhzadeh
28
420
24
18
1500
2000
350
350
350
2000
0
144
30
MPA
12
75
2
200
200
mm
MPA
kN/cum
kN/cum
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
mm
KPa
KPa
Deg.
Design Summary
mm
Shear Status
mm
Flexure Status
mm
Soil Pressure Status
LOADS ON THE CULVERT

For the design purposes a one-meter length of the culvert is considered.
Top Slab
Vehicular Live Loads (HS 20 AASHTO Truck)
Include live loads if hf < 2400mm
Multiple presence factor
Width of distributed load (parallel to span)
Length of distributed load (perpend. to span)
Pressure intensity at the specified depth of fill
Linear load on the top slab
Dynamic Load Allowance (Impact Factor)
IM = 33(1 - 0.00041 hf) > 0%
Increased linear live load
Weight of earth fill
Linear weight of fill on the slab
Imposed dead loads
Linear imposed dead loads on the slab
Selfweight
Linear selft weight of the slab
hf =
2000 mm
1.20
2250 mm
4510 mm
7.14 KPa
7.14 KN/m
LL considered.
Traffic travelling parallel to span
5.94 %
9.08 KN/m
Factor for increasing live load due

Impact and multiple presence facto
36.00 KN/m
0 KN/m
8.4 KN/m
Equiv. wheel loads don't overlap

Wheel Load = 72.5 KN
Side Walls
Soil pressure
kah = (1 - sin ) / (1 + sin )
Surcharge on side walls due to top soil
0.333
36.0 KPa
Height of surcharge (h' = s / s )

Linear pressure at the bottom of the side wall
2.0 m
21.0 kN/m
Selfweight
Two side walls = tw (H - tbs - tts) c
13.4 KN
Bottom Slab
Self weight of the whole structure
Linear soil pressure due to stru. selfweight
59.52 kN/m
See note 1
Vehicular Live Loads (HS 20 AASHTO Truck)

Linear soil pressure due to live loads
9.08 KN/m
See note 1
FACTORED LOAD DIAGRAMS

Load factor for dead load
Load factor for horizontal earth pressure
Load factor for live load
1.25
1.50
1.75
55.50
18.00
18.00
31.5
31.5
74.4
ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE

The structure is analyzed using the moment distribution method.
The fixed-end moment at each joint is the superposition of the fixed-end moments due to dead, live and earth pressure lo
Joint
Member
Length
Moment of Inertia
Distrib. Factor
FEM
Distribution
Carry Over
Distribution
Carry Over
Distribution
A
AC
0.80
0.0292
0.71
1.25
16.11
-10.25
9.62
-4.34
4.48
B
AB
2.00
0.0292
0.29
-23.80
6.44
-3.22
3.85
-1.92
1.79
BA
2.00
0.0292
0.29
23.80
-6.44
3.22
-3.85
1.92
-1.79
D
BD
0.80
0.0292
0.71
-1.25
-16.11
10.25
-9.62
4.34
-4.48
DB
0.80
0.0292
0.71
1.39
20.50
-8.05
8.68
-4.81
4.68
C
DC
2.00
0.0292
0.29
-30.10
8.20
-4.10
3.47
-1.74
1.87
CD
2.00
0.0292
0.29
30.10
-8.20
4.10
-3.47
1.74
-1.87
Carry Over
Distribution
Carry Over
Distribution
Carry Over
Distribution
Carry Over
Distribution
-2.34
2.31
-1.13
1.14
-0.57
0.57
-0.29
0.29
-0.90
0.92
-0.46
0.46
-0.23
0.23
-0.11
0.11
0.90
-0.92
0.46
-0.46
0.23
-0.23
0.11
-0.11
2.34
-2.31
1.13
-1.14
0.57
-0.57
0.29
-0.29
-2.24
2.27
-1.15
1.15
-0.57
0.57
-0.29
0.29
-0.94
0.91
-0.45
0.46
-0.23
0.23
-0.11
0.11
0.94
-0.91
0.45
-0.46
0.23
-0.23
0.11
-0.11
Moment Sum
16.84
-16.84
16.84
-16.84
22.41
-22.41
22.41
SHEAR MOMENT DIAGRAMS
Top Slab Moment Diagram
Top Slab
25.0
20.0
15.0
Mmax (+)
Mmax (-)
18.86 kN/m
-16.84 kN/m
10.0
5.0
Moment (kN-m)
0.0
-5.0
Design Moment
18.86 kN/m
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.1
-10.0
-15.0
-20.0
Distance x (m)
Top Slab Shear Diagram

80.0
60.0
40.0
Vmax (+)
Vmax (-)
71.39 kN
-64.26 kN
20.0
Shear (kN)
0.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.1
1.2
-20.0
Design Shear
26.77 kN
-40.0
-60.0
At distance d from the face of the support
-80.0
Distance x (m)
Bottom Slab
Bottom Slab Moment Diagram

25.0
20.0
Mmax (+)
Mmax (-)
15.0
22.41 kN/m
-22.73 kN/m
10.0
5.0
Moment (kN-m)
Design Moment
0.0
-5.0
22.73 kN/m
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.1
-10.0
-15.0
-20.0
-25.0
Distance x (m)
Bottom Slab Shear Diagram

100.0
80.0
Vmax (+)
Vmax (-)
Design Shear
60.0
90.29 kN
-90.29 kN
40.0
20.0
Shear (kN)
33.86 kN
0.0
-20.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.1
-40.0
-60.0
-80.0
-100.0
Distance x (m)
1.2
-80.0
-100.0
Distance x (m)
Side Walls
Side Walls Moment Diagram

25.0
20.0
Mmax (+)
Mmax (-)
Design Moment
15.0
22.41 kN/m
-14.92 kN/m
10.0
Moment (kN-m)
5.0
0.0
-5.0
22.41 kN/m
0.04
0.08
0.12
0.16
0.2
0.24
0.28
0.32
0.36
0.4
0.44
0.
-10.0
-15.0
-20.0
Distance x (m)
Side Walls Shear Diagram

0.0
0.04
0.08
0.12
0.16
0.2
0.24
0.28
0.32
0.36
0.4
0.44
-10.0
-20.0
Vmax (+)
Vmax (-)
-38.26 kN
-50.86 kN
Design Shear
49.03 kN
Shear (kN)
-30.0
-40.0
-50.0
-60.0
Distance x (m)
THICKNESS CHECK
Shear strength provided by concrete = Vc0.17 (f'c)0.5 bw d
d (mm)
VckN)
Vd (kN)
Status
Top slab
275
185.5
26.8
O.K.
Bottom slab
275
185.5
33.9
O.K.
Side walls
275
185.5
49.0
O.K.
Component
REINF. CALCULATIONS
Minimum reinforcement ratio for main reinforcement, min
Minimum reinforcement ratio for temperature reinforcement, min
Maximum center to center spacing of reinforcement, s max
Component
0.0007
0.0008
525 mm
MAIN REINFORCEMENT
d (mm)
Mu(kN-m)
As (mm2)
As prov
act
min
Status
Top slab
275
21.0
202
1131
0.0032
0.0013
O.K.
Bottom slab
275
25.3
243
1131
0.0032
0.0013
O.K.
Side walls
275
24.9
240
1131
0.0032
0.0013
O.K.
SOIL PRESSURE CHECK
0.48
Pressure on soil
Allowable soil pressure
Status
68.60 KPa
144.00 KPa
O.K.
1- In reality, the uplift soil pressure on the bottom slab may not be uniform. However, for simplicity, it shall be assumed to be uniform.
2- Minimum reinforcement ratio found is for one layer of reinforcement and shall be multiplyed by 2 if there is 2 layers of reinforcement.
3- Clear distance between two layers of reinforcement shall not be more than 150mm and less than 25mm.
4- All soil has been assumed to be saturated soil.
5- It has been assumed that only one axle of the design truck comes on the culvert at a time. This is true for culvert width up to 4300. For more widths
this design spreadsheet can not be used since it is possible that two axle loads come on the culvert.
GN OF SINGLE CELL BOX CULVERT
SHTO LRFD Bridge Design 2007 SI

Ali Akbar Shaikhzadeh
Date:
1-Jul-12
Revision:
Version 1.0
Design Summary
O.K.
O.K.
O.K.
Design Based on
Traffic travelling parallel to span
(AASHTO 3.6.1.2.6)
(AASHTO 3.6.1.1.2)
(AASHTO 3.6.1.2.6)
Equiv. wheel loads don't overlap.
(AASHTO 3.6.1.2.6)
(AASHTO 3.6.2.2)
Factor for increasing live load due to impact effects

Impact and multiple presence factor included.
(cont'd)
(AASHTO 3.4.1)
(AASHTO 3.4.1)
(AASHTO 3.4.1)
15.89
15.89
end moments due to dead, live and earth pressure loads.
CA
0.80
0.0292
0.71
-1.39
-20.50
8.05
-8.68
4.81
-4.68
2.24
-2.27
1.15
-1.15
0.57
-0.57
0.29
-0.29
-22.41
(cont'd)
Top Slab Moment Diagram

25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
-5.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
-10.0
-15.0
-20.0
Distance x (m)
Top Slab Shear Diagram
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
Distance x (m)
Bottom Slab Moment Diagram

25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
-5.0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.1
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
-10.0
-15.0
-20.0
-25.0
Distance x (m)
Bottom Slab Shear Diagram
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.1
Distance x (m)
1.2
1.3
1.4
1.5
1.6
1.7
1.8
1.9
Distance x (m)
(cont'd)
Side Walls Moment Diagram

25.0
20.0
15.0
10.0
5.0
0.0
-5.0
0.04
0.08
0.12
0.16
0.2
0.24
0.28
0.32
0.36
0.4
0.44
0.48
0.52
0.56
0.6
0.64
0.68
0.72
0.76
0.8
-10.0
-15.0
-20.0
Distance x (m)
Side Walls Shear Diagram

0.04
0.08
0.12
0.16
0.2
0.24
0.28
0.32
0.36
0.4
0.44
0.48
0.52
0.56
0.6
0.64
0.68
0.72
0.76
0.8
Distance x (m)
(ACI 11.2.1.2)
See note 2
(AASHTO 5.10.8)
See note 2
(AASHTO 5.10.8)
Max (1.5 t, 450)
(AASHTO 5.10.3.2)
TEMPRATURE REINF.
act
min
Status
0.0032
0.0015
O.K.
0.0032
0.0015
O.K.
0.0032
0.0015
O.K.
a time. This is true for culvert width up to 4300. For more widths

Design of Box Culvert

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Design of Box Culvert

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STRUCTURAL DESIGN OF SINGLE CELL BOX CULVERT

Based on AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design 2007 SI

GeoData Survey Company

Culvert Structural Design

SOIL ANGLE OF FRCITION,

Ali Akbar Shaikhzadeh

Soil Pressure Status

LOADS ON THE CULVERT

Factor for increasing live load due

Equiv. wheel loads don't overlap

Height of surcharge (h' = s / s )

Vehicular Live Loads (HS 20 AASHTO Truck)

FACTORED LOAD DIAGRAMS

ANALYSIS OF THE STRUCTURE

SHEAR MOMENT DIAGRAMS

Top Slab Moment Diagram

Top Slab Shear Diagram

At distance d from the face of the support

Bottom Slab Moment Diagram

Bottom Slab Shear Diagram

At distance d from the face of the support

Side Walls Moment Diagram

Side Walls Shear Diagram

At distance d from the face of the support

SOIL PRESSURE CHECK

GN OF SINGLE CELL BOX CULVERT

SHTO LRFD Bridge Design 2007 SI

Traffic travelling parallel to span

Equiv. wheel loads don't overlap.

Factor for increasing live load due to impact effects

end moments due to dead, live and earth pressure loads.

Top Slab Moment Diagram

Top Slab Shear Diagram

Bottom Slab Moment Diagram

Bottom Slab Shear Diagram

Side Walls Moment Diagram

Side Walls Shear Diagram

Max (1.5 t, 450)

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