arakomerciuli gamomcemloba saga

jibis wignis seria 5

media _ kultura _ sazogadoeba

1

aka morCilaZe (giorgi axvlediani, dabadebuli 1966 wels, 10 noembers,TbilisSi) _ qarTveli mwerali, istorikosi, postsabWoTa qarTuli literaturis bestselerebis avtori.
1988 wels daamTavra Tbilisis saxelmwifo
universitetis istoriis fakulteti, sadac
dRemde moRvaweobs. 90-iani wlebis dasa
wyisSi paralelurad muSaobda saparlamento
sxdomebis mimomxilvelad yoveldRiur gazeTSi `rezonansi~ da, agreTve, Jurnalistad
yviTel presaSi. amJamad aris Tavisufali
avtori qarTul gazeTebsa da JurnalebSi gamoqveynebuli eseisturi narkvevebisa.
avtoria wignebis: `mogzauroba yarabaRSi~
(1992), `gadafrena madaTovze da ukan~ (1998),
`santa esperansa~ (2004), `mesaidumlis qamari~
(2008) da sxv.
2

kagdata in jorjia
aka morCilaZe

Tbilisi, 2010
3

naxati garekanze:
garekanis dizaini:
dakabadoneba da
gamomcemeli:

maia sumbaZe
giorgi bagrationi
soso dumbaZe

mesame gamocema, 2010

ISBN 978-9941-0-0789-7
yvela ufleba daculia

arakomerciuli gamomcemloba saga, 2010

www.sa-ga.org

sarCevi

kagdata in jorjia
1. serjio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
2. fexi damicda, nudls. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
3. atria. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
4. meore mavTuli.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
5. Jizneni aerobika . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
6. u-to-pii-ia.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79

piradi enciklopedia
b. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
d . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
T. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
l .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
p. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
f. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
q. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
h. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124

kagdata in jorjia

[...]
mgoni, gazafxuli iyo. 1986 wlis gazafxuli
unda yofiliyo, namdvilad. reigani saxlis
parmaRze idga da gacinebuli eloda garbaCovs, romelic SlapaSi gamocxadda.
es dRe imitom maxsovs, rom es ambavi sagangebo axal ambebSi uCvenes da, egreve, am axali
ambebis Semdeg kinos CavujeqiT. viRacas moetana kasetebi Cems megobarTan, Cven ki dilidanve mivacdineT leqciebi da videos sacqerlad gavemarTeT, vinaidan filmi grZeli iyo,
ugrZesi.
filmi iyo, kagdata v amerike da, me Tu mkiTxavT, misi cqera dagvianebulic ki iyo imitom, rom bevrs hqonda nanaxi da gauTaveblad
amaze laparakobdnen. eqvs saaTs grZeldebao,
de niro TamaSobso da mTeli ambavi.
xoda, sanam videos CavrTavdiT da CamovsxdebodiT papirosebiT, dilidanve da gemrielad, manamde vnaxeT es reigani da garbaCovi
televizorSi. mokled, filmi istoriul dRes
vnaxe, Tumca unda vTqva, rom bolomde ar mina
xavs, raRac mizeziT wamovedi iqidan. wasas
vleli viyavi sadRac, Tu ra iyo, ar maxsovs.
yovel SemTxvevaSi, kai xans vuyurebdiT.
megona, rom arasdros damTavrdeboda da
axlac ar vici, ramsigZea, miT uemtes, rom es
dedamiwaze aravin icis. sadRac-sadRac rom
26

 adavawydebi, mainc ver vuyureb xolme ise,

g
rom ociod wuTze meti gamovides gadabmulad.
gangsteruli filmebi nanaxi mqonda, naTliac da kidev sxvebic. erTi serialiviT raRaca iyo, gangsterskie xroniki niu iorka, bagzi sigelze, meier lanskize da viRaceebze da
isic, kidev, diax, lico sa Sramam, romelic
sruliad ar mizidavda. yvelaze ufro es naTlia momwonda, Tanac, is adgilebi, sadac Zveli
niu iorkis ambebia moTxrobili. manamde naT
lia samizdatSi mqonda wakiTxuli da ase Tu
ise vicodi, ra iyo da rogor. amerigo bonasera sul ramdenime kvartalSi cxovrobda
Tavisi damkrZalavi biurodan ai, es winadadebac ki maxsovs.
hoda, am erTxel amerikaSic is 20-iani wlebi ar iyo, koton klabiT rom Semiyvarda? magram, eh, rogorRac ver CavumuRamdi am films.
ki vuyure, magram, ha.. viTom arc miyurebia,
veraferze vifiqre. xumrobebi Zalin uxamsi
iyo da Sig aranairi xalisi ar igrZnoboda.
albaT, egrec unda yofiliyo, im bi Webisgan
sxvas ras unda moelodes kaci. magram maSin
amas ver mivxvdi imitom, rom yvela maTze laparakobda da mec, ukve SemeZlo, rom raRaca
meTqva am filmis Sesaxeb. anu, mrgvali beWedi
damertya, rom nanaxi maqvs.
27

hooooooo, musika, saundtreki, rogorc

axla ityvian, lamis mTavar romantikad iyo
qceuli. is mTavari melodia, Torem iq musika
bevrnairia. axlac, zogierT im gancdis erTguls, mobilurebSi aRmovuCen xolme im sa
undtreks.
magram yvelaze magari is iyo, rom biWebis
gulCvilobis ambavi gamovlinda. biWebi xom
Cveulebriv ar avlenen xolme gulCvilobas.
marto Zalian gamorCeulebi avlenen. maSin ase
iyo da axla aRar vici. magram am kagdata v amerikem raRacnairi legaluri gulCvilobis
saSualeba misca yvelas, imitom rom quCuri
gulCviloba iyo raRacnairad blagvi.
iq aris ucnobilesi epizodi, roca ubnis
mTavari gangsteri am jer kidev patara biWebis bandas gadaekideba, radgan grZnobs, rom
isini male aRar daemorCilebian da CaaCoCeben.
biWebis bandam ki ukve fuli iSova, butlegerebs Seuamxanagda da Zvirfasi tansacmelic
iyida, Tanac, sadguris seifSi fuli Seinaxa
da mTeli ambavi. hoda, egre koxtad gamowyobilebs win es tipi, saxelad bagzi, dauxvdebaT
da srolas upirebs.
eseni yvelani garbian da bagzis tyvia, ra
Tqma unda, maT Soris yvelaze patara, yvelaze
sayvarel, yvelaze komikur, magram namdvilad
28

da WeSmaritad didi momavlis mqone dominiks

miswvdeba.
dominiki Sesafrisken garbis da swored am
dros moxvdeba tyvia ise, rom forxiliT miaRwevs iqamde, sadac nudlsi imaleba (cota maniakurad vyvebi, mgoni) da mis xelebSi dalevs
suls sityvebiT:
_ fexi damicda, nudls.
es scena iyo mTavari gulCvilobis mizezi,
Tumca sxva, ufro nakleb mniSvnelovani, saxaliso gulCvilobanic aRiniSneboda saubrebSi.
magaliTad, roca bozandara gogo pegi namcxvars moiTxovs seqsis sanacvlod da petsi
Goldbergs es WapanwyvetiT nayidi namcxvari
mis lodinSi SemoeWmeva. ase ityodnen, jer
bavSvia, qals tkbileuloba urCevniao, da CaiRimebdnen.
xolo dominikis mkvleloba diskusiis saganic iyo. miT umetes, rom kinoSi naTqvami
frazebis sadiskusiod gamotanis tradicia
adridanve arsebobda.
dava iyo sityvebze: fexi damicda, nudls.
erTni ambobdnen, rom biWi imdenad patara
da ubiwo iyo, rom verc ki mixvda, tyvia rom
moxvda, da egona, fexi daucdao.
maSin jer bevrma aravin icoda, ras grZnob,
tyvia rom mogxvdeba, magram viRaceebi ambobdnen _ egrea, ver grZnobo.
29

amaTi mowinaaRmdegeebi ki acxadebdnen, patara ki iyo, magram iseTi nastirni, duxiani

da utexi, rom tyvia rom moxvda, mSvenivradac
igrZno da ar aRiarao.
mokled, cotaTi imas hgavda, guliveris
ambebSi romaa, kvercxi bolodan CavtexoT, Tu
Tavidano.
magari biWebis mier filmis gmirTa qcevebis garCeva Turme ZvelTaganve arsebobda.
saqme kriminalur ambebs exeboda, Torem amarkordSi rom Teo yviris xidan, is ki aravis gaurCevia.
amis mTavari SemTxvevebi samocian wlebSi
iyo, rodesac xalxma SesaniSnavi Svideuli naxa.
sadRac wavikiTxe, rom sabWoTa kinogaqiravebis istoriaSi es iyo yvelaze Semosavliani filmi, romelic oTx weliwads iyo ekranebze da kidev metsac iqneboda, ucabedi,
amoucnobi brZanebiT rom ar moexsnaT ekranebidano.
hoda, erTma im drois kacma miambo, am filmzexalxi fuWdebodao. anu, quCis ambavSi kamaTebi ibadeboda _ vin aris marTali, kalvera
Tu krisio. avtoritetebis sityviT, marTali kalvera iyo. ar vici imitom, rom gasawewi
unda gaiwewos; ar vici, imitom datyvevebul
30

Svideuls rom gauSvebs, isini ki yovlad veragulad ukan dabrundebian. ambobdnen, qurdebma Tqveso, kalvera marTaliao. hoda, imas
win vinRadaudgeboda.
mokled, kagdata v amerikesac aseTi ram
emuqreboda.
emuqreboda ki ara, ukve sWirda. garSemo
ukve misi eqspertebi arsebodnen: biWebi, romlebmac filmis yoveli mosaxvevi icodnen da
yovel saqciels Cveneburi quCis kanonebiT
afasebdnen.
simarTle rom iTqvas, maTi mosmena meored
aRarc iyo saWiro. erTs rom moismendi, ukve
icodi, sxva aseTive eqsperti ras ityoda. mogexsenebaT, rogorc yoveli kanoni, es kanonic
ar uSvebs gadaxras romelime mxares da aranairi liberalizmi aq ar gavidoda.
yvelaze didi liberlaizmi is iyo, rom
geTqva, eseni mainc banditebi arian, aravis
indoben da ar SeiZleba, rom kargi adamianebi
iyvneno, magram aseTi ram Zalian iSviaTad gami
gonia maSin. vinc iwunebda am kinos, mxolod
erTi standartuli fraziT _ ravi, me kriosni
aweci mirCevniao.
magram naTlia ver gaxda am gaqanebis filmi
biWebSi. veranairad.
[...]
31

sagas sxva gamocemebi:

hans beleri _ kinomontaJis aspeqtebi

dasavleTSi farTod gavrcelebuli, SesavalixasiaTis mqone kinosamontaJo saxelmZRvanelo teqsti,
sadac gaanalizebulia aqtualuri samontaJo mode
lebi, cnebebi da reJisorTa specifikuri stilebi:
eizenSteini, bunueli, hiCkoki, godari, tarkovski,
kubriki, jarmuSi da sxva.
gamocemas axlavs kino
samontaJo cneb
ebis ganmart
ebiTi leqsikoni;
kadrTa sididis ma
C
ve
nebeli da 180 gra
dusis principis amsaxveli sqemebi

valter beniamini _ xelovnebis nimuSi misi

teqnikuri reproducirebadobis epoqaSi.
istoriis cnebis Sesaxeb
mkiTxvels pirvelad eZleva saSualeba gaec
nos qarTul enaze cnobili filosofosisada
kulturis mkvlevris, valter beniami
nis (1892
-
1940), or naSroms: xelovnebis nimuSi misi te
q-
ni

kuri reproducirebadobis epoqaSi~ (1935-36)

da istoriis cnebis Sesaxeb (1940).
pirveli werili xe
lo
vnebis nimuSis au
ris dakargvis axsnas
gvTavazobs. man gans
akuTrebuli aqtualu
roba SeiZina 60-ian
wlebSi, roca iqca
mowodebad, xelovneba gamoeyenebinaT socialur-politikuri
emansipaciis mizniT.
Tezisebi istoriis
cnebis Sesaxeb ajame
bs avtoris Tanamedrove
periodisbWo
tbas istoriuli ma
terializmis daniSnulebaze.

fsiqiatriasTan gamocdilebis mqone pirTa

germanuli asociacia _ rCevebi da xerxebi _
rogor vmarToT `SeSlil-oba~?
megzuri gankuTvnilia fsiqiatriasTan ga
moc
dilebis mqone adamianebisa da maTi axloblebisaTvis, romlebic krizisis dros da mis Semdeg mxarSi udganan am pirovnebebs. aq mocemuli rCevebi
saSualebas gvaZlevs individualurad da Sinaurulad movekidoT am mdgomareobas; gvexmareba,
SeZlebisdagvarad fsiqotropuli wamlebis gareSe, organizmisadmi
zianis miyenebis gve
rdisavliT, movlene
bis marTvasa da myudroebisa da stabi
lurobis mopovebaSi.
teqsts axlavs fsi
qiatr Temur iosebaZis bolosityvaoba da
damxmare
organiza
ciebis sakontaqto informacia.

rezo kveselava _ mogonebebi qarTvel kinematografistebze

qarTveli kinodramaturgis rezo kveselavas samemuaro werilebis krebulSi `mogonebebi qarTvel
kinematografistebze~ avtori ixsenebs: Tengiz
abulaZes, akaki baqraZes, suliko JRents, mixeil
kveselavas, mixeil kobaxiZes, kote miqaberiZes,
aleqsandre rexviaSvils, sergo farajanovs, oTar
ioselians, dore xinTibiZesa da sxvebs.
gamocemaSi warmodgenelia qarTvel kin em a t o g r a f i s t T a
unikaluri fotoe
bi avtoris pira
di
arqividan da ki
nostudia `qarTuli filmis~ orasa
mde Ta
namSromlis
mokle
biografiuli mona
cemebi.

male sagasagan:
n sabWoTa avangardistis, kinodokumentalistis
da dokumenturi kinos Teoretikosis Ziga vertovis teqstebis krebuli: adamiani kinoaparatiT (manifesti, statiebi, sascenaro
variantebi); devi dumbaZis Se
saval werilTan
erTad: `arasa
albaTo
Tvalis poezia _ kinoglazis koncefcia Ziga vertovis filmSi adamiani kinoaparatiT~.
n sabWoTa kinematografistisa da kinos Teoretikosis sergei eizenSteinis montaJis Teoriis
fundamenturi teqstebis krebuli: inteleqtualuri montaJi.

damatebiTi informacia:
www.sa-ga.org

sagas wignis qurdi _ qurdi ar ariso!