Qualitative Research

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520252009

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2552


090800

1 2552

(Qualitative Research)

520252008
520252009

1.

2. ( , 2548 : 13 - 14)

3. (PARADIGM)

4.

5.

17

6.

19

6.1 (ETHNOGRAPHIC STUDY)

6.2 (PHENOMENOLOGY STUDY)

19
24

6.3 (CASE STUDY APPROACH)

25

6.4 (GROUNDED THEORY STUDY)

6.5 (FOCUS GROUP STUDY)

29
32

7.

34

8.

35

38


(Qualitative Research)
1.
(2548)

(2549)

(2550) (Qualitative Research)

(2552) (Qualitative Research)

Qualitative Research

(2552)




(inductive)
(2552)
(Naturalistic inquiry) (Holistic perspective)


(Inductive analysis)
John W.Creswell (1998 :15 , 2549: 25)

Patton (1985 Sharan B.Merriam :6)

Sharan B.Merriam (1988 : 6)

Qualitative Research

2. ( , 2548 : 13 - 14)
1)



2)

3)
(Field research)

4)

5)

6)

( Patt, 1990:40 -41

, 2549 : 46-47)

1.

2.

Qualitative Research

3.

4.

5.

6.

7. ( )

8.

Qualitative Research

9.

10.

3. (paradigm)





(Phenomenology)
(Front Region)
(Back Region) (Postivism)

()
-
(objective)
-
-
-

()
-
(subjective)

- (Meaning)

Qualitative Research

()
(Fact)
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- (Validity)

- (Reliability)
(
)
- (Generaliability)

()
-
-
-

-
-

- (Credibility)

- (Dependability)

-
- (Transferability)

4.



()


()

Qualitative Research

Lincoln and Guba (1985
, 2549 : 108)
(focus)
()

Maxwell ( )

Qualitative Research

1) (research questions)


3


(Case study)

2) (purpose)


3

Qualitative Research

(personal purposes)

(practical purposes)


( HIV)
(research purposes)


3) (conceptual framework)

4
(experiential knowledge
(existing theories)
(pilot study)
(creative thoughts)

4) (method)
6
4.1 (Ethnographic study)
4.2 (Phenomenology study)
4.3 ( Case study method)
4.4 (Biographical study)
4.5 (Grounded theory study)
4.6 (Focus group study)


4.1
2
1) (Probability sampling)

Qualitative Research

2)



Key
informants




15
(1)


(2)



(3)
(
)
(4)



(5)


(6)

10

Qualitative Research

(7)


...
?

(8)



(9)

(10)

(11)


(12) (stratified)


(13)


(14)

11

Qualitative Research

(15)

4.2

(
)

(1)

(2) (Observation) 2
(2.1) (participation observation)


(notetaking)
(2.2) (non-participation observation)

6
1.

12

Qualitative Research

2.

3.
4.
5.
6.
(3) (Interview)

(3.1) (formal interview)



(3.2) (informal interview)


(indepth interview) (probe)
(key informant interview)

(eavesdropping)
(focus group discussion)
8 - 12

Life History
Collection Focus Group Discussions
(1) Life History Collection
Life History Collection

13

Qualitative Research

key informant
(
)

(2) Focus Group Discussions

5-6

( moderator)
Focus Group Discussions


4.3




(Triangulation)(Denzin1970) 3
(1) (data triangulation)

(2) (investigator triangulation)

(3) (theory triangulation)

14

Qualitative Research

1) (Typology and Taxonomy)


2) (Analytic Induction)

3) (Constant Comparison)


4) (Componential Analysis)
7
PMQA
5) (Content Analysis)
..
2475
6) (Cause and Effect Analysis)

15

Qualitative Research

7) (Sociology Imaginary)



7

(subjectivity) (objectivity)

(Theme) (Categories)

(Indexs) (Code)
2-3

5) (Validity)

16

Qualitative Research

2

5.1)

5.2) (, ,
)
4
- ()
-
-
-
5.
3

1.

2.

3.

17

Qualitative Research

(research subjects)
(participants)

(reliability)

(Validity)

18

Qualitative Research

6.
6.1 (Ethnographic study)
Ethnography






2 1)
(macroethnography)
2)
(microethnography)

Creswell (1998)



(participatory observation)
LeCompte and Schensul (1999a)

Stewart (1998)

19

Qualitative Research

. 2000

. 2000
Franz Boas (1858-1942)

Robert Park


1930

(idiographic orientation)

(constructivism)
(postmodernism)

20

Qualitative Research

1.

2.


3. 2

21

Qualitative Research

4.


5. 3 4

1.

2.

3.

key informants

22

Qualitative Research

1.

2.

3.

4.
30
5. 3
1

1.


2. 6 1



3.

23

Qualitative Research

6.2 (Phenomenology study)

( ,2549 : 189-191)

(lived experience)

(
)
(
)
( )

(Phenomenology)

()

Moustakas (1994 ,2549 : 194)

(1)
(2)
(3)

24

Qualitative Research

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)
6.3 (Case Study Approach)

(2551)
Case study :
1)

2)

(2552) (Case Studies)


:

(2550)
(case)


Denny

25

Qualitative Research

Creswell

Stake
(case)
(method)

1920 1930

Stake 3

26

Qualitative Research

1) intrinsic cases


2) instrumental cases



3) collective cases
2

()
()

27

Qualitative Research

3
3
1) (descriptive)


2) (exploratory)




3) (explanatory)

Stake
1.
2.
3.
4.

1)

28

Qualitative Research

2)
cases

4
3)

6.4 (Grounded theory study)

grounded theory

(verify)

(Generalizability)

grounded theory method
Barney Glaser Anselm Strauss (1967)

(1) (theoretical sensitivity)

(2)

29

Qualitative Research

(3)

(4)

(5)


(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(salutation)
(5)



(inductive approach)

30

Qualitative Research

()

()

(coding)
()

()
1)
(concept) 2)



Atlas/ti

31

Qualitative Research

6.5 (Focus group study)

Focus Groups







(group dynamics)

32

Qualitative Research

(Focus group discussion :FGD)

(Norminal
group technique) (Delphi technique)





(Delphi)

1)
2)
3)
4) /
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)
(Moderator)

33

Qualitative Research

34

7.

1.
2.

- (Postivism)
-

3.

4.

-
(Probability)

5.
6.

-
-

-
-
-

7.
8.

9.

-
(Statistical analysis)

10.

- (Report
statistical analysis)
-
-

11.
12.

- (Phenomenology)
-

(Non-probability sampling)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
(content
analysis)
-
(Report rich narrative)
-
-

8.
8.1
1)

2)

3)

4)

5)

6)

7)

Qualitative Research

35

Qualitative Research

(investigation) (subject)






1.

2.
3.

4.


1.

2. /

3.

4.

36

Qualitative Research

37

Qualitative Research

38

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Merriam,. Sharan B. (1988). Qualitative research and case study application in education. California:
Jossey-Bass Inc.