APA ITU SEL?

Sel merupakan satu unit dasar atau asas

bagi benda hidup.
Badan manusia terdiri daripada trilion sel.

C
O
N
T
O
H
S
E
L

Fungsi Sel
Memberi bentuk kepada badan
Menyerap khasiat daripada makanan ke
dalam tubuh badan
Menukar khasiat tersebut kepada bentuk
tenaga

Menjalankan fungsi-fungsi khas

seperti pengkhususan sel(cell
specialisation)
Mengandungi bahan-bahan yang
akan diwarisi(hereditary
material)
Membuat salinan diri sendiri

Fungsi Komponen Sel

Nucleus
Large, oval
May contain 1 or more nucleoli
Holds DNA

Controls cell activities

Contains the hereditary material of the cell

Nuclear membrane
Surrounds nucleus

Controls movement of materials in/out of

nucleus

Double membrane
Selectively permeable

Nucleolus
Found inside the cell's nucleus
May have more than one
Disappear during cell division

Make ribosomes

Golgi Apparatus
Stacks of flattened sacs

Modify proteins made by the cells

Package & export proteins

Lysosome
Small and round with a single
membrane

Breaks down larger food molecules into

smaller molecules
Digests old cell parts

Mitochondrion
Peanut shaped
Double membrane
Outer membrane smooth
Inner membrane folded into cristae

Breaks down sugar (glucose) molecules to

release energy
Site of aerobic cellular respiration

Centrioles
Paired structures near the nucleus
Made of a cylinder of microtubule pairs

Separate chromosome pairs during

mitosis

Ribosome
Small bodies free or attached to ER

Synthesizes proteins

Made of rRNA & protein

Endoplasmic
reticulum (ER)
Network of tubes or membranes
Smooth w/o ribosomes

Carries materials through cell

Rough with embedded ribosomes

Aids in making proteins

Connects to nuclear envelope & cell membrane

Nuclear membrane
Surrounds nucleus

Controls movement of materials in/out of

nucleus

Double membrane
Selectively permeable

Centriole

Cylindrical shaped cellular organelles

Nine groups of microtubules

Cell division

Found in pairs
Move towards the poles (opposite ends) of
the nucleus

Microtubule
Fibrous

To help support and shape thecell

Hollow rods

Form thespindle fibers