B GIO DC V O TO

TRNG I HC NNG LM TP.HCM

B MN CNG NGH SINH HC
***000***

KHA LUN TT NGHIP

NH HNG CA CC CHT IU HA SINH TRNG

N QU TRNH NUI CY IN VITRO CA HAI
GING LAN DENDROBIUM Y CYMBIDIUM
Thnh Ph H Ch Minh
- 09 / 2005 -

Gio vin hng dn

Sinh vin thc hin

TS. TRN TH DUNG

TRN QUANG HONG

LI CM T
e hon thnh cun lun vn ny ti nhn c s hng dn tn tnh, s
gp , gip ca cc thy c, gia nh v bn b. Nay ti xin c by t lng bit om
su sc n:
> Cha v M sut i tn ty v con c c ngy hm nay.
> Cc Thy - C Khoa Cng Ngh Sinh Hc Trng i Hc Nng Lm TP.
H Ch Minh.
> TS. TRN TH DUNG, B mn Cng Ngh Sinh Hc Trng i Hc Nng
Lm TP. H Ch Minh.
> KS. NGUYN TH THU HNG, Trung tm Cng Ngh Sinh Hc Trng
i Hc Nng Lm TP. H Ch Minh.
> Xin gi li cm om n ton th tp th lp Cng Ngh Sinh Hc 27 nhit
tnh gip ti trong thi gian qua.

TM TT KHO LUN
TRN QUANG HONG, i Hc Nng Lm Tp.H Ch Minh. Thng 08/2005.
"NH HNG CA CC CHT IU HO SINH TRNG N QU TRNH
NUI CY IN VITRO CA 2 GING LAN DENDROBIUM V CYMBIDIUM"
* Gio vin hng dn:
Ts. Trn Th Dung
ti c tin hnh t ngy 15/03/2005 n ngy 15/06/2005, ti phng nui cy
m - B Mn Cng Ngh Sinh Hc - Trng i Hc Nng Lm TP.HCM.
i tng nghin cu:
- L 2 ging lan Dendrobium v Cymbidium. y l nhng ging lan c trng

nhiu Vit Nam v em li li nhun kinh t cao.

Mc ch nghin cu:
- S dng cc cht kch thch sinh trng BA, TDZ, NAA cc nng khc nhau
b sung vo mi trng nui cy nhm xc nh t l thch hp nht t c kt qu
nhn ging in vitro cao trn 2 ging lan Dendrobium v Cmbidium.
Phng php nghin cu:
- Trn mi ging lan thc hin 2 th nghim, cc th nghim c b tr theo kiu
hon ton ngu nhin, 3 ln gp li.
Kt qu t c:
- Mi trng nui cy c b sung lmg/1 TDZ v 0.5mg/l NAA cho thy kh
nng hnh thnh phi soma, protocorm v chi cao nht trn c 2 ging lan.
- Mi trng nui cy c kt hp gia cht iu ho sinh trng BA v NAA
hoc TDZ v NAA cho thy kt qu hnh thnh phi soma, protocorm v chi cao hom
so vi s dng ring l cht iu ho sinh trng sinh trng BA hoc TDZ.

MC LC
Ni dung....................................................................................................................Trang
Trang ta ............................................................................................................................i
Li cm t..........................................................................................................................ii
Tm tt ni dung ..............................................................................................................iii
Mc lc.............................................................................................................................iv
Danh sch cc bng .........................................................................................................vii
Danh sch cc biu ....................................................................................................viii
Danh sch cc hnh nh.....................................................................................................ix
Danh sch cc ch vit tt.................................................................................................xi
PHN 1: M U............................................................................................................1
1.1.

t vn ..............................................................................................................1

1.2.

Mc ch nghin cu.............................................................................................2

1.3.

Yu cu..................................................................................................................2

PHN 2: TNG QUAN TI LIU .................................................................................3

2.1 Gii thiu chung v cy hoa lan....................................................................................3

2.1.1

Tnh hnh sn xut lan trn th gii v Vit Nam .........................................3

2.1.1.1............................................................................................................................. T
nh hnh sn xut lan trn th gii ...........................................................................3
2.1.1.2............................................................................................................................. T
nh hnh sn xut lan Vit Nam.............................................................................3
2.1.2.

Gii thiu chung v ging lan Cymbidium......................................................5

2.1.2.1.

Phn loi ....................................................................................................5

2.1.2.2.

c im hnh thi.................................................................................... 5

2.1.2.3.

iu kin sinh thi ...................................................................................6

2.1.3.

Gii thiu chung v ging lan Dendrobium ...................................................7

2.1.3.1.

Phn loi ....................................................................................................7

2.1.3.2.

c im hnh thi.....................................................................................7

2.1.3.3.

iu kin sinh thi ...................................................................................8

2.2.

Cc

thut

nhn

ging

trn

cy

lan

11
2.2.1.

Giao phn.......................................................................................................11

2.2.2

Phomg php chit tch .................................................................................11

2.2.3.

K thut nhn ging in vitro .........................................................................11

2.2.3.1.

Lch s .....................................................................................................11

2.2.3.2.

Cc k thut nhn ging in vitro..............................................................12

2.2.3.3.

Tin trnh nhn ging in vitro .................................................................14

2.2.3.4.

Cc yu t nh hng n nhn ging in vitro........................................14

2.2.3.5............................................................................................................................ n
g dng ca k thut nui cy m ...........................................................................15
2.3.

Vai tr cc cht iu ha sinh trng..................................................................16

2.3.1.

Auxin .............................................................................................................16

2.3.1.1............................................................................................................................ L
ch s pht hin ra auxin..........................................................................................16
2.3.1.2............................................................................................................................ Gi
i thiu v NAA......................................................................................................17
2.3.1.3.
2.3.2.

Vai tr ca auxins ....................................................................................17

Cytokinin .......................................................................................................18

2.3.2.1............................................................................................................................ L
ch s pht hin ra cytokinin ...................................................................................18
2.3.2.2.

Gii thiu v BA......................................................................................18

2.3.2.3.

Gii thiu v TDZ....................................................................................19

2.3.2.4.

Vai tr ca cytokinin ...............................................................................19

2.4.

Nhng nghin cu v nui cy in vitro trn 2 ging lan Dendrobium v

Cmbidium ......................................................................................................................19
2.4.1.

Ging lan Cymbidim....................................................................................19

2.4.2.

Ging lan Dendrobium ..................................................................................20

2.5.

Gii thiu v phi soma v protocorm................................................................21

2.5.1.

Gii thiu v phi soma.................................................................................21

2.5.1.1.

Khi nim.................................................................................................21

2.5.1.2.

c im..................................................................................................21

2.5.1.3.

Phn loi ..................................................................................................21

2.5.1.4.

Cc loi phi ............................................................................................21

2.5.1.5.

Vai tr ......................................................................................................22

2.5.2.

Gii thiu v protocorm ................................................................................22

2.5.2.1.

Khi nim.................................................................................................22

2.5.2.2.

c im..................................................................................................22

2.5.2.3.

Vai tr

PHN 3: VT LIU V PHNG PHP NGHIN cu......................................24

3.1....................................................................................................................................... V
t liu nghin cu ..........................................................................................................24
3.2....................................................................................................................................... Ph
ng php.....................................................................................................................25
3.2.1................................................................................................................................. B
tr th nghim..........................................................................................................25
3.2.1.1........................................................................................................................... N
i dung 1: Trn ging lan Cymbidium ...................................................................25
3.2.1.2........................................................................................................................... N
i dung 2: Trn ging lan Dendrobium .................................................................27
3.3.2.

Cc ch tiu theo di ...............................................................................28

3.3.2.1........................................................................................................................... Sa
u 60 ngy nui cy..................................................................................................28
3.3.2.2........................................................................................................................... Sa
u 90 ngy nui cy..................................................................................................29
3.2.4.

Phn tch thng k .........................................................................................29

PHN 4: KT QU V THO LUN ........................................................................30

4.1.
4.1.1.

Ging lan Cymbidium..........................................................................................30

Th nghim 1: nh hng ca BA v NAA ln qu trnh nui cy in vitro

ca ging lan Cymbidium.................................................................................................30

4.1.2.

Th nghim 2: nh hng ca TDZ v NAA ln qu trnh nui cy in vitro

ca lan Cymbidium ..........................................................................................................35

4.2.
4.2.1.

Lan Dendrobium..................................................................................................40
Th nghim 1: nh hng ca BA v NAA ln qu trnh nui cy in vitro

ca cy lan Dendrobium...................................................................................................40
4.2.2.

Th nghim 2: nh hng ca TDZ v NAA ln qu trnh nui cy in vitro

ca cy lan Dendrobium...................................................................................................45
4.3.
4.3.1.

Nhn xt chung....................................................................................................51
So snh gia cc mi trng nui cy in vitro ln s hnh thnh phi soma,

protocorm v chi n 2 ging lan Dendrobium v Cymbidium.....................................51

4.3.2.

So snh kh nng hnh thnh phi soma, protocorm v chi gia 2 ging lan

Dendrobium v Cymbidium .............................................................................................52

PHN 5: KT LUN V NGH..............................................................................55
5.1.

Kt lun ...............................................................................................................55

5.2.

ngh ................................................................................................................55

TI LU THAM KHO.................................................................................................56
PHU LUC.........................................................................................................................58
Bng...........................................................................................................................Trang
Bng 4.1: nh hng ca BA v NAA n kh nng pht sinh phi soma,
to protocorm v hnh thnh chi ca cy lan Cymbidium
sau 60 ngy nui cy in vitro.........................................................................30
Bng 4.2: nh hng ca BA v NAA n s sinh trng v pht trin
ca chi lan Cymbidium sau 90 ngy nui cy in vitro..................................33
Bng 4.3: nh hng ca TDZ v NAA n kh nng pht sinh phi soma,
to protocorm v hnh thnh chi lan Cymbidium sau 60 ngy nui
cy in vitro .....................................................................................................35
Bng 4.4: nh hng ca TDZ v NAA n s sinh trng v pht trin
chi lan Cymbidium sau 90 ngy nui cy in vitro .......................................38
Bng 4.5: nh hng ca BA v NAA n kh nng pht sinh phi soma,
to protocorm v hnh thnh chi ca cy lan Dendrobium
sau 60 ngy nui cy in vitro.........................................................................40
Bng 4.6: nh hng ca BA v NAA n s sinh trng v pht trin
chi lan Dendrobium sau 90 ngy nui cy in vitro ......................................43
Bng 4.7: nh hng ca TDZ v NAA n kh nng pht sinh phi soma,
to protocorm v hnh thnh chi ca cy lan Dendrobium
sau 60 ngy nui cy in vitro..........................................................................46
Bng 4.8: nh hng ca TDZ v NAA n s sinh trng v pht trin