CNG NGH

CH BIN CAO SU

GVHD : Th.S Thnh Thanh Sn

SVTH : Nguyn Dng Quang Khi
Nguyn Cao Vit
Nguyn Th Th Thi
Nguyn Th Minh Hin
Nguyn Ngc Anh Huy
Nguyn Trng Khi
V Quc Tun
V Th Minh Trang
Phm c Thnh
Thanh Minh
Trn Thanh Thng
Please keep your questions until the end of this

LI NI U
Cao su l vt liu polyme quan trng trong
i sng con ngi .
Ty theo tnh cht ca sn phm ngi ta
s dng loi cao su thch hp
Ngnh cng nghip ch bin cao su Vit
Nam ra i t nhng nm 1950 nhng n
nay vn cha pht trin tng xng vi v
tr mt nc c ngun nguyn liu cao su
di do

NI DUNG
Phn A : TNG QUAN
Phn B : CNG NGH CH BIN
CAO SU THIN NHIN
Phn C : CNG NGH CH BIN
CAO SU TNG HP

PHN A :
TNG QUAN

CAO SU THIN NHIN :

Lch s hnh thnh :

- Ngi chu u u tin bit n cy cao

su c l l Christophe Colomb.
- 1819, Thomas Hancock (Anh) khm ph
ra qu trnh nghin hay cn do cao su
gip cng nghip cao su tin trin vt
bc.
- 1839, Charles Goodyear (Hoa K) pht
minh ra qu trnh lu ha cao su

CAO SU THIN NHIN :

- 1877, cy cao su u tin du nhp vo
ng Dng l do J.B Louis Pierre em
trng ti Tho Cm Vin Si Gn.
- 1897, dc s Raoul ly ht ging ti Java
em v gieo trng ti ng Ym (Bn Ct).
- Yersin ly ging Colombo em gieo
trng ti vin Pasteur ti Sui Du (Nha
Trang) nm 1899-1903

CAO SU THIN NHIN :

Khai thc m cao su thin nhin
Phng php co :
- Co na vng : xon c na vng thn cy
p dng cho cy tr
- Co nguyn vng (Socfin) : xon c nguyn
chu vi thn cy
p dng cho cy trng thnh
- Co 2 bn vng : xon c 2 na chu vi thn
cy

CAO SU THIN NHIN :

Khai thc m cao su thin nhin
iu kin co
- Vng thn >45cm, o cao 1m
- 50% s cy t tiu chun
- Rch 1 ng t tri sang phi, dc 30o

ng co m u tin

Vng v co
V ang co
Mng
dn

ng co m
cui cng ca thn cy

B mt
v cy
ca t
co m
u tin

Chn hng m

CAO SU THIN NHIN :

CAO SU THIN NHIN :

CAO SU TNG HP

Lch s :
- T nhng nm 1890, nhu cu phi to cao
su tng hp xut hin.
- Nm 1879, Bouchardt ch to c mt
loi cao su tng hp t phn ng trng
hp isopren trong phng th nghim.
- Cao su Styren-Butadien (cao su Buna S)
l sn phm ng trng ngng ca
butadien v styren, ngy nay, n chim
mt na sn lng cao su tng hp ton

CAO SU TNG HP :

nh ngha :

- L cht do c con ngi ch to vi chc

nng l cht co gin
- c to ra t phn ng trng ngng cc cu
trc n bao gm :
isopren (2-methyl-1, 3-butadien)
1,3-butadien, clopren (2-cloro-1,3butadien)
isobutylen (methylpropen) vi mt lng
nh phn trm isopren cho lin kt chui.

PHN B :
CNG NGH CH BIN
CAO SU THIN NHIN

M CAO SU THIN NHIN

Thnh phn

T l (%)

Nc

52 60

Cao su (C5H8)n

37 54

Protid

2 2,7

Glycerin

1,6 3,6

Glucid

1,5 4,2

Lipid

0,2 0,7

K, Mg, P, Ca,Cu,Fe,Mn,.

M CAO SU THIN NHIN

Khi qut :
- Latex : m cao su trng thi nm l lng
trong dung dch cha nhiu cht v c v
hu c.
Phn lng (serum): nc, mt s cht
ha tan.Thay i tu ging, ma co,
tui
Phn rn: gm m cao su, v cc ho
cht khng tan to thnh th huyn ph
l lng trong serum

PHN LOI M CAO SU THIN NHIN

CC VN XY RA I VI LATEX
Tnh n nh latex

4.7

CC VN XY RA I VI LATEX
S ng c :
ng c t nhin
ng c bng acid
ng c bng mui hay cht
in gii, ng cbng cn/
aceton
ng c bng cch khuy
trn, ng c bi nhit

CC LOI CAO SU THNH PHM

Cs t RSS (Ribbed smoked sheets):
RSS1, RSS2, RSS3, RSS4, RSS5
Cs t ICR (Initial concentration rubber):
ICR1,ICR2, ICR3, ICR4
Cs t ADS (Air Dried Sheets)
Cs Crpe: Crepe trng , Crpe nu
Cs cm bn SVR: SVR3L, SVR5, SVR
CV50, SVR CV60, SVR10, SVR20
M c c

Cng ngh ch bin cao su

thin nhin
Nguyn l chung

Qui trnh

S LC CC PP GIA CNG
Gia cng ha hc
Gia cng c hc
Gia cng nhit
Cn, p, bao b, ng gi, bo qun

SN XUT M LATEX C C
Phng php lng:
Do c s khc bit v khi lng
ring gia phn kh (cao su) v serum
nn c th p dng hin tng lng
tch t nhin pha cao su, tuy nhin
qu trnh ny xy ra chm.

 tng tc cho qu trnh lng tch

phn lp ngi ta cho thm vo mt s
loi hp cht c nhng tnh cht sau:
Gim lc hp th gia lp v ca
ht latex v nc trong serum.
Lm tng khi lng ring pha
serum nhm tng s khc nhau v
khi lng ring.
Khng gy hin tng keo t trong
qu trnh phi trn.

 Phng php bay hi t nhin:

- Dng cho keo dn cng nghip
- Phng php ny thng c s dng
rng ri
- chng hin tng keo t do amoniac
b bay hi,ngi ta thng cho thm
vo dung dch KOH 5% v mui natri
ca axit bo lm cht nh ha

 Phng php in gii :

Bnh in phn c 3 ngn, 2 ngn ba l

2 ngn cha in cc v cht in gii
long (NH3).

 Cc phn t cao su trong m nc c

xu hng bm vo mng chn (mng

bn thm Cellophan), v ng li to
thnh mt lp cch in, khng cho
ngun in i qua s dng o nghch
chiu dng in cc ngn cc phn
t cao su trc ra v ni ln

 Phng php kem ha:

- Cho vo latex ti 1 cht gip hin
tng ha thnh kem ca latex xy ra
nhanh chng.Latex long b phn
thnh 2 phn: phn di l serum
khng c 1 lng cao su no phn trn
l latex m c nh kem.
- Nhng cht kem ha latex thng dng
l DD alginal sodium, goml adragante
agar-agar

 Phng php ly tm :
L mt phng php c s dng
nhiu nht. Da vo s khc bit gia
t trng ca cc phn cao su v t trng
ca serum.

 Phng php kt hp:

Ly tm + kem ho
Kem ho/ ly tm + bc hi

SN XUT CAO SU T
Cao su t xng khi RSS (Ribbed smoked
sheets) :
- Latex khi nh my c tip nhn, lc qua
ry bng kim loi
- Pha long : 12.5 15%
- lng trong khong 15 pht
- nh ng bng acid acetic (CH3COOH) ,
hoc formic (HCOOH) c nng 2-5% w/v
pH = 4.6- 4.9

SN XUT CAO SU T
Cao su t xng khi RSS (Ribbed smoked sheets) :

- Cn : my cn nhiu trc t 1-2m2 (e=2.53.5mm)

- Sy :
G1 : 40-45oC
G2 : 50-55oC
G3 : 60-65oC
- ng dng : lm mt lp t, cc sn phm i
hi tnh khng t cao, khng mn, cng nh
cng cao .

Loi

M t

RSS1

CS kh sch, nguyn vn, xng khi u, khng b phng dp, khng

ct sn, khng c ngoi vt
C t vt mc kh rt nh trn bao b, khng xm nhp bn trong
Khng c m hay sc b oxy ha, khng c t mng b qu nhit
Khng m nhiu khi c, khng b chy xn

RSS2

CS kh sch, nguyn vn, xng khi u, khng b phng dp, khng

ct sn, khng c ngoi vt
<5% bnh ly mu c t nha v t mc kh bn trong
Khng c m hay sc b oxy ha, khng c t mng b qu nhit
Khng m nhiu khi c, khng b chy x

RSS3

Ging RSS2 nhng < 10% s bnh lymu

RSS4

Ging RSS3 nhng < 30% s bnh lymu

C th chp nhn mt vi ngoi vt, bt kh, vt dc oxy ha, phng
dp, m nhiu khi.nhng vi 1 mc nht nh

RSS5

Di cc loi trn

SN XUT CAO SU T
Cao su t ICR (Initial concentration
rubber):
- SX t m nc khng pha long
- nh ng trong khun hnh tr trn
- Ct lng thnh tm e ~ 3-5mm, di
1-1.5m sau khi nh ng
- Cn th, cn vn, cn ra
- Treo ln goong, ro 2-5h
- Sy (iu kin ging RSS)

Loi

ICR1

ICR2

ICR3

ICR4

Ch tiu
Mu

Bt kh

Tp
cht

Trng
thi cao
su

Vng,trong,
ng u

Vng,trong,
ng u

Vng, trong ,t
ng u

Khng ng
u

Rt t, nh v
phn tn

Nh v phn
tn

Ln, d=0.5cm
v phn tn

B phng dp
nhiu

Gn nh khng Rt t chm en C chm en

c chm en
nh
nh, cch nhau
1cm

C nhiu chm
en

Kh,chn u,
khng chy
dnh

Chn u, hi
chy dnh

Kh, chn u,
khng chy
dnh

Kh, chn u,
khng chy
dnh

SN XUT CAO SU T
Cao su ADS (Air Dried Sheets) :
- Latex c dng phi rt t b oxy ho
bi enzym cng t cng tt.
- Dng natri sulfit (Na2SO3) bo qun
vi lng 0.06% w/w trn cao su kh.
- Pha long xung DRC 15%
- Thm dung dch natri meta-bisulfit 5% vi
liu lng 0.04 % trn DRC

SN XUT CAO SU T
Cao su ADS (Air Dried Sheets) :
- Cn t 1/8inch
- Treo cho ro nc 2-4h
- Sy : 49-600C trong 4 ngy
- ng dng : ch to mt s sn phm c bit
:ming m, nt knh np cc hp n v
sn phm i hi cao su c tnh tinh khit cao
v c mu sng .

SN XUT CAO SU KHI

(CM,BN)
Cao su khi t latex (3L,CV,5) :

SN XUT CAO SU KHI

T LATEX
Cht lng m

SN XUT CAO SU KHI

T LATEX
X l m :

SN XUT CAO SU KHI

T LATEX
nh ng :

SN XUT CAO SU KHI

T LATEX
nh ng

SN XUT CAO SU KHI

T LATEX
Cn ko (Crusher)

SN XUT CAO SU KHI

T LATEX
Cn p (Creper)

SN XUT CAO SU KHI

T LATEX
Bm tinh (Shredder)

SN XUT CAO SU KHI

T LATEX
Xp hc v ro

SN XUT CAO SU KHI

T LATEX
Sy

SN XUT CAO SU KHI

T LATEX
Cn v p bnh
Khi lng : 33 1/3
0.5kg
Di : 670 20mm
Rng : 330 20mm
Cao : 170 5mm

SN XUT CAO SU KHI

T LATEX
Bao gi v xp kho

SN XUT CAO SU KHI

(CM,BN)
Cao su khi t m ng ( SVR 10,20 ) :

SN XUT CAO SU KHI

T M NG
Cht lng m ng v m chn

SN XUT CAO SU CREPE

Cao su Crepe trng :
- Cao su crep trng (pale crep) v crep
giy (sole crep) l nhng cao su cao cp
- p ng c nhng tiu chun rt cht
ch ca nh sn xut sn phm sau cng v
mu sc
- ng dng : l loi cao su rt kh ch bin
nn dng trong cc sn phm c bit i
hi tinh khit cao ,cng nh cc sn
phm trng trong.

QUY TRNH SN XUT CAO SU

CREPE TRNG
- Latex : c bo v mt cch tt nht. Dng
Natri slufit lm cht chng ng, liu
lng : 0.06% trn latex.
- Pha long latex : DRC 20 25 %, dng thm
Metabi-sulfit natri vi t l 0.05% trn DRC
- Ty trng : trc y thng dng l
RUPEPB 31(xylyl mercaptan) khong 0.1%
trn cao su kh; hin nay rt kh tm.

QUY TRNH SN XUT CAO SU

CREPE TRNG
- nh ng : dng DD acid formic ( 1% w/v)
vi t l 3-4 ml/kg cao su kh . DD metabisulfit natri 1% w/v ph b mt khi ng
- Cn khi ng : mt b my cn crep Ti
thiu l 6 my , cn ti thiu 18 ln c
dy sau cng l 1mm .
- Sy : nhit thp khang 32oC (90oF ) ,
sy phng sy hoc qua ng sy bng g
v sy trong khong 5- 6 ngy.

SN XUT CAO SU CREPE

Cao su Crepe nu :
- Nguyn liu : Phn latex ng v qui tc
bm dnh xng s ch + cn tha bn
cha
- Ngm nc : 10-15h
- Cn : xut tm mng
- Treo cao su trn gi ri lm kh nhit
phng hay sy trong khng kh nng

CC YU T NH HNG N
CHT LNG CAO SU
Hm lng cht bn
Hm lng tro
Hm lng cht bay hi
Hm lng nit
do ban u P0
Ch s duy tr do PRI
Ch s mu Lovibond (knh mu chun
Lovibond)

CC PHNG PHP KiM NGHIM

i vi m nc: xc nh hm lng
cht kh (TSC%),hm lng CS kh
(DRC%), hm lng amoniac trong m
nc .
i vi cao su khi: xc nh cht bn,
hm lng tro, hm lng nit, cht bay
hi, do ban u, ch s duy tr do
PRI,ch s mu

CC THIT B DNG TRONG

CH BiN CAO SU
My ct ming

CC THIT B DNG TRONG

CH BiN CAO SU
My p ct th

CC THIT B DNG TRONG

CH BiN CAO SU
My bm

CC THIT B DNG TRONG

CH BiN CAO SU
My cn cao su

CC THIT B DNG TRONG

CH BiN CAO SU
My cn ct

CC THIT B DNG TRONG

CH BiN CAO SU
My trn m

CC THIT B DNG TRONG

CH BiN CAO SU
My la m

CC THIT B DNG TRONG

CH BiN CAO SU
My bm cm

PHN C :
CNG NGH CH BIN
CAO SU TNG HP

Mt s cao su tng hp
quan trng
Cao su SBR (styren-butaien):
Tg= -54oC -64oC

Mt s cao su tng hp
quan trng
Cao su NBR (nitril):
Tg= -9oC -45oC

H2C

CH CH

CH2

CH2 CH
m

CN

Mt s cao su tng hp
quan trng
x

Cao su IIR (butyl):

Tg= -67oC -75oC

Mt s cao su tng hp
quan trng
Cao su CR (clopren):
Tg= -43oC -45oC

Mt s cao su tng hp
quan trng
Cc phng php sn xut:
Cao su
SBR
NBR
IIR
CR

Nh
tng

Dung dch
Cation

Anion

ZN

Huyn
ph ZN

Mt s cao su tng hp
quan trng
Quy trnh tng hp SBR:

Mt s ng dng tin tin ca

cao su tng hp:
Lm da robot:

Mt s ng dng tin tin ca

cao su tng hp:
Rn cao su - Anaconda :

Mt s ng dng tin tin ca

cao su tng hp:
in thoi xanh ca tng lai - Nokia Morph:

Thank you!!
Merry Christmas & Happy New Year!

VIT NAM V CH