Mc lc

Chng 1.
GII THIU CHUNG V THIT B LY TM
I. C s khoa hc v phn loi qu trnh ly tm, my ly tm ...................2
II. Cc thit b ly tm huyn ph ..........................................................3
1) My ly tm lc .................................................................................4
a. Cc my ly tm lm vic gin on ......................................4
a.1. My ly tm ba chn ...........................................................4
a.2. My ly tm kiu treo .........................................................5
a.3. My ly tm nm ngang tho b bng dao .........................6
b. Cc my ly tm lm vic lin tc ..........................................7
b.1.My ly tm nm ngang lm vic lin tc, tho
b bng pittng ...............................................................7
b.2. My ly tm tho b bng lc ly tm ................................. 8
2) My ly tm lng ................................................................................9
a. My ly tm lng nm ngang tho b bng vt xon ..............10
b. My phn ly siu tc loi da ................................................12
c. My ly tm siu tc loi ngn ...............................................14
d. My ly tm siu tc loi ng .................................................15
Chng 2.
NG DNG MT S THIT B LY TM DNG
TRONG CNG NGHIP SA HIN NAY .............................17
I.Thit b ly tm tch bo .............................................................................17
II.Thit b ly tm tch vi sinh vt ..................................................................17
1. Thit b ly tm c mt dng that sn phm ........................................18
2. Thit b ly tm c 2 dng that sn phm ............................................20
3. Thit b ly tm xut x Thy S - hng Tetra Centri ...........................22
III.Thit b ly tm ca mt s nc trn th gii ...........................................23

MY LY TM
CHNG 1 : GII THIU CHUNG V THIT B

LY TM
I. C S KHOA HC V PHN LOI QU TRNH LY TM, MY LY
TM
Ly tm l qu trnh s dng lc ly tm phn ring cc cu t c khi lng
ring khc nhau. ng lc ca qu trnh l lc ly tm v yu t khc bit phn
ring l khi lng ring. S khc bit khi lng ring cng ln th qu trnh
phn ring c thc hin cng d dng.
Da vo i tng phn ring, qu trnh ly tm c th c phn loi nh sau :
- Ly tm phn ring hai cht lng khng tan vo nhau : h nh tng
nc trong du (w/o) hoc h nh tng du trong nc (o/w)
- Ly tm phn ring h huyn ph : qu trnh thng c s dng
lm trong cc huyn ph - cn gi l ly tm lng
- Ly tm lc
- Ly tm tch cc cu t l lng trong pha kh : qu trnh thng c
s dng tch bi t khng kh.
Cc my dng phn chia cc h khng ng nht trong trng ly tm gi l
my ly tm. C th phn loi my ly tm theo du hiu khc nhau:
Theo qu trnh phn ly: my ly tm lng; my ly tm lc
Theo phng thc lm vic: my ly tm lm vic gin on, my ly tm
lm vic lin tc v my ly tm t ng
Theo kt cu ca b phn tho b: my ly tm tho b bng dao; my ly
tm tho b bngvt xon; my ly tm tho b bng pittng
Theo gi tr yu t phn ly phn ra my ly tm thng v my ly tm siu
tc
Theo kt cu trc v phn ra: my ly tm ba chn v my ly tm treo.
Khi la chn my ly tm cn phi da vo cc c tnh cng ngh ca chng
v cc tnh cht l hc ca vt liu em gia cng ( phn tn ca pha rn,
nht ca pha lng v nng ca n ).
Nng huyn ph bng t s ca lng pha rn v tng lng huyn ph.
Nng huyn ph c th th hin bng phn trm theo khi lng hay phn
trm theo th tch. Hiu nng gia pha rn v pha lng cng ln th nng sut
ca my ly tm lng cng cao.
Lc ly tm Pl ( N ) l ng lc ca qu trnh ly tm :
m.v 2 G. 2 .R G.R. 2
Pl

900

Trong : - m : khi lng ca my v cht lng , kg

- v : vn tc bin , m/s
2

- R : bn knh trong ca thng quay , m

- G : trng lng ca vt th quay , N
: tc gc ca thng quay , /s
.

30

- g : gia tc ri t do , m / s 2

Yu t phn chia l mt trong nhng chun c bn chn my ly tm.

Yu t phn chia xc nh gia tc ca trng ly tm c pht trin trong
my, c bao nhiu ln ln hn gia tc trng lc. Yu t phn chia c xc
nh theo cng thc :
2 .R R. 2
fp

900

Yu t phn chia cng cao th kh nng phn chia ca my cng ln. Yu

t phn chia s tng ng k khi tng s vng quay ca roto. K hiu nng
sut ca my l ch s c bn ca my hot ng :
Trong : Fl l din tch b mt lng ca xilanh , m 2
II.CC THIT B LY TM HUYN PH
Cc my ly tm c ng dng rng ri tch cc tiu phn n nh trong
dung dch cc cht hot ho sinh hc, cc dung dch ru khi ch phm hot
ho lm lng metanol, axetol v cc dung mi hu c khc, tch sinh khi khi
dung dch canh trng, cng nh vic phn chia cc hn hp cht lng hay
huyn ph.
Cc h phn tn th thng c phn chia di tc ng ca trng lc. Tuy
nhin khi t trng ca cc cu t c chnh lch nh v nht ca cht
lng khng ng nht cao th s lng xy ra rt chm. Do ng sut ca trng
lc ly tm qun tnh ln hn nhiu ln ng sut ca trng trng lc, cho nn
vic phn chia di tc ng ca trng lc ly tm xy ra rt nhanh v hon
ton.
Trong cc thit b cng nghip vic phn chia bng phng php ly tm
c ng dng tch cc tiu phn c kch thc t 25mm n 0,5m.
Phng php ly tm da trn c s ca trng ly tm ti h khng ng
nht gm hai hoc nhiu pha. Ly tm cc h cht lng khng ng nht c
thc hin bng hai phng php : lc ly tm qua tng t l ca roto, vch
lc c t phn trong roto ( my ly tm lc ) v qua roto lng c on ng
lin ( my ly tm lng ). Cc my ly tm thuc hai dng ny c bt kn, c
thit b in an ton v thi cn pha trn bng phng php th cng. Dn
ng my ly tm c thc hin t ng c qua truyn ng bng dy ai hnh
thang. Trong cc my loi ny c kho lin ng cho ng c v np v khi
gim p sut kh tr trong cc khoang v di 1470 Pa. Cc chi tit ca my
tip xc vi sn phm c ch to bng thp 12X18H10T.
ng thi cc my ly tm tng hp kt hp c hai nguyn tc phn chia
lc - lng cng c s dng.
3

1) My ly tm lc
My ly tm lc dng phn ring huyn ph c kch thc pha rn tng
i ln. Trn thnh rto ca my ly tm hc khoan nhiu l hoc lm bng
li. ng knh l trn thnh rto thng trong gii hn 3-8 mm. Bn trong
thnh rto c li c kch thc nh lc c ht cc huyn ph.
Nu ng knh cc ht rn 1-2 mm, th vch ngn lm bng thp tm mng
v c khoan cc l nh c ng knh khong 1- 1,5 mm. Nu cc ht rn
nh hn na th phi dng li kim loi c l hnh vung vi kch thc l
li 0,1-0,5 mm. Nu kch thc ht rn nh hn dng lp vi bng si bng,
si gai hoc len v.v..

Hnh 3. Qu trnh lc ly tm bng li lc (vch ngn lc)

Phn loi :
a) Cc my ly tm lm vic gin on
a.1 My ly tm ba chn
y l loi my lm vic gin on, c th tho b bng tay, bng dao hoc
bng kh ng, thng dng ly tm huyn ph cha cc ht rn nh, trung
bnh hoc lm kh b lc.
My gm c rto c bao bc bi v. Thn my gn vi v c t trn
3 l xo cnh nhau 1200. ng c lp trn thn my ni vi bnh ai pha
di ri truyn sang trc my lm quay rto.
u im ca my l c th lm vic vi ti trng lch tm tng i ln
nh c cc l xo gim chn. im treo ca kt cu nm trn trng tm phn
treo nn khi lm vic my rt n nh. Trc my ngn nn my gn, chc chn,
tin li cho vic tho b bng tay.
Nhc dim ca my l trc v b phn truyn ng t di nn d b
n mn ho hc .

Hnh 4. My ly tm lm vic gin on tho b bng dao

a.2 My ly tm kiu treo
Loi my ny dng phn ring huyn ph mn v trung bnh, do n
thng c dng trong cc nh my ng, nh my ho cht, thc phm
v.v..
Cc b phn kt cu chung ca my ly tm kiu treo gm roto ng v trc
si, u trn ca trc c lp vo gi hnh cu. Gi hnh cu c t cao hn
trng tm ca h quay v l h ca cc lc nm trong cc, c ta t do trn
b mt cu ca v bc b dn ng.
Lp v ca b dn ng trn thanh thp dc hnh ch U. Dn ng c
thc hin t ng c ni vi trc my ly tm qua khp n hi.
Np huyn ph t trn vo my ly tm lc khi s vng quay ca roto gim,
sau tng s vng quay n tr s ln nht, vt , ra v li vt cht lng.
Trong cc my ly tm lng th huyn ph c np vo khi tc quay ca
roto hot ng. Dng phanh ai gn trong m ca b dn ng hm my ly
tm, cng nh dng ng c in c kt cu cho php hm khi quay ngc
chiu. V cng l thng ng phn lc, t c tho ra qua khp ni
nm di y thng. My ly tm dng H khng c bt kn, chng c
trang b roto c g trn t l, b iu chnh mc ti trng roto. My ly tm
OH c trang b thm o hi un nng. Cht lc c tho ra khi roto
mt cch lin tc qua ng thi di ng, cn cn ( t c lp b dy ln nht )
th tho gin on vo thng cha khi gim s vng quay ca roto n 100
vng/pht.
c tnh k thut ca my ly tm H v OH

u im ca loi my ny l trc v b phn truyn ng khng b cht

lng n mn, vic tho b tng i nh nhng v nhanh hn loi my ly tm
ba chn.
V cc my ly tm lm vic vi s vng quay rt ln nn d ngt in,
trc quay vn cn quay do qun tnh rt lu. nhanh chng dng my ta phi
dng c cu phanh hm. i vi cc myly tm treo, trc c th o xung
quanh phng thng ng khi phanh, do c cu phanh phi cu to sao cho
khi phanh p lc gy ra hai pha ca phanh phi u nhau.
khc phc nhc im tho b bng tay nng nhc, nng sut thp ngi
ta ch to loi my ly tm treo tho b t ng. Loi my ny ch khc my ly
tm treo bnh thng l phn di c dng hnh nn vi gc nghing ln hn
gc ri t nhin ca b. Khi rto dng li th b t trt xung theo thnh nn
v ra khi rto.
a.3 My ly tm nm ngang tho b bng dao
Cc loi my ly tm trn y, lc tho b u phi hm my, do mt thi
gian v tiu hao nng lng v ch. Loi my ly tm nm ngang tho b bng
dao cng lm vic gin on nhng tt c cc giai on u c t ng ho
nn thi gian ca mt chu k ngn hn loi tho b bng tay.

Hnh 5. My ly tm tho b bng dao c ca tho y

Sau khi m my cho rto quay th cho huyn ph vo rt theo ng tip liu
(trn ng c lp mt van c bit). Sau khi huyn ph vo lng yu cu
th van ng li v xy ra qu trnh ly tm. Lp b trong rto ngy cng dy ln
v khi m bo chiu dy quy nh th xy lanh lc h pittng xung ko theo dao
co b, co thnh lp mng ri xung mng hng pha di. Nh vy dao ly b
ra mt cch gin on v chuyn ng xoay ca dao l nh chuyn ng tnh
tin ca pittng.
b) Cc my ly tm lm vic lin tc
Trong cc my ly tm lm vic lin tc, huyn ph (hay nh tng) lin tc
c cho vo, cn nc trong v b lin tc c ly ra. Loi ny gm c cc
loi my ly tm khc nhau.
b.1 My ly tm nm ngang lm vic lin tc, tho b bng pittng
u im ch yu ca loi my ny l lm vic lin tc nn nng sut cao. So
vi my ly tm tho bng dao th c kt cu gn, chc hn, nng lng tiu th
trn mt n v sn phm nh hn. Tuy nhin my cn c mt s nhc im
nh kt cu phc tp, tiu tn nng lng khng u theo thi gian, li lc
chng mn do b ma st vi pittng y b.
Loi my ly tm ny dng ly tm huyn ph c (50% pha rn tr ln),
kch thc ht khong 0,04-0,12mm. Thng dng ly tm cc huyn ph m
pha rn dng tinh th nh (NH4)2SO4, NaCl, CaSO4 ,v.v..
My gm c mt pittng chnh lp cht ln mt u ca cn y, cn u kia
ca cn y th lp pittng ca xylanh lc iu khin bng du hoc kh nn. Cn
y nm trong trc rng, mt u trc rng lp cht rto, u kia lp bnh ai
7

chuyn ng. Cn y cng quay vi trc rng phn phi u huyn ph,
ng thi chuyn ng tnh tin qua li 12-16 ln/gi y b ra khi roto.

Hnh 6. S nguyn l my ly tm lc lm vic lin tc

c piston y pha rn
b.2 My ly tm tho b bng lc ly tm
My ly tm tho b bng lc ly tm gm c roto lc hnh cn, lp cngxn trn trc thng ng, trc quay trn cc . c t trn cc b
gim chn bng cao su. Rto quay c nh ng c qua b phn truyn ng
ai. Nguyn liu lin tc chy thnh dng vo trong rto hnh cn. Do tc dng
ca lc ly tm, huyn ph di chuyn dc theo li lc ca roto. Cht lng c
tch ra qua l li ca rto, cn b c ra sch v lm kh. Thnh phn lng
i vo b phn cha hnh vnh khn, phn b rn chuyn ng ln trn vng ra
khi rto v c a vo thng cha.

Hnh 7. My ly tm lin tc r to hnh nn t tho b

Gc nghing ca rto lc phi bo m cho huyn ph chuyn ng ln pha
trn, di tc ng ca p sut phn nguyn liu mi a vo. L ca li lc
ca roto lc hnh cn dng khe c chiu rng khong 0,04-0,15mm. V th m
sc cn ca li lc rt ln, tng ng vi sc cn ca b (c chiu dy
khong vi milimet).
2) My ly tm lng
Khi phn chia huyn ph trong cc my ly tm lng, cc tiu phn rn c
t trng ln hn t trng cu t cht lng c lng xung ( di tc ng
ca lc ly tm trong on ng roto ) to thnh lp vng khuyn. Cu t
lng cng to thnh lp vng khuyn nhng nm gn trc quay hn, cht
lng trong c dn ra ngoi qua mp trn hay nh ng ht ; cn c tho
ra theo hnh trnh x hay sau khi thit b ngng. Vic phn chia nh tng
xy ra tng t : tng roto to ra lp cht lng nng, cn gn trc quay
lp cht lng nh.

Hnh 2.Qu trnh lng ly tm trong huyn ph v phn ring nh tng

a. My ly tm lng nm ngang tho b bng vt xon
My ly tm lng nm ngang c ng dng phn chia huyn ph c hm
lng th tch pha rn t 1% n 40%, c kch thc cc tiu phn ln hn 25m v sai khc gia t trng pha rn v pha lng ln hn 200kg/m3 . Theo chc
nng cng ngh, cc my ly tm c chia lm 3 nhm : lm trong v phn cp,
lng vn nng v lng bng phng php kh nc.

10

Trong cng nghip thc phm loi my ny dng tch tinh bt ra khi
nc qu, trong cc ngnh cng nghip khc dng phn ring pha rn v pha
lng.
My gm c hai rto. Rto ngoi c dng hnh nn hoc tr-nn, rto trong
c dng hnh tr m mt ngoi ca n c gn vt ti. Rto trong v rto ngoi
quay cng chiu nhng rto trong quay chm hn rto ngoi 1,5-2 % (khong 20
-100vg/ph) nh hp gim tc vi sai. Rto trong c c cc l dn huyn ph
nhp liu. Gc nghing phn hnh nn ca rto khong 9-100 . Qu trnh lng
xy ra trong khong khng gian gia hai rto, b bm vo mt trong ca rto
ngoi v c vt ti y v pha ca tho b. Nc trong i v pha ngc li,
chy qua cc ca trn y ri i ra ngoi. Trong phn rto khng b ngp nc,
b va c a ra khi rto va c lm kh.

C th iu chnh ch lm vic ca my bng cch thay s vng quay

hoc thay chiu di lng khi ta xoay cc ca chy trn. L chy trn cng gn
trc quay th lp nc cng su, chiu di lng cng di, lng c cc ht c
kch thc nh.

11

u im ca my ly tm lng nm ngang l phn ly c huyn ph mn,

nng sut ln.
Nhc im l tn nhiu nng lng tho b, tn tht trong hp gim tc
vi sai ln, b b vn nt, nc trong cn ln nhiu ht rn; my lm vic nng n,
n o.
b. My phn ly siu tc loi da
My phn ly siu tc loi da c nhiu loi: loi h, loi kn, loi na kn,
loi tho b bng tay v bng ly tm. y l nhm c nhiu my nht trong cc
loi my ly tm siu tc. My ly tm siu tc loi da dng phn li huyn ph
c hm lng pha rn nh hoc phn ly nh tng kh phn ly. My ly tm siu
12

tc loi da dng tch b trong sa, tinh luyn du thc vt v lng trong cc
cht bo.
B phn ch yu ca my l rto gm cc da chng ln nhau vi mt
khong cch thch hp. Nu phn li nh tng trn cc da u c khoan l, da
gia cc l phi nm trn ng thng thng ng, qua sn phm ban u i
vo khe h gia cc da. Khong cch gia cc da 0,4-1,5mm. Da trn c gi
nh cc gn trn mt ngoi ca da di. nghing ca da nn cn m
bo ht vt liu trt xung t do (thng gc na nh nn t 30-500)

Hnh 9. My ly tm lng phn ly nh tng kiu da

My c th lm vic gin on hoc lin tc. My lm vic gin on trong
trng hp tho b bng tay. Do dung tch khong khng gian ca lp bn phn
li khng ln nn my ly tm tho b bng tay s dng hiu qu khi thnh phn
ht l lng n 0,05% th tch.
u im ca loi ny l mc phn ly cao, th tch roto ln. Nhc im
l cu to v lp rp kh, nht l vi mi trng n mn.

13

Hnh 10. My ly tm lng lm trong huyn ph

c. My ly tm siu tc loi ngn
My ly tm siu tc loi ngn thng dng phn ring huyn ph c hm
lng pha rn t, kch thc pha rn nh, nh. Khng dng phn li nh tng.
Trong cng nghip thc phm, my phn li siu tc loi ngn thng c dng
lm trong nc qu, lm trong ru, bia, tch cc tp cht trong du thc vt,
trong xng, sn v du bi trn.
My gm c roto lp trn trc quay thng ng. Pha trong ca roto t cc
vch ngn hnh tr ng tm.Huyn ph cho vo ng nhp liu ln lt qua
khng gian gia cc ngn trong roto. Di tc dng ca lc ly tm, pha rn lng
cc thnh trong ca cc ngn v c tho ra ngoi khi dng my. Nc trong
c dn ra ngoi qua rnh b tr ngn ngoi cng.
Loi ny ch dng phn ring cc huyn ph mn (khng phn ring nh
tng), th d nh tch cc tp cht trong du, xng, cc loi sn, nc qu v.v..
My thng quay vi s vng quay 5000-10000 vg/ph, vi s ngn t 5-10.
My ny m bo c c hai nguyn tc: tng chiu di lng v gim chiu dy
lp cht lng nn gim c lng ht rn i theo nc trong. My lm vic lin
tc v khi cc vch ngn cha y b th dng my v tho b bng tay.

14

d. My ly tm siu tc loi ng
y l loi my c roto nh v di phn ring cc huyn ph v nh
tng. ng knh ca roto vo khong 200 mm, t l gia chiu di roto vi
ng knh ca n khong 5-7. Nu my dng phn ring huyn ph th u
trn ca roto (np roto) ch c mt l nc trong i ra, cn b c gi li
trong thnh roto v c tho ra bng tay. Nu my dng phn ring nh tng
th np rto c hai l thot: l gn trc thot pha nh, l kia thot pha
nng. Nh tng a vo rto di p sut 0,25-0,3 at qua da phn phi v i ra
khong khng gian gia roto v cc tm chn (c gn dc theo chiu di ca
roto, gm ba tm cch nhau 1200).
Khi phn ly nh tng cho pha nng v pha nh khng trn ln nhau th
dng tm tch sao cho bn knh lp phn chia phi nm trong vnh khn ca tm
tch.

Hnh 11. My ly tm siu tc loi ng

15

Cc b phn tip xc trc tip vi sn phm u c ch to bng thp

12X18H10T v 20X13. Khoang bn trong ca khung bng gang c ph lp sn
chu axit. u im : gn, tin li cho cc thao tc v c s vng quay ln mc d
ng knh roto nh.
c tnh k thut ca mt s model

16

CHNG 2: NG DNG MT S THIT B LY TM DNG

TRONG CNG NGHIP SA HIN NAY

I.THIT B LY TM TCH BO
Nguyn liu sa c xem nh l mt h nh tng du/nc. Thit b ny
cn c gi l thit b phn ring h nh tng. Trong nhm thit b ny bao
gm hai dng thit b
-

My ly tm siu tc loi a.

- My ly tm siu tc loi ng
II. THIT B LY TM TCH VI SINH VT
Nguyn liu sa c xem nh mt h huyn ph, trong pha rn l vi
sinh vt v cc tp cht rn c mt trong sa. Trong nhm thit b ny bao gm
hai dng thit b :
-

My ly tm siu tc loi a.

- My ly tm siu tc loi ng
Ly tm tch vi khun c tc ly tm cao hn so vi ly tm tch bo, dng
tch cc vi khun v bo t ca vi khun. Ly tm sa thng khng phi l rt
hiu qu trong vic loi b tt c vi sinh vt, nhng n c s dng lc
sa. Thit b ly tm tch vi khun c gi l bactofuge c s dng loi b
cc vi khun chu nhit v cc vi khun khc trong sa trc khi tit trng sa.
Thit b ny c s dng loi b cc loi vi khun chu nhit v bo t ca
chng nh Clostridia sp (Clostridium tyrobutyricum) v Bacillus sp, nhng vi
khun ny nu khng c loi b vn c th tip tc hot ng d sa c
tit trng. Bng cch s dng thit b ly tm tch vi khun sa s c thi gian s
dng lu hn, hng v tt hn, s t bo vi khun m c thp hn v gim
c nhng tp cht c trong sa. Vic ly tm tch vi khun loi b c 95%
ca bo t c trong sa, iu c ngha l cc nguy c c lin quan n s sinh
trng v pht trin ca vi khun v bo t vi khun d khng c loi b hon
ton nhng c gim thiu rt nhiu.
Phn dch sa m my ly tm tch ra khi sa nguyn liu, trong c
cha casein, vi khun v cc phn ca t bo vi khun (gi l sa c hm lng
vi sinh vt cao) chim khong 0.2-3% th tch sa nguyn liu (ty thit b s
dng).i vi sa tch bo, nu s dng ly tm tch bo gim c 95% vi
khun th c th s dng tip phng php siu lc gim s vi khun n
99%.

17

1) Thit b ly tm c mt dng thot sn phm

Ch c mt ca thot dnh cho dng sa tch vi sinh vt, t pha trn
nh thit b. Phn t bo vi sinh vt v bo t ca chng ( chim 0.2-0.3%) di
tc dng lc ly tm bm vo thng quay, s c tho ra theo nh k.

a)

b)
Hnh 12. Thit b ly tm sa mt dng

18

c tnh k thut mt s thit b ly tm mt dng thot sn phm

Thng s
Nng
sut
(l/h)

Bnh thng

BB 610 BB 714
HGD
HGV
5000
15000

Model
BB 618
HGV
25000

BB 818
HGV
35000

BB 918
HGV
45000

Ti a
u vo
u ra sa cha t
VSV

10000
63.5
51.0

25000
63.5
63.5

45000
63.5
63.5

50000
63.5
63.5

60000
63.5
63.5

L
B
H
Cng sut (kW)
Tn s (Hz)
in th (Volt)
Vn tc quay a (rpm)
Th tch cn (l)
Th tch Nc iu khin
Nc
Nc tho ra cn
Nc lm mt
ng c, ra thit
b
p sut nn kh
khng
x kh
kh
(kPa)
p sut u vo
(kPa)
u ra
Ting n (dB)
Khi lng thit b (kg)

1590
1370
1405
18.5
3~50
400
6240
4.0
0,5
15.0
150

1730
1285
1670
22
3~50
400
5120
10
0,5
20.0
150

1730
1285
1780
25
3~50
400
4265
17.0
0,5
25.0
150

1730
1285
1780
37.0
3~50
400
4600
17.0
0,5
25.0
150

1730
1285
1780
42.0
3~60
400
4850
17.0
0,5
25.0
150

300
600

300
700

300
700

300
700

300
700

400
600
75
1000

600
700
78
1000

700
700
80
1500

700
700
80
1500

700
700
80
1500

ng
knh ng
dn
(mm)
Kch
thc
(mm)
M t

19

2)Thit b ly tm c hai dng thot sn phm

a)

b)
Hnh 13. Thit b ly tm sa hai dng
c tnh k thut mt s loi thit b ly tm hai dng thot sn phm :
Thng s

Nng sut
(l/h)

Bnh thng
Ti a

BM 714
HGV
15000
20000

Model
BM 618
BM 818
HGV
HGV
25000
35000
30000
40000

BM 918
HGV
50000
60000

20

Th tch dng sa cha nhiu vi

khun/ th tch sa nguyn liu
%
ng knh u vo
ng dn
u ra sa cha t
(mm)
VSV

3-10

3-10

3-10

3-10

63.5
51.0

63.5
51.0

63.5
51.0

63.5
51.0

u ra sa cha
nhiu VSV
Kch thc L
(mm)
B
H
M t
Cng sut (kW)
Tn s (Hz)
in th (Volt)
Vn tc quay a (rpm)
Th tch cn (l)
Nc
Nc iu khin
Nc tho ra cn
Nc lm mt
ng c, ra thit
b
p sut
nn kh
khng kh
x kh
(kPa)
p sut
u vo
(kPa)
u ra
Ting n (dB)
Khi lng thit b (kg)

63.5

63.5

63.5

63.5

1730
1285
1700
22.0
3~50
400
5120
9.0
0,5
25.0
150

1730
1285
1850
25
3~50
400
4265
16
0,5
25.0
150

1730
1285
1850
37
3~55
400
4600
16.0
0,5
25.0
150

1730
1285
1850
42.0
3~60
400
4850
14.0
0,5
25.0
150

300
700

300
700

300
700

300
700

600
700
78
1000

700
700
80
1500

700
700
80
1500

700
700
80
1500

Cc my ly tm dng ny cho php tho b lin tc trong qu trnh ly tm.

Thit b loi ny gm mt thng quay c cu trc c bit c hai khe thot sn
phm. Khe tho dng sa c hm lng vi sinh vt thp t pha trn nh thng,
khe tho dng sa c hm lng vi sinh vt cao hn (chim 2-3%) t pha bn
hng thng. Nhng khe ny c gi ng cht lai bng p sut. Trong thi gian
khong 0.15 s, p sut c iu chnh cho cc khe ny m ra, khi th tch lp
cu cn trong thit b c y ra ngoi. iu ny c ngha l bt c lc no mt
th tch t 8 n 25 L c th c y ra ngoi theo chu k 60 pht.

21

III. THIT B LY TM XUT X THY S - hng Tetra Centri

Trong sut mt chng ng lch s di hn 1 th k, cc thit b ly tm ca
Tetra Park c thc t chng minh t c hiu qu cao trong cc ngnh
cng ngh sn xut ung.Truyn thng tip tc c duy tr bng mt lot cc
mu m thit b mi c nng sut cao hn, t c hiu sut v nng lng, co
nhiu tiu chun mi thch hp c p dng trong mt phm vi rng ln.
Cc thit b ly tm ca hng Tetra Park hoat ng theo cng ngh mi Tetra
Centri Air-Tight, thit b hon ton kn kh do bn ly tm c lm y. c
im thit k mi ca thit b ch c 1 ca dn kh ra- vo, bo m thit b
hot ng nh nhng, sa t b tn tht, qu trnh c din ra hon ton
Nguyn tc hot ng chung ca thit b ly tm hng Tetra-Centri :
Sa c bm vo t mt trc rng nm pha di cng ca thit b ly tm.
Ca ng dn kh vo ng li ngn chn s xm nhp ca khng kh. Tc ca
cc sn phm sa c gia tng nh nhng ngn nga nhng thit hi cho sn
phm v cho php thit b hot ng t c hiu qu rt cao. C ch ng kn
hon ton trong thit b ( ngn kh xm nhp vo hoc thot ra khi thit b)
din ra khng lin tc gip sa c bm vo mt cch t t, do tc sa
bm vo thit b cng gia tng t t. ng knh ca ng bm c thit k sao
cho p sut t c u ra ca nguyn liu l ti u ph hp cho cc thit b
trong cc quy trnh sau. Vi thit k nh trn cho php gim phn thit k c kh
cho thit b (phn ng sut tc dng ln thit b gim). cht lng ca thit b
vn c duy tr v ton b phn din tch thit b c gim thiu s em li li
ch v mt nng lng, chi ph nng lng s dng cho thit b (khi th tch thit
b gim) cng c gim theo. phn cn lng tch c gi li trong thit b v
ly ra lin tc mt cch t ng theo thi gian. S dng dng nc iu khin
vic ng v m cc van trong thit b.
Sau khi s dng, cn s dng ha cht ty ra lm sch hon ton thit
b, khi ra tht b, ngita s dng phng php lm sch bng acid v kim bo
m cc cht nhy, cht cn lng tch ly trong thit b c tho hon ton ra
khi thit b.
B iu khin thit b c kt ni vi my vi tnh.
Ton b cc b phn ca thit b c lm bng thp khng g. cc thit b
i km vi thit b ny nh ng c in c v cng lm bng thp khng g,
cyclone thu hi cht cn cng lm bng thp khng g.
Mt thit b tiu chun l bao gm cc b phn: ng c in, cc a c
cu to theo tiu chun, van kha kh t ng, cyclon thu hi cn, vng

22

xon hp thu nng lng ng hc ca cn lc b thit b c cc bch ni

c b tr pha ngoi thun li cho vic ty ra , lm sch.

Hnh 14. Tht b ly tm tch bo khi dch whey

IV.THIT B LY TM CA MT S NC TRN TH GII

23

Hnh 17. Gii thiu mt s hnh nh thit b ly tm hng Westfalia (C)

Tht b ly tm a chng hng Flottweg

24

Hnh 18. FLOTTWEG DISC STACK CENTRIFUGE AC 2500

ng dng :
-

Sn xut lactoza v casein. My ly tm c s dng cho dch sa tch

phomat. Cc a FLOTTWEG chng ln nhau.

Ngoi ra tht b ny cn c ng dng rng ri trong cc ngnh cng

nghip khc nh Cng nghip ung, cng nghip thc n, ha hc/ hiu
thuc, ng vt/ du, du khong thc vt

THIT B LY TM XUT X ITALY _hng Seital S.r.l

25

Hnh 19. Seital SE 05X Separator

Cc thng s chnh ca thit b:
-

Type: SE 05X

Serial Number: M 00629

Stock code: 3250

Max Solid / sludge density - 1.35 kgs/dm3

Max product density - 1.1 kgs/dm3

Max product temperature - 95 deg C

Milk skimming capacity - 1,200 l/hr

Whey skimming, standardisation, milk cleaning capacities - 1,800 l/h

Bowl capacity 3lit

Solid chamber capacity - 1.3 litres

Milk Standardization Capacity: up to 1.800 l/hr

Milk Cleaning Capacity: up to 1.800 l/hr

Capacity: 1200 lit

Bowl Speed (rpm): 8000

Throughput (l/hr): 1200 Frequency (hz): 50

Voltage (volts): 230 / 400

Current (amps): 8.2 / 4.75

Power (kw): 1.85

Speed (rpm): 1450

Other: Comes complete with base plate, set of tools, operation manual and
parts list

Overall Dimensions ( L x W x H ): 660mm x 600mm x 890mm & Net

weight - 160 Kgs

26

Thit b ly tm hng SEITAL

Hnh 20. Thit b ly tm hng SEITAL

Nhng my ly tm a SEITAL cho nhng cng nghip ha cht, dc hc,
sa, ung, du v s lm sch nhng du khong. c s dng trong qu
trnh k thut cho nhng nhim v phn tch c bn sau:
-

Lm sch nhng cht lng

S tch nhng cht lng

S tp trung

S khi phc cht rn

Nhng my ly tm a Seital c th c cung cp trong nhng thit k cht,

c bo v bi v n luyn kim, kh

27