Bi 1. S IN lI.

1. Natri florua (NaF) trong trng hp no di y khng dn in?

A. dd NaF trong nc B. NaFnng chy C. NaF rn khan
D. dd NaF c tao thnh khi ha tan cng s mol NaOH v HF trong nc.
2. Cc dd sau y c cng nng mol, th dd no dn in km nht?
A. HCl B. HF
C. HI D. HBr.
3. dd no di y dn in tt nht?
A. NaI 0,002M
B. NaI 0,010M C. NaI 0,100M D. NaI 0,001M
4. V sao kh nng dn in ca dd nc vi trong gim dn theo thi gian khi ngoi
khng kh?
5. Vit Pt in li ca cc cht trong dd cha:
a. cc cht in li mnh: BeF2, HBrO4, K2CrO4.
b. cc cht in li yu: HBrO, HCN.
6. Tnh nng mol ca cc ion trong dd sau:
a. NaClO4 0,020Mb. HBr 0,050M
c. KOH 0,010M d. KMnO4 0,015M
1
+
7. Trong dd CH3COOH 0,43.10 M, ngi ta xc nh c nng ion H bng
0,86.103 mol/l. hi c bao nhiu phn trm phn t CH3COOH trong dd ny phn li
ra ion? s: 2,0%
Bi 2. AXIT, BAZ V MUI.
8. Theo Arniut, cht no l axit?
A. Cr(NO3)3
B. HBrO3 C. CdSO4 D. CsOH
9. Theo Arniut, cht no cu trn l baz?
o
10. Axit mnh HNO3 v axit yu HNO2 c cng nng 0,10 mol/l v cng t . s so
snh no ng?

A. H HNO3 < H HNO2 B. H HNO3 > H HNO2

H HNO = H HNO
2
3

D. NO3 HNO3 < NO2 HNO2

11. Vit Pt in li ca cc cht sau trong dd: axit mnh H2SeO4 (nc th nht in li
mnh); axit yu ba nc H3PO4 ; hiroxit lng tnh Zn(OH)2 Pb(OH)2 ; Na2HPO4;
NaH2PO4; axit mnh HMnO4; baz mnh RbOH
(
)
12. Vit Pt ha hc di dng ion rt gn ca cc phn ng chng minh rng Be OH 2 l
hiroxit lng tnh

13. Khi mt cht A tan trong nc to ra cc ion H v Cl O3 c cng nng mol. Vit
cng thc phn t
ca A v Pt in li ca n?
14. Hai hp cht A v B khi ha tan trong nc mi cht to ra hai loi ion vi nng
nh sau: [ Li ] = 0,10 mol/l ; [ Li ] = 0,10 mol/l ; [ Na ] = 0,01 mol/l ; [ ClO3 ] = 0,10
mol/l ; [ MnO4 ] = 0,10 mol/l. Vit cng thc phn t ca A, B v Pt in li ca chng
trong dd?
C.

Bi 3. S IN LI CA NC. pH. CHT CH TH AXIT BAZ.

15. Gi tr tch s ion ca nc ph thuc vo:
A. p sut
B. nhit
C. s c mt ca axit ha tan D. s c mt ca baz ha tan.
o
16. Ha tan mt axit vo nc 25 C, kt qu l:
A. [ H ] < [ OH ].
B. [ H ] = [ OH ].
1

C. [ H ] > [ OH ].
D. [ H ][ OH ] > 1,0.1014 .
o
17. Dung dch ca mt baz 25 C, c:
A. [ H ] = 1,0.107 M .
B. [ H ] < 1,0.107 M
C. [ H ] > 1,0.107 M
D. [ H ][ OH ] > 1,0.1014
15
.;
18. Tch s ion ca nc mt s nhit nh sau: KH2O(20oC) 7,00.10
KH2O(25oC) 1,00.1014. ; KH2O(30oC) 1,50.1014. Hi s in li ca nc l thu nhit hay ta

nhit?
o
19. Dng cc s liu bi trn. Hy xc nh mi trng axit, trung tnh, kim 20 C v
o
o
30 C da vo nng H (gi tr [ H ] to mi)? s: 20 C [ H ]= [ OH ]=8,37. 108
mol/l
o
7

20. *Nc nguyn cht 25 C c nng H = 1,0. 10 mol/l. Hi c bao nhiu phn
trm phn t H2O phn li ta ion to ny, bit DH2O 1,0g/ml ? s: 1,8.107 %
21. C 250,0ml dd HCl 0,40M. Hi phi thm bao nhiu ml nc vo dd ny c dd
c pH=1,00 (coi nc phn li khng ng k). s: 750,0ml
3
22. Cn bao nhiu gam NaOH pha ch thnh 250,0ml dd c pH=10,00? s: 1,0. 10
g
23. Ch dng thuc th phenolphtalein, hy trnh by cch phn bit ba dd cng nng
mol sau: KOH, HNO3, H2SO4.
Bi 4. PHN NG TRAO I ION TRONG DUNG DCH CC CHT IN lI.
24. Phn ng no di y l phn ng trao i ion trong dd?
A. Zn + H2SO4 ZnSO4 + H2
B. Fe(NO3)3 + 3KNO3 Fe(OH)3 + 3NaNO3
C. 2Fe(NO3)3 + 2KI 2Fe(NO3)2 + I2 + 2KNO3
D. Zn + 2Fe(NO3)3 Zn(NO3)2 + 2Fe(NO3)2
25. Phn ng no trong s cc phn ng di y l phn ng trao i ion trong dd, c
th dng iu ch HF?
o
A. H2 + F2 2HF.
B. NaHF
t NaF + HF
o
o
C. CaF2 + 2HCl
D. CaF2 + H2SO4
t CaCl2 + 2HF
t CaSO4 + 2HF .
26. Phn ng to thnh PbSO4 no di y khng phi l phn ng trao i ion trong
dd?
A. Pb(NO3)2 + Na2SO4 PbSO4 + 2NaNO3
B. Pb (OH)2 + H2SO4 PbSO4 + 2H2O
C. PbS + 4H2O2 PbSO4 + 4H2O
D. (CH3COO)2Pb + H2SO4 PbSO4 + 2CH3COOH.
(
)
27. Al OH 3 l hiroxit lng tnh. Phn t axit c dng HAlO2.H2O. Hy vit pt ha hc
di dng ion rt gn th hin tnh lng tnh ca n?
28. Dng phn ng trao i ion tch:
a. cation Mg2 ra khi dd cha cc cht tan Mg(NO3)2 v KNO3.
b. anion PO43 ra khi cc dd cha cc cht tan K3PO4 v KNO3.
29. Dng 6,00 kg CaF2 v H2SO4 d thu c 2,86 kg HF. Tnh hiu sut ca phn ng?
s: 92,9%
30. Trong y hc, dc phm Nabica (NaHCO3) l cht dng trung ha bt lng d
axit HCl tron d dy. Hy vit Pt ha hc di dng phn t v ion rt gn ca phn
2

ng . Tnh th tch dd HCl 0,0350M (nng axit trong d dy) c trung ha v

th tch kh CO2 sinh ra ktc khi ung 0,336g NaHCO3. s:8,96.102 l
2
, ngi ta ha tan mt
31. Mt mu nc cha Pb(NO3)2. xc nh hm lng Pb
lng d Na2SO4 vo 500,0ml nc . lm kh kt ta sau phn ng thu c 0,960g
PbSO4. Hi nc ny c b nhim c ch khng, bit rng nng ch ti a cho php
trong nc sinh hot l 0,10mg/ml ? s: 1,31mg/l nc nhim c Pb.
32. Ha tan 1,952g mui BaCl2.xH2O trong nc. Thm H2SO4 long, d vo dd thu
c. Kt ta to thnh c lm kh v cn c 1,864g. Xc nh5 cing thc ha
hc ca mui? s: BaCl2.2H2O.
33. ha tan ht 0,8g mt kim loi ha tr II trong 100,0ml H2SO4 0,50M. lng axit d
trung ha va vi 33,4ml dd NaOH 1,00M. Xc nh tn kim loi? s: Mg
34. Tnh nng mol ca dd HCl, nu 30,0ml dd ny phn ng va vi 0,2544g
Na2CO3. s: 0,160M
(
)
35. Trong y hc dc phm sa magie (cc tinh th Mg OH 2 l lng trong nc), c
dng tr chng kh tiu do d axit (HCl). trung ha ht 788,0ml dd HCl 0,0250M
trong d dy cn bao nhiu ml sa magie, bit rng trong 1,0ml sa magie cha 0,080g
Mg(OH)2 ? s: 10ml.
36. Ha tan 0,887g hn hp NaCl v KCl trong nc. X l dd thu c bng mt lng
d dd AgNO3. lc kt ta xy kh cn c 1,913g. tnh thnh phn % tng cht trong
hn hp. s: KCl :56,4%
Bi 5. lUYN TP. AXIT BAZ V MUI. PHN NG TRAO I ION
TRONG DUNG DCH CC CHT IN lI.

37. Mt mu nc ma c pH= 4,82. vy [ H ] l:

A.1,0.104 M B.1,0.105 M C. 1,5.104 M D.1,5.105 M
38. dung dch axit mnh mt nc X nng 0,010mol/l c pH= 2,00 v dd baz mnh
mt nc Y nng 0,010mol/l c pH= 12,00, Vy:
A. X v Y l cc cht in li mnh
B. X v Y l cc cht in li yu
C. X l cht in li mnh, Y l cht in li yu.
D. X l cht in li yu, Y l cht in li mnh.
39. Dd axit mnh H2SO4 0,10M c:
A. pH= 1,00.
B. pH< 1,00.
C. pH> 1,00. D. [ H ] > 0,20M
40. C V(l) dd NaOH 0,60M. Nhng trng hp no di y lm pH ca dd NaOH
gim xung?
A. thm V(l) nc ct B. thm V(l) dd KOH 0,67M
C. thm V(l) dd HCl 0,30M
D. thm V(l) dd NaNO3 0,40M.
4

41. Nng H trong ru vang l 3,2. 10 M. Sau khi m np chai h trong khng
kh mt thng, nng H lc nu l 1,0.103 M. Hi pH ca ru vang tng ln hay
gim xung trong khng kh?
42. Vt pt phn t ng vi pt ion rt gn sau:
a. Ba2 + CO32 BaCO3
b. Fe3 + 3 OH Fe(OH)3
c. NH4 + OH NH3 + H2O
d. S2 + 2 H H2S
e. HClO + OH Cl O + H2O
3

g. CO2 + 2 OH CO32 + H2O

43. Vit Pt dng phn t v ion rt gn ca phn ng trong dd theo s sau:
a. Pb(NO3)2 + ? PbCl2 + ?
b. Cu(OH)2 + ? Na2CuO2 + ?
c. MgCO3 + ? MgCl2 + ?
d. HPO24 + ? H3PO4 + ?
e. FeS + ? FeCl2 + ?
g. Fe2(SO4)3 + ? K2SO4 + ?
44. ha tan hon ton 0,12g Mg trong 100,0ml dd HCl 0,20M. Tnh pH ca dd sau khi
phn ng kt thc (coi th tch dd thay i khng ng k). s: pH=1.
45. Trong nc bin, Mg c hm lng ln th hai sau Na. Mi kg nc bin cha
khong 1,3g magie di dng ion. nhiu quc gia, magie c khai thc t nc
bin. Qu trnh sn xut Mg t nc bin gm cc giai on sau: 1. Nung vi thnh
vi sng. 2. Ha tan vi sng trong nc bin to ra kt ta Mg(OH)2 .
3. Ha tan
(
)
k t ta Mg OH 2 trong dd HCl 4. in phn MgCl2 nng chy. Hy vit pt ha hc xy
ra di dng phn t v ion rt gn (nu c) ca qu trnh sn xut trn.
2
v Mg2 l nc cng. Nc cha t hoc khng cha cc
46. *Nc cha nhiu ion Ca
ion Ca2 v Mg2 l nc mn. Nc cng khng ph hp cho vic s dng trong cng
nghip v sinh hot. Trong nc thng cha cc hp cht Ca(HCO3)2, Mg(HCO3)2,
CaCl2, MgCl2 ha tan. loi cc ion Ca2 v Mg2 di dng Ca(HCO3)2, Mg(HCO3)2
v MgCl2 ngi ta cho vi sa Ca(OH)2 vo nc s to ra cc kt ta CaCO3 v
Mg(OH)2 . loi Ca2 di dng CaCl2 ngi ta ha tan Na2CO3 vo nc s to kt
ta CaCO3. Hy vit cc pt ha hc di dng phn t v ion rt gn ca cc phn ng
trn.
47. *C 6 dd ng trong 6 l mt nhn: Mg(NO3)2, Zn(NO3)2, Pb(NO3)2, AlCl3, KOH v
NaCl. Ch dng thm dd AgNO3 v mt thuc th na, hy trnh by cch nhn bit
tng dd. Vit cc Pt ha hc di dng phn t v ion rt gn ca cc phn ng nhn
bit .
Bi 7. NIT
48. Trong nhng nhn xt di y, nhn xt no l khng ng? A. Ngt nit c hai lp
e v lp ngoi cng c 3e.
B. S hiu ngt ca nit bng 7.
C. Ba e phn
lp 2p ca ngt nit c th to c ba lin kt cng ha tr vi cc ngt khc.
D. Cu hnh e ca ngt nit l: 1s22s22p3 v nit l ngt p.
49. Trong nhng nhn xt no di y, nhn xt no sai? A. Nit khng duy tr s h
hp v nit l kh c.
B. V c lin kt ba nn phn t nit rt bn v to
thng kh tr v mt ha hc. C. Khi tc dng vi kim loi, nit th hin tnh kh.
D. S oxi ha ca nit trong cc hp cht v ion: AlN, N2O4, NH4 , NO3 , NO2 , ln
lt l: 3, +4, 3, +5, +3.
o
50. Ch ra cht kh, cht oxi ha trong phn ng iu ch nit: NH4NO2
t N2 + 2H2O.
trong phn ng ny s oxi ha ca nit thay i nh th no?
51. Cho hn hp cc kh sau: N2, CO2, SO2, Cl2, HCl. lm th no thu c nit tinh
khit t hn hp kh trn. Gii thch cch lm v vit cc pt ha hc?
52. Trong mt bnh kn dung tch 10,0 l cha 21,0 g nit. Tnh p sut ca kh trong bnh,
bit nhit ca kh bng 25oC. s: P=1,83 atm
4

Nn mt hn hp kh gm 2,0 mol nit v 7,0 mol hiro trong mt bnh phn ng c

sn cht xc tc thch hp v nhit ca bnh c gi khng i 450oC. Sau phn
ng thu c 8,2 mol mt hn hp kh. a. Tnh phn trm s mol N2 phn ng. b.
Tnh th tch (ktc) kh amoniac c to thnh. s: a. 20% ; b. 17,9l.
53.

Bi 8. AMONIAC V MUI AMONI.

B.
54. Trong dd, amoniac l mt baz yu l do: A. amoniac tan nhiu trong nc.
phn t amoniac l phn t phn cc C. khi tan trong nc, amoniac kt hp vi nc
to ra cc ion NH4 v OH .
D. khi tan ttrong nc, ch mt phn nh cc phn t
amoniac kt hp vi ion H ca nc, to ra cc ion NH4 v OH .
55. C hin tng g xy ra khi tin hnh cc th nghim sau: 1. cho kh amoniac ly d
tc dng vi ng (II) oxit khi un nng.
2. cho kh amoniac ly d tc dng vi kh
clo. 3. cho kh amoniac tc dng vi oxi khng kh khi c platin lm cht xc tc
850 900oC. Vit cc Pt ha hc minh ha?
56. Dy no di y gm cc cht m nguyn t nit c kh nng va th hin tnh kh
va th tnh oxi ha khi tham gia phn ng? A. NH3, N2O5, N2, NO2. B. NH3, NO,
HNO3, N2O5.
C. N2, NO, N2O, N2O5. D. NO2, N2, NO, N2O3.
2NH3(k) ;
57. Phn ng tng hp amoniac l phn ng thun nghch: N2(k) + 3H2(k)
= 92kJ. Cn bng ca phn ng ny chuyn dch ntn khi bin i mt trong cc
iu kin sau y? Gii thch. 1. Tng p sut chung bng cch nn cho th tch ca
h gim xung.
2. Gim nhit . 3. Thm kh nit. 4. Dng cht xc tc thch
hp.
58. Cho lng d kh amoniac i t t qua ng s cha 3,2g CuO nung nng n khi
phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c cht rn A v mt hn hp kh. cht rn A phn
ng va vi 20,0ml dd HCl 1,00M. a. Vit pthh ca cc phn ng. b. Tnh th tch
kh nit (ktc) c to thnh sau phn ng. s: 224ml.
59. Trong nhng nhn xt di y v mui amoni, nhn xt no ng? A. Mui amoni
l cht tinh th ion, phn t gm cation amoni v anion hiroxit.
B. Tt c cc
mui amoni u d tan trong nc, khi tan in li hon ton thnh cation amoni v
anion gc axit.
C. Dd mui amoni tc dng vi dd kim c, nng cho thot ra cht
kh lm qu tm ha . D. Khi nhit phn nui amoni lun c kh amoniac thot ra.
60. Nu nhng c im khc nhau v tnh cht ha hc gia mui amoni clorua v mui
kali clorua. Vit Pthh minh ha?
o
a. ? + OH NH3 + ? b. (NH4)3PO4
61. Hon thnh cc pthh sau:
t NH3 + ?
o
c. NH4Cl + NaNO2 ? +? d. (NH4)2Cr2O7
t N2 + Cr2O3 + ?
62. Ch c dng mt kim loi, hy trnh by cch phn bit cc mui sau: NH4NO3,
(NH4)2SO4, K2SO4. Vit pthh ca cc phn ng xy ra.
(
)
a. Vit pthh ca phn
63. Cho dd Ba OH 2 n d vo 75,0ml dd mui amonisunfat.
ng dng phn t v ion thu gon
b. Tnh nng mol ca cc ion trong dd mui
ban u, bit phn ng to ra 17,475g mt cht kt ta. B qua s thy phn ca ion
amoni trong dd. s: [ NH4 ]=2,00mol/l ; [ SO24 ]=1,00mol/l.
Bi 9. AXIT NITRIC V MUI NITRAT.
A. Axit
64. Khi un nng, phn ng gia cp cht no sau y to ra ba oxit?
nitric c v cacbon.
B. axit nitric c v lu hunh. C. Axit nitric c v ng.
D. Axit nitric c v bc.
5

o
lp cc Pthh sau: a. Fe + HNO3
b. Fe + HNO3 l ? +
t ? + NO2 +?
NO + ?
c. FeO + HNO3 l ? + NO + ?
d. Fe2O3 + HNO3 l ? + ?
e.

FeS + H + NO3 ? + N2O + ? + ?

66. Ha tan bt km trong dd HNO3 l, d thu c dd A v hn hp kh gm N2 v N2O.
Thm NaOH d vo dd A, thy c kh mi khai thot ra. Vit pthh ca tt c cc phn
ng xy ra di dng ion rt gn.
67. C cc cht sau y: NO2, NaNO3, HNO3, Cu(NO3)2, KNO2, KNO3. Hy lp thnh
mt dy chuyn ha biu din mi quan h gia cc cht . Vit cc pthh v ghi iu
kin phn ng nu c.
68. Khi ha tan 30,0g hn hp ng v ng (II) oxit trong dd HNO3 1,00M ly d, thy
thot ra 6,72 l kh NO ( ktc). Tnh khi lng ca ng (II) trong hn hp ban u.
s: 0,450mol.
69. Ha tan mt oxit kim loi bng dd HNO3 d, to thnh 34,0g mui nitrat v 3,6g H2O
(khng c sn phm khc). Tm cng thc oxit v khi lng ca oxit phn ng. s:
natri
70. Vit ptthh th hin chuyn ha mui natri nitrat thnh mui kali nittrat, cc ha cht
coi nh c .
A.
71. Trong nhng nhn xt v mui nitrat ca kim loi, nhn xt no khng ng?
Tt c cc mui nitrat u d tan trong nc.B. Cc mui nitrat u l cht in li
mnh, khi tan trong nc phn li ra cation kim loi v anion nitrat.
C. Cc mui
nitrat u d b phn hy bi nhit.
D. Cc mui nitrat ch c s dng lm
phn bn ha hc trong nng nghip.
72. C nm l khng dn nhn ng rin tng dd: Al(NO3)3, NH4NO3, AgNO3, FeCl3,
KOH. Khng c dng thm thuc th no khc, hy nu cch phn bit cht trong
mi l. Vit pthh cc phn ng?

73. nhn bit ion NO3 trong dd, c th dng kim loi nhm kh ion NO3 trong mi
trng kim. Khi phn ng to ion aluminat Al O2 v gii phng kh amoniac. Hy
vit pthh dng ion rt gn.
74. Nhit phn hon ton 27,3g hn hp rn X gm NaNO3 v Cu(NO3)2, thu c hn
hp kh c th tch 6,72l (ktc). a. Vit pthh xy rab. Tnh thnh phn % v khi lng
mi mui trong X? s: NaNO3 31,1% ; Cu(NO3)2 68,9%.
65.

Bi 10. PHOTPHO
3

75. Xc nh s oxi ha ca photpho trong cc hp cht v ion sau: PH3, PO4 , H2PO4 ,
HPO24 ,P2O3, PCl5, HPO3, H4P2O7.
76.

SiO2 than hoat tnh,1200oC X

Vit cc pthh th hin s chuyn ha: Ca3(PO4)2

(1)

a,to HCl
O2d,to Z.

C(2)
Y (3) PH3

(4)

Hy ghp cc v A, B, C, D, E, G. Vi cc v 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7. c cu
ng? A. Ngt photpho c B. ngt photpho c C. ngt photpho c phn lp
3d D. trn 40oC photpho trng t bc chy trong khng kh E. photpho
ch bc chy trong khng kh
G. nhit thng photpho trng pht quang
1. m in nh hn so vi ngt nit. 2.cn trng, khng c cc e. 3. in
tch ht nhn ln hn so vi ngt nit.4. trong bng tt. 5. khi un nng n 250oC.
6. nn phi ngm trong nc. 7. khi chiu sng.
77.

t chy hon ton 6,2g photpho trong oxi d. Cho sn phm to thnh tc dng vi
150,0ml dd NaOH 2,0M. Tnh khi lng mui thu c?
79. t chy a gam photpho trong khng kh ly d, ri ha tan hon ton sn phm
vo 500,0ml dd H3PO4 85% (D=1,700g/ml). Sau khi ha tan sn phm, nng ca dd
H3PO4 xc nh c l 92,60%. Tnh gi tr a? s: 62,16g.
78.

Bi 11. AXIT PHOTPHORIC V MUI PHOTPHAT.

A. H ,
80. Dd axit photphoric c cha cc ion (khng k H v OH ca nc):
PO43
B. H , H2PO4 , PO43 .
C. H , HPO24 , PO43 .
D. H , H2PO4 , HPO24 ,
PO43 .
81. Vit pthh ca cc phn ng iu ch H3PO4 t qung apatit. Ti sao H3PO4 iu ch
bng phng php ny li khng tinh khit?
82. Cho cc cht: Ca3(PO4)2, P2O5, P, H3PO4, NaH2PO4, NH4H2PO4, Na3PO4, Ag3PO4. Hy
lp thnh mt dy bin ha biu din quan h gia cc cht trn. Vit Pthh v nu r
phn ng thuc loi no?
83. Bng phng php ha hc hy phn bit cc cht mt nhn ring bit gm: Na3PO4,
NaCl, NaBr, Na2S, NaNO3. Nu r hin tng v vit Pthh?
84. Trong dy no sau y tt c cc mui u t tan trong nc? A. AgNO3, Na3PO4,
CaHPO4, CaSO4. B. AgI, CuS, BaHPO4, Ca3(PO4)2.
C. AgCl, PbS, Ba(H2PO4)2,
Ca(NO3)2 . D. AgF, CuSO4, BaCO3, Ca(H2PO4)2.
85. Cho 62,0g canxi photphat tc dng vi 49,0g dd axit sunfuric 64,0%. lm bay hi dd
thu c n khan th c mt hn hp cht rn. Xc nh khi lng mi cht trong
hn hp rn? (Cho H=100%) s: CaHPO4 = 21,76g ; Ca(H2PO4)2 = 28,08g ; CaSO4 =
45,52g.
Bi 12. PHN BN HA HC.
86. Phn m ur thng ch cha 46,00% N. Khi lng ur cung cp 70,00kg N
l: A. 152,2(kg) B. 145,5(kg)
C. 160,9(kg)
D. 200,0(kg)
87. Phn supepphotphat kp thc t sn xut c thng ch ng vi 40,0% P2O5. Hm
lng ca canxi ihirophotphat trong phn bn ny l: A. 69,0%
B. 65,9% C.
71,3%
D. 73,1%
88. Phn kali clorua sn xut c t qung xinvinit thng ch ng vi 50,0% K2O.
Hm lng KCl c trong phn bn ny l: A. 72,9%
B. 76,0% C. 79,2% D.
75,5%.
89. T amoniac, vi, nc, khng kh v cc cht xc tc thch hp, hy vit cc pthh
iu ch phn m: a. canxi nitrat b. amoni nitrat.
(1) axit photphoric
(2)
90. Vit Pthh thc hin cho dy chuyn ha: Bt photphoric
amophot(3)
canxi photphat(4)
axit photphoric(5)
supephotphat kp.
91. Mt mu supephotphat n c khi lng 15,55g cha 35,43% Ca(H2PO4)2, cn li l
CaSO4. Tnh t l % P2O5 trong mu supephotphat n trn? s: 21,50%
3
92. Cho 40,32m amoniac (ktc) tc dng vi 147,0kg axit photphoric to thnh mt loi
phn bn amophot c t l mol l: nNH4H2PO4:n(NH4)2HPO4 4:1 . Vit Pthh ca phn ng to
thnh phn bn amophot v tnh khi lng (kg) ca amophot thu c? 177,6 kg.
Bi 13. luyn Tp. TNH CHT CA NIT, PHOTPHO V CC HP CHT
CA CHNG
(3)
(5)
NO
(1) NH3 (2) N
(4)
NO
93. Vit Pthh thc hin cho dy chuyn ha: a. NH4Cl
2
2
(6)
(7)
HNO
NaNO
NaNO2.
3
3
(8)

(8)

(4)
(5)
(6)
b. Ca3(PO4)2
P (2) P2O5 (3)
NaH2PO
Na2HPO
Na3PO4.
(1)
H3PO
4
4
4

(7)

Kh nit c th c th c to thnh trong phn ng ha hc no? A. t chy NH3

trong oxi c mt cht xc tc platin. B. Nhit phn NH4NO3. C. Nhit phn AgNO3.
D. Nhit phn NH4NO2.
A. axit nitric v ng (II) oxit.
95. Cp cht no sau y c th tn ti trong mt dd?
B. ng (II) nitrat v amoniac.
C. Bari hiroxit axit photphoric.
D. amoni
hirophotphat v kali hiroxit.
96. Vit pthh dng phn t v ion rt gn ca phn ng gia cc dd sau: a. Bari clorua v
natri photphat.
b. axit photphoric v canxi hiroxit, to mui axit t tan. c. axit
nitric c, nng v kim loi st d. natri nitrat, axit sunfuric long v kim loi ng.
97. C 4 l khng nhn ng ring bit tng dd long cc cht: H3PO4, BaCl2, Na2CO3,
(NH4)2SO4. Ch s dng dd HCl, hy nhn bit chng v vit Pthh ca cc phn ng.
98. Cho cc cht sau: 3Ca3(PO4)2.CaF2, H3PO4, NH4H2PO4, NaH2PO4, K3PO4, Ag3PO4.
Hy lp thnh mt dy bin ha biu din quan h gia cc cht trn. Vit Pthh cho dy
bin ha .
99. Ha tan ht 12,8g kim loi ha tr II trong mt lng dd HNO 3 60,0% (D=
1,365g/ml), thu c 8,96l mt kh mu nu duy nht (ktc). Tm tn kim loi v th
tch dd HNO3 dng? s: Cu ; V= 61,5ml.
100. Ha tan ht 70,40g kim loi R trong mt lng dd HNO3 60,0% (D= 1,365g/ml),
thu c 49,28l mt kh mu nu duy nht (ktc). Tm tn kim loi v th tch dd
HNO3 dng?
101. Rt dd cha 11,76g H3PO4 vo dd cha 16,80g KOH, tnh khi lng mui khan thu
c? 23,16g.
94.

Bi 15. CACBON.
102. Chn nhn xt khng ng? A. Kim cng l cacbon hon ton tinh khit, trong
sut, khng mu, khng dn in.
B. Than ch mm do cu trc lp, cc lp ln cn
lin kt vi nhau bng lc tng tc yu.
C. Than g, than xng c kh nng hp
ph cc cht kh v cht tan trong dd. D. Khi t chy cacbon, phn ng ta nhiu
nhit, sn phm thu c ch l kh cacbonic.
103. nhit cao, cacbon c th phn ng vi nhiu n cht v hp cht. Hy lp cc
Pthh sau v cho bit phn ng no cacbon th hin tnh kh (ghi r s oxi ha trong
tng phn ng). 1. C + S
2. C+ Al 3. C + Ca
4. C + H2O
5. C
+ CuO 6. C + HNO3 7. C + H2SO4 8. C + KClO3 9. C + CO2
A. than ch B. Than antraxit.
104. loi than no sau y khng c trong thin nhin?
C. than nu. D. than cc.
105. xc nh hm lng % cacbon trong mu gang trng ngi ta t mu gang
trong oxi d. Sau , xc nh lng kh CO2 to thnh bng cch dn qua nc vi
trong d, lc ly kt ta ra sch, sy kh ri em cn. Vi mt mu gang nng 5,00g
v khi lng kt ta l 1,00g. Tnh hm lng % cacbon trong mu gang. s: 2,4%.
106. t mt mu than ch cha tp cht lu hunh trong oxi. Cho hn hp kh thot ra
tc dng vi lng d dd brom, thy c 0,32g brom phn ng. Cho kh thot ra khi
dd brom tc dng vi lng d nc vi trong, thu c 10,00g kt ta.
a. Vit
pthh cc p xy ra.b. Xc nh % khi lng ca cacbon trong mu than ch. s:
94,9%.
Bi 16. HP CHT CA CACBON.
8

o
Hon thnh cc pthh sau (xc nh vai tr cht tham gia phn ng) 1. CO + O2
t ?
o
o
o
o
2. CO + Cl2
5. CO + I2O5
t ? 3. CO + CUO
t ? 4. CO + Fe3O4
t ?
t I2 + ?
o
6. CO2 + Mg
7. CO2 + CaO 8. CO2d + Ba(OH)2 9. CO2 + H2O
t ?

107.

nh sng
? 10. CO2 + CaCO3 + H2O ? 11. CO2 + H2O
cha
t die
p luc C6H12O6 + ?
108. Cn thm t nht bao nhiu ml dd Na2CO3 0,15M vo 25ml dd Al2(SO4)3 0,02M
lm kt ta hon ton ion nhm di dng Al (OH)3 ? (Cho phn ng to kh CO2). s:
10ml.
109. C cc cht: CO2(k), dd (NH4)2CO3, dd NaHCO3, dd Ba(HCO3)2, dd Na2SO4, dd
NaOH, dd BaCl2, CaO (r). Vit pthh dnh phn t v ion rt gn khi cho tng i mt
tc dng vi nhau.
110. Nung 48,8g mt hn hp gm NH4HCO3, NaHCO3, Ca(HCO3)2 n khi lng
khng i, thu c 16,2g cht rn. Ha tan rn ny vi dd HCl d, th c 2,24l kh
(ktc). Xc nh % khi lng mi mui trong hn hp. s: % NH4HCO3 = 32,4% ; %
NaHCO3 = 34,4% ; Ca(HCO3)2 = 33,2%

Bi 17. SIlIC V HP CHT CA SIlIC.

111. Hon thnh cc pthh (ghi r iu kin nu c). Xc nh vai tr ca Si trong cc
phn ng :
1. Si + X2:(F2; Cl2; Br2) ?
2. Si + O2 ?
3. Si + Mg ?
4. Si + KOH + ? K2SiO3 + ?
5. SiO2 + NaOH ?
112. Natri silicat c th c to thnh bng cch: A. un SiO2 vi NaOH nng chy.
B. cho SiO2 tc dng vi dd NaOH long. C. cho dd K2SiO3 tc dng vi dd
NaHCO3. D. cho Si tc dng vi dd NaCl.
113. Silic v nhm u phn ng c vi dd cc cht trong dy no? A. HCl, HF. B.
NaOH, KOH.
C. Na2CO3, KHCO3.
D. BaCl2, AgNO3.
114. Cho cc cht: silic, silic ioxit, axit silixic, natri silicat, magie silixua. Hy lp thnh
mt dy chuyn ha gia cc cht trn v vit pthh cho s .
115. Cho a gam hn hp X gm Si v Al tc dng vi dd NaOH d, thu c 1,792l
hiro (ktc). Mt khc, cng lng hn hp X nh trn khi tc dng vi dd HCl d, thu
c 0,672l hiro (ktc). Tnh a? s: 1,240g
Bi 18. CNG NGHIP SIlICAT.
116. loi thy tinh kh nng chy cha 18,43% K2O; 10,98% CaO v 70,59% SiO2 c
cng thc di dng oxit l: A. K2O.CaO.4SiO2.
B. K2O.2CaO.6SiO2.
C.
K2O.CaO.6SiO2. D. K2O.3CaO.8SiO2.
117. sn xut 100,0kg loi thy tinh c cng thc Na2O.CaO.6SiO2 cn phi dng
bao nhiu kg natri cacbonat? (cho H=100%).A. 22,17
B. 27,12
C. 25,15
D.
20,92.
118. Ti sao khng c dng cc chai l bng thy tinh ng dd axit flohiric?
119. D sn xut thy tinh loi thng thng, ngi ta nu chy mt hn hp gm ct
trng (SiO2), vi (CaCO3), s a (Na2CO3) 1400oC. Khi s to ra mt hn hp
cc mui natri silicat nng chy, ngui s c thy tinh rn. Hy vit pthh ca qu
trnh trn.
120. Clanhkexi mng Poolng gm cc hp cht canxi xilicat Ca3SiO5, Ca2SiO4 v canxi
aluminat Ca3(AlO3)2. Hy biu din cng thc ca cc cht trn di dng cc oxit v
tnh % khi lng canxi oxit trong mi cht? s: 73,7% CaO trong Ca3SiO5 ; 65,1%
CaO trong Ca2SiO4 ; trong Ca3(AlO3)2 c 62,2% CaO
9

Bi 19. lUYN TP. TNH CHT CA CACBON, SIlIC V CC HP CHT

CA CHNG.
A. Na2O, NaOH, HCl. B.
121. Cacbon phn ng vi tt c cc cht trong dy no?
(
)
Al, HNO3, KClO3.
C. Ba OH 2 , Na2CO3, CaCO3. D. NH4Cl, KOH, AgNO3.
A. CuSO4, SiO2,
122. Silic phn ng c vi tt c cc cht trong dy no?
H2SO4long.B. F2, Mg, NaOH. C. HCl, Fe(NO3)3, CH3COOH. D. Na2SiO3, Na3PO4,
NaCl.
(3)
(5)
(6)
SiO
CaSiO3.
(1) Si
(2) Na2SiO3 (4) H2SiO
123. Vit cc pthh cho s : SiO2
3
2
124. Hy dn ra ba phn ng trong CO th hin tnh kh v ba phn ng trong CO2
th hin tnh oxi ha.
H2CO3. Chuyn dch ntn khi: un nng dd; khi thm
125. Cn bng ny: CO2 + H2O
NaOH; khi thm HCl. Gii thch.
126. Cho 14,3g Na2CO3.10H2O vo 200,0g dd CaCl2 3,00%. Sau phn ng, cho t t
1,500l (ktc) kh CO2 vo hn hp thu c, lc ly kt ta. Tnh lng ta thu c?
bit ch c 60% lng CO2 tham gia phn ng.
s: 098g
Bi 20. M U V HA HC HU C.
A. tan trong nc ln. B.
127. So vi cc cht v c, cc cht hu c thng c?
bn nhit cao hn.
C. kh nng tham gia phn ng ha hc vi tc nhanh hn.
D. nhit nng chy thp hn. nhn xt no ng?
128. c tnh no chung cho phn ln cht hu c? A. lin kt trong phn t ch yu l
lin kt ion. B. dd c tnh dn in tt.
C. c nhit si thp. D. t tan trong
benzen.
129. Nung mt cht hu c X vi lng d cht oxi ha CuO, ngi ta thy thot ra kh
CO2, hi H2O v kh N2. A. cht X chc chn cha cacbon, hiro, c th c nit. B. X
l hp cht ca 3 ngt C, H, N. C. X l hp cht ca 4 ngt C, H, O, N.
D. cht X
chc chn cha cacbon, hiro, nit; c th c hoc khng c oxi. Chn nhn xt ng
nht.
130. Oxi ha hon ton 2,50g cht hu c A (cha 2 ngt), thu c 3,60g H2O. Xc
nh cc ngt trong A bng phng php nh tnh v nh lng? s: %H=16%,
%C=84%.
131. Oxi ha hon ton 5,00g cht hu c X, thu c 8,4l CO2 (ktc) v 4,50g H2O.
Tnh % khi lng tng ngt trong X? s: %C=90%, %H=10%.
132. t chy hon ton 2,50g cht hu c X cn 3,36l O2 (ktc). Ch thu c CO2 v
H2O, vi khi lng CO2 nhiu hn khi lng H2O l 3,70g.Tnh % khi lng tng
ngt trong X? s: %C= 60%, %H=8% , %O=32%
133. Oxi ha hon ton 6,15g cht hu c X, thu c 6,72l CO2 v 0,56l N2 (ktc) ;
2,250g H2O. Tnh % khi lng tng ngt trong X? s: %C= 58,5%, %H=4,1% ,
%O=26,0% , %N=11,4%
Bi 21. CNG THC PHN T HP CHT HU C.
A. Hai hp cht c cng cng thc n gin nht
134. Nhn xt sau y ng hay sai?
th bao gi cng c cng ctpt. B. Hai hp cht c cng ctpt th bao gi cng c cng
cng thc n gin nht. C. Nu bit bn cht cc ngt v % khi lng ca tng ngt
trong mt hp cht th c th lp cng thc n gin nht ca hp cht . D. Nu
bit bn cht cc ngt v % khi lng ca tng ngt trong mt hp cht th c th lp
cng thc phn t ca hp cht .
10

Nhn xt no ng? A. axetilen v benzen c cng ctpt v ctgn. B. axetilen v

benzen khc nhau v ctpt v ctgn. C. axetilen v benzen khc nhau v ctpt nhng
ging nhau v ctgn.
D. axetilen v benzen ging nhau v ctpt nhng khc nhau v
ctgn.
136. t chy hon ton 2,20g cht hu c X, ch thu c 4,40g CO2 v 1,80g H2O.
a. Xc nh ct n gin nht ca X. b. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca X bit khi
lng phn t X l 88 vC.
c. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca X bit t khi ca X
4
i vi heli ( 2He )bng 11.
d.Xc nh cng thc phn t ca X bit rng nu lm
bay hi 1,10g cht X th th tch hi thu c ng bng th tch ca 0,40g kh O2
cng nhit v p sut. s: a. C2H4O ; b. C4H8O2
137. t chy hon ton 2,85g cht hu c X cn 4,20l O2 (ktc). Ch thu c CO2 v
H2O theo t l 44: 15 v khi lng. a. Xc nh ct n gin nht ca X.
b. Xc
nh cng thc phn t ca X bit t khi ca X i vi C2H6 bng 3,8. s: a. C3H5O ;
b. C6H10O2
138. * t chy hon ton 4,10g cht hu c X, thu c 2,65g Na2CO3, 1,35g H2O,
1,68l CO2 (ktc). a. Xc nh ct n gin nht ca X.
b. Xc nh ctpt ca X bit X
cha mt ngt natri. s: C2H3O2Na
139. * t chy hon ton 4,45g cht hu c X cn 4,20l O2, thu c 3,15g H2O v
3,92l hn hp kh gm CO2 v N2. (cc kh ktc).a. Xc nh ct n gin nht ca X.
b. Xc nh ctpt ca X bit X cha mt ngt nit. s: C3H7NO2
135.

Bi 22. CU TRC PHN T HP CHT HU C.

140. Hai cht: HCOOCH3 v CH3COOH c: A. ctpt v ctct u ging nhau. B. ctpt v
ctct u khc nhau.
C. ctpt ging nhau nhng ctct khc nhau.
D. ctpt khc
nhau nhng ctct ging nhau. Nhn xt no ng?
A. Chng c
141. chn nhn xt ng v 2 cht: C6H5COOCH3 v CH3OOCC6H5?
cng ctpt nhng ctct khc nhau.B. Chng c ctpt khc nhau nhng ctct khc nhau. C.
chng c ctpt v ctct u khc nhau. D. chng c ctpt v ctct u ging nhau.
A. CH3CH2OCH3 B.
142. Cht ng phn vi cht CH3COOCH3 l:
CH3CH2COOH
C. CH3COCH3
D. CH3CH2CH2OH.
A. ctct
B. ctpt
143. Hai cht CH3CH2OH v CH3OCH3 khc nhau v:
C. s ngt cacbon
D. tng s lin kt cng ha tr.
144. Cht no l ng ng ca nhau? Cht no l ng phn ca nhau? Trong cc cht
sau: 1. CH3CH2CH3.
2. CH3CH2CH2Cl . 3. CH3CH2CH2CH3.
4.
CH3CHClCH3.
5. (CH3)2CHCH3. 6. CH3CH2CH=CH2.
7. CH3CH=CH2. 8.
CH2 CH2

CH2 CH2

9. (CH3)2C=CH2.

Hn hp kh A gm 2 hirocacbon k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. t chy ht

1,12l A, ri dn sn phm chy qua bnh (1) ng dd H2SO4 c, sau qua bnh (2)
ng dd NaOH d. Thy bnh (1) tng 2,16g v bnh (2) tng 7,48g. Xc nh ctpt v %
v th tch tng cht trong A. s: C3H4 60% v C4H6 40%
146. t chy ht 1,80g hn hp A cha 3 hirocacbon l ng phn ca nhau, thu c
2,8l CO2 (ktc). Bt t khi ca A i vi oxi l 2,25.
a. Xc nh ctpt cc cht
trong A
b. Da vo thuyt cu to ha hc, hy vit ctct dng khai trin v dng
thu gn ca tng cht trong A. s: C5H12 c 3 p.
147. t chy hon ton 6,45g hn hp A cha 2 cht hu c th lng k tip nhau
trong mt dy ng ng c 7,65g H2O v 6,72l CO2 (ktc). Nu lm bay hi 2,58g
A th th tch hi thu c ng bng th tch ca 1,40g kh N2 cng iu kin. Xc
145.

11

nh ctpt v % v khi lng ca tng cht trong A. s: C2H6O 53,5% v C3H8O

46,5%
148. t chy ht 1,50g hn hp A cha 3 cht hu c l ng phn ca nhau, cn 2,52l
O2 (ktc). sn phm ch c CO2 v H2O theo t l 11: 6 v khi lng. Nu lm bay hi
2,10g A th th tch hi thu c ng bng th tch ca 1,54g kh CO2 cng iu
kin. a. Xc nh ctpt cc cht trong A
b. Da vo thuyt cu to ha hc, hy
vit ctct dng khai trin v dng thu gn ca tng cht trong A. s: C3H8O c 3 p.
Bi 23. PHN NG HU C.
149. Phn ng: CH3COOH + CHCH CH3COOCH=CH2 thuc loi phn ng? A.
thB. cng C. tch
D. oxi ha hon ton.
O

Phn ng: 2CH3CH=O

Al (OC2H5)3 CH C OC H thuc loi phn ng? A. th B.
3
2 5
cng C. tch
D. oxi ha hon ton.
A. th B. cng
151. Phn ng: 2CH3OH CH3OCH3 + H2O thuc loi phn ng?
C. tch
D. oxi ha hon ton.
152. Phn ng: CHCH + 2AgNO3 + 2NH3 AgCCAg + 2NH4NO3. thuc loi
phn ng? A. th
B. cng
C. tch
D. oxi ha hon ton.
150.

153.

Phn ng:

CH3CH2 CH CH3
CH3CH=CHCH3 + H2O. thuc loi phn ng?

A. th
B. cng
C. tch
D. oxi ha hon ton.
a. CHCH + 2H2 CH3CH3. 2.
154. Phn ng no l phn ng cng, th, tch?
n
c C H OH + NaCl
ru
CH =CH +
C2H5Cl + NaOH
3. C2H5Cl + NaOH
2 5
2
2
NaCl +H2O 4. H2C=O + HCN

CH2C N

Bi 24. lUYN TP. HP CHT HU C, CNG THC PHN T V CNG

THC CU TO.
A. l hirocacbon. B. l
155. Cc cht: CH4, C6H6, C6H5OH, C2H5ZnI, C2H5PH2. u:
dn xut ca hirocacbon.
C. l hp cht hu c. D. l hp cht ca cacbon.
O

156.

Cht no l ng ng ca CH C OH ? A. HC OCH
3
3
O

B. HOC CH CH
2
3

C. CH C OCH D. HC OCH CH
3
3
2
3
O

157.

Cht no khng l ng phn vi CH CH C OH ?

3
2

H OCCH2 CH3

A. CH C OCH
3
3

B.

C. HOC CH CH OH D. HOC CH CH CH
2
2
2
2
3
a.
Hy
k
2
cp
cht
c
ctpt
khc
nhau
nhng
c
cng
ctn
gin
nht, hc lp
158.
9. b. Vit cc ctct thu gn ca C4H10 v C2H6O.
159. Cht hu c X c 24,24%C, 4,04%H, 71,72%Cl. a. Xc nh ctg nht ca X. b.
Xc nh ctpt ca X bit t khi ca X i vi CO2 l 2,25.
c. Da vo thuyt cu
to ha hc, hy vit cc ctct dng khai trin v dng thu gn ca X. s: a. CH2Cl ; b.
C2H4Cl2
160. *lm bay hi 7,28g hn hp X gm 2 cht hu c cng thuc dy ng ng v hn
km nhau 2 ngt cacbon, th thu c th tch hi ng bng th tch ca 2,94g kh N2
cng iu kin. Nu t chy hon ton 5,20g hn hp X cn 5,04l O2 (ktc). Sn ch
12

c CO2 v hi nc vi th tch bng nhau. Xc nh ctpt v % v khi lng ca tng

cht trong X. s: C2H4O2 57,7% ; C4H8O2 42,3%
Bi 25. ANKAN.
161. in cc cm t: (1) ankan; (2) xicloankan; (3) hirocacbon no; (4) hirocacbon
khng no; (5) phn ng th. Vo ch du. sau: hirocacbon m phn t ch c lin
kt n c gi l . ; hirocacbon no mch khng vng c gi l . ;
hirocacbon no mch c mt vng c gi l ; tnh cht ha hc ca hirocacbon
no l .
A. tt c cc ankan u c ctpt CnH2n2 B. Tt c cht c ctpt
162. Tm nhn xt sai?
CnH2n2 u l ankan
C. Tt c cc ankan ch c lin kt n trong phn t.
D.
Tt c cc cht ch c lin kt n trong phn t u l ankan.
CH3CH2 CHCH2 CH3
HCCH3
Tn ca cht ny
l: A. 3-isopropylpentan
CH3

163.

B. 2-

metyl-3-etylpentan C. 3-etyl-2-metylpentan D. 3-etyl-4-metylpentan.

CH3
CH3CH2 CHCH2 C CH3
Tn ca cht ny
l:
HCCH3 CH3
CH3

164.

A. 3-isopropyl-5,5-

imetylhexan. B. 2,2-imetyl-4-isopropylhexan. C. 3-etyl-2,5,5-trimetylhexan. D.

4-etyl-2,2,5-trimeylhexan.
C. 10 D. 11
165. Tng s kin kt cng ha tr trong phn t C3H8 l: A. 3. B. 8
B. ctpt
166. Hai cht 2-metylpropan v butan khc nhau v:A. ctct
C. S ngt cacbon
D. s ln kt cht.
A. Cng thc n gin nht. B. Cng thc chung.
167. Tt c cc ankan c cng?
C. ctct. D. ctpt.
B. Etan.
C. Metan. D. Propan.
168. Cht c nhit si thp nht l: A. Butan.
2.
169. Gi tn IUPAC cc cht: 1. (CH3)2CHCH2C(CH3)3 (tn thng l isootan).
CH3CH2CH(CH3)CH(CH3)[CH2]4CH(CH3)2.
170. Vit cng thc cu to thu gn ca: a. 4-etyl-2,3,3-trimetylheptan. b. 3,5-ietyl2,2,3-trimetyloctan.
171. t chy hon ton 1,2l mt ankan A th kh, cn 6,0l oxi ly cng iu kin. a.
Xc nh ctpt ca A.
b. Cho A tc dng vi kh clo 25oC c nh sng. Hi c th
thu c my dn xut monoclo ca A? Cho bit tn ca tng dn xut ? Dn xut
no thu c nhiu hn? s: C3H8 ; 2-clopropan (57%), 2-clopropan (43%)
172. t chy hon ton 1,45g mt ankan A cn 3,64l oxi (ktc). a. Xc nh ctpt ca A.
b. Vit ctct dng thu gn v gi tn cc ng phn ca A? s: C4H10
173. t chy hon ton 1,8g mt ankan A, thy khi lng CO2 nhiu hn khi lng
H2O l 2,8g. a. Xc nh ctpt ca A. b. Vit ctct dng thu gn v gi tn cc ng
phn ca A? s: C5H12
174. t chy hon ton 2,86g hn hp gm hexan v octan thu c 4,48l CO2 (ktc).
Xc nh % v khi lng mi ankan trong hn hp? s: 60,1% C6H14 39,9% C8H18
175. Mt loi xng l hn hp ca cc ankan c ctpt l C7H16 v C8H18. t chy hon
ton 6,950g xng cn 17,08l O2 (ktc). Xc nh % v khi lng mi ankan trong
hn hp? s: 18% C7H16 v 82% C8H18
13

t chy hon ton 22,20g hn hp A gm 2 ankan ng ng k tip, cn 54,88l

O2 (ktc). Xc nh ctpt v % v khi lng mi cht trong hn hp A? s: 77,48%
C6H14 v 22,52% C7H16
177. t chy hon ton 26,64g hn hp A gm 2 ankan ng ng k tip, cn 65,856l
O2 (ktc). Xc nh ctpt v % v khi lng mi cht trong hn hp A?
178. t chy hon ton 18,90g hn hp X gm ancol etylic (C2H5OH) v 2 ankan ng
ng k tip, thu c 26,10g H2O v 26,88l CO2 (ktc). Xc nh ctpt v % v khi
lng mi cht trong hn hp X? s: 22,75% C6H14 v 52,91% C7H16
176.

Bi 26. XIClOANKAN.
1. Cc monoankan u c ctpt l CnH 2n .
179. Nhn xt no ng? Nhn xt no sai?
2. Cc cht c cptp CnH 2n u l monoxicloankan.
3. Cc xicloankan u ch c
lin kt n. 4. Cc cht ch c lin kt n u l xicloankan.
C2H5
H3C

CH3
Cht ny
c tn l: A. 1-etyl-4,5-imetylxiclohexan.
B. 1-etyl-3,4imetylxiclohexan.C. 1,2-imetyl-4-etylxiclohexan
D. 4-etyl-1,2imetylxiclohexan.
181. Tm nhn xt ng? A. Xiclohexan va c phn ng th, va c phn ng cng.
B. Xiclohexan khng c phn ng th, khng c phn ng cng.
C. Xiclohexan c
phn ng th, khng c phn ng cng.
D. Xiclohexan khng c phn ng th, c
phn ng cng.
c. 1-metyl182. Vit ctct ca: a. 1,1-imetylxiclopropan b. 1-etyl-1-metylxiclohexan.
4-isopropylxiclohexan.
b.
183. Mt monoxicloankan A c t khi so vi nit bng 3. a. Xc nh ctpt ca A.
Vit ctct v gi tn cc ng phn ca A? s: C6H12 c 12 p.
184. t chy hon ton 2,58g hn hp kh A gm mt ankan v mt monoxicloankan,
ri hp th ht sn phm vo dd Ba(OH)2 d, thu c 35,46g kt ta. Bit t khi ca A
so vi hiro l 25,8. Xc nh ctpt v % th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp kh A? s:
C4H10 (60%) v C3H6 (40%).
185. t chy hon ton 672ml kh A l mt xicloankan (ktc), thy khi lng CO2
nhiu hn khi lng H2O 3,12g. a. Xc nh ctpt ca A.
b. Vit ctct v gi tn
cc xicloankan A. c. A lm mt mu dd brom, xc nh ng ctct ca A. s: C4H8 ,
b. metylxiclopropan.
180.

Bi 27. lUYN TP. ANKAN V XIClOANKAN.

186. Tm nhn xt ng? A. Tt c ankan v tt c xicloankan u khng tham gia phn
ng cng. B. Tt c ankan khng tham gia phn ng cng nhng mt s xicloankan
c th tham gia phn ng cng. C.Tt c ankan v tt c xicloankan u tham gia phn
ng cng. D. Mt s ankan tham gia phn ng cng v tt c xicloankan khng tham
gia phn ng cng.
A. cng
B. th C. tch
D. chy.
187. Cc ankan khng tham gia phn ng?
188. Cho clo tc dng vi butan thu c 2 dn xut monoclo c cng ctpt l C4H9Cl. a.
dng ctct thu gn vit pthh, gi tn sn phm. b. Tnh % mi sn phm , bit
rng ngt H lin kt vi cacbon bc 2 c kh nng th cao hn 3 ln so vi ngt H lin
kt vi cacbon bc 1 trong phn t C4H9Cl. s: 1-clobutan (33,33%) , 2-clobutan
(66,67%)
14

t chy hon ton a gam hn hp A th lng gm 2ankan, cn va ht 63,28l

khng kh (ktc), ri hp th ht sn phm vo dd Ca(OH)2 d, thu c 36,00g kt
ta. a. Tnh a? bit oxi chim 20,00% th tch khng kh. Xc nh ctpt v % khi lng
ca tng cht trong hn hp A, bit 2 ankan khc nhau 2 ngt cacbon? s: C6H14
(33,46%) , C8H18 (66,54%) hoc C7H16 (87,55%) , C9H20 (12,45%)
190. Mt bnh kn A dung tch 11,2l cha 6,40g O2 v 1,36g hn hp kh X gm 2 ankan
0oC v p sut l p1 atm. Bt tia la in trong bnh t chy hon ton X nhit
136,5oC v p sut l p2 atm. Dn sn phm t vo dd Ca(OH)2 d thu c 9,00g
kt ta.
a. Tnh p1 v p2 (bit th tch khng i).
b. Xc nh cng thc phn t
v % th tch tng cht trong hn hp X v bnh A lc u, bit s mol ca ankan c
phn t khi nh nhiu gp 1,5 ln s mol ca ankan c phn t khi ln. p1=0,5atm,
p2=0,81atm. ; CH4 (60%), C3H8 (40%)
191. Cht A c ctpt l C6H14 cho tc dng vi kh clo to ti a 3 dn xut monoclo v 7
dn xut iclo. Vit ctct v tn ca A v cc dn xut.
189.

Bi 29. ANKEN.
CH3
Cht CH3 CCH2 CH CH2 c tn l:
CH3

192.

imetylpent-4-en. C. 4-imetylpent-1-en.
193.

Cht

CH3CH2 C CH2 CH3

c tn l:
CH2

A. 2-imetylpent-4-en.

B. 2,2-

D. 4,4-imetylpent-1-en.
A. 3-metylenpentan.

B. 1,1-

ietyleten. C. 2-etylbut-1-en. D. 3-etylbut-3-en.

1. Tt c cc anken u c cng thc
194. Cc nhn xt sau y ng hay sai?
chung l CnH 2n . 2. Tt c cc cht c cng thc chung l CnH 2n u l anken. 3.
tt c anken u lm mt mu dd brom.
4. Cht lm mt mu dd brom l anken.
CH3CHCH2 CHCH CH2
CH3
CH3
CH3 CHCH2 C CH3
CH CH CH CH2 CH CH3
C. 3 CH3 2
D.
CH2CH3 CH2
CH3
CH2 C CH2 CH CH2 CH2 CH3
CH3
CH3

195.

Cht c tn 2,4-metylhex-1-en l: A.

B.

Phn ng dng phn bit etan vi eten l: A. t chy. B. cng vi hiro. C.

cng vi dd brom. D. trng hp.
197. Trnh by phng php ha hc phn bit ba kh etan, etilen, cacbon ioxit. Vit
pthh.
198. Hn hp kh A cha mt ankan v mt anken c khi lng 9,00g v th tch 8,96l .
t chy ht A thu c 13,44l CO2. cc kh (ktc). Xc nh ctpt v % th tch ca
tng cht trong hn hp kh A? s: 60% CH4 v 40% C3H6
199. 0,7g mt anken A c th lm mt mu 16,0g dd brom 12,5% (trong CCl 4). a. Xc
nh ctpt ca A. b. Vit ctct v gi tn cc ng phn ca A? s: C4H8 c 5 p
200. Hn hp kh A cha eten v hiro, c t khi i vi hiro l 7,5. Dn A qua cht
xc tc Ni nung nng th thu c hn hp kh B c t khi so vi hiro l 9,0. Tnh
hiu sut phn ng cng hiro ca eten. s: 66,7%
201. Hn hp kh A cha mt anken v hiro, c t khi i vi hiro l 6,0. Dn A qua
cht xc tc Ni nung nng th thu c hn hp kh B khng lm mt mu dd brom, kh
B c t khi so vi hiro l 8,0. Xc nh ctpt v % th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp
kh A v B? s: 66,7%
196.

15

Hn hp kh A cha 2 anken ng ng k tip v hiro, c t khi i vi hiro l

8,26. Dn A qua cht xc tc Ni nung nng th thu c hn hp kh B khng lm mt
mu dd brom, kh B c t khi so vi hiro l 11,80. Xc nh ctpt v % th tch ca
tng cht trong hn hp kh A v B? s: A c 12% C3H6, 18% C4H8, 70% H2 ; B c
17% C3H8, 26% C4H10, 57% H2.
203. Hn hp kh A cha mt ankan v mt anken v hiro. Dn 13,44l A qua cht xc
tc Ni nung nng th thu c 10,08l hn hp kh B. Dn B qua bnh ng nc brom
th mu ca dd brom nht, ng thi khi lng bnh tng thm 3,15g. Sau th nghim
cn li 8,40l hn hp kh C c t khi i vi hiro l 17,80.bit cc kh (ktc), phn
ng xy ta hon ton. Xc nh ctpt v % th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp kh A, B
v C? s: A c 37,5% C2H6 , 37,5% C3H6, 25% H2. ; B c 50% C2H6, 33,3% C3H8,
16,7% C3H6. ; C c 60% C2H6, 40% C3H8.
204. Hn hp kh A cha mt ankan v mt anken v hiro. t chy hon ton 100ml
A, c 210ml CO2. Nu un nh 100ml A c Ni l xc tc th cn li 75ml mt kh
duy nht. Cc th tch cng mt iu kin. a. Xc nh ctpt v % th tch ca tng
cht trong hn hp kh A?
b. Tnh th tch oxi va t chy hon ton 100ml
A. s: 40% C3H8, 30% C3H6, 30% H2. b. 350ml O2
202.

Bi 30. ANKAIEN.
205. Cho isopren (2-metylbuta-1,3-ien) phn ng cng vi brom theo t l 1:1 v s
mol. Hi c th thu c ti a bao nhiu sn phm?
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D.4.
B. CH2=CHCH=CH2. C.
206. Cht c tn ivinyl l: A. CH2=C=CHCH3.
CH2=CHCH2CH=CH2.
D. CH2=CHCH=CHCH3.
207. Nhn xt sau ng hay sai? A. cht c cng thc chung CnH2n-2 u l ankaien.
B. cc ankaien u c cng thc chung CnH2n-2 .C. cc ankaien u c 2 kin kt
i. D. Cht c 2 ni i u l ankaien.
b. 3-metylpenta-1,4208. Vit cng thc cu to ca: a. 2,3-imetylbuta-1,3-ien;
ien.
209. t chy hon ton 3,40g mt ankaien A cn 7,84l O2 (ktc). X c nh ctpt? vt
ctct v gi tn A? s: C5H8
210. t chy hon ton 6,72l hn hp kh A gm mt ankan v mt ankaien, cn
28,00l O2 (ktc). Dn sn phm chy qua bnh (1) ng dd H2SO4 c, sau qua bnh
(2) ng dd NaOH d. Thy bnh (1) tng a gam v bnh (2) tng 35,2g. a. Xc nh
ctpt v % v th tch tng cht trong A. b. tnh a? s: 66,7% C2H6 v 33,3% C4H6. a=
16,2g
Bi 31. lUYN TP. ANKEN V ANKAIEN.
211. Ghp cc tn: A. 4-etyl-2-metylhexan.; B. 1,1-etylmetylxiclopropan. ; C. 3,3imetylbut-1-en. ; D. ivinyl. ; E. isopropylxiclopropan. ; G. isopren. ; H. 2,2,4,4tetrametylpentan. ; I. 2,3-imetylbut-2-en. Vo cc cht: 1. (CH3)3CH2C(CH3)3; 2.
(CH3)2CHCH2CH(CH2CH3)2 ; 3. (CH3)2C=C(CH3)2 ; 4. CH2=CHC(CH3)3 ; 5.
CH3

CH2=CHC(CH3)=CH2 ; 6.

CH2--CH3

CH3
CH
;
CH3

7.

8. CH2=CHCH=CH2

16

CH3 CH CH CH CH2
CH2 CH3
Cht ny
c tn l: A. 2-etyl-3-metylpent-4-en.B. 4-etylCH3

212.

3-metylpent-1-en. C. 3,4-imetyhex-5-en. D. 3,4-imetyhex-1-en.

213.

Cht ny

CH2 CH CH CH CH CH3
c tn l: A. 3-metylhexa-1,2-ien.
CH3

4-metylhexa-1,5-ien.
214.

B.

C. 3-metylhexa-1,4-ien. D. 3-metylhexa-1,3-ien.

Cht no l ankaien lin hp? A. CH2=CHCH2CH=CH2 .

B.

CH2 C C CH2
CH3CH3

C. CH2=CHCH2CH=CHCH3 D. CH2=C=CH2
215. Hn hp kh A gm nit v 2 hirocacbon k tip trong mt dy ng ng, c khi
lng 18,30g v th tch 11,20l. t chy hon ton A c 11,70g H2O v 21,28l CO2.
Cc th tch (ktc). a. Xc nh ctpt v % v khi lng tng cht trong A. s: 54,6%
C3H4 v 14,7% C4H6.
Bi 32. ANKIN.
CH3

216.

Cht ny CH3 CC CH c tn l: A. 2,2-imetylbut-1-in.

B. 2,2-

CH3

imetylbut-3-in. C. 3,3-imetylbut-1-in. D. 2,3-imetylbut-1-in.

217. Cc cht: metan, etilen, but-1-in, but-2-in, c my cht tc dng c vi dd
AgNO3 trong NH3?
A. 4 B. 3 C. 2 D. 1.
1. Tt c ankin u chy khi t trong oxi. 2.
218. Nhn xt sau y ng hay sai?
Tt c ankin u lm mt mu dd KMnO4. 3. Tt c ankin u lm mt mu dd brom.
4. Tt c ankin u tc dng c vi dd AgNO3 trong NH3. 5. Tt c ankin u tc
dng c vi hiro nhit cao, c Ni xc tc.
(3)
? (2) CaC
C2H2
(1)
219. Hon thnh Pthh cho s (ghi iu kin)? CaCO3
2
(4)
? (5)
? (7)
(6)

C2H6
CH2 CH

Cl n
|

Hn hp kh A cha mt ankin v hiro, c t khi i vi hiro l 4,8. Dn A qua

cht xc tc Ni nung nng (H=100%) th thu c hn hp kh B khng lm mt mu
dd brom, kh B c t khi so vi hiro l 8,0. Xc nh ctpt v % th tch ca tng cht
trong hn hp kh A v B? s: A c 20% C3H4 v 80% H2. ; B c 33% C3H8 v 67%
H2.
221. Hn hp kh A cha C2H2 v hiro, c t khi i vi hiro l 5,00. Dn 20,16l A
qua cht xc tc Ni nung nng th thu c 10,08l hn hp kh B. Dn B qua bnh ng
nc brom d th mu ca dd brom nht i, phn ng xong (H=100%) th cn li 7,39l
hn hp kh C. Cc kh (ktc). Tnh % th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp kh A, B
v C? Khi lng bnh cha nc brom tng bao nhiu gam? s: A c 33,33% C2H2
v 66,67% H2. ; B c 40% C2H6 , 20% C2H4 , 6,67% C2H2 , 33,33% H2 ; C c 54,55%
C2H6 , 45,45% H2.
222. Hn hp kh A cha mt anken v mt ankin v hiro. t chy hon ton 90ml A
thu c 120ml CO2. un nng 90ml A c cht xc tc Ni th sau phn ng cn li
40ml mt ankan duy nht. Vc th tch o cng mt iu kin. a. Xc nh ctpt v %
th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp kh A? b. Tnh th tch oxi va t chy hon
ton 90ml A. s: A c 33% C3H6 , 11% C3H4 , 56% H2. ; 200ml O2.
220.

17

Bi 33. lUYN TP. ANKIN.

B. C5H10
C. C5H12
D. C3H6
223. Chtc tn penten l: A. C5H8
C. C6H6
D. C8H8
224. Cht no l ankin? A. C2H2 B. C4H4
B. C6H5 C. C2H3 D. C2H5
225. Gc no l ankyl? A. C3H5
C. but-1-en D. but-2-en.
226. cht no c nhit si cao nht: A. etenB. propen.
B. propin. C. but-1-in D.
227. Cht khng tc dng vi AgNO3 (NH3).? A. etin
but-2-in.
B. but-2-en. C. xiclobutan
228. Cht khng tc dng vi dd Br2? A. but-1-in
D. xiclopropan.
229. Vit pthh v ghi r iu kin iu ch PVC t cc cht v c: CaO, HCl, H2O, C.
230. *Hn hp kh A cha metan, axetilen, propen. t chy hon ton 11,0g A thu c
12,6g H2O. Nu dn 11,2l A qua dd brom d th lng brom phn ng ti a l 100,0g
a. Xc nh % khi lng v th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp kh A? s: % khi
lng CH4 14,5% , C2H2 47,3% , C3H6 38,2% ; % th tch CH4 25% , C2H2 50% , C3H6
25%.
231. Mt bnh kn A dung tch 8,40l cha 4,96g O2 v 1,30g hn hp kh X gm 2
hirocacbon 0oC v p sut l p1=0,50atm. Bt tia la in trong bnh t chy
hon ton X nhit 136,5oC v p sut l p2 atm. Dn sn phm chy qua bnh (1)
ng dd H2SO4 c, sau qua bnh (2) ng dd NaOH d. Thy bnh (1) tng m gam
v bnh (2) tng 4,18g. a. Tnh p2 (bit th tch khng i).
b. Xc nh cng thc
phn t v % th tch tng cht trong hn hp X v bnh A lc u, bit hn hp c mt
cht l anken v mt cht l ankin. Tm m? s: p2=0,78atm ; C2H4 53,9% , C4H6
46,1%
1. metan
232. Trnh by phng php ha hc phn bit cc cht v vit pthh?
v axetilen.
2. etilen v axetilen.
3. metan, etilen, axetilen. 4. but-1-in v
but-2-in
233. Trnh by phng php lm sch cht kh v vit pthh? 1. metan c ln axetilen v
etilen. 2. etilen c ln axetilen.
Bi 35. BENZEN V NG NG. MT S HIROCACBON THM
KHC.
CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
CH3
CH2-CH3

Cht
c tn l: A. 1-butyl-3-metyl-4-etylbenzen.
B. 1-butyl-4etyl-3-metylbenzen.
C. 1-etyl-2-metyl-4-butylbenzen.
D. 4-butyl-1-etyl-2metylbenzen.
234.

Cht
c tn l: A. 1,4-imetyl-6-etylbenzen. B. 1,4-imetyl-2-etylbenzen.
C. 2-etyl-1,4-imetylbenzen. D. 1-etyl-2,5-imetylbenzen.
A. Stiren l ng
236. Stiren c ctct C6H5CH=CH2 . Nhn xt no sau y l ng?
ng ca benzen. B. Stiren l ng ng ca etilen.
C. Stiren l hirocacbon
thm. D. Stiren l hirocacbon khng no.
235.

237.

Cng thc cu to ca m-Xilen l:

18

Fe o

238.

,t
Vit sn phm hu c dng ctct v gi tn chng cho cc pt: 1. C6H6 + Cl2 1:1mo
l
sng

? ; 2. C6H6 + Cl2
1:3 mol ? ; 3. C6H5CH3 + Cl2

sng

1:1mol

? ; 4. C6H5CH3 + H2d

o
? ; 5. C6H5CH3 + KMnO4 dd
t ?
239. Gii thch v sao benzen khng tcdng vi dd Br2 v dd KMnO4 cn stiren th tc
dng c, Vit pthh?
240. t chy hon ton 13,25g mt ng ng ca benzen A, cn ht 29,40l O2 (ktc).
a. Xc nh ctpt ca A.
b. Vit ctct v gi tn cc ng phn ca A.? C8H10 c
4 p.
241. t chy hon ton hirocacbon A, ch thu c CO2 v hi H2O c t l v khi
lng l 77: 18. Nu ha hi 5,06g A th th tch hi thu c ng bng th tch ca
1,76g kh O2 cng iu kin. Xc nh ctpt A? Vit ctct v gi tn A, bit A lm mt
mu dd KMnO4 khi un nng. s: C7H8. (toluen)
242. t chy hon ton 2,62g hn hp A cha hai hirocacbon th lng, k tip trong
mt dy ng ng, thu c 8,80g CO2. Nu ha hi 6,55g A th th tch hi thu c
ng bng th tch ca 2,40g kh O2 cng iu kin. Xc nh ctpt v % v khi lng
ca tng cht trong A? s: C6H6 29,8% v C7H8 70,2% .
243. Cho 23kg toluen tc dng ht vi 88kg HNO3 66% v 74kg H2SO4 96% (gi s
H=100%), axit cn d. a. tnh khi lng TNT thu c? b. tnh khi lng hn hp
axit cn d v C% ca tng axit? s: a. 56,75kg b. C% HNO3 = 8,4% , C% H2SO4 =
55,4%.
244. Toluen c th iu ch bng phn ng ehiro ha-ng vng t heptan 500oC,
p=30 40atm, xc tc Cr2O3/Al2O3. Hy vit pthh (dng ctct), tnh khi lng toluen
thu c nu phn ng to ra 336,0l H2 (ktc). s: 345g
oC

Ni,300

Bi 36. lUYN TP. HIROCACBON THM.

245. Cc tn: o-xilen ; o-imetylbenzen ; 1,2-imetylbenzen ; etylbenzen l ca my
cht? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4.
l ca my cht? A. 1
B. 2 C. 3 D. 4.
246. Cc cng thc:
247. Cho vo ng nghim 2ml nc brom, sau nh t t 1ml benzen vo, thy trong
ng nghim c 2 lp cht lng: lp di c th tch ln hn v c nu vng nu, lp
trn khng mu. Nu ta lc k ng nghim, ri yn th li thy c 2 lp cht lng: lp
di c th tch ln hn v khng mu, lp trn c mu. Hy gii thch hin tng trn.
248. A l mt ng ng ca benzen c t khi so vi metan bng 5,75. Hy hon thnh
pthh (cht hu c vit dng ctct thu gn v gi tn) cho s : s: C7H8
249. t chy hon ton 1,50g mt ng ng ca benzen A, thu c 2,52l CO2 (ktc).
a. Xc nh ctpt A?
b. Vit ctct v gi tn cc ng phn ca A? c. Xc nh ctct
ng ca A, bit khi A tc dng vi brom (xt: Fe, to), thu c dn xut monobrom duy
nht. s: C9H12 c 8 p (nh s 1 t nhnh nhiu C hn) ; c. A l 1,3,5trimetylbenzen.
250. Hn hp X gm benzen v xiclohexen c th lm mt mu ti a 75,0g dd Br2
3,2%. Nu t chy hon ton X, ri hp th sn phm bng dd Ca(OH)2 d thu c
21,0g kt ta. tnh % khi lng tng cht trong X? s: 55,9% C6H6 ; 44,1% C6H10 .
251. Hn hp A gm H2 v hi benzen c t khi hi so vi metan l 0,60. Dn A qua
xc tc Ni nung nng, thy mt phn benzen chuyn thnh xiclohexan. Hn hp sau
phn ng c t khi hi so vi metan l 0,75. Tnh xem c bao nhiu % benzen chuyn
thnh xiclohexan? s: 67%
19

Bi 37. NGUN HIROCACBON THIN NHIN.

A. du m l mt hirocacbon
252. Chn cu ng khi ni v thnh phn ca du m?
th lng. B. du m l hn hp nhiu hirocacbon th lng.
C. du m l hn
hp nhiu hirocacbon th lng, rn v kh.
D. thnh phn chnh ca du m l
cc hirocacbon th lng c ho tan cc hirocacbon th rn v kh, ngoi ra du m
cn cha mt lng nh cc cht hu c c oxi, nit, lu hunh, v mt lng rt
nh cc cht v c.
253. Ghp cc v: 1. s l s b l ; 2. Chng ct l ; 3. Crckinh l ; 4.
rifominh l .Vi cc v sau th hin vic ch bin du m.: A. B gy phn t
hirocacbon mch di, to thnh cc phn t hirocacbon mch ngn hn nh tc dng
ca nhit hoc ca xc tc v nhit. B. dng xc tc v nhit lm bin i cu trc
ca hirocacbon t mch cacbon khng nhnh thnh phn nhnh, t khng thm thnh
thm.
C. loi b nc, mui, ph nh tng,
D. tch du m thnh nhng
sn phm khc nhau da vo nhit si khc nhau ca cc hirocacbon c trong du
m.
254. Ghp cc v: 1. kh thin nhin ; 2. kh m du ; 3. kh crckinh ; 4. kh l cc.
Vi cc v: A. thu c khi nung than m trong iu kin khng c oxi.
B. thu
c khi ch bin du m bng phng php crckinh. C. khai thc t cc m kh.
D. c trong cc m du.
255. Phn trn khi lng thu c khi chng ct mt loi du m l: 15% xng, 60%
mazut. em crckinh mazut c 50% xng. Hi t 500tn du m trn ta thu c
bao nhiu tn xng? (s: 225tn).
256. Mt loi kh thin nhin c thnh phn v th tch: 85%CH4, 10%C2H6, 3%N2,
2%CO2. 1. Ngi ta chuyn metan trong 1000m3 kh thin nhin (ktc) thnh axetilen
(H=50%), ri thnh vinyl clorua (H=80%), vit pthh v tnh khi lng vinyl clorua thu
c?
2. Tnh th tch kh thin nhin khi t chy (ktc) un 100l nc t
o
20 C ln 100oC. Bit lng nhit ta ra khi t 1mol CH4 v 1 mol C2H6 ln lt l
880kJ v 1560kJ; lm 1ml nc tng ln 1oC cn 4,18J v khi t kh thin nhin
20% lng nhit thot ra mi trng. s: 1. 474,3kg. ; 2. 1035l .
257. Khi crckinh butan thu c 47,0l hn hp kh A gm CH4, C3H6, C2H6, C2H4,
C4H8, H2, C4H10 cn d. Dn kh A qua dd brom d, th hn hp kh B thot ra c th
tch 25,0l. t chy hon ton 5,0l hn hp kh B c 9,4l CO2. cc th tch o cng
iu kin. 1. Tnh % th tch butan tham gia phn ng.
2. Tnh % th tch ca
tng kh ttrong hn hp A, bit th tch C2H4 gp 3 ln th tch C3H6. s: 88% ; A c
%VCH4 %VC3H6 10,6% ; %VC2H6 %VC2H4 31,9% ; %VH2 %VC4H8 4,3% ; %VC4H10 6,4%.
Bi 38. H THNG HA V HIROCACBON.
A. Khi t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon th ch thu c
258. Tm nhn xt sai?
CO2 v H2O.B. Nu sn phm ca phn ng t chy hon ton ch CO2 v H2O th cht
em t l hirocacbon. C. Khi t chy hon ton mt ankan th s mol H2O ln hn
s mol CO2. D. Nu sn phm t chy mt hirocacbon c s mol H2O ln hn s mol
CO2 th hirocacbon l ankan.
o
259. Cht tc c: phn ng chy, phn ng cng brom, phn ng cng H2(xc tc Ni,t ),
phn ng vi dd AgNO3 trong NH3 l: A. etan
B. eten
C. axetilen D.
xiclopropan.
20

t chy hon ton 13,20g hn hp A cha hai hirocacbon k tip trong mt dy

ng ng, thu c 20,72l CO2 (ktc). Xc nh ctpt v % v khi lng ca tng cht
trong A? s: 56,8% C7H16 v 43,2% C8H18
261. *Hn hp kh A cha hiro, mt ankan v mt anken. Dn 15,68l A qua cht xc
tc Ni nung nng th thu c 13,44l hn hp kh B. Dn B qua bnh ng dd brom th
mu ca dd brom nht i v khi lng bnh tng 5,6g. Sau phn ng cn li 8,96l hn
hp kh C c t khi i vi hiro l 20,25. Cc th tch o (ktc), cc phn ng xy
ra hon ton. Xc nh ctpt v tnh % th tch ca tng cht trong hn hp kh A, B v
C? s: A c 42,86% C3H8 , 42,86% C2H4 , 14,28% H2. ; B c 50% C3H8 , 16,67%
C2H6 , 33,33% C2H4. ; C c 75,00% C3H8, 25,00% C2H6.
262. Chia 0,10mol hn hp A cha 3 ankin lm 2 phn bng nhau. t chy hon ton
phn 1, thu c 2,34g nc. Phn 2 tc dng vi 250,0ml AgNO3 0,12M trong NH3
to ra 4,55g kt ta. Xc nh ctct, tn v % v khi lng ca tng cht trong hn hp
A. Bit ankin c khi lng phn t nh nht chim 40% s mol ca hn hp A. s:
33,1% C3H4 , 22,3% but-1-in , 44,6% but-2-in.
263. Hn hp X cha 3 cht A, B, C (MA<MB<MC) thuc dy ng ng ca benzen,
trong A, C c cng s mol v cch nhu 2 cht trong dy ng ng. t chy hon
ton 48,8g hn hp X cn 153,6g O2. 1. Xc nh ctpt ca A, B, C. Bit B khng c
ng phn thm. 2. Tnh % v khi lng tng cht trong hn hp X. s: 31,9% C6H6
, 18,9% C7H8 , 49,2% C9H12.
260.

Bi 39. DN XUT HAlOGEN CA HIROCACBON.

B.
264. Cht no l dn xut halogen ca hirocacbon? A. ClCH2COOH
C6H5CH2Cl
C. CH3CH2MgBr
D. CH3COCl
A. CH2=CHCH2Br
265. Cht no khng l dn xut halogen ca hirocacbon?
B. C6H6Cl6
C. Cl2CHCF2OCH3 D. ClBrCHCF3
266. Benzyl bromua c cng thc l:
(3)
? (2) C2H
?(4)
(1)

267. Vit pthh cho s , (ghi r iu kin, tn cc cht). CH4

4
(5)
vinyl clorua PVC.
268. Vit pthh cho s (A, B l sn phm chnh vit dng ctct): 2-brombutan
o

c,C2H5OH,t

K OHa
A

ngn
,
c,t
K OHl oa

t chy hon ton 3,960g hn hp A cht hu c A, thu c 1,792l CO2 (ktc) v

1,440g H2O. Nu chuyn ht lng clo trong 2,475g cht A thnh AgNO3 th c
7,175g AgCl.
1. Xc nh ct n gin nht ca A. 2. Xc nh ctpt A bit t khi
hi ca A so vi etan l 3,300. 3. Vit cc ctct c th c ca A v gi tn theo 2 cch.
s: 1. CH2Cl ; 2. C2H4Cl2 c 2 p.
269.

Bi 40. ANCOl.
270.

Cht no l ancol?

271.

Cht CH3 COH c tn l: A. 1,1-imetyletanol

CH3

B. 1,1- imetyletan-1-ol C.

CH3

isobutan-2-ol

D. 2-metylpropan-2-ol.

21

272.

Ancol isobutylic c cng thc cu to l: A.

CH3 CH CH2 OH
CH3

CH3CH2 CH OH
CH3

B.

OH
D. CH3 CCH3
CH3

CH3 CH CH2 CH2OH

C.
CH3

Cc ancol: propan-1-ol ; butan-1-ol ; pentan-1-ol ; hexan-1-ol.

a. cht no c
nhit si cao nht?
b. Cht no c khi lng ring cao nht? c. Cht no d
tan trong nc nht?
(
)
274. Phn ng no l phn ng oxi hakh? A. 2C3H5(OH)3 + Cu OH 2
[C3H5(OH)2O]2Cu + 2H2O.
B. C2H5OH + HBr C2H5Br + H2O.
C.
273.

2C2H5OH + 2Na 2C2H5ONa + H2

H SO

2 4
D. 2C2H5OH 140
(C2H5)2O + H2O.
o
C

Vit pthh cho s , (ghi r iu kin): Tinh bt

(1) glucoz
(2) ancol etylic
(3)

anehit axetic.
276. T ancol propylic v cc cht v c cn thit, vit pthh iu ch propen ; propyl
bromua ; ipropyl ete.
277. t chy hon ton 0,35mol mt ancol A no, mch h. Cn 31,36l O2 (ktc).Xc
nh ctpt, vit ctct v gi tn A? s: C3H8O2 c 2 p ancol.
278. t chy hon ton 1,45g mt ancol A n chc, mch h cha 1 lin kt i. Cn
2,24l O2 (ktc).Xc nh ctpt, vit ctct v gi tn A? s: C3H6O.
279. t chy hon ton 35,60g hn hp A gm 2 ancol no, n chc, mch h k tip
trong mt dy ng ng. Cn 63,84l O2 (ktc).Xc nh ctpt, vit ctct v gi tn A?
Tnh % v khi lng cc cht trong hn hp A? s: %mC3H7OH 16,85% , %mC4H9OH
83,15%
280. t chy hon ton m gam hn hp A gm 2 ancol no, n chc, mch h. Cn
3,36l O2 (ktc). Thu c khi lng CO2 hn khi lng H2O l 1,88g. a. Tnh m?
b. Xc nh ctpt v tnh % v khi lng cc cht trong hn hp A? bit 2 ancol hn
km nhau 2 ngt cacbon. s: TH1: %mCH3OH 15,1% , %mC3H7OH 84,9% TH2.:
%mC2H5OH 65,1% , %mC4H9OH 34,9%
281. Cho 20,30g hn hp A gm glixerol v mt ancol n chc, tc dng ht vi Na d,
thu c 5,04l H2 (ktc). Mt khc nu ly 8,12g hn hp A th tc dng vi 1,96g
Cu(OH)2 . Xc nh ctpt, vit ctct c th c v gi tn ca ancol trn? Tnh % v khi
lng ca ancol trong hn hp A? s: C4H10O c 4 p.
o
282. un hn hp 2 ancol no, n cha, mch h vi H2SO4 140 C, c 72,0g 3 ete
c s mol bng nhau v 21,6g H2O. Xc nh ctpt, vit ctct v gi tn 2 ancol? Tnh %
v khi lng ca mi ancol trong hn hp ? s: %mCH3OH 41,03% %mC2H5OH
78,97%
a. Xc
283. * Hn hp kh A gm 2 anken k tip, c t khi i vi kh N2 l 1,35.
nh ctpt 2 anken. b. Hirat ha mt lng hn hp A (H=100%) th c hn hp
ancol B gm ancol bc 1 v ancol bc 2 c t l 43:50 v khi lng. Tnh % v khi
lng ca mi ancol trong hn hp B? s: %mC2H5OH 24,7% , %m propan-1-ol l:
21,5% , %m propan-2-ol l: 53,8%.
275.

Bi 41. PHENOl.
Cht no khng phi phenol:
c tn l: A. 4-metylphenol.
285. Cht
metylphenol.
D. 3-metylphenol.
284.

B. 2-metylphenol. C. 522

Vit pthh v gi tn sn phm hu c, (ghi r iu kin nu c) khi cho C6H5OH

v C6H5CH2OH tc dng vi: Na ; dd NaOH, dd HBr (H2SO4 c xc tc, un nng).
287. Vit pthh chng minh trong phn t phenol, gc C6H5 c nh hng n nhm
OH v nhm OH c nh hng n gc C6H5.
288. Sc kh CO2 vo dd C6H5ONa nhit thng, thy dd vn c, sau un
nng dd th thy dd li trong. Hy gii thch hin tng, vit pthh (nu c).
289. Cho 14,450g hn hp A gm ancol metylic, ancol etylic, phenol. Tc dng vi Na
d, thu c 2,787l H2 ( 27oC v 750mmHg). Mt khc 11,560g hn hp A tc1 dng
va ht 80ml dd NaOH 1,00M. Tnh % khi lng tng cht trong hn hp A? s:
%mC6H5OH 65,0% , %mCH3OH 11,0% ; %mC2H5OH 24,0% .
290. t chy hon ton 2,70g cht hu c A cn dng ht 4,76l O2 (ktc).Ch thu c
CO2 v H2O vi khi lng CO2 hn khi lng H2O 5,90g.
a. Xc nh ctg nht
ca A?
b. Xc nh ctpt ca A bit MA< Mglucoz .
Vit cc ctct thm ca A, gi
tn? c. A c tc dng c vi Na v NaOH khng? s: CTGN l C7H8O ; CTPT l
C7H8O.c 5 p.
286.

Bi 42. lUYN TP. DN XUT HAlOGEN, ANCOl V PHENOl.

291. Cho ln lt: C2H5Cl, C2H5OH, C6H5OH, C6H5ONa vo dd NaOH c my cht xy
ra phn ng?
A. 1. B. 2 C.3 D. 4.
292. un cht vi dd NaOH d th sn phm l: A.
293.

Vit pthh cho s , (ghi r iu kin, tn cc cht).

C2H5Cl
C2H4

C2H5OH

Vit pthh khi cho tc dng vi Na, NaOH, HBr, CuO( t ).

o
295. un m gam mt ancol no, n chc, mch h A, vi hdo c 170 C thu c
17,85g anken (H=85%). Nu cho m gam A tc dng ht vi HBr to 36,90g dn xut
brom (H=60%). Xc nh ctpt, vit ctct v gi tn A? Tnh m? s: C3H8O ; m=30,0g.
296. t chy hon ton m gam mt ancol A c mch cacbon khng phn nhnh, thu
c 2,24l CO2 (ktc), 2,25g H2O. Mt khc cho 18,55g A tc dng ht vi Na, c
5,88l H2 (ktc). Xc nh ctpt, vit cc ctct v gi tn A? Tnh m? s: s: C4H10O3 c 2
p ancol mch thng.; m=2,65g.
297. *Mt bnh kn dung tch 5,60l cha y hn hp hi ca 2 ancol n cha v 3,20g
O2. nhit trong bnh 109,2oC, p sut 0,728atm. Bt tia la in t chy hon ton 2
ancol, sau phn ng nhit trong bnh l 136,5oC v p sut l p atm. Dn sn phm
chy qua bnh (1) ng dd H2SO4 c, sau qua bnh (2) ng dd NaOH d. Thy
bnh (1) tng 1,26g v bnh (2) tng 2,2g. a. Tnh p? b. Xc nh ctpt, vit ctct, gi
tn v tnh % v khi lng tng ancol? Bit s mol ca ancol c khi lng phn t
nh hn gp 2 ln s mol ca ancol c phn t khi ln hn. s: 0,9atm ; %mCH3OH
52,46% ; %mC3H6O 47,54% .
294.

Bi 44. ANEHIT AXETON

298.

CH3C|| CH3
O

D.

B. B. propanal

C.

Cht no khng l anehit? A HCH=O B. O=CHCH=O C.

CH3CH=O.
299. Cht CH3CH2CH2CHO tn l:
but-1-al
D. butanal.

A. propan-1-al.

23

300.

Cng thc ca anehit propionic l?

CH3CH2CHO. C.

CH3 CH
CHO
|
CH3

A. CH3CH2CH2CHO.

B.

D. HC|| OCH CH
2
3

Cht CH CH CH C|| CH c tn l: A. pentan-4-on. B. pentan-4-ol.

C.
3
2
2
3
pentan-2-on.D. pentan-2-ol.
A. anehit v xeton u lm mt mu nc brom. B. anehit
302. Nhn xt no ng?
v xeton u khng lm mt mu nc brom.
C. Xeton lm mt mu nc brom
cn anehit th khng. D. anehit lm mt mu nc brom cn xeton th khng.
303. Phn ng CH3CH2OH + CuO CH3CHO + Cu + H2O thuc loi: A. phn
ng th.
B. phn ng cng. C. phn ng tch. D. phn ng oxi ha hon ton.
304. Cho Pt: 2C6H5CHO + KOH c C6H5COOK + C6H5CH2OH. Cho bit
vai tr ca anehit benzoic?
305. Vit ctct, gi tn tt c cc anehit v xeton c cng ctpt l C5H10O.
306. Vit pthh iu ch anehit axetic t mi cht sau (ghi r iu kin): axetilen ;
etilen ; etan ; metan.
307. Cho 10,50g mt anehit n chc A, tham gia phn ng trng gng. lng bc to
ra cho vo axit nitric long, c 3,85l NO duy nht 27,3oC, 0,80atm. Xc nh ctpt,
ctct, tn ca A? s: C3H4O.
308. t chy hon ton mt cht hu c A cn 3,08l O2. Ch thu c 2,24l CO2
(ktc) v 1,80g H2O. 1. Xc nh ctg nht ca A 2. Xc nh ctpt ca A, bit t khi
ca A so vi oxi l 2,25. 3. A l hp cht cacbonyl, hy vit tt c cc ctct ca A v gi
tn chng. s: C4H8O c 3 p cacbonyl.
309. Hn hp X cha anehit n chc A, xeton B, ancol C. (A, B, C l ng phn ca
nhau). t chy hon ton 1,45g hn hp X c 1,68l CO2 (ktc) v 1,35g H2O. Xc
nh ctpt, vit ctct, tn ca A, B, C.? s: C3H6O ; A l propanal, B l propanon, C l
propenol.
301.

Bi 45. AXIT CACBOXYlIC.

310.

Cht

CH3 CH
CH 2 COOH
|
c tn l:
CH3

A. axit 2-metylpropanoic

B. axit 2-

metylbutanoic
C. axit 3-metylbutan-1-oic
D. axit 3-metylbutanoic.
311. Axit propionic c cng thc l: A. CH3CH2CH2COOH. B. CH3CH2COOH.
C. CH3COOH.
D. CH3[CH2]3COOH.
C.
312. Cht no c nhit si cao nht? A. HCOOCH3. B. HOCH2CHO.
CH3COOH.
D. CH3CH2CH2OH.
B.
313. Cht d tan trong nc nht? A. CH3CH2COOCH3.
CH3COOCH2CH3. C. CH3CH2CH2COOH.
D.
CH3CH2CH2CH2COOH.
B.
314. Cht tc dng c vi: Na, NaOH, NaHCO3 l: A. C6H5OH
HOC6H4OH
C. HCOOC6H5 D. C6H5COOH.
315. Vit ctct tt c cc axit cacboxylic c cng ctpt l C5H10O2, gi tn chng? s: c 4
p axit.
316. Vit pthh iu ch axit axetic t mi cht sau (ghi r iu kin), cc cht v c cn
thit c : metan ; etilen ; axetilen ; butan.
24

Dd axit fomic 0,092% c D=1,00g/ml. Trong ch c 5,0% s phn t axit fomic

phn li thnh ion. Tnh pH ca dd? s: pH=3
318. Hon thnh Pthh cho s nu c (ghi iu kin, tn sn phm hu c): a.
CH3COOH + NaHCO3 ?
b. CH3COOH + NaHSO4 ?
c.
CH3COOH + C6H5OH ? d. CH3COOH + C6H5CH2OH ? e. CH3COONa +
H2SiO3 ? f. CH3COONa + H2SO4 ? g. CH3COOH + CuO ?
h.
CH3COOH + Cu ?
319. Trung ha 50,0ml dd mt axit n chc A cn 30,0ml dd KOH 2,0M. Mt khc khi
trung ha 125,.ml dd A bng dd KOH va , c cn c 16,8g mui khan. Xc nh
ctpt, ctct, tn v CM ca axit A? s: C3H6O2 .
320. t chy hon ton 2,55g mt axit cacboxylic no n chc mch h A, cn ht
3,64l O2 (ktc). Xc nh ctpt, ctct, tn ca axit A? s: C5H10O2 .
321. t chy hon ton 0,9g mt axit cacboxylic n cha, dn xut ca anken A, thu
c khi lng CO2 ln hn khi lng H2O 1,2g. Xc nh ctpt, ctct, tn ca axit A?
s: C3H4O.
322. Chia 80,0ml dd X cha 2 axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h, k tip trong dy
ng ng lm 2 phn bng nhau. Trung ha phn 1 bng dd NaOH ri c cn c
4,26g mui khan. Trung ha phn 2 bng dd Ba(OH)2 , ri c cn thu c 6,08g hn
hp mui khan. Xc nh ctpt, ctct, tn v CM ca tng axit trong X? s: CMC2H5COOH
0,25M ; CMC3H7COOH 0,75M
323. Chia 25,80g hn hp X cha mt axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h A v ancol
no, n chc, mch h B. (A v B cng s ngt cacbon) lm 2 phn bng nhau. Phn 1
tc dng ht vi Na thu c 2,80l kh (ktc). t chy hon ton ht phn 2 cn 14,56l
O2 (ktc). Xc nh ctpt, ctct, tn v % khi lng ca tng cht trong X? s: 46,5%
CH3COOH , 53,5% C2H6O.
317.

Bi 46. lUYN TP. ANEHIT XETON AXIT CACBOXYlIC.

324. Tm nhn xt sai? A. Tt c cc anehit no, n cha, mch h u c cc ng
phn thuc chc xeton v chc ancol. B. Tt c cc xeton no n chc, mch h u c
cc ng phn thuc chc xeton v chc ancol.
C. Tt c cc ancol n chc, mch
h, c 1 lin kt i u c cc ng phn thuc chc anehit v chc xeton.D. Tt c
cc ancol n chc, mch vng no, u c cc ng phn thuc chc anehit v chc
xeton.
325. Cng thc ca anehit mch h c x nhm chc v k lin kt i gc hirocacbon
l: A. CnH2n-2x-2kOx
B. CnH2n-x-kOx
C. CnH2n+2-x-kOx D. CnH2n+2 -2x-2kOx
326. Vit pthh cho s , (ghi r iu kin, cht hu c vit dng ctct v gi tn). A
xt,to

H2

NaOH CuO CH3C|| CH3

O
CH3CH2CHO
n
c
to

c E to
HBr C n
B Z] NaOH CuO
HBr D

Vit pthh khi cho anehit axetic tc dng vi ng (II) hiroxit trong mi trng
kim (natri hiroxit) to kt ta ng (I) oxit gch.
328. Cht hu c A cha C, H, O v ch c mt loi nhm chc. Cho 0,90g A tc dng
ht vi AgNO3 trong dd NH3 thu c 5,40g Ag. Khi cho 0,20mol A tc dng vi H2 d
xc tc Ni ta c ancol B. Cho B tc dng vi Na d thu c 4,48l H2 (ktc). Xc
nh cng thc cu to v tn ca cht A? s: OHCCH2CHO (propanial)
327.

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Cho 0,10 mol anehit X tc dng vi 4,48l H2 (ktc). Nu cho 7,00g X tc dng
ht vi AgNO3 trong dd NH3 thu c 27,00g Ag. Xc nh ctpt, vit ctct v gi tn ca
cht X? s: C3H4O.
330. *Hn hp A cha cc cht hu c X, Y, Z, bit X v Y k tip nhau trong mt dy
ng ng (MY>MX), Z l ng phn ca Y. Ha hi 3,20g A thu c th tch bng vi
th tch ca 1,68g kh nit cng iu kin. t chy hon ton 16,00g A cn va ht
23,52l O2 (ktc). sn phm ch CO2 v H2O c s mol nh nhau. Nu 48,00gA tc dng
vi Na d thu c 1,68l (ktc). Xc nh ctpt, ctct, tn v % khi lng ca tng cht
trong A? s: X l CH3CHO 27,5% ; Y l CH3CH2CHO 54,4% ; Z l CH2
=CHCH2OH 18,1%
331. linh ng ca ngt H trong nhm OH tng theo trt t no? A.
C2H5OH<C6H5OH<HCOOH<CH3COOH. B.
CH3COOH<HCOOH<C6H5OH<C2H5OH. C.
C2H5OH<C6H5OH<CH3COOH<HCOOH. D.
C6H5OH<C2H5OH<CH3COOH<HCOOH.
332. Ghp cc tn: a. axit pentanoic. ; b. axit propanioic. ; c. axit butanoic. ; d. axit
propenoic ; e. axit metanoic. ;
f. axit etanoic. Vi cc cng thc cu to:
A.CH3[CH2]2COOH. B. CH2=CHCOOH.
C. CH3COOH. D.
CH3[CH2]3COOH.
E. HCOOH.
F. CH2(COOH)2.
333. Vit pthh cho s , (ghi r iu kin, cht hu c vit dng ctct v gi tn).
334. Trnh by phng php ha hc, vit pthh nhn bit 4 dd mt nhn ring bit gm:
propan-1-ol, propanal, axit propanoic, axit propenioc.
335. Trung ha 50,00g dd mt axit cacboxylic no, mch h A c nng 5,20% cn
ng 50ml dd NaOH 1,00M. Mt khc nu t chy hon ton 15,60g cht A, c
10,080l CO2 (ktc). Xc nh ctpt, ctct, tn ca A? s: C3H4O4
336. t chy hon ton 0,500mol hn hp X cha ancol no A, v axit cacboxylic n
cha B, c hai l mch h, cn dng ht 30,24l O2 (ktc). thu c 23,40g H2O v
26,88l CO2 (ktc). Xc nh ctpt, ctct, tn v % khi lng ca tng cht trong X? Bit
B nhiu hn A mt ngt cacbon. s: A l C2H6O2 (56,4%); B l C3H4O2 (43,6%)
337. *Cho 29,60g hn hp X gm 2 axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h k tip trong
mt dy ng ng v mt axit n chc, mch h, c mt lin kt i trong gc
hirocacbon, tc dng vi dd NaOH, c 40,60g mui khan. Nu t chy hon ton
8,88g X th c 6,72l CO2 (ktc). ). Xc nh ctpt, ctct, tn v % khi lng ca tng
cht trong X? s: HCOOH (31,1%) ; CH3COOH (20,3%) ; CH2=CHCOOH (48,6%)
329.

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