PROBLEMS

(1)

12 - DIFFERENTIATION

1
x
differentiable at 0.

for x 0 and f ( 0 ) = 0,

If f ( x ) = x sin

Page 1

prove that f is continuous but not

( 2 ) Find derivatives of the following functions using the definition of a derivative.

x - 1
x + 1

(i)

[ Ans:

(i)

( iii ) sin x 2

( iv ) x sin x

( ii ) 3 a 3x log a,

( iii ) 2x cos x 2

a 3x

( ii )
2

( x + 1)

( iv ) x cos x + sin x

1
, x 0 and f ( 0 ) = 0, prove that f ( 0 ) = 0.
x

(3)

If f ( x ) = x 2 sin

(4)

If f ( x ) = e - 1, x 0 and f ( x ) = l sin x l , x < 0, is f continuous at 0 ? Is it

differentiable at 0 ?
[ Ans: continuous, not differentiable ]

Find derivatives with respect to x of the following functions:

(5)

x 2 log x cos x + 2x log x sin x - x sin x

Ans :

( log x ) 2

x 2 sin x
log x

[ Ans :

( 6 ) 3 x e log x

(7)

x 3 sin x

(8)

log

an

( xn )

3 x ( 1 + x log 3 )

[ Ans: 3 ( log 3 . x sin x + 2x sin x + x cos x ) ]

1
Ans :

x
log
a

( 10 ) log [ log ( log x ) ]

(9)

ex
log x

e x ( x log x - 1 )
Ans :

x ( log x ) 2

1
Ans :

x
log
x
log
(
log
x
)

PROBLEMS

12 - DIFFERENTIATION

Page 2

Find derivatives with respect to x of the following functions:

( 11 ) log ( x +

( 12 )

Ans :

x2 + a2 )

2
2
x + a
1

-1
Ans :
1
3

(1 - x )2 (1 + x )2

1- x
1+ x

( 13 ) sin [ log l cos ( e + x ) l ]

[ Ans: - ( ex

+ 2x ) tan ( e + x ) cos [ log l cos ( e + x ) l ]

( 14 ) sin [ cos { sin ( e + 1 ) l ]

[ Ans:

- ex cos [ cos ( sin ( ex + 1 ) ) ] . sin [ sin ( ex + 1 ) ] . cos ( ex + 1 ) ]

( 15 ) e log l sin x l

[ Ans: cos x if sin x > 0, - cos x if sin x < 0 ]

2
( 16 ) e tan x sin 2 x

tan 2 x ( sin 2x + 2 tan 3 x )

Ans : e

[ Ans: 2x cot ( tan x ) sec x ]

( 17 ) log l sin ( tan x ) l

( 18 )

1 - sin 2x ,

0 < x <

sin - 1

x
,
a

Ans : - sin x - cos x for 0 < x < 4 ,

not differentiable at x =
4

( 19 )

cos x + sin x for

< x <

,
2

0 < lxl < lal

Ans :

1
a2 - x2

for a > 0,

-1

a2 - x2

for a < 0

PROBLEMS

12 - DIFFERENTIATION

Page 3

Find derivatives with respect to x of the following functions:

( 20 )

sin - 1 2x 1 - x 2 ,

lxl < 1

Ans :

-2

1

, 1
, for x - 1,

1 - x2
2
1
, for l x l <
, not differentiable at l x l =
2
1 - x2

1
2

( 21 ) cos -1 ( 4x 3 - 3x )

-3
3
1
for l x l <
,
Ans :
2

1 - x2
1 - x2

not differentiable for l x l =

2

( 22 )

sec - 1

1
,
2
2x - 1

0 < lxl < 1

and l x l

Ans :

( 23 )

tan - 1

cos x
1 - sin x

( 24 )

1 - x2
1 - x2

tan - 1

Ans : 2

( 25 )

( 26 )

1
1 - cos x 2
1
tan

1 + cos x

cot - 1

1 + x2 - 1

2
2

for < x < 2

1

for x - 1, , 1
2

2
for

0 < x < 1

for - 1 < x < 0

and
and

2
1

x 2
x

1 + x2 - 1

1
Ans :

2 ( 1 + x2 )

Ans : - 2

1
Ans :
2 ( 1 + x2

PROBLEMS

12 - DIFFERENTIATION

Page 4

Find derivatives with respect to x of the following functions:

( 27 )

sin - 1

2x
1 + x2

2
Ans :
1 + x2

( 28 )

for l x l < 1 ,

2
1 + x2

not differentiable for l x l = 1

for l x l > 1 ,

1 + x2
sec - 1
1 - x2
2

Ans :
1 + x2

( 29 )

cos - x + cos -

for

x R + - { 1} ,

( 30 )

3 sin x + 4 cos x
sin - 1

( 32 )

tan - 1

( 33 )

x
2

[ Ans :

for x < 0,

1 - x2

1]

for

not differentiable for x = 0 .

a sin x + b cos x
( 31 ) tan - 1

a cos x - b sin x

[ Ans :

1]

2 ( 1 - 8x 2 )
Ans :

( 1 + 16 x 2 ) ( 1 + 4x 2 )

2x
1 + 8x 2

x R + - { - 1} ,
1+ x

not differentiable for x = 0 .

2

1 - x2

Ans : 0 for x > 0,

a2 - x2

a2
x
,
sin - 1
2
a

Ans :

a > 0

a2 - x2

Solve the following problems as directed:

( 34 )

Find
for

du
,
dv

if u = sin - 1

(i) ltl < 1

2t
1 + t2

and ( ii ) t > 1.

and v = tan - 1

2t
1 - t2

[ Ans: ( i ) 1, ( ii ) - 1 ]

PROBLEMS

12 - DIFFERENTIATION

Page 5

Solve the following problems as directed:

( 35 )

If

d
( x n ) = n x n - 1 for n N,
dx
1

prove that

dy
dx

-1
d
1
( xn ) = x n
( n N,
dx
n

( 36 )

Find

( 37 )

If x = a ( - sin ),

x R+ ) .

2x 2 sin ( x 2 + y 2 ) + 1 y

Ans : -

2y 2 sin ( x 2 + y 2 ) + 1 x

if cos ( x + y ) = log ( xy ).

y = a ( 1 - cos ),

find

dy
dx

d2 y

and

dx 2

Ans : cot 2 ,

( 38 )

If x = cos + cos 2 and y = sin + sin 2,

find

dy
2 cos 2 + cos
Ans :
,
= dx
2 sin 2 + sin

( 39 )

If ax

+ 2hxy + by = 0,

( 40 )

If x = 3 cos - 2 cos ,

prove that

d2 y
dx 2

dy
dx

and

d2 y
dx 2

= -

d2 y
dx 2

1

cosec 4
4a
2

( 2 sin 2 + sin ) 3
3 ( 3 + 2 cos )

= 0.

y = 3 sin - 2 sin ,

( 2k - 1 )

find

d2 y
dx 2

3
Ans : - 3 cosec sec 2

( 41 )

Find

( 42 )

Find

dy
,
dx

d2 y
dx 2

if

1- y

+ y

1- x

= a.

if x = 2 cos t - cos 2t,

t 2k or ( 2k - 1 )

Ans :

1 - y2
1 - x 2

y = 2 sin t - sin 2t,

,

k Z.

3
t

3 3t
Ans : 8 sec 2 cosec 2

PROBLEMS

12 - DIFFERENTIATION

Page 6

Solve the following problems as directed:

dy
3at
3at 2
, if x =
, y =
.
dx
1 + t2
1 + t2

( 43 )

Find

( 44 )

If x = a cos + log tan , y = a sin ,

2

( 45 )

Find

d2 y
dx 2

2t

Ans :
1 - t2

find

d2 y
dx 2

4
Ans : a sec sin

, if x = a ( 1 - cos ), y = a ( - sin ), k .
1

3
Ans : 4a sec 2 cosec 2

[ Ans :

dy
, if y = sin x x .
dx

( 46 )

Find

( 47 )

For y = ( sin x ) x + x sin x , find

x x ( 1 + log x ) cos x x

dy
.
dx

x
sin x sin x
+ cos x log x

Ans : ( sin x ) ( log sin x + x cot x ) + x

x

( 48 )

If y = (

x)x

x x,

find

dy
.
dx

Ans : 1 (

( 49 )

Find

dy
dx

for y = x

1
x

+ (1 + x )

1
x

1
x ) x ( 1 + log x ) +
x
2

x -

2 ( log x + 2 )

1
1

- 2
- 1

x - ( 1 + x ) log ( 1 + x )
x
x

( 1 - log x ) + ( 1 + x )
Ans : x
2

( 50 )

Find

dy
, if
dx

x m yn = ( x + y )m + n .

Ans : x

PROBLEMS

12 - DIFFERENTIATION

Page 7

Solve the following problems as directed:

x x x x - 1 ( 1 + x log x + x ( log x ) 2
Ans : x

dy
.
dx

( 51 )

y = xx .

( 52 )

If sin y = x sin( a + y ), prove that

( 53 )

If y = x y ,

( 54 )

Prove that f ( x ) = l x - a l is not differentiable only at x = a. Deduce that

l x - 2 l + l x - 3 l is not differentiable only at x = 2 and x = 3.

( 55 )

If x = at , y = 2at and t 0, then prove that

Find

dy
sin 2 ( a + y )
=
.
dx
sin a

dy
y2
=
,
dx
x ( 1 - y log x )

prove that

y1 =

dy
dx

y2 =

and

d2 y
dx 2

y = tan pt,

For x = tan t,

( 57 )

If y = e m sin

( 58 )

If y = e x ( cos x + sin x ), prove that

( 59 )

If y = ( x +

( 60 )

If y = ( cos - 1 x ) 2 ,

( 61 )

If y = sin ( m sin - 1 x ),

prove that

prove that

x 2 + 1 )m ,

y y 2 + y 1 2 = 0,

where

( 56 )

-1 x

x R+ .

( 1 + x 2 ) y 2 + 2xy 1 = 2pyy 1 .

( 1 - x 2 ) y 2 - x y 1 = m 2 y, where m 0.

y 2 - 2y 1 + 2y = 0 .

prove that ( 1 + x 2 ) y 2 + x y 1 = m 2 y .

prove that

( 1 - x2 ) y 2 - x y1 = 2 .

prove that

( 1 - x 2 ) y 2 - x y 1 + m2 y = 0 .

PROBLEMS

12 - DIFFERENTIATION

Page 8

Solve the following problems as directed:

( 62 )

If y = sin pt, x = sin t,

( 63 )

If y = e m tan

( 64 )

1
1
If 2x = y m + y m ,

( 65 )

If y = e x + e -

( 66 )

If cos - 1

-1 x

prove that

( 1 + x 2 ) y 2 + ( 2x - m ) y 1 = 0 .

prove that

x,

( 1 - x 2 ) y 2 - x y 1 + p2 y = 0 .

prove that

prove that

( x 2 - 1 ) y 2 + xy 1 = m 2 y .

4 xy 2 + 2y 1 - y = 0 .

y
x
= log
,
b
n

prove that

x 2 y 2 + x y 1 + n2 y = 0 .

Find derivatives with respect to x of the following functions:

( 67 )

( 68 )

( 69 )

( 70 )

x sin - 1

2x
1 + x2

lxl < 1

cos - 1 x
Ans :
3

2 2

(
1
x
)

x cos -1 x
1 - x2

cos x - sin x
tan - 1

cos x + sin x

( x3 - 2 )

2x
+ 2 tan - 1 x
Ans :
2
1+ x

1 - x2

[ Ans: - 1 ]

x2 + 1

3
2
( x + 2x + 3 ) ( 2x - 5 ) 2

3
2
2

(x - 2) x + 1
2 ( x + 1)
3x
x
3
Ans :

+
3 x3
2x - 5

x2 + 1
x 2 + 2x + 3
- 2

2
( x + 2x + 3 ) ( 2x - 5 )

PROBLEMS

12 - DIFFERENTIATION

Page 9

Find derivatives with respect to x of the following functions:

( 71 )

( sin x )log x + ( log x ) x

log x log x cot x + log ( sin x ) + ( log x ) x

Ans : ( sin x )
x

( 72 )

tan - 1

a2 - b2
2

a - b
x
tan
a + b
2

+ log log x
log x

Ans : a + b cos x

Solve the following problems as directed:

( 73 )

Let f ( x ) be a function satisfying the condition f ( - x ) = f ( x ) for all x. If f ( 0 )

exists, find its value.
[ Ans: 0 ]

( 74 )

If x = sec - cos

and

y = sec

dy
then show that ( x 2 + 4 )

dx

- cos

= ( y 2 + 4 ) n2 .

dy
prove that

dx

d2 y
= 3 sin 2 ( 5 cos 2 - 1 ) .
+ y
dx2

( 75 )

If x = cos ,

( 76 )

If y

( 77 )

If u and v are derivable functions of x,

d
du
dv
( uv ) = v uv - 1
then prove that
+ uv
log u .
dx
dx
dx

( 78 )

If f ( 2 ) = 4,

y = sin ,

= p ( x ), then prove that 2

g ( 2 ) = 9,

d 3 d 2 y
= p ( x ) p" ' ( x ) .
y
dx
dx 2

f ( 2 ) = g ( 2 ), then find

lim

x2

f(x) - 2
g( x ) - 2

Ans : 2

PROBLEMS

12 - DIFFERENTIATION

Page 10

Solve the following problems as directed:

d2 x

d2 y

= -

dy

.
dx

( 79 )

Prove that

( 80 )

If

( 81 )

If ky = sin ( x + y ), prove that y 2 = - y ( 1 + y 1 ) 3 .

( 82 )

If log y = log sin x - x ,

( 83 )

For y = log 7 ( log 7 x 4 ) , obtain

( 84 )

If

( 85 )

Prove that

( 86 )

For y = tan - 1

( 87 )

Prove that

( 88 )

If y = x log
,
a + bx

( 89 )

If y =

tan

y
=
2

dy 2

dx 2

dy
sin y
1 - e2
.
=
=
dx
sin x
1 + e cos x

1- e
x
tan , prove that
1+ e
2

x
a
= log
,
x - y
x - y

1 - x2

1 - y2

a ( a 2 - 3x 2 )

y = x log [ ( ax )-

dy
x
= 2 .
dx
y

= a ( x - y ), ( a 0 )

obtain

+ a ]

dy
=
dx

1 - y2
1 - x2

x ( x + 1 ) y 2 + x y 1 = y - 1.

x 3 y 2 = ( y - xy 1 ) 2 .

prove that

3a
Ans : 2

a + x2

dy
dx

prove that

x - 1,

1
Ans :

x ( log 7 ) ( log x )

dy
.
dx

prove that

3xa 2 - x 3

x + 1 +

y 2 + 4xy 1 + ( 4x 2 + 3 ) y = 0 .

prove that

( x2 - 1) y 2

y
+ x y1 =
.
4

( 90 ) Differentiate sin- x w.r.t. x , l x l < 1 using the definition of derivative.

PROBLEMS

12 - DIFFERENTIATION

Page 11

Solve the following problems as directed:

( 91 )

If y = A ( x +

x 2 - 1 )n + B ( x -

prove that ( x 2 - 1 ) y 2

x 2 - 1 )n ,

+ x y 1 - n2 y = 0 .

g ( x ) 0 x Dg and g ( 0 ) = 2,

( 92 )

If g ( x1 + x2 ) = g ( x1 ) g ( x2 ) and
then prove that g ( x ) = 2 g ( x ).

( 93 )

If f

( 94 )

If f ( a ) = 2, f ( a ) = 1, g ( a ) = - 1,
g( x )f (a ) - f ( x )g(a )
= 5.
lim
x - a
xa

( 95 )

For p = a cos + b sin , prove that p + p

= g

and

f(x) =

1 + x3

, then prove that g ( y ) = 1 + [ g ( y ) ] .

g ( a ) = 2, then prove that

d 2p
d 2

= a b .

1
2 2
- b )

dy
(a
=
.
dx
a + b cos x

( 96 )

If ( a - b cos y ) ( a + b cos x ) = a - b , prove that

( 97 )

If S n = a + ax + ax + upto n terms,
d
show that ( 1 - x )
S n = n S n 1 - ( n - 1 ) S n.
dx

( 98 )

P.t. y = x sin y

( 99 )

If y = f ( x ) is one-one and onto, p.t. f ( x ) = - ( f ) [ f ( x ) ] .

( 100 )

dy
sin y
y
sin 2 y
=
=
=
.
dx
1 - x cos y
x ( 1 - x cos y )
sin y - y cos y
1

Find

dy
dx

y - x2

tan - 1
x2

.
for x = e

y2
Ans : x
x4

+ 2