LENSES

GRADE 11 PHYSICS

CHELSTONE HIGH SCHOOL

MR. S. S. SIMFUKWE S.S.S 1
 Objectives
 Define a lens
 Give the major types of lenses

 Describe how lenses refract light rays

 Ray diagrams

 Drawing ray diagrams

 Giving properties of images formed by

converging lenses.
 Exercise

 Home work
S.S.S 2
 A Lens
 It is a curved piece of glass or transparent
material made to bend or refract light

S.S.S 3
 Types of Lenses
 There are two major types of lenses i.e.
 Convex or converging lenses
 Concave or diverging lenses

S.S.S 4
How LensesConverging
Refract lens
Light Rays

Principal axis
.

Optical centre Focal length (F) Focal point

S.S.S 5
 Ray Diagrams
Steps to apply when drawing ray diagram
i. Rays parallel to the principle axis bend and pass through
the focal point (F).
ii. Ray through the optical centre continue in a straight line
iii. Rays passing through the focal point (F) will bend and
become parallel to the principle axis

EXAMPLES
 Object Beyond 2F

i Image
Properties
u ii •Diminished
v •Inverted
•Its real
2F F F 2F •Its between F
iii
and 2F

S.S.S 6
 Object Placed at 2F
i

u ii

2F F iii F 2F v

Properties of the Image

•Same size as the object
•It is real
•Inverted
•Formed at 2F
S.S.S 7
 Exercise
Complete the ray diagrams and give the properties
of the images formed
1. Object between F and 2F

2F F F 2F

2. Object between F and the lens

2F F F 2F

S.S.S 8
 Answers
1. Object between F and 2F

Object

2F F F 2F

Image

Properties of the Image

• It is real
• Magnified
• Inverted
• It is beyond 2F
S.S.S 9
 Answers Continues

Image

2F F F 2F

Properties of the Image

• it is upright
• magnified
• on the same side as the object
• it virtual
S.S.S 10
 Home Work
Using the hyperlinks given below, click on each
of them, which will open a website to help you;
a) State the major uses of convex lenses,

b) In each use state the position of image formed

and its properties.
i. http://home.att.net/~cat4a/light-IX.htm
ii. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens_(optics)
iii. http://cord.org/cm/leot/course06_mod08/mod06_
08.htm

S.S.S 11