saerTaSoriso samarTlis arsi

saerTaSoriso samarTlis warmoSveba

 aRniSnuli samarTlis dargi “saerTaSoriso samarTlis” saxelwodebiT

moixsenieba XVIII saukunidan, iqamde vxvdebodiT Semdeg
saxelwodebebs: saxalxo samarTali; saxelmwifoTaSorisi samarTali da sxva.
 saerTaSoriso samarTlis warmoSvebis Sesaxeb arsebuliYyvela
gamoTqmuli azris SejamebiT, SesaZlo xdeba sami mimarTulebis
gamoyofa:
1. saerTaSoriso samarTali Seiqmna tomTaSorisi urTierTobebis
CamoyalibebasTan erTad;
2. saerTaSoriso samarTali Seiqmna saxelmwifoebis CamoyalibebasTan
erTad;
3. saerTaSoriso samarTali Seiqmna Sua saukuneebis bolos, roca
Camoyalibda suverenuli saxelmwifoebi.
 saerTaSoriso samarTlis
cneba

• arsebobs sxvdasxva mecnierTa mier SemoTavazebuli saerTaSoriso

samarTlis ganmartebebi:M
• mxolod im normebs, anu qcevis wesebs, romlebic saxelmwifoTa,sxva
subieqtebis urTierTSetanxmebis safuZvelzec iqmnebian da romelTa
Sesrulebis uzrunvelyofa TviT saxelmwifoebis, sxva subieqtebis mier
individualurad an koleqtiurad xdeba, ewodeba saerTaSoriso samarTali;
• iuridiuli normebis sistema, romelic aregulirebs saxelmwifoebsa da am
sistemis sxva subieqtebs Soris urTierTobebs, ewodeba saerTaSoriso sajaro
samarTali.
 Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi samarTlisagan gansxvavebiT saerTaSoriso
samarTals gaaCnia specifiuri aspeqtebi:

• saerTaSoriso samarTlis ZiriTad subieqtebs warmoadgenen saxelmwifoebi;

• saerTaSoriso samarTlis regulirebis sagani, mxolod saxelmwifoTa
samTavroboTaSoriso urTierTobebia;
• saerTaSoriso samarTlis obieqti aris saexelmwifoTaSoriso urTierTobebi,
kerZod saxelmwifoTa qmedeba, umoqmedoba, teritoria...;
• saerTaSoriso samarTlis wyaroebia saxelmwifoTa Sorisi SeTanxmebis
Sedegad Camoyalibebuli normebi;
• saerTaSoriso samarTlis normata Sesrulebis uzrunvelyofas igive subieqtebi
awesrigeben vinc monawileobas iRebs maT SeqmnaSi.
 moqmedebis sferos mixedviT Gganasxvaveben:

 universalurebi saerTaSoriso samarTals – romelic TiTqmis yvela

saxelmwifos interesebs emsaxureba da mTeli saerTaSoriso sazogadoebis
samarTals warmoadgens;

 regionalur saerTaSoriso samarTals – romelic erT geografiul teritoriaze

arsebul saxelmwifoebis urTierTobas aregulirebs;

 partikularulebi (lokalurebi) saerTaSoriso samarTals – romelic or an

ramdenime saxelmwifoTa Soris urTierTobebs aregulirebs.
terminiT saerTaSoriso samarTali aRiniSneba sayovelTao saerTaSoriso
samaRatli
 saerTaSoriso samarTlis normaTa ierarqia

• sayovelTaod aRiarebuli principebi;

• sayovelTao saerTaSoriso samarTlis calkeuli dargobrivi principebi;
• ZiriTad da dargobriv principebis SesabamisobaSi arsebuli dargobrivi
normebi;
• Lokaluri saerTaSoriso-samarTlebrivi principebi da normebi, romelnic ori
an ramdenime saxelmwifos urTierTobas aregulireben.
 samarTlebrivi regulirebis meTodis mixedviT – arsebobs imperatiuli da
dispoziciuri norma.
 saerTaSoriso da Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi samarTlis
Tanafardoba

• saerTaSoriso da Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi samarTlis Tanafardobis sakiTxTan

dakavSirebiT mecnierebis mier SemuSavebulia 2 Teoria:

 monisturi – rodesac saerTaSoriso da erovnuli (nacionaluri) samarTali

ganixileba rogorc samarTlis erTiani sistemis nawili. am koncefciis
mimdevari saxelmwifoTa erTi nawili saerTaSoriso samarTlis primats
aRiarebs, meore nacionaluris;

 dualisturi – rodesac saerTaSoriso da erovnuli samarTali sxvadasxva

sferoSi moqmedebs da warmoadgens damoukidebel samarTlebriv
sistemebs, romlebic ar imyofebian TanadaqvemdebarebaSi.
 saerTaSoriso samarTlisa da Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi samarTlis
urTierTzemoqmedebis meqanizmebi

 pirvel rigSi unda aRiniSnos, rom Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi samarTali unda

iyos SeTanxmebuli saerTaSoriso samarTalTan ise, rom is uzrunveyofdes
am ukanasknelis Sesrulebas.

 saxelmwifos SigniT saerTaSoriso samarTlis normebis ganxorcielebis

process transformacia ewodeba, rac SemdegSi mdgomareobs - saxelmwifo
Tavisi Sida samarTlis daxmarebiT uzrunvelyofs saerTaSoriso samarTlis
normebis realizacias, amitom ufro marTebuli iqneba mas uwodoT
saerTaSoriso samarTlis normebis erovnul samarTlebrivi implementacia.
 iuridiuli teqnikidan gamomdinare SegviZlia gamovyoT
transformaciis Semdegi saxeebi:

• inkorporacia – saeraTSoriso xelSekrulebis normebis “formaluri” Seyvana

Sidasaxelmwifoebriv samarTalSi, aRniSnuli xelSekrulebis
Sidasaxelmwifoebriv samarTalSi “Seyvanis” gziT. realurad miiReba kanoni
an kanonqvemdebare aqti, romelic identuria saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebisa da
imeorebs mis Sinaars, struqturas, saTaurs da a.S.
• legitimacia – gansakuTrebuli Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi aqtis miReba,
saxelmwifos mier saerTaSoriso samarTlis normebis an individualuri
saerTaSoriso samarTlis normebis Sesasruleblad. Mmsgavsi
Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi norma ar imeorebs yvela im garegan maxasiaTeblebs,
rasac atarebs saerTaSoriso normatiuli aqti.
• miTiTeba- gamoiyeneba Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi urTierTobebis wesebis
regulirebisaTvis, romelic dadgenilia saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebiT an
saerTaSoriso CveulebiT.
• arsebobs TviTSemsrulebadi da araTviTSemsrulebadi xelSekruleba.
 TviTSemsrulebadi xelSekruleba – es ari xelSekruleba, romlis normebi
maTi konkretulobisa da dasrulebis gamo SeiZleba gamoyenebuli iqnas
Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi normebis gareSe.
 araTviTSemsrulebadi xelSekruleba – es aris xelSekruleba, romelic
moiTxovs Tavis Sesasruleblad konkretizebuli Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi
normebis Semoqmedebas, Tundac saxelmwifo sanqcias aZlevdes misi
wesebis gamoyenebas qveynis SigniT.
• saqarTvelos konstituciis me-6 muxlis me-2 nawilSi aRniSnulia, rom
“saqarTvelos kanonmdebloba Seesabameba saerTaSoriso samarTlis
sayovelTaod aRiarebul principebs da normebs. saqarTvelos saerTaSoriso
xelSekrulebas an SeTanxmebas, Tu igi ar ewinaaRmdegeba saqarTvelos
konstitucias, konstituciur SeTanxmebas aqvs upiratesi iuridiuli Zala
Sidasaxelmwifoebrivi normetiuli aqtebis mimarT”.