Professional Documents
Culture Documents
wdkif;&if;om;tcGifhta&;
'Dru
kd a&pDa&;
KAREN NEWSLETTER
}}uHhzGH@ppftpdk;&udk urBmhppfcHk&Hk;
wifEdkifatmif tjrefqHk;
pHkprf;ppfaq;a&;
aumfr&SifzGJ@Edkifatmif
}udK;pm;oGm;r,f?
(pmrsufESm 3)
ZGev
f /
2011 ckEpS f
anmifav;yifc&dik t
f wGi;f &Sd jrefrmppfwyfpcef;wpfck (Photo-KNU)
opfckwf/ 0g;ckwf ae@wkdif;yJoGm;
vkyaf y;ae&w,f? wpf&uf+yD;wpf
&uf r+yD;wwfwt
hJ cgusawmh &Gm
om;awGvnf; rcHEkdifawmhbl;?
[k qko
d nf?
vkyt
f m;ay; ckid ;f apcH&
ol a'ocH & G m ol & G m om;rsm;rS m
wyfpcef;aqmuf/ vrf;&Sif;vif;
a&;twG u f v k d t yf o nf h y pP n f ;
rsm;tjyif pm;aomuf&ef xrif;
xkyfukdvnf; rdrdwkd@zmom ,l
aqmifoGm;&onf[k if;uquf
vufajymqkdonf?
xk@d tjyif reuf 8em&D
tcsed rf pS I naerk;d csKyfonftxd
oGm;a&mufvyk u
f idk af y;&+yD; pcef;
wGicf w
H w
k u
f si;f aqmufvyk &f eft
wGuf 0ufvmawm/ Ekd@a0:/ ywW
vm;/ ol;ubD;/ at;e,f ponfh
aus;&Gmtkyfpkrsm;rS qeftdwft
vGwftvkH; 2000 &SmazGay;&
onf[k od&onf?
,ckvkd tpkd;& ppfwyf
. ae@pOf vkyt
f m;ckid ;f apr_udk a'
ocHrsm;rSm qufvufvkyfaqmif
Ekid fpGrf; r&Sad wmhonftqkH; (au
tJe,
f )l xHo@dk vma&mufwifjy=u
onf[k autJef,l ausmuf}uD;
ykwfoiftronf tyifay:
owd}uD;pGmjzifh wufvm+yD;
vufaqmifudk
vufcHvdkufaomtcg vSyonfh
tonf;yHktoGif jzpfay:vmonf/
(pmrsufESm 10)
ZGefv27&uf?
apmodef;jrifh (autkdifpD)
yJcl;wkdif;/ ausmuf}uD;
rd@e,f&adS 'ocH&mG om; 200ausmf
onf ZGev
f qef;ykid ;f rSpI ,ae@t
csed x
f d tpk;d &wyfrsm;. vkyt
f m;
ay;ckdif;apr_ukd ae@pOf&ifqkdifae&
onf[k a'ocHrsm;. ajymjycsuf
t& od&onf?
ausmuf}uD;rd@t
aemufbuf (6)rkid f tuGmta0;&Sd
0uf v mawm/ ywW v m;/ at;
e,f/ omvJponfh aus;&Gmtkypf k
rsm;rS a'ocH&mG ol&mG om; 290OD;
ukd bk&m;uke;f &St
d pk;d &wyf ppfuyG f
uJ a &;XmecsKyf p uc(12) vuf
atmufcH cr&(345)wyf&if;u
ZGev
f 19&ufae@rS ,ae@txdae@
pOf vkyt
f m;ckid ;f apaea=umif; a'
ocHwpfO;D u ,ckvdk ajymonf?
a'ocH w OD ; u 0uf
vmawmaus;&G m tk y f p k u t
a,muf 70/ ywWvm;aus;&Gmtkyf
pku 150/ at;e,f 100/ omvJ
u ta,muf 70? 'Dv 19&ufu
aep+yD;awmh 'Duae@txd bk&m;
uk e f ; u cr&(345)wyf & if ; t
wGuf wyfpcef;aqmuf/ jrufcw
k /f
wyf&u
d mQ xrf;ay;&ojzihf ud,
k y
f i
kd a
f wmif,mcif;
30ausmf ysufp;D cJh
ZGefv 24&uf?
apmcg;pl;nm; (autdkifpD)
u&ifjynfe,f/ u&if
trsKd ; om;tpnf ; tk H ; KNU
xde;f csKyfe,fajr zmyGecf dik f bl;odk
rde,ftwGif;&Sd jrefrmppfwyf.
wyf & d u Q m t"rR x rf ; cd k i f ; jcif ;
a=umihf a'ocHvx
l .
k awmif,m
cif; 30ausmfrSm rvkyfudkif&bJ
ysupf ;D cJ&h onf[k KNU. ,ckv
owif;xkwfjyefcsuf rSwfwrf;t
& od&onf?
+yD;cJo
h nfh {+yDvu t
qdkyg a'otwGif;&SdvlxkrSm jref
rmtpdk;&ppfwyf. v_yf&Sm;wyfzGJ@
wyfr(11) vufatmufcH cv&
(214)wyfrsm;. cdkif;apr_a=umihf
k yf ikd f
&dumQ rsm; xrf;ay;cJ&h +yD; ud,
awmif,mtvkyfudk tcsdefrD r
vkyEf ikd af wmhojzihf xd@k z;kd xmhyg'EJ iS fh
acgy@dk aus;&Gmrsm;rS awmif,m 29
cif;ESihf ac;xmh&GmrS awmif,m 6
cif;rSm ,ckvdk ysufpD;&jcif;jzpf
onf[k KNU zmyGecf dik f OuUX
y'd k a pmxJ ' ,f u autd k i f p D u d k
ajymonf?
,if;od@k awmif,mcif;
rsm; ysufpD;oGm;&onfh a'ocH
jynfolrsm;taejzihf vmrnfhESpf
wGif pm;eyf&duQmjy\emESihf &if
qdkifuHawG@&Edkif+yD; jrefrmppfwyf
. vlxktm;cdkif;apr_a=umihf if;
wd@k a'otwGi;f aemufqufwJG 'k
uQa&muf&onfhtay: jynfwGif;
jynfyESifh Edik if w
H umtodik ;f t0dik ;f
rsm;tm; wifjyay;yg&ef KNU
zmyG e f c d k i f x H awmif ; qd k x m;
a=umif; od&onf?
+yD ; cJ h o nf h rwf v ES i h f
{+yD v twG i f ; u jref r mppf w yf
wyfr(11)vufatmufcHwyf&if;
rsm;ESihfwuG ppfAsL[mXmecsKyfpAc(1) vufatmufcH ajcjref
wyf&if; cr&(434)ESihf ajcvsiw
f yf
&if; cv&(19)wdk@onf bl;odkrd
e,ftwGif;&Sd if;wdk@wyfpcef;&Sd
&m acgy@kd / u[D;usK;d / ewfawmif
(v,fw;kd )/ 0gv
h /l ausmuf!yS /f rJh
w&dxmhpcef;odk@ wyf&duQmxrf;
&ef a'ocHvlxkrsm;udk t"rRac:
,lcdkif;apcJhonf?
zmyGecf &dik w
f ae&mrS awmif,mpyg;cif;
Photo-KIC
t,f'w
D mhtmabmf
+rdK@jywdu
k yf EJG iS hf +idr;f csrf;a&;
EdkifiHawmfwnf+idrfa&;/ &yf&Gmat;csrf;om,ma&;ESifh w&m;Oya' pdk;rdk;a&;
qdkonfhaqmifyk'fyg vufawG@ taumiftxnfazmfaqmifr_rSm Armjynf
ESihf wdik ;f &if;om; jynfov
l x
l k wpf&yfv;kH twGuf ,cktcsed x
f d ay:xGe;f vm
jcif; r&Sad o;? rqv/ e0w/ etz tqufqufaom ppftpd;k &vufxuf
EdkifiHa&;jy\emudk ppfa&;t& ajz&Sif;vmr_rsm;. aemufqufwGJrSm }uHhzGH@
tpdk;&vufxufwdkif r+yD;qHk;Edkifao;a=umif; aejynfawmf/ rE Wav;/ =uyf
ajy;/ awmifil AHk;aygufuGJr_rsm;ESifh bk&m;oHk;ql rd@jywdkufyGJrsm;u oufao
jyv#uf&Sdonf?
+yD;cJhonfh 1994 ckESpfuwnf;u ,ckESpftxd ppftpdk;&ESifh typf&yfcJhonfh
ucsifvGwfajrmufa&;wyfzGJ@(autdkifat)yifv#if ESpfaygif; 17ESpf=umum
vtwGif; yxrqHk; jyefvnf wdkufcdkufvmonfrSm zdESdyfr_udk awmfvSef
vmjcif;yif? trsm;u xifjrif,lqcJhonfhtwdkif; a&G;aumufyGJvGefumv
rS tpdk;&opfwufvmonftxd wdkif;&if;om;a'orsm;wGif wdkufyGJoHrsm;
rSm ae@pOf&ufquf tqufrjywfbJ ydkrdk qlnHvmonf? ppfrSefonfh +idrf;
csrf;a&;udk rwnfaqmufoa&G@ e,fpGefe,fzsm;rS wdkufyGJ}uD;i,frsm;rSm
rd@jyqDodk@ ul;pufawmufavmifvmaernfyif jzpfonf?
EdkifiHudk rwnfr+idrfvkyfol/ &yf&Gmvlxk at;csrf;pGm vkyfudkifpm;aomufr&
atmif yvkyfol/ yg;pyfzsm;u xGufusvmonfh Oya'jzifh vlxkudk pdk;rdk;
xm;olrSm ,ae@ a'ocHjynfolrsm;udk ypfrSwfxm;&if; u&if/ ucsif/ &Srf;
vufeufuikd t
f zJ@G rsm;udk wdu
k cf u
kd af csre_ ;f aeonfh tpd;k &wyfrawmfomyif
jzpfonf? &ufaygif; 100ausmfom =umjrifhao;onfh oufwrf;twGif;
tpdk;&u vlxktwGuf xda&mufatmifjrifaom vkyfaqmifcsuf r&Sdao;
aomfvnf; aygufuGJr_rsm; vkyf}uHzefwD;jcif;jzifh e,fvSnfhpnf;Hk;a&;qif;
rnf[k xkwfazmfajymqdkxm;onfh a':atmifqef;pk=unfESifh if;.ygwD0if
rsm;udk vHkcHa&;t& pdwftaESmuft,Suf jzpfoGm;atmif oG,f0dkufonfh
enf;jzifh +cdrf;ajcmufaeonf? if;wdk@u omreft&yfoluJhodk@om oabm
xm;onfh 'Drdkua&pDacgif;aqmif a':atmifqef;pk=unfudk +cdrf;ajcmufr_
=um;rSyif uae'g Quebec jynfe,fu ,ckESpftwGuf The City of
Saint-Luc vl@tcGifhta&;qkudk csD;jrSifhcJhonf?
xdktajctae=um;rSmyif tpdk;&. jynfxJa&;0ef}uD;Xmeu 2011ckESpf/
ZGefv 28&ufpGJjzifh ygwD OuUX OD;atmifa&$ESifh a':atmifqef;pk=unfwdk@xH
odk@ EkdifiHa&;/ vlr_a&;vkyfief;rsm;udk Oya'ESifhtnD vdkufemaqmif&Guf&ef
ta=umif;=um;pm ay;ydk@cJhonf? 1990 a&G;aumufyGJwGif vlxkrJjzifh tEdkif
&onfhygwDtaejzifh vlxkrJjzifhom y,fzsuf&rnfjzpfonf? ppftkyfpk
aemufcHonfh ,ck tpdk;&onf jynfy&efqdkonfxuf rdrdEdkifiH&Sd vlxkwpf
&yfvHk;ESifh twdkuftcHygwDrsm;udk aemufuG,fwGif (Black List)pm&if;
xnfo
h iG ;f um acsre_ ;f v#u&f adS eonf? TonfrmS ArmjynftwGuf xm0&
+idrf;csrf;r_toGifudk aqmif=uOf;Ekdifr_r[kwfbJ rd@jywdkufyGJjzpf&ef pdefac:r_
wpfckom jzpfonf?
tpdk;&opfonf oef@&Sif;aomtpdk;&r[kwfovdk c|wfcHusaeonfh jrefrmh
pD;yGm;a&;twGuf EdkifiHjcm;aiGvJE_ef;udkyif wnf+idrfatmif raqmif&GufEdkif?
if;tjyif tdref ;D csi;f a'owGi;f Edik if rH sm;ESihf usL;ausmcf u
kd &f ef jzpfymG ;aejcif;
r[kwb
f J rdrv
d x
l u
k ykd if ypfrw
S x
f m; wdu
k cf u
kd af e&m if;wd@k . aqmify'k t
f
wdik ;f rif;rJph du
k jf zifh 'Dru
kd a&pD r&Edik o
f vdk rif;qd;k rif;npf tkycf sKyfra_ tmuf
wGifvnf; 'Drdkua&pD ay:xGef;vmrnfr[kwfonfudk vlxkwpf&yfvHk;u
owdcsyfum ppfrSefonfh +idrf;csrf;a&;. tESpfom&udk cHpm;Edkifa&;twGuf
+rdK@jywdkufyGJwGif yl;aygif;yg0if qifEGJoifhayonf?
u&ifowif;pOf
wm0efct
H ,f'w
D m eef;azmha*
vufaxmuft,f'w
D m eef;xl;pH
owif;axmufrsm; apmcg;pl;nm;/
apmode;f jrifh
u&ifyidk ;f bmomjyef apmu&S;D
tjyiftqif
apmzd;k ausm/f apmxGe;f Ekid f
qufo,
G &f ef
kicnews@yahoo.com
P.O Box 22
Mae Sot, 63110
Tak, Province
Thailand.
<www.kicnews.org>
KIA owif;xkwfjyef
csuw
f iG f 2011ckEpS /f ZGev
f 9&uf
ae@rS ,ae@tcsed x
f d KIAwyfEiS fh
jrefrmhwyfrawmfwdk@ wdkufyGJrsm;
jzpfyGm;v#uf&Sdovdk KIO-KIA
taejzihf jynfot
l rsm; pd;k &dryf yl ef
v#uf 'kuQ}uHKawG@&rnfudk rvdk
vm;a=umif;/ tpdk;&ppfwyfESihf
KIAwyfzGJ@wdk@t=um; wif;rmr_
jzpfpOf tajctae tao;pdwu
f kd
tcsuaf ygi;f 24csujf zihf vlxt
k m;
&Sif;vif;xm;onf?
xd k t csuf r sm;xJ w G i f
ZGev
f 8&ufae@u KIAwyfr[m
(3)/ wyf&if;(15) a&S@wef;pcef;od@k
e,fu|H0ifa&mufvmonfh &Jwyf
om; &JEikd /f rGe;f vGJ 2em&DwiG f vuf
eufc,
J rf; tjynft
h pHjk zihf e,fu|H
0ifa&mufvmonfh cr&(437)rS
Adkvf}uD; jrwfudkudkESihf Adkvfudkudk
0if;wd@k tm; acwWxed ;f odr;f xm;cJh
+yD; if;wd@k . vufeufrsm;ESit
fh wl
jyefv$wfay;cJhonf?
od@k aomf tpd;k &wyfrmS
ZGefv/
pmrsufESm 2
=unfh&tHk;r,f?[k jyefvnfajz
=um;cJhonf?
od@k aomf tpd;k &owif;
pm azmfjycsux
f w
J iG f +idr;f csr;f a&;
aumifpD tzG@J 0if 25OD;udk rGejf ynf
e,f vHk cHa&;ESifh e,fpyfa&;&m0ef
}uD;Xme 0ef}uD; AdkvfrSL;}uD;aX;
atmifjrihfu udqdk+yD; rGefjynf
e,f u&ifwikd ;f &if;om; a&;&m0ef
}uD ; Xme0ef } uD ; OD ; apmatmif
ausmo
f ed ;f u vufeufEiS fh tvif;
0ifa&mufjcif;tay: 0rf;ajrmuf
*k%,
f al =umif; ajym=um;cJo
h nf?
tqd k y g +id r f ; csrf ; a&;
aumifpD wyfzGJ@0ifrsm;udk wpfOD;
v#if aiG u syf w pf o d e f ; E_ e f ; jzih f
25od e f ; ud k Ad k v f r S L ;}uD ; aX;jrih f
atmifuvnf;aumif;/ qef 25
tdwEf iS fh ukvm;yJ 3tdwu
f kd jynf
e,f&JwyfzGJ@rSL; &JrSL;}uD;aersKd;u
vnf ; aumif ; / armf v rd i f c d k i f /
usKdufra&mrd trSwf(15)&Jwyf
&if;. &JoHvGifcrf;rwGif yvkyf
onfh tvif;0if tcrf;tem;wGif
axmufyHhay;tyfcJhonf?
tck jyefvufeufcs
ay;&efEiS fh wdu
k yf rJG sm;a=umihf use;f
rma&;/ pm;0wfaea&;/ vHk+cHKa&;
qd;k 0g;r_rsm;ESifh td;k tdr/f awmif,m
rsm;pGef@ypf+yD; tcuftcJ}uHKae&
aom ppfab;'kuo
Q nfrsm;udk Edik if H
wumrdom;pkrsm;rS tjrefq;kH t
ultnDay;=u&efvnf; awmif;
qdkxm;onf?
aemfqef;u vuf&Sd
tajctaerSm usaemfw@kd wdik ;f &if;
om;awG[m tm%m&Sif&J@ om;
aumifawGjzpfaew,f? aemuf
wdkif;&if;om;/ &JabmfawG[m a&S@
wef;rSm toufpGef@+yD; e,fajreJ@
jynf o l a wG u d k umuG , f a e&
w,f? olwdk@awG[m jynfolawG
eJ@ twlqif;&J'kuQcHae&w,fqdk
wm azmf j ywmjzpf y gw,f ? [k
quf vufajymqdo
k nf?
if;tjyif ppfab;'%f
jynfolrsm;onf rdrdwdk@ a'ot
wGif; jyefvnfaexdkifEdkifa&;t
wGuf 'Dru
kd a&pDEiS fh wdik ;f &if;om;
tiftm;pktm;vHk; yl;aygif;aqmif
&Guf+yD; awmif;qdkwdkufyGJ0ifoGm;
=u&rnf jzpf a =umif ; vnf ;
SYCBu qdo
k nf?
a=unmcsuf ed*;kH csKyfY
ESpaf ygi;f (60)ausmv
f monfh jref
rmjynfwGif; ppfjy\emrSm EdkifiH
a&;jy\em jzpfI EdkifiHa&;enf;
jziho
f m ajz&Si;f &efEiS fh tpd;k &tae
jzihf wdkif;&if;om;a'orsm;&Sd xdk;
ppfEiS fh ppfa&;jyifqifrr_ sm;udk csuf
csif;&yfwef@a&;ESihf wef;wlaqG;
aEG;tajz&Sma&;jyKvkyf&ef wdkuf
wGef;xm;onf?
jrefrmEdkifiH ausmif;
om;vli,frsm;uGe*f &uf SYCB
udk 1996ckESpf/ Zefe0g&DvY tdENd
,Edik if H e,l;a'vD+rdK@wiG f zG@J pnf;cJh
+yD; vuf&SdwGif wdkif;&if;om;vl
i,ftzG@J (15)zG@J jzihf xdik ;f ESifh tdEdN
,-jrefrme,fpyfwGif tajcpdkuf
v_yf&Sm;v#uf&Sdonf?
=opa=w;vsm; qpf'eDwi
G f vlxt
k pnf;ta0;ESifh
'kuo
Q nfae@ usif;y+yD;pD;cJh
Photo-KIC
=opa=w;vsm; qpf'eDwGif vlxktpnf;ta0;ESihf 'kuQonfae@rSwfwrf;yHk
ZGev
f 20&uf?
apmausmfcDG; (autdkifpD)
jrefrmhEdkifiHa&; t=uyf
twnf;qdkif&m vlxktpnf;t
a0;ESifh 'kuo
Q nfrsm;ae@ tcrf;t
em;udk =opa=w;vsm;EdkifiH e,l;
aqmha0;jynfe,f qpf'eDrd um
&mrm&yfuu
G &f dS The Conferen
ce Hall of STARTTS wGif =op
a=w;vsm; u&iftrsK;d om;tzG@J t
f 18&ufae@
pnf; (AKO)rS ZGev
wGif usif;y+yD;pD;cJhonf?
xd k a e@wG i f tpD t pOf
ESpyf ikd ;f cGI
J usi;f y&m ae@vnf 11
em&DrS rGef;vGJ 2em&Dtxd jrefrm
jynf&Sd vl@tcGihfta&;csKd;azmufr_
tygt0if 'Drdkua&pDESihf trsKd;
om; jyefvnfoihjf rwfa&;udp&P yf
rsm;udk ausmif;q&m/ q&mrrsm;/
q&m0efrsm;/ Burma Campaign
=opa=w;vsm; Burma Campai
gn-UK/ autJe,
f l UK ud,
k pf m;
vS , f / 88rsKd ; quf a usmif ; om;
rsm;/ =opa=w;vsm;a&muf u&if
trsKd;om;rsm;ESihf jrefrmhta&;
pdwfyg0ifpm;olaygif; 30OD;ausmf
u wufa&mufaqG;aEG;ch=J uonf?
EdkifiHa&;tusOf;om;
tm;vH;k udk rv$waf y;oa&G/ wdik ;f
&if;om;awGeJ@ wdkufcdkufaer_awG
udk r&yfwef@oa&G EdkifiHwum
urfydef;awGrSm vkyfvdk@&Edkifor#
EdkifiHa&;enf;vrf;aygif;pHkeJ@ 'Dr
[mvlrsK;d }uD;0g' vufuikd x
f m;wJh
ppftm%m&SifawGudk EdkifiHwum
zdtm;awG ykdrdkay;vmEdkifatmif
ud;pm;oGm;&r,f? ppf&mZ0wfr_
usL;vGefaewJh etzwjzpfvnf;
}uHhzGH@ppftpdk;&udk urBmhppfcHkkH;
wifEikd af tmif tjrefq;kH pHpk rf;ppf
u&ifowif;pOf/
ZGefv/
vsm;tpdk;&taeeJ@ e,fjcm;jzwf
ausmf tultnDay;a&;awGrSm
ryg0ifvmao;ayr,fh 'kuQonf
awGukd t&ifu wESpu
f kd a':vm
29oef; ulncD &hJ muae tckq&kd if
a':vmoef; 50txd ulnDvm
+yD;jzpfw,f?
=opa=w;vsm;v$ w f
awmf t rwf r sm;. t}uH O m%f
ay;olawG[m e,fpyfjzwfausmf
tultnDay;0efxrf;rsm;. vHk cH
a&;tmrcHcsufr&SdwmeJ@ xdkif;jrefrmESpfEdkifiH e,fjcm;jzwfausmf
cGi&fh rdS &Sq
d w
kd hJ ta=umif;jycsuaf wG
a=umihf Cross Border Aid udpP
rSm =opa=w;vsm;tpdk;&taeeJ@
csw
D ckH swkH jzpfae&wm jzpfw,f?
[k aqG;aEG;ajymqdck o
hJ nf?
u&ifbavmh*g vli,f
wpfO;D . awmfveS af &;ESifh Edik if aH &;
2011 ckESpf?
pmrsufESm 3
onfrsm;taejzihf =opa=w;vsm;
wGif ynma&;ydkif;Y bmom&yf
aygif; 120rS rdrdpdwf0ifpm;&mudk
pdwfudufa&G;cs,fEdkifa=umif;ESihf
tcuftcJ&Sdygu counselor
(ESpfodrfhtm;ay;a&;)xH wdkifyif
aqG;aEG;Edkiaf =umif; 'kuQonfrsm;
tm; tm;ay;ajymqdck Jhonf?
'k u Q o nf b 0rsm;
onf ar#mfvihfcsufESihf a&G;cs,f
p&m vrf;r&So
d nft
h ay: wwd,
Edik if H a&muf&v
dS maom 'kuo
Q nf
rsm;taejzihf usef&Sdaeonfh b0
wl'u
k o
Q nfrsm;udk jyefvnfi!
hJ Sm
=unf h _ & rnf h wm0ef & S d a =umif ;
vnf; erfZh ,
dk mzef;u ajymonf?
jrefrmjynftwGif; vl
rsK;d a&; cGjJ cm;zdEydS f qufqcH cH &hJ r_/ ppf
tm%m&Sif. vlom;csif;rpmem
aom vl@tcGihfta&;csKd;azmufr_
a=umihf 'kuo
Q nfrsm;jzpfay:vm&
+yD; ppfajy;'kuQonfrsm;b0jzihf
wwd,EdkifiHodk@ a&muf&Sdtajccs
vm&yHkwdk@udk =opa=w;vsm;jynf
olrsm;ESihf vlr_tzGJ@tpnf;ydkrdkod
&Sed mvnf pmemvm=uap&ef t
jyif vuf&dS &Sad eqJ'u
k o
Q nfrsm;udk
f si;f ycJh
ulnyD yhH ;kd oGm;a&; &nf&,
G u
onfh urBmh'kuQonfrsm;ae@ t
crf;tem;wGif vlOD;a& 60ausmf
wufa&mufcJhonf?
AKO onf
jynf
axmifpkta&;/ u&iftrsKd;om;
a&;qdik &f m udp&P yfrsm; ud,
k w
f ,
G f
ajz&Sif;&efESihf EdkifiHa&;Edk;=um;ol
rsm; ay:xGe;f vmap&ef &nf&,
G I
f
TAFE aumvdyfrS vlxktpnf;ta0;udk tcgtm;
Institute Multicultural avsmf p G m zd w f a c:usif ; yavh & S d
Education Coordinator Mrs.
onf?
Dimitra Gallos uvnf; 'kuQ
[efcsufrnDr_tay: aqG;aEG;ar;
jref;csuu
f kd rE aW v;wdik ;f ta&S
ajrmufrd e,f NLD v$waf wmft
rwf OD;armifarmifat;u c|wf
,Gif;csufawG/ tm;enf;csufawG
udk oifcef;pm,l+yD; jynfwiG ;f jynf
yrSm&SdwJh EdkifiHa&;/ awmfvSefa&;
tiftm;pkawG[m tajrmt
f jrif&dS
&Sd pnf;vHk;nDnmpGmeJ@ yl;wGJvkyf
aqmif&r,f? wyfaygi;f pke@J om 'D
ppftm%m&Sifudk zdcsEdkifrSmjzpf
w,f?[k ajz=um;cJhonf?
qufvufI AKO u
nae 3em&DwGif ESpf60ajrmuf
urBmh'kuQonfrsm;ae@ tcrf;t
em;udk u&ifvli,farmifr,frsm;
u tkyfpkvdkuf oDcsif;oDqdkum
pwif zGiv
fh pS cf +hJ yD; =opa=w;vsm;
tpd;k &. vlom;csi;f pmemr_ tul
tnDjzihf a&muf&v
dS mol aemfx;l
&mazmES i h f aemf r memazmwd k @ rS
vnf; if;wdk@. 'kuQonfb0t
ajctaersm;udk kyyf kH Slide Show
jzihf y&d\wfrsm;tm; &Sif;vif;
ajym=um;cJhonf?
xdk@tjyif tcrf;tem;
Y zef;azgiaf ';&Si;f 'gu
kd w
f m erfh
bGm;bGm;zef;u usrwdk@vlrsKd;
awG[m etz ppftm%m&SifawG
&J@&ufpufwJh owfjzwfr_awGudk
ae@pOfeJ@tr#qdkovdkcHpm;
a=umuf&G@H+yD; xGufajy;ae=u&wJh
'kuQonfawGjzpfw,f? 'gawGudk
rarh=ubJ 'kuQonfawGtwGuf
jyefvnfpmemulnDay;zdk@ vdktyf
ygw,f?[k ajymcJhonf?
tZif;&Gmom;100ausmfudk
"g;pmcHtjzpf
tpdk;&wyf zrf;qD;xm;
yavmifa'orS wkwo
f @kd vlue
k u
f ;l r_
wdk;yGm;vm[k PWO ajym
ZGev
f 14&uf?
apmcg;pl;nm; (autdkifpD)
&Srf;jynfajrmufydkif;/ y
avmifaexdkif&ma'Y jrefrmppf
wyf. zdESdyfr_ESihf pD;yGm;a&;=uyf
wnf;r_a=umihf wkwEf ikd if o
H @kd vl
ukeful;r_jy\emrsm; pdk;&drfxdwf
vef@&onfh tajctaetxd wd;k
yGm;vmonf[k ,ae@xkwfjyef
onfh yavmif(wtmif;)trsK;d o
rD;tpnf;tkH; PWO. odrf;
ydkufcHb0rsm;trnf&Sd tpD&ifcH
pmu qdo
k nf?
owif;pm&Si;f vif;yGJ y
vkyu
f m xkwjf yefco
hJ nfh tpD&if
cHpmxJwiG f vluek u
f ;l cH&olrsm;rSm
&Sr;f jynfe,fajrmufyikd ;f erfch rf;/ erfh
qefESihf refwHkrde,f&Sd vufzuf
awmifol yavmiftrsKd;orD;i,f
rsm;jzpf+yD; yavmifjynfe,f vGwf
ajrmufa&;wyfrawmf (PSLA)
vufeufcscJhonfh 2005aemuf
ydik ;f rSpI yavmifa'oudk jrefrm
ppfwyf ydrk x
kd ed ;f csKyfvmcJ&h mrS pdu
k f
ysK;d a&;ESifh ukeo
f ,
G af &; tcGew
f ;kd
jri afh umufcv
H mjcif;tay: tjrwf
aiGenf;aom vufzufvkyfief;
jzihf qufvuf r&yfwnfEikd af wmh
bJ yavmiftrsK;d om;/ uav;i,f
ESifh trsK;d orD;rsm; wkwEf ikd if o
H @kd
ajymif;a&$@vyk u
f ikd v
f mjcif;onf vl
ukeu
f ;l r_jzpfvm&onfh ta=umif;
&if;jzpfonf[k azmfjyxm;onf?
xdk@tjyif &Srf;jynfe,f
twGif;Y pdkufysKd;a&;ESihf ul;oef;
a&mif;0,fa&;wGif tcGefE_ef;wdk;
jrihfvmjcif;/ ukefaps;E_ef;jrihfrm;
vmjcif;/ usef;rma&;/ ynma&;p
&dwfjrihfrm;vmjcif;/ a'owGif;
bdef;pdkufysKd;r_rsm;jym;vmjcif;wdk@
onf vluek u
f ;l r_ jzpfay:apaom
tjcm;ta=umif;&if;wpfck jzpf
a=umif; PWOu axmufjyajym
ZGefv 23&uf?
apmodef;jrihf (autdkifpD)
u&if j ynf e ,f / =um
tif;qdyf}uD;r@e,f/ tZif;aus;
&G m &S d tpd k ; &ppf w yf o nf u&if
wyfzGJ@rsm; zrf;qD;xm;onfh ppf
AdkvfwpfOD;tm; jyefv$wfay;&ef
twGuf "g;pmcHtjzpf ,cktcsdef
wGif tZif;&Gmom; 100ausmfudk
zrf;qD;csKyfaESmifxm;a=umif; a'
ocHrsm;u ajymonf?
+yD ; cJ h o nf h & uf y d k i f ; u
tZif;aus;&Gmtajcpdkuf tpdk;&
ppf w yf p cef ; wck t m; u&if y l ;
aygif ; wyf z G J @ rsm;u 0if a &muf p D ;
eif;cJ&h mwGif wyfpcef;xJrS ppfAv
kd f
wpfOD;udk t&Sifzrf;qD;&rdcJhonfh
twGuf if;ppfAdkvfudk jyefv$wf
ay;&ef ,ckuo
hJ @kd &Gmom;rsm;tm;
"g;pmcHtjzpf zrf;qD;xm;jcif;jzpf
onf[k a'ocHwOD;u ajymonf?
ol u ppf A d k v f j yef
Photo-KIC
PWOrS owif;pm &Sif;vif;yGJusif;y aepOf
qdkonf?
PWO wG J z uf t axG
axGtwGif;a&;rSL;(1)vdknf;ydk;zdef;
u usrwd@k yavmifa'orSm vl
ukeful;cH&wJh jzpfpOfawGu t
rsm;}uD;&So
d vdk a&mif;pm;cH&wJh y
avmifjynfolvlxkawG uHawG@&
wJh 'kuQawG[mvnf; xdwfvef@
p&myJ ? 'D u d p P a wG u d k usrwd k @
PWO taeeJ@ a'ocHjynfolvl
xkaum/ Edik if w
H umuvnf; od&dS
em;vnfzdk@ &nf&G,f+yD; 'DtpD&if
cHpm;udk xkwf&wmjzpfygw,f?
[k ajymqdo
k nf?
qufvufI a&mif;
pm;cH&wJo
h al wG[m tm;vH;k eD;yg;
wkwjf ynfrmS }uD;yJ? touf 3ESpf
uae 33ESp=f um;ayhgaemf? aemuf
ukeu
f ;l cH&olawGxrJ mS trsK;d o rD;
25&mcdik Ef e_ ;f qd&k if wkwb
f ;kd awmf
(trsKd;om;)eJ@ vufxyf&w,f?
wcsKd qd&k if tdraf zmftvky/f jynfh
wefqmawGvyk &f w,f? 60 &mcdik f
E_ef;uawmh bmtvkyfvkyfrSef;
rod&bl;? 'D2010ckEpS u
f ae 2011
vl u k e f u l ; r_ wd k u f z suf a &;pD r H
ude;f wGif aocsmpGm }uD;=uyf&ef
vdt
k yfa=umif; PWOu axmuf
jyxm;onf?
wk w f t pd k ; &tae
jzihf jrefrmEdik if t
H ay: csrw
S x
f m;
onfh rl0g'rsm;a=umihf jrefrmEdik if H
jynfolrsm; qif;&JrGJawr_jy\
emqdik &f m rl0g'rsm; jyefvnfo;kH
oyfay;&efEiS fh vluek u
f ;l cH&jcif;
rS vGwfajrmufvmolrsm;udk vl
xkrS ulnDyHhydk;ay;=u&efvnf;
PWOu wdu
k w
f eG ;f xm;onf?
trsK;d orD;rsm;. b0t
qihftwef; wdk;wufjrihfrm;a&;/
ynmay;&efESihf pGrf;&nfjrihfwif
aqmif&Gufay;&eftwGuf 2000
ckESpf/ atmufwdkbmvu &nf
&G,fzGJ@pnf;cJhonfh yavmiftrsKd;
orD;tpnf;tkH;onf 2010ck
ES p f Y tqd y f o if h a wmif w ef ;
rsm;trnf&Sd tpD&ifcHpmwpf
apmifudkvnf; xkwfa0cJh+yD; jzpf
onf?
onf[kvnf; ausmif;om;rdb
wpfO;D u ,ckvkd ajymonf?
olru om;u 'DESpf
rSm oH;k wef;av? ausmif;rSm zwf
pmtkyu
f tvum;ay;w,f? pm
tkyfausmrSm tcrJh jzef@a0onf
vd@k a&;xm;wmud;k ? 'gayrJh ocsmF
eJ@ t*Fvyd pf mtwGuf (Student
Guide) 0,f&w,f? aemuf Avm
pmtkyf w'gZifu 2400? aemuf
wcku ausmif;wHqdyfeJ@ twef;
wHqdyfudk wpfa,muf 3-4pHkpD
0,f&w,f? tJ'g pkpak ygi;f 5000
usyef ;D yg; usw,fav? jyeftrf;p
&m tauGr&Sdawmh ig;axmift
jynfyh aJ yhg? aiGwpfjym;rS rukew
f m
awmh r[kwb
f ;l ?[k ajymonf?
rl v wef ; tjyif t csKd @
txufwef;ausmif;rsm;rSmvnf;
u qufajymonf?
tqd k y gud p P E S i h f y wf
oufI u&ifvl@tcGifhta&;tzGJ@
(autdwcf st
f m&f*s)D rS owif;jyef
=um;a&;wm0ef c H aemf a *aeqJ
D pd u
P kd usrwd@k =um;od&
utJ'u
ygw,f? 'gayr,fh txJrSm&SdwJh
usrwdk@vlawG owif;tcsuft
vuf ryd@k ay;ao;wJt
h ay:rSm t
ao;pdwf rajymEdik af o;bl;?[k qdk
onf?
+yD;cJo
h nfh ZGev
f 7&uf
ae@uvnf; tZif;aus;&GmteD;&Sd
r,fwvJaus;&GmteD;wGif tajc
pdkufonfh cr&(253)wyf&if;tm;
'DaubDatwyfzGJ@rsm;u
oGm;a&mufypfcwfc&hJ m ppf wyfu
aus;&GmtwGif;odk@ 81-rr vuf
euf } uD ; jzih f tcsuf 30ausmf
jyefvnfypfcwfaoma=umifh t
v$wfay;zdk@twGuf &Gmom;awGudk
"g;pmcHtjzpf zrf;qD;xm;wmyg?
tcktcsed x
f d zrf;xm;wke;f yJ? tJ'D
ppfAv
kd u
f kd jyefrv$wrf csi;f "g;pmcH
tjzpf zrf;qD;csKyfaESmifxm;wJh &Gm
om;awGudk v$wfay;rSmr[kwfbl;
vd@k ppfwyfu ajymw,f?[k ajym
onf?
tqd k y g tpd k ; &ppf w yf
. wyf&if;eHygwfudk rod&Sd&ao;
aomfvnf; zrf;qD;xm;onfh t
Zif;&Gmom; 100ausmu
f kd oD;oef@
ae&mwGif csKyfaESmifxm;+yD; if;wd@k
txJrS &Gmom;tcsKd@rSm ppfwyf.
!Sif;yrf;ESdyfpufcHae&onf[k if;
ouf 7ESpt
f &G,f uav;i,fwpf
OD; aoqH;k +yD; 17ESpt
f &G,f vli,f
wpfOD;ESihf 25ESpft&G,ftrsKd;orD;
wpfOD; xdcdkuf'%f&m&&SdcJhonf?
=umtif;qdyf}uD;r@
e,f/ usKu
d 'f
kH r@e,fc&JG dS tZif;/ bk
&m;ikww
f /dk wat;a&S;/ rdeef;tyfp
onfhaus;&Gmrsm;wGif {+yD;v 22
&ufae@rS 30&ufae@txd tpdk;&
wyfESihf u&ifwyfzGJ@rsm;t=um;
wdkufyGJrsm; qufwdkufjzpfyGm;r_
a=umihf &mESihfcsDonfh tZif;&Gm
om;rsm; xdik ;f Edik if /H tke;f zefr@e,f
k cH_ &hJ onf?
twGi;f od@k xGuaf jy;cdv
rwufEdkifawmhbl;? olwdk@rdbawG
u rdom;pkpm;0wfaea&; tqifr
ajyvdk@ qufrxm;Edkifwmyg?[k
qdkonf?
v_dif;bGJrde,ftwGif;&Sd
aus;&Gmrsm;rS uav;i,f touf
5ESpfrS 14ESpftxdrSm pwkwKwef;
txdom ausmif;aecJh=u+yD; t
a=umif;trsKd;rsKd;a=umifh tv,f
wef;odk@ qufvufI ynmqnf;
yl;&ef enf;yg;v#uf&Sdonf?
tpd k ; &u tcrJ h y nm
a&;pepf rnfo@kd yif jyXmef;xm;ap
umrl rdom;pkwpkcsi;f . ta&;udpP
udk rajz&Sif;Edkifoa&G@ uav;i,f
rsm;twGuf tusKd;r&SdEdkifa=umif;
ausmif;aumfrwDvnf;jzpf/ &yfrd
&yfzvnf;jzpfwJh apmuay:0g;u
,ckvkd ajymonf?
tpdk;& tcrJh ynm
a&;pepfudk b,fvdkyJvkyfvkyf rd
om;pk0rf;pmudk rajz&Si;f Edik o
f a&G@
uav;awGtwGuf b,fvrkd S t
usK;d r&SEd ikd yf gb;l ? xrif;rpm;&bJe@J
ynmoif,lzdk@qdkwmvnf; rjzpf
EdkifwmtrSefyJ?[k apmuay:0g;
u qdo
k nf?
ZG e f v 1&uf a e@rS p I
jrefrmEdik if t
H wGi;f &Spd moifausmif;
rsm; zGihfvSpfae+yD;jzpfaomfvnf;
,ae@tcsd e f x d vma&muf I
ausmif;tyfEq
HS aJ usmif;olausmif;
om;rsm;rSm tcrJh ynmoif=um;
d J ay;aqmifae&onf?
cGirfh &Sb
u&ifEi
S fh &cdi
k af wmfve
S af &;orm; 34OD;udk KNU *k%f ycJh ypfcwfr_a=umihf rJhuom
ZGev
f 11&uf?
apmcg;pl;nm; (autdkifpD)
tdE,
dN Edik if H axmifrsm;
twGi;f 13ESp=f um xde;f odr;f cH&+yD;
,ckESpf arvwGif jyefvnfvGwf
ajrmufvmaom u&ifESihf &cdkif
awmfveS af &;orm; 34tm; u&if
trsK;d om;tpnf;tk;H (KNU)u
ZGefv 9&ufae@Y e,l;a'vDrd
wGif oGm;a&muf*%
k f ycJo
h nf?
tdENd,EdkifiHa&muf jref
rmh'Drdkua&pDtiftm;pkrsm; OD;pD;
usif;ycJhonfh tqdkyg*k%fyyGJudk
e,l;a'vDrdodk@ udk,fwdkifoGm;
a&mufco
hJ nfh KNU A[dak umfr
wDtzGJ@0ifwpfOD;jzpfol y'dkapm
tm;wdk;u ESpf&Snfaxmif'%fcscH
&+yD; tepfemcHb0rS ,ckvdk jyef
vnfvGwfajrmufvmonfhtay:
KNU taejzihf tm;ay;*k%f y&
jcif;jzpfa=umif; autdik pf u
D kd ajym
onf?
t"du &nf&G,fcsuf
u olwdk@&J@ tyifyef;cH/ tepfem
cHr_awGudk todtrSwfyw,fqdk
wmyg? 'Dvdktm;ay;awmh olwdk@
vnf; t&rf;tm;&auseyfwmudk
awG@&w,f? wcsKdtJ'D u&if&J
abmfawGuqd&k if usaemfw@kd jyef
vdk@r&ao;wmudk odayrJh jzpfEdkif
&if tzl ; (y'd k a pmtm;wd k ; )&J @
aowWmtdwx
f u
J kd 0ifyek ;f +yD; jyef
vdkufcsifw,fvdk@ ajymw,f?[k
ajymonf?
quf v uf I ol u
olwdk@[m UNHCR &J@ apmihf
a&Smufr_eJ@ tdENd,EdkifiHrSm 1ESpf
avmuf ae&tHk;r,f? tJ'g+yD;&if
olw@kd ukd usaemfw@kd jyefac:vd@k &+yD;
vd@k ar#mv
f ihw
f ,f? olw@kd uawmh
trsKd;om;a&;eJ@ ywfoufvdk@ Edk;
=um;r_&Sdaewkef;yJ? rdciftzGJ@t
pnf;qDujkd yefvm+yD; awmfveS af &;
&Gmom;tm;vHk;eD;yg;
xGufajy;wdrf;a&Smifae
Photo-KIC
tusOf;axmifrS jyefvnfvGwfajrmufvmonfh u&ifESihf &cdkif&Jabmfrsm;
qufvufvkyftHk;r,fvdk@ olwdk@ Feixas Vihe ESit
fh zG@J / tdE,
Nd a&S@ tdkif)u vufeufESihf cJ,rf;rD;
u ajymw,f?[k &Si;f jyonf?
ae/ jynfaxmifpjk refrmEdik if H trsK;d ausmuf r sm; yd k i f q d k i f x m;&S d r _ /
jyefvnfvGwfajrmuf om;!$e@f aygi;f tpd;k & (NCGUB) azmufcGJa&;ypPnf;rsm; vuf0,f
vmol 34OD;xJwiG f 10OD;onf KN ESihf trsKd;orD;rsm;tzGJ@csKyf-jref xm;&Sdr/_ EdkifiHjcm;om; tufOya'
U vuf a tmuf c H u&if t rsKd ; rmEdkifi(H WLB) tygt0if ucsi/f t& tdENd,EdkifiHtwGif; w&m;r
om;vGwfajrmufa&; wyfrawmf csi;f ESifh &cdik w
f ikd ;f &if;om;y&d\wf 0if 0ifa&mufr_wdk@jzihf w&m;pGJqdk
KNLA wyfzGJ@0ifrsm;jzpf=u+yD; pkpkaygif; 200cef@ wufa&mufcJh zrf;qD;cJu
h m tzG@J acgi;f aqmif Adv
k f
usef 24OD;rSm &cdkiftrsKd;om;nD onf[k od&onf?
apmxGe;f / y'dak pmrl;vG,/f Adv
k af pm
!$wfa&;ygwD NUPA wyfzGJ@0if
td E N d , Oya't& w jrihf/ Adkvf&mZm/ Adkvf&efEidk fESihf Adkvf
rsm; jzpf=uonf?
&m;pD&ifjcif;cH&onfh tusO;f om; vif;ZHcdkifwdk@udk ypfowfcJhonf?
usef 34OD;tm; tef'
if;wd@k teuf use&f adS e rsm;rSm jrefrmppftpdk;&udk awmf
D b
kd mu|e;f pk&dS yd@k b
onfh u&if&aJ bmf 1OD;ESifh &cdik &f J vSefaeonfh u&ifESihf &cdkifawmf refEiS fh *&dwef u
abmf 2OD;rSm tr_udk qufvuf vSefa&;orm;rsm;jzpf=u+yD; vGefcJh vJ , m;tusOf ; axmif w G i f ppf
d J 8ESp=f um xde;f odr;f cJh
&ifqdkifae&qJjzpfa=umif; xdktr_ onfh 1998ckESpfu tdENd,EdkifiH/ aq;r_r&Sb
udk vdu
k v
f aH qmif&u
G af y;aeonfh tef'refESihf *&dwfeDudkbmu|ef;pk +yD; vl@tcGihfta&; v_yf&Sm;r_tzGJ@
tdEdN,EdkifiHom;rsm; zGJ@pnf;wnf &Sd vef;azmvfu|e;f ay:wGif a&wyf rsm;. ud;yrf;r_a=umihf 2006ckEpS f
Nd tpd;k wGif uvuwWm;tusOf;axmif
axmif x m;aom aoG ; pnf ; nD pcef;wnfaqmuf&ef tdE,
!$wfa&;aumfrwD (Solidarity &ppfwyfESihf oabmwlnDr_ &&SdcJh od@k ajymif;a&$cH&um w&m;pD;&if
Committee For Burma's onf?
cJ+h yD; 2010ckEpS /f Zlvikd f 12&ufae@
k nf?
Freedom Fighters) u qdo
xdkoabmwlnDcsuf u wpfO;D v#if axmif'%f1ESp/f 3
tqdyk g KNU *k%f yyGJ jzihf if;wd@k onf tdE,
dN a&ydik ef uf v/ '%faiG tdENd,lyD 6000jzihf
wGif tdE,
dN Edik if &H dS ukvor*~ 'kuQ vef;azmvfu|e;f (Landfall Isla pD&ifcsucf sum tr_ukd tqH;k owf
onfrsm;qdkif&m r[mrif;}uD;kH; nd)ta&muf 1998ckEpS /f azazmf cJhonf?
UNHCR t}uD;tuJ rpf&Sift 0g&v
D (11)&ufae@wiG f tdE,
Nd Edik f
}uD ; tuJ rpP p f ( Monserrat iH&dS A[kad xmufvrS ;f a&;AsLd(k pDbD
u&ifwyfz@JG . csHKcdw
k u
kd c
f u
kd r
f a
_ =umihf
tpdk;&ppfwyfrS 8OD; usqHk;um 7OD;xdcdkuf
ZGev
f 11&uf?
apmodef;jrihf (autdkifpD)
u&ifjynfe,f aumhu
&dwf rdawmifbuf (19)rdik cf ef@ t
uGmta0;&Sd vef;zm;aus;&GmwGif
,refae@u tpdk;&ppfwyfESihf u
&ifyl;aygif;wyfzGJ@0ifrsm;t=um;
wdu
k yf JG jzpfymG ;cJ&h m tpd;k &ppfwyf
bufu 8OD;aoqH;k +yD; 7OD;'%f&m
&&Sdonf[k u&ifwyfzGJ@bufu
ajymonf?
,refae@reuf 10em&D
cef@wGif vef;zm;aus;&GmtwGif;
0ifa&mufv_yf&Sm;onfh tpdk;&ppf
wyf wyfr 22vufatmufcH cr&
fh ;kd wufaomAk'< DKBA uvdx
k ;l abmAsL[m wyf
(201)wyf&if;tm; u&iftrsKd; Awyf&if;(17)ESiw
om; vGwaf jrmufa&;wyfz@JG KNL bmomu&iftrsK;d om;wyfrawmf zGJ@wdk@ apmihfudwdkufcdkufcJhjcif;jzpf
u&ifowif;pOf/
ZGefv/
pmrsufESm 5
ZGev
f 13&uf?
apmodef;jrihf (autdkifpD)
u&if j ynf e ,f / =um
tif;qdyf}uD;rde,f bk&m;oHk;ql
a'o&Sd rJu
h omaus;&GmwGif +yD;cJh
onfh paeae@u tpd;k &ppfwyfEiS fh
u&ifwyfzGJ@rsm;t=um; ypfcwfr_
rsm;a=umihf if;&Gmom;tm;vHk;eD;
yg; eD;pyf&maus;&Gmrsm;odk@ xGuf
ajy;wdrf;a&Smifae&onf?
+yD ; cJ h o nf h ZG e f v 10
&ufae@reufu u&ifwyfz@JG 0ift
csKdonf rJhuom&GmOD;bkef;}uD;
ausmif;teD;&Sd tpkd;&ppfwyfppf
uG y f u J a &;XmecsKyf puc(19)
vufatmufcH cr&(563)wyf&if;
tm; 0ifa&mufypfcwfc&hJ m tpd;k &
ppfwyfbufuvnf; vufeuf
}uD;rsm;jzihf wefjyefypfcwfcJhaom
a=umihf &Gmol&Gmom;rsm;onf xdk
ae@rS p I ,ae@tcsd e f x d wd r f ;
a&SmifaeqJjzpfonf[k a'ocH&Gm
om;wpfO;D u ajymonf?
if;u ypfcwfr_awG
jzpfyGm;awmh &Gmol&Gmom;awG
udk,fhtxkyfudk,fykduf+yD; awmxJ
udk xGufajy;=uukef+yD;? bkef;}uD;
awGtygt0ifyJ? wcsKdu bk&m;
oHk;ql/ armzmaxm/ rdkif;pwJhae
&mawGrSm xGufajy;wdrf;a&SmifwJh
vl&Sdovdk wcsKdu xdkif;e,fpyf
bufudk xGufajy;wmvnf; &Sd
w,f? tck &GmrSm &Gmol}uD;eJ@ oif;
tk y f q &mawG y J usef w ,f ? [k
ajymonf?
,ckxu
G af jy;wdr;f
a&Smifaeonfh rJhuom &Gmol&Gm
om;rsm;rSm cef@reS ;f ajctm;jzihf vl
OD;a& 200ausmf&Sd+yD; vuf&Sdt
wyfzGJ@udk &Sif;vif;wdkufxkwfoGm;
&eftwGuf tpdk;&ppfwyfbufu
ppfa&;jyifqifrr_ sm; vkyaf qmifae
csed w
f iG f ,ckvkd ypfcwfc&H jcif;jzpf
onf?
jrefrmppfwyf. ppfqif
a&;uG y f u J r _ ysuf j ym;ap&ef p pf
qifa&;rsm;udk a&SqufI t&Sed f
jrih f v k y f a qmif o G m ;rnf j zpf
a=umif; ,ckv 6&ufae@wiG f u
&ifEiS fh ausmif;om;wyfrawmfw@kd
urme,fpdk;ppfqifa&; (atmif
jrifpdk;rdk;r_)[k trnf&aom yl;
aygi;f ppfqifa&; a=unmcsuw
f pf
apmif xkwfjyefxm;onfhtwGuf
u&ifjynfe,ftwGif; wdkufyGJrsm;
a&SqufjzpfvmtHk;rnfh tajct
ae&Sda=umif; ppfa&;tuJcwfrsm;
u oHk;oyfonf?
ZGefv/
M.xufacgif
pmrsufESm 6
yif aESmuf,u
S f 'kuaQ y;p&m rvkd
acs?
ucsif a 'orS m om r
[kw/f u&if/ u&ife/D &Sr;f / ytk0d ;f
paomwkdif;&if;om;wkd@. a'o
rsm;rSmyg ppftyk pf k vufuidk w
f w
k f
wyf r sm;. vl @ tcG i f h t a&;csKd ;
azmufr_rsm;ukd tESH@tjym; =um;
od=u&rnf jzpfonf? ppftyk pf .
k
wyfu b,f&Gmol b,f&Gmom;
awGudk b,fae&mrSm b,fvdk ul
nDaqmif&Gufay;vkdufonf qkd
aom owif;rsK;d / 'kuQ uHae&aom
b,fe,fu b,ftrsKd;orD;ukd
b,fvt
dk =uyftwnf;uae wyf
rawmf o m;rsm;u u,f x k w f
vku
d o
f nfqadk om owif;rsK;d awG
ukd rnfonfhtcgur# r=um;=u
&? if;wk@d b,fae&mwGif b,fol
awGukd b,fvkdowfjzwfonf/
b,f&Gmu b,frdef;uav;awG
ukd b,fvkdyusifhapmfum;onf/
b,f v l x k u k d b,f v k d E S d y f p uf
onf/ t=uyfukdifI t"rR vkyf
tm;ay;ac:,lonf/ ay:wmzrf;
onf/ rxrf;Ekdifolukd owfypf
onf ponfo
h wif;rsK;d awGuo
dk m
=um;=u&rnf jzpfonf?
if;wkd@wyfrsm; typf
tcwfc&H I aus;&Gmvlxu
k dk "m;
pmcHtjzpf zrf;qD;xm;onfh o
wif ; rsm;/ awmf v S e f a &;tzG J @ t
pnf;rsm;ukd tykyfcs emrnfzsuf
vkdIvnf;aumif;/ vlxkukd t
xd w f w vef @ jzpf a p&ef t wG u f
vnf;aumif;/ if;wk@d tay: vlxk
u tm;uk d ; vmapvk d I vnf ;
aumif; rd@aevlxrk sm;twGi;f Ak;H
axmifazmufcaJG oma=umifh tjypf
rJh jynfot
l csK@d aoqk;H &onfh o
wif;rsm;/ if;wk@d t&m&Srd sm;ESihf }uHh
zGH@tzGJ@rsm; uif;a0;&m vlrae
aomtdrfrsm;wGif azmufcGJonfh
owif ; rsm;uk d v nf ; =um;=u&
onf?
AkH;udpPrSm if;wkd@vuf
csuo
f mjzpfreS ;f vlxu
k od.? vl
xkudk if;wk@d owfjzwfcahJ ygi;f r
enf;awmh+yD? ra0;awmhaomt
csdefwGif tEkjrLvufeuf/ "mwk
vufeufrsm;jzifyh g owfjzwfz@dk &Sd
avonf?
if;wk@d . tytrl vkyf
&yfrsm;rSm t_H;orm;wkd@. t
usiphf ku
d u
f dk azmfjyaeonfh vkyf
&yfrsm;yif jzpf.? t_;H ESihf r=umc
%uH & aomol o nf npf . ?
aumufuspf^m%fawG okH;wwf
.? rqkdifolrsm;ukdyg &ef&Smwwf
.? oabmxm; ao;Ekwf.? _H;
ygrsm;olawGrSm pdwf"mwfutp
atmufwef;usorl sm; jzpfvm+yD;
npfzkd@&efom t+rJwap }uHpnf
vkyu
f idk af ewwfavonf? if;wk@d
t_;H }uD;_;H &rnft
h csed o
f nf ra0;
awmh+yDjzpf.?
(2)
ppfenf;ukd ppfenf;eJ@
jyefwu
dk v
f @dk atmifjrif&ifawmifrS
ppfenf;&J@ atmifjrifjcif;yJv@dk jrif
rdygw,f vGefcJhaom ESpfvokH;
vcef@u Ak'[
< ;l ae@ wku
d f u
dk af v
v_ d i f ; tpD t pOf r prD a':atmif
qef;pk=unfxH pmjzifhar;jref;r_
rsm;uk d a':atmif q ef ; pk = unf
uk,
d w
f idk f jyefvnfajz=um;c%f;Y
ppftkyfpk. taESmuft,Suf t
uef@towfrsm;=um;rS 'kw,
d yif
vkH jzpfajrmufa&; ud;yrf;aqmif
&Gurf nft
h pm; 'kw,
d bDtidk af t
wyf zG@J pnf;zk@d &ef wku
d w
f eG ;f wifjy
aom vli,fwOD;. tar;ukd jyef
vnf a jz=um;onf h a':atmif
qef;pk=unf. pum;jzpfonf?
xkpd um;ukd b0ifrus?
xkdpum;t&qkdv#if a':atmif
qef;pk=unftaejzifh Ekid if aH &;enf;
vrf;oufoufjzifo
h m atmify&JG
,lvkd[ef &Sdaeonf? vufeufrJh
Ekid if aH &;orm;rsm;/ vl@tcGit
hf a&;
awmif;qkdaqmif&Gufolrsm;/ t
=urf;rzuf qENjyv_yf&Sm;olrsm;
tm; rd@vnfacgifrSmyif }uHhzGH@ESifh
pG r f ; tm;&S i f w k d @ u k y f y suf q if ;
ysuf zrf;qD; um;ay:wifum ESpf
&Snfaxmif'%frsm;csvsuf ukd,f
pdwfESvkH; qif;&Jyifyrf;ap&ef ESdyf
pufcHcJh&/ ESdyfpufcHae&onfht
jzpfrsm;ukd rarhzkd@ vkdonf?
,ck ppftyk pf o
k nf Ekid if H
a&;orm;rsm;uk d ,k H = unf a v;
pm;=uolawG r[kwf? wkdif;jynf
aumif;usK;d wu,fwrf; aqmif
&Gufrnfh EkdifiHa&;orm;awG t
wGuf ae&mr&S?d if;wk@d udk Ekid if aH &;
oH w ref a &; enf ; vrf ; rsm;t&
urBmhEkdifiH}uD;rsm;u zdtm;ay;
ydwfqkd@r_rsm;vkyfaoma=umifh uH
awG@ae&onfh t=uyftwnf;rS
umuG,fajymqkday;rnfh EkdifiHa&;
orm;rsm;ESifh if;wkd@ qufvuf
aumif;pm;a&; axmufual y;rnfh
EkdifiHa&;orm;awGukdom vuf
oyfarG; ae&may;vkd=urnf jzpf
onf?
Ekid if aH &;jy\emukd Ekid f
iHa&;enf;t& awG@qaHk qG;aEG; ajz
&Sif;&ef ud;yrf;urf;vSrf;r_rsm;ukd
vufrcHbJ vufeuftm;uk;d ppf
a&;enf;jzifh xm0& tm%mwnf
+rJvo
dk /l tm%mukd t"rR csKyfuidk f
xm;olrsm;tm; if;wkd@ av;pm;
ta&;xm;aom ppfenf;jzifhyif
jyefvnf,OS f ydif tEkid ,
f El idk rf o
S m
EkdifiHa&;jy\em ajyvnfEkdifvdrfh
rnfjzpfonf? ppfa&;onf EkdifiH
a&;.tqufjzpfonf[laom p
um;uk d rarh o if h ? ppf a &;ryg&S d
aom Ekid if aH &;rSm pGe@f vw
$ pf eG @f pm;
r_ r&S/d oufpeG @f qzH sm; ud;yrf;tm;
xkwf&r_vnf;r&Sd/ atmifyGJ. t
ESpfom&vnf; r&SdEkdifacs? awmf
vSefajymif;vJvkdolwkd@taejzifh
EkdifiHa&;enf;ukdaum ppfa&;enf;
ukdyg qkyfukdifusifhokH;&rnfom
vSefwkdufckduf=u&rnf jzpf.? r
awmf v S e f & J o l a wG . ork d i f ; u
awmh vSyEkid v
f rd rhf nfr[kw?f ud;
0kdif;xJ a&mufaeolrsm;tzkd@ xkd;
rDZkdif;'kH;usnfESifh "mwkvufeuf
rsm;ukd ajrmufu&dk ;D ,m; tult
nD j zif h xk w f v k y f a e+yD ; tEk j rL
vufeuftxd wufvSrf; xkwf
u&ifowif;pOf/
pmrsufESm 7
qufvufI olu
jrefrmppftpdk;&[m r[m0g'udk
pGJudkifxm;wmjzpfwJhtwGuf tm
%mwnf+rJz@kd 'Dvv
kd yk }f uH 0g'jzef@
wmawGu vkyfkd;vkyfpOf jzpfae
+yD;? tck ucsirf mS jzpfwu
hJ pd [
P m
vnf; vlawGukd tmkaH jymif;zd@k t
wGuv
f yk w
f mvnf; jzpfEikd w
f ,f?
[k oHk;oyfajymqdkonf?
tpk d ; &owif ; pmu
oef@pifcef;twGif; AHk;vma&muf
xm;&So
d l atmifuv
kd wf(c)atmif
}uD;onf KNU wyfr[m(2)rS
azmufcaJG &; wm0efcw
H pfO;D ESifh oH;k
}udrfcef@ awG@qHkcJh+yD;aemuf tc
a=u;aiG wpfodef;t&if,lxm;
um aejynfawmfwiG f AH;k azmufcJG
&ef pDpOfcahJ =umif; azmfjyxm;aomf
vnf; KNU wyfr[m(2)rS AHk;
azmufcGJa&;wm0efcH. trnfESihf
rnfonfhwyf&if;rS jzpfonfukdrl
twdtus azmfjyxm;jcif; r&Sad y?
tpd k ; &onf jref r m
jynftwGif; AHk;aygufuGJr_jzpfwkdif;
KNU vufcsuf[k pGyfpGJajymqdk
avh&+dS yD; arv 18&ufae@u wyf
uke;f rd blwmESifh qifaoblwm
t=um; jynfol 2OD;aoqH;k I 9OD;
'%f&m&&Scd o
hJ nfh rD;&xm;ay:rS AH;k
ayguu
f rJG w
_ iG f KNU u cdik ;f apcJh
onfh ausmf'D (c) rm&DEdkqdkoludk
zrf;qD;rdxm;onf[kvnf; tpdk;
&owif;pmwGif azmfjyxm;onf?
xdcu
dk rf t
_ enf;qk;H eJ@ taumif;qk;H
vk@d qadk yrJh zdEydS rf a_ wGudk awmfveS f
wm[m rSeu
f efwehJ nf;vrf; rjzpf
Ekid b
f ;l vm;/ wae@xufwae@ jrifh
wufvmwJh ukeaf ps;E_e;f eJ@ avsmh
usroGm;wJh ppftm%m&Siw
f @dk &@J zd
ESyd rf u
_ dk wyfrawmfom;rsm; tyg
t0if jynfov
l x
l t
k aeeJ@ onf;
rcHEidk af wmhww
hJ ae@ rdrw
d @dk &@J t
ouftkd;tdrfpnf;pdrfawGukd um
uG , f z k d @ twG u f e,f c sJ @ eJ @ zuf
qpfawGukd awmfvSefovkd/ &&m
vufeufpGJukdif+yD; wkdif;jynft
ajymif;tvJtwGuf awmfveS =f u
v#if Tok@d vufeufpu
JG idk f awmf
vSerf u
_ dk t=urf;zufr[
_ k ac:qkEd idk f
ygovm;?[k ar;jref ; onf u k d
a':atmifqef;pk=unf jyefvnf
ajz=um;ykHrSm rSwfom;zG,f&myif
jzpfonf?
t=urf;zufr_uawmh
t=urf;zufry_ gy?J vufeufpu
JG idk f
+yD; v_yf&Sm;w,fqkd&if t=urf;
zufw,fv@dk yJ ajym&rSmayg?h 'gay
rJh w&m;Oya'u vlwkdif;vlwkdif;
[m rdrdtouftkd;tdrf pnf;pdrf
ukd umuG,yf idk cf iG &hf w
dS ,fv@dk tod
trSwf yxm;ygw,f? jynfoal wG
u onf;rcHEkdifawmhbJ rdrd t
ouftkd;tdrfpnf;pdrfawGukd um
uG , f z k d @ txd jzpf v mr,f q k d & if
awmh 'Dvjdk zpfvmatmif zefw;D cJh
olawG[m t"du wm0ef&w
dS ,f
vkd@ ajym&rSmyg?
jynfolvlxktaejzifh
rdrdwkd@ touftkd;tdrfpnf;pdrfukd
xdyg;aESmuf,u
S v
f eG ;f ru aESmuf
,Sucf v
H m&aom tajctaewGif
rdrdwkd@. touftkd;tdrfOpPmpD;
yGm;ukd umuG,yf idk cf iG &hf adS =umif;ESihf
xkdokd@ tkHuGwGef;vSef umuG,fr_
twGuf vlxkwGif wm0efr&SdbJ
vlxu
k dk onf;rcHEidk af wmhonfh t
ajctaea&mufatmif zdESdyfwGef;
yk@d co
hJ al wGrmS om wm0ef&adS =umif;
a':atmifqef;pk=unfu cyf&Sif;
&Si;f ajymvku
d jf cif; jzpfavonf?
vli,frsm;. pum;vufaqmif
pomhawm
21ESpf
0goem
yef;csD
ae&yfZmwd
ajrmif;jr
ynmt&nftcsif; q,fwef;
usaemf touf 4ESpf/
nDrav; 1ESpt
f &G,f rdbawG uGJ
oGm;cJw
h ,f? usaemfw@kd armifErS
u tazbufu tzd;k / tzGm;awG
eJ @ yJ }uD ; jyif ; &if ; ynmoif c J h &
w,f? tdrrf mS qdk ausmif;q&mvkyf
wJh OD;av;rdom;pk/ uGrf;pdkufwJh
ta':rdom;pk/ tzd;k / tzGm;eJ@ us
aemfw@kd armifErS tm;vk;H 11a,uf
pk a e=uw,f ? ud k , h f v k y f t m;eJ @
ud,
k rf @kd avmufirS a_ wmh r&Syd gb;l ?
'ga=umihf usaemfudk,fwdkif ae@
bufausmif;wuf+yD; nbufus
&if tdrrf mS AD'G ,
D jkd y+yD; &yfwnfc&hJ
w,f? wpfnudk aiGav;axmif
us/ r_w
d ufwmawGjzpfawmh t_;H
ay:+yD; jyef&if;ESD;rEdkifawmhbl;? 'D
vdrk o
d m;pktcuftcJawG ke;f uef
&if ; um;aemuf v d k u f w k e f ; u
u&ifjynfe,fa&mufawmh udk,fh
a'oxuf yd k w d k ; wuf a ewm
vnf; jrifc&hJ w,f? ynma&;awG
rajymeJ@? pm;0wfaea&;/ tvkyf
tud k i f trsm;}uD ; uG m jcm;ae
w,f? zwfrdor# pmtkyfawGrSm
tjcm;Edik if aH wG tajctaeeJ@ ud,
k hf
Edik if u
H Ekd id_ ;f ,SOrf w
d ,f? 'Dvu
kd saemf
wdk@ pm;0wfaea&; =uyfwnf;&
wmuvnf; tkycf sKyfwhJ tpd;k &t
ay:rSmyJ rlwnfygw,f? &GmrSm
usaemfw@kd xuf tajctae ydq
k ;kd
wJo
h al wGawmif&w
dS ,f? 'gawG t
pdk;&rSm wm0ef&SdayrJh rajz&Sif;cJh
bl;? 'Dtpdk;&u quf&Sdaer,fqdk
&if wEd k i f i H v H k ; u 'D v d k y J =uyf
wnf;cufcJaetHk;rSmrdk@ 'Dtpdk;&
ywfz@kd u wzufwvrf;u ud,
k f
wdik v
f yk rf S jzpfr,fqw
kd phJ w
d u
f jzpf
vmw,f?
wu,fawmh usaemf0h g
oemu yef;csDqdkayrJh b0jzwf
oef;r_t& awmfveS af &;vkyzf @kd us
aemfpdwfyg vmcJhw,f? aoG;up
jr0wD-aumhu&dwu
f m;vrf;wGif vufeufui
kd f
wyfz@JG wzG@J qufa=u;awmif;
ZGefv 24&uf?
apmodef;jrihf (autdkifpD)
u&if j ynf e ,f / jr0
wD-aumhu&dwf awmifay:um;
vrf;Y ,refae@ ae@vnfyikd ;f wGif
trnfrod vufeufudkifwyfzGJ@
wzGJ@u ,mOfarmif;olrsm;xHrS
qufa=u;aumufcv
H #u&f o
dS nf[k
um;armif;olrsm;u ajymonf?
jr0wD - aumh u &d w f
um;vrf; ,mOfarmif;olwpfO;D u
rae@u um;wef;tqif;ae@qdk
awmh ae@vnf 12em&Dausmaf usmf
rSm olykeftzGJ@u usaemfwdk@um;
orm;awGqDu aiGawmif;w,f?
um;trsKd;tpm;tay:rSm =unfh
+yD;awmh 2aomif;uae 1ode;f t
xd awmif;w,f? reufyikd ;f oGm;wJh
um;awGusawmh vGwfoGm;wm
aygh?[k ajymonf?
ajymufusm;0wfpkH 0wf
qif x m;onf h tif t m; 100
ausmf&Sd if;wyfzGJ@u um;orm;
rsm;udk twif;t"rR aiGaumufcH
jcif;r[kwfaomfvnf; vufeuf
rsm; udik af qmifxm;onft
h wGuf
a=umuf v ef @ um ay;&jcif ; jzpf
a=umif ; tqd k y gum;orm;u
ajymonf?
twif;t=uyfawmif;
oavmuf ay;&awmh v nf ; r
[kwb
f ;l ayhg? aoewfwum;um;
ud k i f x m;awmh a=umuf v d k @ ay;
vdkuf&wmayhg? wpfaomif;&Sd&if
wpf a omif ; / 3aomif ; &S d & if 3
aomif;ay;vdu
k w
f myJ? usaemfw@kd
jynfolawG[m "g;pmcHyJ? olykef
tzG J @ uvnf ; awmif ; w,f ? ppf
wyfzufuvnf; awmif;w,f?
=um&if bmrSvyk pf m;udik pf m;vd@k &
rS m r[k w f a wmh b l ; ?[k ajym
onf?
if;aiGaumufcHolrsm;
udk awmwGif;rS u&ifvufeuf
udik t
f zG@J [k um;orm;rsm;ESifh c&D;
onfrsm;u cef@rSef;=uonf?
xdkudpPESihfywfoufI
xdak 'owGif v_y&f mS ;aeonfh au
tJe,
f l wyfr[m(6)rS ppfa=umif;
rSL; Adkvf}uD;apmvSrif;tm; au
tdik pf u
D qufo,
G af r;jref;&m if;
u usaemfw@kd val wG r[kwb
f ;l
qd k w muawmh aocsmygw,f ?
wjcm;tzG@J awGta=umif;udak wmh
usaemfhrSm ajymydkifcGihfr&Sdbl;?[k
jyefvnfajymqdkonf?
xdka'owGif e,fjcm;
apmifw
h yfukd jiif;qefco
hJ nfh Adv
k f
rSL;apmausmufouf OD;pD;aom 'D
aubDatwyfzGJ@0ifrsm;u tpdk;&
wyfrsm;udk a&Smifwcifwdkufcdkuf
v#u&f +dS yD; +yD;cJo
h nfv
h tenf;i,f
uvnf; if;wd@k wyfz@JG .&efyakH iGt
wGuf ,mOfarmif;olrsm;/ ,mOfyikd f
&Sirf sm;xHrS aiGa=u;aumufcrH _ &Scd hJ
bl;aomfvnf; tpd;k &ppfwyfEiS fh &J
vuFm'Dy
uwdrmS owdawG &S&d r,f
wu,ftvSnfha&mufrS
wu,ftwnfhav#mufrSmvm;
umve*g;vdk rv_yfr,Suf
[oFm}uD; tdyfpufaevdkufwm
urBmcsD+yD; tHh=ovdkufcsifyg&J@?
teD;uyfapmifh=unfhaeqJ
a0cGJoHk;oyfaewkef;vm;
wwwfwtm; oifrsm; yg0ifvm&if
tm%m&Sif&Sif;wJh yGJt&Sdefvrf;
ordefA&rf;rsdK;qufawG
touf0ifyGJawmif;aer,fqdkwm
igwdk@ ,Hk=unfxm;=uwmrdk@
[oFmwdk@ESvHk; rauGyef;bl;av b,fawmhrS?
nDaemifw@kd a&
'Dawmifudk armifzdae+yDav
a&mufav&mt&yfrsm;u
Ekd;xwufuGjzpfoifh+yDrdk@
idkufjrnf;vdk@ rawGra0
qifajcawG ay;rae=ubJ
yGJv,facgif vufcarmif;cwfoHrsm;
usKyf wtm;=um;csifprf;ygbdawmh?
aESmifud;r#iftHk arSmifrdkufbHkudk
csDwHkcswHk tm;rpHkvifjcif;
zdcGif;r&wm oifodom;av
ajrydrS azudk udk owd&rSwcf &hJ if
toif [oFm}uD;a&
'DaEGyifv,f wdk@b,fvdkausmfjzwfrSmwkef;
oifhESvHk;om;xJu
v*Gef;tdefeJ@ &mZm"d&mZfcrsm
&mZ0ifrSm oif csefxm;&pfcJh+yDaygh?
Photo-KIC
jr0wD-aumhu&dwf awmifay:vrf;wGif oGm;vmaeonfh um;rsm;
0ef x rf ; rsm;u wpH k w &m[ef @
wm;r_r&SdbJ rodusKd;u|Hyae=u
onf [ k c&D ; onf r sm;u ajym
onf?
ud,
k w
f ikd f uHczhJ ;l ol c&D;
onfwpfO;D u aiGaumufwt
hJ zG@J
uvnf; tiftm;trsm;}uD;yJ? &m
eJ@csDw,f? [dkwcguvnf; tJvdk
aiGaumufwmudk &J*w
d af wGu od
ayrJh bmrSvnf; rvkyb
f ;l ?[k qdk
onf?
azazmf0g&Dv 24&uf
ae@u jr0wD-aumhu&dwfum;
vrf;wGif ajy;qGJaeonfh rSefvHk
um;/ 12bD;um;/ zifaumufum;
ponfharmfawmf,Of trsKd;tpm;
tay: rlwnfI ,mOfydkif&Sifrsm;
tm; um;wpfp;D v#if wESppf mt
u&ifowif;pOf/
qifajcay;vlom; rjzpfapvifh
ZGefv/
pmrsufESm 8
onfhtwGuf c&D;onfrsm;xHrS
jyefvnfawmif;cHjcif;rsm;vnf;
&Sdonf[k od&onf?
jr0wD - aumh u &d w f
awmifay:um;vrf;wpfav#muf
wG i f tpk d ; &ppf w yf puc(12)
vufatmufcHwyf&if;rsm;/ 'Dau
bD a t wyf r [m(5) wyf z G J @ 0if
rsm;/ u&iftrsK;d om;vGwaf jrmuf
a&;wyfrawmf KNLA wyf&if;
(18)ESifh wyfr[m(6) ppfa=umif;
wdk@ v_yf&Sm;v#uf&Sdonf?
ySR*h>0Dc;JG ,m
uvkm'l.cG;J ,m'D;
'H>rd.jch.pH.
uMwLI (15) tbhO (6) vg,l:< 2011 eHO
ok;y'dO tvHmw
f IupDOymfzsg0v
J U
unDwIrkmw
f IckOuDOu;u&Uwzk
uh:[hOvD:to;
vg,lR 22oD (ch.ftJ;pH.f)
unD'Duvkmfp>zSd.fu
&>u nDw>fxl.fzsJ;ok;rk>f'd.f w>f
rk m f w >f c k . f u D . f u ;u&> ok ; &h . f
(709) tzDvmf ok;'hcd.f wDcd.f&d.frJ
tySReD.*f >H t
f .d 0f J 25*R uhR[h.v
f RD t
o;Ckmf'D; w>fpku0JRt*h>f zJvg
,lR 14oDteHR b.fw>frRvRuyDR
tDRzJ wv>RuD>fpJ.f uFJ;r,D0h>f ,J
o.fvG.fbsD.f'd.fe.f zJr[gweHR uF
rd.fvHmfw>fupD.fymfzsg0J'.fe.fvDR$
w>f r k m f w >f c k . f u D . f u ;
u&> v>tuhR[h.fvDRto; wzk
tHR ok;'hcd.ftywD>f ok;cd.fpd pDR
oh.fngt0J oh.fvDRwH>fvDRqJ;b.f$
uoHu>G f uG>f'H; t*h>fpH;b.f0J.f
ch.ftJ;pH.fe.f vDR$
y'd.ftvHmfw>fupD.f ymf
zsg0J w>frkmfw>fck.fuD.fu;u&> u
&>zd 25*RtHR wv>RuD>fpJ.f bH.f
b>'D;uD>fq>*h>f0D udwdmf0JRvD>fud
wdmf ok;cd.f'd.fpd xhtD.frF.f wcDwl>f
vd m f 0 J ' D ; wv>RuD > f p J . f u nD u
vkmf'l.f udwdmf0JRvD>f udwdmf pDRtD.f
uFD.fohwcDpH;0J [JuhR[h.fvDRt
o;Ckmf'D;w>fpku0JRtCd o;ck
ymfuz>v>to;t*h>f pH;0J'.fe.f
vDR$
cJtHR ySRv>tuhR[h.fvDRo;wz.f
wrh>f0JySRv> ttJ.fuvkmfb.f$$$$
v.fogCkmf'D; ok;'hcd.fcH*R ok;cd.f
,DR (2) w*RCkmf'D; ok;zd 21*R
Ckmf'D; yGJ; 45usdzk.fwcd.f'D; usdrJ;
upH 12bh.f usd'>wcgyGJ; 30cg
bJwcd.f'D; usdrJ;upH 11bh.f usd
'> cHcgyGJ; 38cg bJwcd.f'D; usdrJ;
upH 5bh.f'D; usdtrsDmfxDwcd.f 'D;
rsDmfzk.fwcd.f bH.fth.f 91 pkuHGmfrh.f
yd>f 3 zs>.f eD.f*H>f 36 pkuHGmfrh.fyd>f
2zs>.f M-16usd ' >tzk . f 2cg
5$56usdcsH 21bh.f &>zJ.frh.fyd>f
5zs>.f'D; vD'De>fwzs>.f [JuhRpdmf0J
t*h>f w.fupD.ftylR ymfzsg0J'.fe.f
vDR$
b.fxGJ'D;w>f*h>ft0Je.f
w>frkmfw>fck.fuD.fu;u&> w>fqJ;
usd;'D; xH*kRuD>f*R rlb.f'gcd.f ok;
cd.fus>>fzd'dux>.f wHRroh; pH;0J
y,DR y'd.ftHR rR0Jw>f&RvDRoEl
v> t0Joh.frRySJRe>f ySRusdcsH0.fo.f
vDR$ u&>0JtHR teD>feD>fwcD v>t
cD.fxH; 'H.fch.fbH.fth.f zJe. f [D.fo&D
(ch.zf .H t
f .J zf )f u&>0HR'D; rh>yf RS v> t
[Jtd.fv> w>frkmfw>fck.fuD.fu; u
&>wz.fvDR$ cd.fe>fwz.fr; woh.f
ngt0Joh.fcJv>mfb.f t*h>f t0J
pH;0Je.fvDR$
'fe.ftod; unDw>fu
pD.f0JRvD>fcd.foh.f ch.ftJ;pH.f oHu>G foH
'd;'D; w>frkmfw>fck.fuD.fu;u&>y>
ok ; yD ; vD c d . f u s>>f ok ; cd . f u s>>f
,h.fEl; wcDpH;0J t0Joh.ftzGJ;'k
urh>fv> Cd.fo>zs>.f wz.fvDR$ y
0Jok;&h.f(709) td.fv> Cd.fo>
zs>.fwuyR 'krh>f'.fcDb.fq.f yw
v>w>frRvRuyDR w>f
rkmfw>fck.fuD.fu;u&> zJwv>RuD>f
pJ.f/ uFJ;r,D0h>f y>RuD>fok;&h.feD.f*H>f
15 y>RuD>fbsD.f'd.f ,Jo.fvG.ftHR
ok;zdw*R ue>fb.f0J phy,DR 1 u
vD>fuF;'D; ok;cd.f'd.fpd xhrF. ftD.f[h.f
rRp>R0J 25uvD>f'D; uD>fpJ.fy>RuD>f
cd.fph>fuD; [h.frRp>R0J[ko; 25
x>.f'D; (ukvm;yJ)3x>.f zJw>frR
vRuyDRtrl; e.fvDR$
cJtHR ySRv>tuhR[h.f
vDRto;wz.f wrh>f0JySRv> t
tJ.fuvkmfb.f$ t0Joh.f xH.f0Jw>f
cGJ;w>f,mftd.ftCd t0Joh.f[JwkR
v> w>frkmfw>fck.fuD.fu;u&> t
ylRvDR$ ySR'ftHRoh.fwz.f td.f0Jtg
r;vDR$ y'd.t
f 0JtRH [h.0f w
J >fq.D o
f
eH;tbsDwz.ftbsD v>yuqDw
vJ yw>fu&>u&dtHR b.fq.f q>
uwD>fcJueH.ftHR wwJySR v>ReDw
rHRb.ftod; y0Joh.fph>fuD; ywu
e.fCkmftDRb.f t*h>f'D;ux>.f wHR
roh; pH;0J'.fe.fvDR$
ch.ftJ.f,l.fch.ftJ.ftJ.f
vfth.f w>frkmfw>fck.fuD.fu;u&>
tHR xk;uGHmfto;'D; ch.ftJ.f,l.f ok;
uh(7) zJvgzh.}f bL;tg&HR 2007 eH.f
'D; uhRrRoud;uhRw>f'D; ok;y
'd.f0HR u&>t0JtHR rh>funDw>fy
wkmfw>fc;wzkv> t*h>fvdmf0J'.f
ok;y'd.frR0J w>fqDwvJql ok;cd;
uD>fq>'D; *>RuD>fok;t*h>f zJ 2010
eH.f vged.f0hb>.f w>fCkx> wcsK;
b.ftq>uwD>fe.fvDR$
(Logo)oh.fwz.fe.f
b.fyShR0J'.fcJ
v>mft*h>fe. f uFdzd rd>fy>fw*RpH;0Je. f
vDR$
weH.fngtHR ,zdcGg
ub.fxD.f0Jo>wDR/ v>uFde.f vHmf
z;'k w>f[h.fuvDvDR$ oemfuh
rhrh>fv> vHmfw>f';G / vHmfudRvR0g
oh.fwz.fe.f b.fyShR0JvDR$ 0HRe.f
vH m f u G J ; uvD e h . f w'.f p h . f t *D > f
24000? uFt
d w>fyeD./f wDRtw>fy
eD.foh.fwz.fe.f uFdzdw*Rb.fyShR0J
3=5pd.fvDR$ yrh>fymfzSd.fcJv>mfe.f
v>mf0J 5000uF;vDR$t*h>fpH;0J
e.fvDR$
rhrh>fv> wDRzk.fuFdv>
vl>fysJ>fuD>fq.f/ unDuD>fpJ.f wcDe. f
zJv> ySRuFdzdvJRqJ;vDRtrHRtcg
zd.fo.fv> tb.fxD.f0J (oli,f
wef;)w*Re.f v>mf0Jph 4000uF;
t*h>f'D; uFdzdweDRe.f rd>fy>fw>fw
td.fw,>Rb.ftCd xD.fuFdr;w
e>fv>Rb.ft*h>f uFdo&.frk.fv> w
tJ.f'd;ymfzsgtrHRw*RpH;0Je.fvDR$
v>yuFde.f p;xD.fv>
wDRzk.fuFde.f ySRuFdzdcJv>mftd.f0J t
*R80vDR$ zsdxD.fvHG>fwDR0HR qJ;xD.f
uhR ,J>fwDRwe>fv>Rb.f/ weDRe.f
zsdxD.fo>wDR0HR xD.fuhR vH>G fwDRw
e>fv>Rb.f/ t0Joh.f trd>fty>f
w>fwtd.fw,>Rb.ftCd qJ;ymf
tzdv> uFdwe>fv>Rb.f vDR$
pH;0Je.fvDR$
zd'Hzdo.fv> ttd.fzJ
vl>fysJ>fuD>fq.f 'lo0DtylR
oh.fwz.fe.f p;xD.fv> 5
eH.fwkR 14eH.foh.fwz.f xD.f
b.fuFdwkR xJvH>G fwDR'D; w>f
*h > f t uvk m f u vk m f t Cd
xD.fuFd'D;rRvdb.f w>fxJ
wDRc>.fo;uFd e.fvDR$
eD>frlphv>ttd.fzJ vl>f
ysJ>fuD>fq.fw*RpH;0J tzHzd
rk.t
f .d f 0J 8*Roemfuh vJRrR
w>fv>,dRuD>fud;*R'J;vDR$
tzHtd.f'D; vHRrk.f 13eH.fw
*RvDR$ weH.fngtHR ,vHR
rk.u
f b.fx.D 0f J vG>H w
f RD tCd
tJ.f'd; 'k;xD.fuFd'H;vDR$o
emfuh,vHRrk.f rh>fxD.fuFdeh.f
rwRw*R uuG>x
f GJ uhR,R
vJ.ft*h>f pH;0Je.fvDR$
uFdurH;wHmfzJz.ft.fw
*RpH;0Jv> y'd.fymfvDR (tcrJh) w>f
ul.fb.ful.foh oElb.fq.f rh>fw
bSJg&SJqd0J [H.fzdCdzdw'l.fpkmfpkmf t
w>f*h>fuDb.fe.f zd'Hzdo.fwz.ft
*D>f tbsK;tzSd.fwtd.f0JeD wrHRb.f
e.fvDR$
wvgngtH R vgxD . f
1oD t eH R eh . f uD > f y ,D R 'D w bh . f
w>fp;xD.ftd;xD.f uhRuFdvHb.fq.f
wk R uwD > f t H R eh . f uF d z .f w z.f
vJRqJ;trHRqluFd tz> rk>f'H;tod;
wrRvdb.fw>fv> (tcrJh)b.f
b.f[h.f'.fphxDbde.fvDR$
wI'k;wI,:tCd rJUfuo;
o0Dzd bOChIrSH
vg,l R 13oD /
pDRohrFH;(ch.ftJ;pH.f)
unDok;EkmfvDRc;0J y
,DRok;zJ rJ>fuo;o0D/ Cd.fo>
zs>.f[D.fu0DR/ uF;th.fqh.fuFHuD>f
q.f/ unDuD>fpJ.fe.ftCd o0Dzd'D
wo0DC.fC.ff b.fCh>ftd.fu'kt
o;ql yS>fusg'D; 'lo0Dt*Rt*h>fe. f
e>fb.fw>fupD.fvDR$
zJr[gu>RwEHG rk>fCkeHR
(vg,lR11)oD*DRcDe.f unDok;w
eDR EkmfvDRc;0Jy,DRok;y>qS>&J.f
usJRok;0JRvD>fcd.foh.f puc(19)t
zDvmf cr&(563) zJrJ>fuo;o0D
uvkmf'lO[DOu0D:
vg,l R 12oD /
us>>f 'Dux>.f&SG.fcgpH;0J b.fxJG ySRuvkmft*D>fv>uD>fcd.ftlohph.f
pDR cgqlng (ch.ftJ;pH. f)
'D;ywkmfw>fxD.f'k;'D; xH.fvdmfpH;u -u>;rRoh.fwz.fe.f rh>f'.fyChxD.f
uvkmf'l.fcJv>mf uD.f wdRw>frkmfw>fw>f*h>ftHRe.f xHuD>f'D; 'D; qD.fwclxD.f0JvDR$ w>fv>ySR u
aaaafafe
u;u&>(tHtJ.fpH.f)ChxD.f uD>fy
,DR uD>fcd.ftloh.fph.fv> uywkmf
w>fxD.f'k; uvkmf'l.ft[D.fu0DR
oh.fwz.f'D; xH.fvdmfpH;uwdRw>f
rkmfw>fck.ft*h>f zJvg,lR 11oDteHR
e.fxk;xD.fbd;b.f&RvDR0J vHmfymf
zsgwbh.fe.fvDR$
(6)bsw
D bsD (tHt.J pf .H )f
w>ftd.fzSd.f v>b.fw>frRtDRzJuD>f
uFD.fwJ.f=uD>fy,DRuD>fq>w>fvD>f
wwDR p;xD.fzJvg,lR 9oDwkR 11
(tHtJOpHO)ff?
eJO&GJOcdusUI
oDe.f q>wJmfymfzsgxD.f0J vHmfymf
'D u xUO
&GOcg
zsgwbh.ftHR'D; v>w>ftd.fzSd.ftylR
(wI*D:-chOtJ;pHO)
tHtJ.fpH.f c>.fp;v>uD>fpJ.f 7bh.f/ ySR
[h.ful.f[h.fz;w>fzd uGJrkmfvDRqD
c>.fp;wz.fcJv>mf 40*R vJRxD.f0J
e.fvDR$
(tH t J . f p H . f ) eJ . f & G J . f c d . f
unDw>upD.w>y&X/vg,lR/2011eH./ubsH;yR=2
unD';D udza o
d ;k rkI'dOu&Upd xk;xDObd;bO&UvD:0J
wIymfzOdS r:oud; vU wIxDO'k;
vg,l R 9oD /
pD R cgql n g
(ch.ftJ;pH.f)
'fod;'D; ok;rDRpd&dRoEl
u[;*DR'D; uwkRqlw>frRe>Rt*D>f
zJvg,lR 6oDteHRe.f unD'D; uFd
zdok;rk>f'd.fu&>pd bd;b.f&RvDR0J
vHmyf mfzsgwcg v>trHRrh>f rRe>Rpd
w>fxD.f'k;v>tb.fxJG'D; uymf
zSd.frRoud;w>fxD.f'k; e.fvDR$
zJtylRuGHmf vgthjzh.fe.f
'H.fch.fbH.fth.f usd.fxlbD'k;,R xk;
xD.f0JvHmfymfzsgwbh.f v>urR
ql.fxD.f0J ok;w>fxD.f 'k;0HRydmfxGJ
xD.ftvD>fcHwcD unDbl;';ok;
rk>'f .f ('H.cf .h b
f .H t
f .h )f unD'u
D vkmf
w>f x l . f z sJ ; ok ; rk > f ' d . f (ch . f t J . f
tJ.fvfth.f)'D; uD>fy,DR'Dwbh.f
w>fxl.fzsJ;ok;rk>f'd.f (ch.ftJ.ftJvf
th.f)ok;ymfzSd.fwz.f td.fcd;c;0J y
,DRok; ok;}wdR 22tzDvmf cr&
201ok;&h.fzJ vDRy.fo0De. ft*h>f ch.f
tJ.ftJvfth.f ok;&h.f 101 ok;&h.fcd.f
ok;cd.f'd.f*D>f*h>f pDRzD'd.fpH;0Je.fvDR$
r[gu>R te.f & H . f
10e.f yySRcd;c;0J 'k.f'gok;v> t
EkmfvDR[l;*JR0J'.fzJ vDRy.fo0D ,Hmf
0J 2e.f&.H C
f .fC.fngvDR$ 'k.'f gwyR
oH 8*R/ b.f'd 7*R/ v>yySRwyR'k
w>fb.f'db.fxH;wtd.fb.ft*h>f
ok;cd.f'd.f*D>f*h>f pDRzD'd.fpH;0Je.fvDR$
w>f'k;uJxD.fzJ o0DylR
tCd ySRo0Dzdwz.f ysHRb.f w>f'D;
u,J.frh>f w>fqJ;usdRvDwJ pdoh.f
wz.f yHmfoHuHGmf0JcJv>mft *h>fe.f
uD.fpJRo0Dv>ttd.fbl;'D; vDRy.f
o0DtRH ydmrf .k zf w
d *RpH;'ftRH e.v
f RD $
ySRunDok; td.fcd;c;
y,DRok;zJ vDRy.fo0De. fe> f 2oDvH/
zJr[gu>R w>f'k;uJxD.f'D; ySRo
0Dzd ysHRb.fw>foyS>fuw>>fvDR$
w>f&Sd;uFg uFgtHR w>fb.fyHmfCmfvD
wJpdcJ v>mfvDR$t*h>f pH;0Je.fvDR$
unDok;ymfzSd.fwz.f rR
tgxD.fw>f[l;w>f*JRtHRtCd zJt
ylRuHmG fpSRoDe.f y,DRok;rk>f xD.fu
vHRxH;ok;uD>fcD (&wc)eJ.f vDRw>f
uvkmfv> 'fod;ubSg&SJ0J w>f*h>f
tHRt*D>f ok;wz.f ub.ftd.f v>
w>fyvD>yf 'DyRl t*h>f eJ.v
f RD 0J e.v
f RD $
unDw>upD.w>y&X/vg,lR/2011eH./ubsH;yR=3
wI'k;uJxOD vU y,D:ok;'D;
unDo;k tbUOpU:e Oh wIrU0J
vDIu0D: 'lo0Dzw
d zO vUwIrJmn
f g
vg,lR 8oD/ (ch.ftJ;pH.f)
unDu>D pf .J f uF;thp.h u
f HF
uD>fq.f Cd.fo>zs>.fw>fvD>fwz.f
tylR w>f'k;uJxD.fv> unDzD.fpk
u0JR'D; y,DRok;tb>.fp>R 0HRt
vD>fcH y,DRok;wz.f zD.f0JvD>fu0DR
zJeh.f unDo0Dzd 30bsJ.f Ckmf'D;ydmf
rk.fydmfr>R'D; zdo.fwz.fe. f w>fr>t
0Joh.fv> ub.fvJRv> ok;usdRt
rJmfnge.fvDR$
y,DRok; cv&(373)
ok;usdRtHR r>0JvD>fu0DRo0Dzdw
z.fv> u[;yF;e>ftusJv> w>frJmf
ng b.fxJGw>f*h>ftHR unD'Duvkmf
p>zSd.fu&> (ch.ftJ.f,l.f)ok;uh (6)
ySRb.frlb.f'gw*RpH;b.f0J'.f u
nDw>fupD.0f RJ vD>cf .d o
f .h f (ch.t
f ;J pH.)f
'ftHRe.fvDR$
v> rFJ.fo.f,.fo0D
t*R(10) y.fCkmf'D; ydmfrk.f Ckmf'D;zd
'Hzdo.fvDR$ ySRoh.fwz.ftHR w>fr>
tDRv> ub.fvJRv> ok;usdRt
rJmfng0HR'D; r>t0Joh.fvJRqS>tDR
v> tyvdRo0DylRvDR$ vJRwkRv>
tyvdRo0D0HR'D; zD.fu'D;o0Dzd 24
*RvDR$ zd'Hzdo.f ol.fcho;yS>fCkmf'D;
ydmfrk.fydmfr>R cJv>mfvDR$ t*h>fpH;0J
'.fe.fvDR$
cv& (373) ok;usdR
tHR zD.fCmf'D;r>tD.f0J vD>fu0DRu
nDzdv> w>fr>tD.ftDR 32 *RtHR ySR
to;eH.ftqH;uw>>f 6eH.f'D; t
o;yS>fuw>>f 50eH.fe.fvDR$
v>vD>fu0DR o0Dzdw
z.ftylR zdo.f'D;ySRo;yS>f ydmfrk.fydmf
r>RweDR w>fr>t0Joh.fv> uvJR
v>w>frJmfng ySRv>ttd.fwh>fw
z.f ub.f[;v>ok;usdRtc>.fo;
'D; ub.f0He>f ok;zdwz.f tx>.f
wIc;vdmt
f o;zJ raO0wHO-uD;u&H; odvOh usJ bOoHursUIw*:
vg,l R 20oD /
pDRohrFH; (ch.ftJ;pH.f)
zJ r F . f 0 wH . f = uD ; w&H ;
od.fvh.fusJe. f weHRtHR unDok;'D;
y,DRok; b.fo*>>fc;vdmfto;
wIEkmv
f :D r:ydIz;wI'DwIEkmv
f :D c;
wItCd 0hICdOoUzsUOyl: wIbHO
wIbUCH;wDO
vg,lR 21oD/ (ch.ftJ;pH.f)
w>fEkmfvDR rRyd>fz;w>f'D;
w>fEkmfvDRc;0J 0h>fCd.fo>zs>.fylRuJ
xD.fto;wvD>fvD>ftCd uwD>f
tH R y,D R ok ; rRtgxD . f tok ;
eD.f*H>fwu;b.f p;xD.fw*DRng
tHRe.f rRtgxD.fph>fuD;0J w>forHo
rd;w>ft*h>fe. f 0h>fzdwz.fpH;0Je. fvDR$
p;xDzJ r[gu>R *DRcD
tq>uwD>fe.f w>forHord;w>f
oyS>f uw>>fvDR$ usJuql; uwHmf
cJv>mf td.fxJok;wz.f [;qDvDR
w>fbH.fw>fb>vDR/ orHord;CdxH
0J qJ;uJ;'D; ySRunDv>t[;xD.f
[;vDR v>tvDRqDoh.fwz.fvDR$
ySRweDR'k orHord;uG>f0J0HR ys>fuHGmf
0JwbsDCdtd.f0Joemfuh weDRe.f
zD.f'k;Cmf0JvDR$t*h>f pH;0Je.fvDR$
wvD>fvD>ftCd y,DRok;wz.f rR
tgxD.fteD.f*H>fteD.f';G 'D; orHord;
CdxHw>fuJxD.fto; 'ftHRe.fvDR$
uwD>ftHR y,DRok;v>
t[H;e>fw>fbH.fw>fb>zJ 0h>fCd.f
o>zs>.ftylRoh.fwz.feh.f rh>f0J cv
& 283/ cr& 566/ cr& 563oh.f
wz.f wu;b.ftrJmfng urs>>f
v> ttd.fqd;zJ 0h>fcd.fxd;/ 0h>fcs>w
z.f y,DRok; r>Ekmv
f RD td.u
f Rh v> 0h>f
ylRcJv>mfe.fvDR$
wuwD>fCD uwD>ftHR
e.f urs>>fzJ Cd.fo>zs>.f[D.fu0DR
ylRwz.f rh>f[;xD.fw>fcs>'D; vJRCk
zH;CkrRtD.fw>fe.f b.fuJG;vHmftk.f
o;v> ySRb.frlb.f'gwz.fttd.f
0HRr; vJRe>f0Jt*h>fe.f Cd.fo>zs>.f
urs>>fwz.fpH;0Je.fvDR$
0hICdOoUzsUI (wI*D:-chOtJ;pHO)
w>f o rH o rd ; w>f t 0J
tHR rh>f'.fy,DRok;tw>fzH;w>frR
wcg'D; p;xD.forHord;w>fv>
p;xD.fv> *DRcDe.f wkRrk>fxl.f 11e.f
&H.ft*h>fe.f Cd.fo>zs>.f 0h>fzdwz.f
pH;0Je.fvDR$
Cd . f o >zs>.f 0 h > f z d w *R
pH;0J cJtHR ySRorHord;w>foyS>f
vDR$ qJ;uJ;wz.f rh>ftpdmfCkmf'D;
w>frRyd>fz;xD.fw>f w>fzdw>fvHR rh>f
y.fwy.f/ orHord;0J w>fvD>fud;
wDR'J;vDR$ uluRxD.f ok;w>fulw>f
uRcJv>mfvDRt*h>f pH;0Je.fvDR$
zJtylRuHmG f pSRoDe.f w>f
EkmfvDRc;0J Cd.fo>zs>.f 0h>fylR0h>fcs>
uD>fuFD.fwJ.f'D; uD>fy,DR
uD>fq> 0h>fCd.fo>zs>.fylRe.f cJu eH.f
tHR rh.fyd>fyd>fxD.f'D; ySRzD.fpku0JR u
&l>fwz.f EkmfvDRc;0J w>fuJxD.ft
o;cJtHRcJtHReh.fvDR$ Cd.fo>zs>.f
[D.fu0DRtylRe.f y,DRok; y>qS>
&J . f u sJ R ok ; 0J R vD > f c d . f o h . f puc
(19)tzDvmfok;&h.fwz.f [l;*JR0J
tod; unD'Duvkmfw>fxl.fzsJ;ok;
rk>f'd.f (ch.ftJ.ftJvfth.f)'D; unDbl;
';ok;rk>f'd.f ('H.fch.fbH.fth.f)wz.f
[l;*JR0Jph>fuD;e.fvDR$
vg,lR 21oD/
'fe.ftod; y'd.ftok;
pDRohrFH; (ch.ftJ;pH.f)
wz.f v>w>fuqS>u'guhRtDR
ucF. fuD>fpJ.fylR w>f'k;uJ t*D>f qJ;usd;0Joemfuh y'd.fwcD
xD.fv> y'd.ftok;'D; ucFh.fw>fxl.f uwDRxD.f to;v> w>f'k;'D; cr&
zsJ;ok;rk>f'd.f (ch.ftJ;th.f) tb>.fp>R (437)'D; (348) ok;wz.f zJvg,lR
wEGHbsJ.fbsJ.ftylRtHR y'd.ftvHmf 9 oDteHR [JxD.f0J'.fv> q.fu.f
w>fupD.fymfzsg0J'.fv> ch.ftJ;th.f o0D'D; p;xD.fc;qd0J ch.ftJ;th.f ySR
c;qd t0Joh.f'D; wrh>fw>frh>fw>fwD cd;uh v>w>frJmfngwz.f'D; u0DR
b.ft*h>f zJvg,lR 20oDteHR ch.f Cmf0J ch.ftJ;th.f w>f&hvdmfrkmfvdmf
tJ;th.f xk;xD.f&RvDRe>f0J ucF. f u 0JR'>;'D; zD.fe>f0J ok;puDR (2) cFg,h
rs>>fwz.fv> vHmfymfzsgwbh.ftylR 'D; rRt>rRoD0J0HR 'D;rRoH0Jt*h>f
e.fvDR$
ch.t
f ;J th.f vHmyf mfzsgtylR ymfzsg0J'.f
zJvg,lR 17 oD/ 2011 e.fvDR$
eH.f y'd.ftvHmfw>fupD.f xk;xD.f&R
w>f'k;uJxD.fv> ch.ftJ;
vDR0J w>fupD.f wb.f0Jb.ftCd th.f'D; y'd.ftok;tHR ucF.furs>>f
'fod; urs>>fwz.f uoh.fngb.f0J wcD wtd.f'D;w>fymfol.fymfo;v>
ck;vDIzJ rkmfBwD:uDI&hO wIvDIwwD: (wI*D:-chOtJ;pHO)
w>fuJxD.fo; trh>ftwDt*D>f vHmf ch . f t J ; td . f uymf v D R w>f p k u
ck;b.fe.f t0Joh.fql.fuJR xD.fuHGmf cD'k ck;wvD>f w>f uhRrRzSd.ftDR cH*R
zJtylRuGHmf vgr;&Sf'D; ymfzsgtHR b.fw>fxk;xD.f0J'.ft*h>f 0JRb.ft*h>f ucF. w
f >fupD.0f RJ vD>cf .d f
ck;oh.fwz.fe.fvDR $ ck;v>ttd.f o>*Rtd.f0Je.fvDR$ weDRcD'k vhRw thjzh.f tylRe.f y,DRok; tok;}wdR
v>usJwz.f t0Joh.f ql.fuJRxD.f uhR uhRrRuhRwohv>R b.f$ t (11) tzDvmf ok;&h.fCkmf'D; ok;'k;
,mf0RJvD>fcd.foh.f pAc (1) tzDvmf
uGHmf0J'.fvDR $ tCde.f ck;oh.fwz.f *h>fpH;0J'.fe.fvDR$
y'd.frh>fxk;xD.f w>fupD.f'fvJ.f*hR 'fvD.f*hR oemfuh ucF.fu
uJR0J'.f wuyRvDR $t*h>fpH;0J'.f
b.fC;'D;ck;oh.fwz.f cD.fchsok;&h.f cr&(434)'D; cD.fok;
rs>>f z d c J v >mf oh . f n g'D ; e>f y >>f 0 J ' .f v D R $ v>tcD . f x H ; vH R vH R
e.fvDR$
[;*kmf[;*DR t*h>f 'lzdo0Dzd v> &h.f cv&(19) oh.fwz.f [JxD.f0J
w>fzh.fq>rh>ftd.fxD.fe.f ch.ftJ;td.fwcD wymfvDR
ck;v>rh.ftltD.fvJ; w td.fzJe>fwz.f eH.fv>u[J uxH.f '.fv> bkod.fuD>fq.f ok;tuvlR
w>f p k u 0J R b.f ' D ; uCk e > f w >f t q>v> ubS g &S J 0 J ' .f v D R $
z.f yrh>fxd.f';G v> thu>.fe.f uuD b.f0J'.f'D; w>ftD.fwulwv> b.f 0DRv>t td.fol.fvDRto;zJ cD.fyd;
0Jb.fq.f ck;wvD>fe.f uvDRv> tod; y,DRok;v>tr>ql.f urs>>f u[Husd e;wDR uFD.fn.f 0gvl>f w
bkbh.f 3'>wkRv> 4'>td.f0J t *h>f tzDcd.f vD>fu0DRzJe.fwz.f w>fuD z.fvD>fu0DRo0Dzdwz.f w>fr>ql.f e.f v>vHmfymfzsgtylR ymfzsg0Jeh.f oh.f tJ;'H;x>.f vzJeD>f'h pH;0J'.fe.f
vD>fu0DRo0Dzdoh.fwz.f wJyF;0J'D; w>fcJv> uydmfxJGxD.ftcH tzDcd.f v>ub.fvJR0HqS>eh>f ok;tw>f vDR$
vDR$
oh.fngb.f0Je.fvDR$
w>fuymfzsgxD.fe>ftDRv> uD>fylR tD.fql rJ>fw&h;x.f uvlRtd.f t
ch.ftJ;th.f ok;wz.frR
y'd.frh>fxk;xD.f w>fu
w>fvD>fweDR ck;oh.f uD>fcs>'D; xH*kRuD>f*R oh.fwz.f t vD>fe.fvDR$
ysHRrRzk;'D;p;xD.fc;ySRtCd yok; pD.f'fvJ.f*hR 'fvD.f*hR oemfuh ucF.f
wz.f 'fw>frRuhRtDR e>fwqH; w *h>f ch.t
f .J ,
f .l f rkm}f wDRuD>&f .h f Chx.D f
usdRwz.f yvJmfo;we>fv>Rb.f'D; urs>>fzdcJv>mf oh.fng'D;e>fy>>f0J
uh>fe.fw>fol.fvDR0Jbke.fvDR$ weDR 0J'.fe.fvDR$ t*h>fw>foh.fngb.f0J
uhRc;u'guhRtDRtod; y'Do'> '.fvDR$ v>tcD.fxH; vHRvHR w>fzh.f
'.fe.fvDR$
uhR0J y0Jok;rk>foH.fbd'D; xHuD>f t q>rh>ftd.fxD.fe. f ch.ft.ftd.fwcD w
chOtJO,lO *hIvdm0f b
J OC; y'dOwIymfurO
vU[hO0Jp'h ;D rUyS:r:ydIz; rhOydI
vg,l R 18oD /
pDRcgqlng (ch.ftJ;pH.f)
urs>>f w z.f b.f o l . f
b.fo;usd.fphtCd ch.ftJ.f,l.f [h.f
t0Joh.fv>ph rh>f'fod;urR yd>fz;
rh.fyd>f y,DRy'd.ftvHmf w>fupD.f ymf
y'dOtwIupDO wbOt*hI
(chOtJ;thO ) &SyJ ;a uh:0J ucaOh xHzu
d ID zd
&h'.d f vDr.h t
f t
l w>f&.J w
f >fusJR wcg
{dR tod; yrRq>u'guhR tDRvDR$
rhrh>fv> uCkw>fth.fvdmf'D; qD.f
wH>frRe>R wcD w>fynd.fwtd.fb.f
t*h>f zJvg,lR 17 oDteHR y'd.f
tvHmf w>fupD.f uFrd.f ymfzsg0J'.f
e.fvDR$
ch.ftJ;th.f vHmfymfzsgtHR
p;xD.fv> 2011 eH.f vg,lR 9oD
wkRcJueH.t
f RH ch.t
f ;J th.'f ;D y,DRok;
wz.f w>f'k;uJxD.f'H;0Jtd.ftod;
ch.ftJ;td.f/ ch.ftJ;th.fwcD ol.fud>f
o;*DRw>fv> urs>>ft*D>f cDzsdu
rs>>f w z.f x H . f b .f o *>>f ' D ; w>f
uDw>fcJtHR wo;vD0Jb.ft*h>f y
'd.ftok;'D;ch.ftJ;th.f ok;tb>.f
p>R w>fb.f*Hmf*lmf w>ftd.fo;wqH;
wuh>f &SJyF;0J'.f urs>>fv>w>f *h>f
(24)xH.fe.fvDR$
v>w>f*h>f (24)xH.ftylR
e.f zJvg,lR 8oDteHR ch.ftJ;th.f
ok;uh (3) ok;&h.f (15) zD.fwH>fCmf
0J y>RuD>fok;zd &JeJ.f zJrk>fCh>fvDR 2
e.f&H.f Ckmf'D; pku0JRw>fyD;w>fvD
v>v>ySJRySJR 'D; cr&(437) ok;cd.f
rF.fud.fud.f'D; ok;cd.fzd ud.fud.f0hph>f
uD; cDzsd[JcDwv> w>fvD>ftCd
b.fw>fzD.fCmftDR wpd>fwvD>f0HR
w>fys>fu'guhRtDRCkmf'D; pku0JR cJ
v>mfcJphe.fvDR$
Ol
vg,l R 27oD /
pDRohrFH; (ch.ftJ;pH.f)
unDurs>>f zJyuduD>f
cD/ v>>f'd.fuD>fq.ftylR urs>>f 200
bsJ.f p;xD.fv>vg,lRxD.foD wkR
uwD>ftHRe.f uG>fq>.frJmfb.f y,DR
ok; tw>fql.f r>qd; ud;eHR'J;t
zdw>fvRH v>tvd.o
f .h w
f z.ft*h>ef . f
vD>fu0DR u rs>>fw*RCDt0Je.f pH;
tg xD.fu'D;0Je. fvDR$ v>e.ftrJmf
ng y,DRuwhxD.f zd;t*D>f Chph>f
uD;0J o0Du&l>fv> 0J>fv;wD/ ed.f*DR
y.fwvg/ olubHwz.f [k;o;
x>.foG 0gtzs>.f 2000t*h>fe.f
oh.fngb.f e.fvDR$
o0Dzdwz.f wl>fb.f0J y
,DRok; tw>fr>ql.fr>qd;ud;eHR'J;
tCd v>cHwl>fcD.f0JwuJv>mfb.f
tCd [JwD.fzsgxD.fw>f*h>fql ch.ftJ.f
,l.fttd.ft *h>f e.fch.ftJ.f,l.f cs>.f
vHG>fxl.fuD>f&h.fcd.f y'd.feJxlyFJpH;0J
vDR$
cs>.fv>HG fxl.fuD>f&h.f ylRe.f
v>ngtylRuHmG f ySRo0Dzdwz.f uG>f
q>.frJmfb.f y,DRok; tw>fr>ql.f
'fe.fod; td.f0JxDbde.fvDR$
b.fx'GJ ;D w>f*>h t
f RH e.f ch.f
tJ.f,l.f eJ.f&J.G foCJR (1)ok;cd.f'd.fzd
pDRv;iG.fpH;0J y,DRy'd.ftHR w>frh
yd>fxD.fwylRv>fv>fe.f wJ0Jv> ch.f
tJ.f,l.fvDR$ y,DRy'd.f tw>fvdmf
uGD>fv> tcDynDwtd.fb.f'ftHRe.f
y0Jch.ftJ.f,l.f wue.fxJb
G .fvDR$
w>frh>fw>fwDe. f urs>>fwz.f uoh.f
ng0JvDR$ t*h>f pH;0Je.fvDR$
'fe.ftod; zJtylRuHGmf
vg,lR 12oDteHRe.f v>y,DRy'd.f
tw>fupD.ftylR ymfzsgph>fuD;0J
rh.fyd>fyd>fz;xD.fzJ e>fyFH.f'D.f (Z.fbl.frR
oH.f&H.fuD>fq.f/ rFd.fr.fzFg w>f[;
vD>ftcgph>fuD; vdmfuD>G f0Jv> ch.ftJ.f
,l.ftySR vJRrRyd>fz;xD.fe.f vDR$
ok;rDRpd&dRul.fw&H;
u'k;th.fvd.funD'H;
unDuvkmfwu;b.f
uD>fy,DRuvkmf'l.ftg
wb.fuG>fvDRxJeo;
uG>fw&H;uyR0;0;
'k.f'gtd.f0;o&H;eR
ul.foHeRud;eHRud;eR
rRwh>fvHeH.fv>u,R
w>fqDwvJwtd.fb.f
w>foHw>fyS>ftd.ftgr;
rJmfxHvDRwuw>>f'H;
uvkyf'l.fymfxD.fxDo;
rRxJeD>fup>f*H>fbg
eH.fv>u,R,Hmfb.fq.f
w>frkmfw>fck.fwtd.fb.f
uvkmf'l.fymfzSd.fxD.fp;
uD>f0;0;usdyd.fxD.fuG>f
w,HmfxJv>weH.fb.f
w>fqDwvJ euxH.fb.f
v>=pDRu.f0h (uGJRuvk>f)
ySRzD.fpku0JRzd oh.fwz.f
e.f teD.f*H>f utd.fv> t*R 100
bsJ.f'D; Chql.fChqd;0J wrh>fb.f
b.fq.f cDzsdv> tpdmf0J w>fpku0JR
tCd ysHRb.f'D; b.f[h.f0J 'ft0Joh.f
Ch0Jtod;t*h>fe.f ySReDodvh.fzdw
*Re.f pH;0Je.fvDR$
Chql.f0Jwrh>fb.fw
rh>f tChql.f0Jb.f/ oemfuh cDzsdv>
tpd m f 0 J w>f p k u 0J R tCd
yb.f[h.fvDR$ phrh>ftd.f 1u v;e.f
[h.f1uv;/phrh>ftd.f 3u v;e.f
[h . f 3 uv;vD R $
y0J y S R u
rs>>fzdwz.f'k b.fwl>f0Jw>fv> w>f
'h.fp>RvDR$ y,DRok;wyRemfuhCh/
ySRw>fcs>wz.femfuhCh/ ,HmfbsDe.f
yzH;tD.frRw>fw oheDwrHR v>R
b.ft*h>f pH;0Je.fvDR$
uD>fy,DR w>f'k;w>f,R
,Hmfwh>fvHeH.f v>u,R
urs>>fzdv>tuv;
rJmfxHvDRud;eHRud;eR
uvkmf'l.fEH'G l.ftusg
-u>;vHv>ymfzSd.fxD.fo;
ymfzSd.fxD.fo;rRpguG>f
ok;rDRpd&dRtd.fuoh{g
vg,lR 24oD/
pDRohrFH; (ch.ftJ;pH.f)
zJrF.f0wH.f'D; uD;u&H;
odvh.fusJRe.f ySRzD.fpku0JRzdv> w>f
wohngtDRw'l.f zJr[gu>R t
eHRe.f EkmfvDRx>ph v>ySReDodvh.fzd
wz.fttd.f t*h>fe.f ySReDodvh.fzd
zJe.fwz.f pH;0Je.fvDR$
ySReDodvh.fzd zJrF.f0wH.f
'D; uD;u&H;odvh.fusJ w*RpH;0J
r[gu>RteHRe.f b.fv> uguhR
vDRtrk>feHRvDR$ b.fzJ 12e.f&H.fC.f
C.fe.f ySRw>fcs>w'l.f Chphv> ySR
eDodvh.fzdwz.fttd.fvDR$ uG>f0Jv>
ugtuvkmftzDcd.f'D; Ch0Jph 2u
v;wkR 1uvD>fvDR$ odvh.fv> t
uhRymfp>Rv> *DRcDoh.fwz.fe.f ylR
uHmG f0Jw>fx>phtHRvDRt*h>f pH;0Je. f
vDR$
ymfzOSd xDOo;r$:pguIG
b.fxJG'D;w>f*h>ftHRe.f
unD'Duvkmfp>zSD.fu&> (ch.ftJ.f
,l.f) ok;uh (6)ok;usdRcd.f ok;cd.fpd
pDRv;rhpH;0J w>ft0Je.f wrh>fyySR
b.fe.f ywJoh vDR$ ySR*Rt*h>fe.f
,wtJ.f'd; wJb.ft*h>f pH;0Je.f
vDR$
unDw>upD.w>y&X/vg,lR/2011eH./ubsH;yR=6
u'k;cDOqUuh: 0hIwI'k;t*DI
y,D:y'dOok; u[hOtok;wIodOvd
vg,lR20oD/
pDRcgqlng (ch.ftJ;pH.f)
v>u'k;cD.fq>uhR 0h>f
w>f'k;t*D>f y,DRy'd.fok; u[h.ft
ok;cd.f,DR 85*R ok;w>fod.fvd w
cgzJ weDo&H.fuD>fcD/ rFh.fuD>f&h.f/
yvDuD>fq.f/ yFHRcFRok;w>frRvduFd
p;xD.fzJ vg,lR 25oD wkRv> vg
tDulmf 30oDt*h>fe.f oh.fngb.f
e.fvDR$
w>furR0h>fw>f'k;t*D>f
zJtylRuHmG f vgr;&S;eh.f unDbl;';
ok;rk>f'd.f('H.fch.fbH.fth.f) xk;xD.f
bd;b.f &RvDR0JvHmfymfzsgwbh.f 0HR
tvD>fcH y,DRy'd.fok;tHR up;xD.f
[h.f0J ok;cd.f,DR=1 (25)*R'D; ok;
cd.f,DR=2 (70)*R ok;w>fod.fvd
'ftRH vDRe.t
f *h>f ySRv>ttd.f bl;'D;
y,DRy'd.fok;w*R pH;0Je.fvDR$
weDo&H.fuD>fcDe.f y>
qS>&J.fusJRok;0JRvD>fcd.foh.f=puc
(8)/ (13)/ (20)wz.f pk'.k w
f RD zDvmf
bk&m;oHk;qla'ocHrsm; axmufcHpma&;+yD;rS
tvkyfoGm;cGihf&
Photo-KIC
ZGev
f 17&uf?
apmodef;jrihf (autdkifpD)
u&if j ynf e ,f / =um
tif;qdyf}uD;rde,f/ bk&m;oHk;ql
rd&Sd &Gmol&mG om;rsm;onf ,ae@
rSpI tvkycf iG o
f @kd omG ;ygu ouf
qd k i f & mtm%myd k i f r sm;xH w G i f
oGm;vmae&jcif;jzpfonf[k bk
&m;oH;k qlrdwGif aexdik o
f nfh &m
bm+cHyikd &f iS w
f pfO;D u ajymonf?
if ; u 'D a e@up+yD ;
awmh b,forl qdk ud,
k +hf cH/ ud,
k hf
tvkyfcGifoGm;vdk@&Sd&if axmufcH
pmvufrSwf t&ifa&;&w,f? A
rmwyf z uf v nf ; a&;&w,f ?
u&if p pf o m;zuf v nf ; a&;&
w,f? tcktjyifxu
G v
f @kd odyrf &J
=ubl;?[k ajymonf?
xd@k tjyif vuf&t
dS csed f
Y bk&m;oH;k qlrd wGif jynforl sm;.
0ifxu
G o
f mG ;vmr_ukd ppfwyfrS ppf
aq;r_rsm; ydkrdkvkyfaqmifv#uf&Sd
onf[k rdcHrsm;u ajymonf?
xdkif;ESihf jrefrmESpfEdkifiH
e,fpyf&dS bk&m;oH;k qlrdwGif ,ck
ESpftwGif; AHk;aygufuGJr_rsm;ESihf
vufeufudkifwyfzGJ@rsm; ypfcwfr_
rsm; r=umc% jzpfyGm;v#uf&Sd
onf?
bk&m;oHk;qla'owGif
tpkd;&ppfwyf ppfuGyfuJa&;Xme
csKyf - puc(19)vuf a tmuf c H
cr&(563)wyf&if;ESihf wdkif;wyf
cv&(284)wd@k vy_ &f mS ;ovdk u&if
trsKd;om;vGwfajrmufa&; wyfr
awmf ( autJ e f t ,f v f a t)ES i h f
wd;k wufaomAk'b
< mom u&ift
rsKd;om;wyfrawmf('DaubDat)
wdk@ v_yf&Sm;v#uf&Sdonf?
Photo-KIC
armif ; wJ h v l a wG v nf ; &S d w ,f ?
awmf=um ypfwmrxdbJ um;/ qdik f
u,ftcsi;f csi;f wdu
k rf +d yD; xdcu
kd rf _
jzpfrmS awmif pd;k &dr&f w,f?[k qdk
onf?
rD;avmifcH&onfh ae
tdrf.ydkif&SifrSm qD/ "mwfqDwdk@/
ZGefv/
2011 ckESpf?
pmrsufESm 9
e,fu,
kd pf m;vS,f tcsi;f csi;f awG
bmvkyf=urvJqdkwJh a&Svkyfief;
pOfawG csrw
S o
f mG ;w,f?[k ajym
qdkonf?
ENC .tqdyk g xkwf
jyefcsufwGif ,ckESpf/ azazmf0g&D
vY topfjyefvnfz@JG pnf;cJo
h nfh
nD!$wfaom wdkif;&if;om;vlrsKd;
rsm; zuf'&,faumifpD (UNFC)
. EdkifiHa&;jy\emudk EdkifiHa&;
enf;jzihf ajz&Sif;a&;tjyif &Srf;
jynfwyfrawmf ajrmufydkif;ESihf
awmifydkif;wdk@ jyefvnfaygif;pnf;
+yD; &Sr;f vlxt
k m; umuG,jf cif;t
ay: ud q d k a =umif ; azmf j yyg&S d
onf?
xd@k tjyif tpd;k &ausmif;
rsm;wGif wdkif;&if;om;bmom&yf
rsm;udk w&m;0ifoifcGihf&&ef rGef
a'ovHk;qdkif&m 'Drdkua&pDygwD
(AMRDP) / zvH k - pa0:'D r d k u
&ufwpfygw(D PSDP)/ &cdkiftrsKd;
om;zGH@zd;wdk;wufa&;ygwD(AND
P)ESihf &Srf;trsKd;om;rsm; 'Drdku
&ufwpfygwD(SNDP)wdk@ wifjy
awmif ; qd k x m;csuf u d k ud q d k
k nf?
a=umif; ENC u qdo
tvm;wl yif v H k p d w f
"gwft& wdkif;&if;om;rsm;tcsif;
csi;f ,H=k unfrE_ iS fh pnf;vH;k nD!w
G f
r_wnfaqmufomG ;rnfh orRwOD;
od e f ; pd e f . qEN u d k v nf ; ud q d k
a=umif; a=unmcsuw
f iG f azmfjy
xm;onf?
,ck yvkyf+yD;pD;cJhonfh
ENC . 6}udrfajrmuf nDvmcH
wGif OuUXtjzpf y'dak pmuG,x
f ;l /
taxG a xG t wG i f ; a&;rS L ;tjzpf
a'gufwma&$cg;ESihf wGJzuftaxG
axGtwGif;a&;rSL;tjzpf Edkifu
aqmh r G e f w d k @ tm; a&G ; cs,f w if
ajrmufcJh=uonf?
oG,far;jref;&m autJef,l wGJ
zuftwGi;f a&;rSL; (1) Adv
k rf LS ;apm
vSaiGu vlxkawGu olwdk@od
wJh=um;wJhtwdki;f awmh ajymrSmyg
yJ ? 'gayrJ h usaemf w d k @ buf u
vnf; tJ'aD 'oqdik &f m wyfawG&@J
yHkrSef odk@r[kwf wdkufkduf odk@r
[kwf ta&;ay:qufoG,fr_r&Sd
ao;bJeJ@awmh u&ifwyfuygvdk@
ajym&rSmawmh cufygw,f?[k
ajymonf?
+yD;cJo
h nfh ZGev
f 5&uf
ae@wiG v
f nf; bk&m;oH;k qlrd p&z
kH;ESihf rdvnf"rRmkHudk trnfr
od vufeufudkufwpfzGJ@wpfckrSm
vufeufi,frsm;/ AHk;rsm;ESihf0if
a&mufypfazmufc&hJ m uav;i,f
1OD;aoqHk;+yD; 3OD;xdckduf'%f&m
&&SdcJhonf?
wd&p
d m> efrsm;vnf; cspfou
l dk yef;ay;a=umif;
"mwfyr
Hk w
S w
f rf;u azmfjy
ZGefv 19&uf/ 2011?
auG;+rDjy\emeJ@ Oa&my
Eki
d i
f aH wGudk wkwu
f r
l ,f
aq;kHwkHay:rSm&SdwJh
wGwfpDvlrsKd;awGukd zrf;qD;okwf
oifcw
hJ hJ jzpf&yfwcke@J ywfouf+yD;
tJ ' D t jzpf t ysuf r S m touf r
aobJ use&f pfow
l a,mufu w
f dk
&m;k;H rSm oufaotjzpf xGuq
cJhygw,f?
usrwk d @ yk e f ; aewJ h
aq;ku
H dk ay:vif;eJ@o@l om; &SveG ;f
wkd@u ypfrSwfxm;cJh=uygw,f?
tJ ' D a e@u &S v G e f ; u um;eJ @
a&mufvm+yD; ac:xkwrf ,fo
h al wG
ukd a&G;ygw,f? usru acgif;rSm
t0wfe@J tkyx
f m;vk@d vGwo
f mG ;cJh
ygw,f? usrukb
d ,fou
l rSvnf;
owdrxm;rd=uygbl;?
usreJ @ wjcm;w
a,mufuvGJ+yD; usefwJhvlaygif;
2000avmufudk olw@dk ac:oGm;
cJhygw,f?
tm;vk H ; uk d um;ay:
wif+yD;wJhtcsdefrSm ay:vif;eJ@ a'
otm%mykdifawG a&mufvm=u
+yD; ay:vif;u tm;vk;H ukd &Si;f ypf
vkdufvkd@ ajymygw,f?
ay:vif;[m owfjzwf
r_awGomru t"rRyusifhr_awG
u&ifowif;pOf/
ZGefv/
2011 ckESpf?
,Sufjzpfapwmukd rpPwm0rfu
tod t rS w f y ajym=um;cJ h + yD ;
wkwfEkdifiHwGif; 0,fvkdtm;ukd
jrSiw
hf ifum oGi;f ukeyf o
dk iG ;f zk@d ud;
pm;cJha=umif;vnf; olu qkdyg
w,f?
bmrif * ef rd @ u armf
awmfum;xkwfvkyfwJh pufkHrSm
rpPwm0rf oGm;a&muf=unfh_ae
wke;f puft
Hk jyifbufrmS wkwf
tpkd;& axmufcHolawGuwzuf/
tpk;d &&J@ vl@tcGit
hf a&; csK;d azmuf
r_awGudk qef@usio
f al wGu wzuf
tvHawG udik af qmifa0S@,rf; qEN
jycJh=uygw,f?
tki
d af 0a0tay:
uef@owfcsuf topfawG
&0rf'g 0ef}uD;a[mif;trsKd;orD;
axmif'%fwoufus
ZGefv/ 24/ 2011? (bDbDpD)
&0rf'grSm vlrsKd;wkef;
owfjzwfr_eJ@ tjypf&Sda=umif; y
xrqkH; trsKd;orD;wOD;ukd pD&if
csucf scyhJ g+yD? oluawmh trsK;d o
rD;eJ@ rdom;pka&;&m 0ef}uD;a[mif;
Pauline Nyiramasuhuk yg?
&0rf'gqidk &f m Ekid if w
H
um &mZ0wf r _ c k H k H ; u ol [ m
1994ckESpf wGwfpDeJ@ [lwlvlrsKd;
pmrsufESm 10
qufoG,fa&; uGef,ufwGpfwm
ukv
d J ok;H cGirhf &Sb
d ;l vk@d od&ygw,f?
tkdifa0a0&J@ wGpfwm
pmrsufESmuvnf; olzrf;cH&wJh
{+yDvuwnf;u &yfaecJw
h m jzpf
ygw,f?
'Dvdk uef@owfra_ wGudk
=unf&h if wkwt
f pk;d &[m tkid af 0
a0ukd pD;yGm;a&;jypfr_awGeJ@ xdef;
odr;f cJw
h ,fqw
dk m [kw&f @J vm;vk@d
owif;orm;awGu ar;cGe;f xkwf
ae=uygw,f?
tEkynm&Sif tkid af 0a0
[m tpkd;&ukd a0zef&mrSm xif
&Sm;olwa,mufvnf;jzpfygw,f?
tmz*efu aq;kw
H ck
Ak;H cGw
J u
dk cf u
dk cf &
H
urBmh tcufcq
J ;kH wm0efukd befur
D e
G ;f u
qufvuf wm0ef,c
l i
G &
fh
(AFP)
ukvor*~twGif;a&;
rS L ;csKyf bef u D r G e f t m; 'k w d ,
ouf w rf ; quf v uf w m0ef , l
&ef ZGefv 21&ufae@wGif ukv
or*~u wnDw!$wfwnf; aG;
cs,cf +Jh yD; urBmay:&So
d bm0 ab;
tE W&m,frsm;ESifh EdkifiHa&;ydyuQ
rsm; jzpfyGm;cJhonfh umvrsm;t
wGi;f ud;yrf;cJo
h nfh if;.aqmif
&Gucf surf sm; jzpfymG ;cJo
h nfu
h mv
rsm;twGif; ud;yrf;cJhonfhif;.
aqmif&Gufcsufrsm;udk tiftm;
}uD;Edik if rH sm;u cs;D usL;ajymqdck =hJ u
onf?
tzG@J 0ifEikd if H 192Edik if H yg
0ifonfh ukvor*~ taxGaxGnD
vmcH w G i f 67ES p f & S d + yD ; jzpf o nf h
awmifudk&D;,m;EdkifiHjcm;a&;0ef
}uD;a[mif;befurD eG ;f udk wpfceJ uf
=obmay;cJ=h uonf? if;. ukv
or*~twGif;a&;rSL; 'kwd,ouf
wrf;rSm 2012ckESpf/ Zefe0g&Dv
1&ufaewGif pwif+yD; 2016ckEpS f
txdjzpfonf? befurD eG ;f twGi;f
a&;rSL;csKyfae&mudk ,SOf ydit
f a&G;cH
&ef +yD;cJo
h nfEh pS yf wfwiG f a=unm
cJh+yD;if;tm; ukvor*~vkHcHa&;
aumifpu
D ZGev
f 17&ufaewGif
w&m;0ifaxmufccH o
hJ nf? twGi;f
a&;rSL;csKyftjzpf if;wm0ef,lae
pOfumvtwGi;f ukvor*~onf
a[wD/ ygupPwefESifh jrefrmEdkifiH
wdk wGif uHc&hJ onfh obm0ab;
tE W&m,frsm;ESifh tmz&duESifh
tm&yfEdkifiHrsm;&Sd tkyfpdk;olrsm;udk
qefusifonfh vlxktHkuGr_rsm;
ES i f h y wf o uf + yD ; ajz&S i f ; ay;cJ h &
onf? awmifu&kd ;D ,m;Edik if jH cm;a&;
0ef}uD; uifqeG [
f rG f ukvor*~
twG i f ; a&;rS L ;csKyf w m0ef o nf
urBmay:wGiftcuftcJqHk;aom
wm0ef w pf & yf j zpf o nf [k t
axGaxG nDvmcHwiG f ajym=um;cJh
onf?
odk aomf befurD eG ;f 'k
wd,t}udrf a&G;cs,fcH&onfht
wGuf if;.EdkifiH*k%fudk wufap
onf[k qdkonf? 'Dwm0efu
b,favmuf cufcJvJqdkwmudk
olxuf b,forl yS +kd yD; em;rvnf
=uygb;l ? ol 'Dwm0efukd quf,l
csifpdwf&SdwJhtwGuf oludku|efr
wdk tar&dueftpdk;&u aus;Zl;
if ; .yxroufw rf ;
ig;ESpt
f wGi;f uHawGcJ&h onfh &m
oDOwkajymif;vJrt
_ a&;/ EsLuvD;
,m;vufeufzsuo
f rd ;f a&;ESihf t
a&Stv,fyikd ;f a'o +idr;f csr;f r_&&Sd
a&;ud k OD ; pm;ay;a&S wef ; wif
aqmif&Gufrnfjzpfa=umif;/ puf
wifbmvwGif jyKvkyfrnfh ukv
or*~taxGaxG nDvmcHESpfywf
vnftpnf;ta0;wGif tqdyk g t
a&;rsm;ESifhywfouf+yD; w&m;0if
OD;pm;ay; owfrw
S af y;rnf[k qdk
onf?
uefuGufqENjyr_rsm;
ESihf uHawG ah e&onfh tm&yfEikd if H
acgif ; aqmif r sm;ta&;ES i f h ywf
ouf+yD; tkyfpdk;olrsm;udk yGifhyGihf
vif;vif; a0zefajym=um;cJ+h yD; if;
udkvnf; vl@tcGifha&;tzGJ@tcsdK@
ua0zef x m;a=umif ; / tm&yf
urBmwGif ESpaf ygi;f rsm;pGm tkypf ;kd cJh
onfh tkyfpdk;olrsm;udk uef@uGuf
=uonf h o l r sm;buf r S &yf w nf
ay;rnfjzpfa=umif;vnf; befu
ajym=um;cJhonf?
xdk t
h jyif befonf qD;
&D;,m;Edik if o
H rRw bm&Smt,fvf
tmqwftm; yjyifajymif;vJr_
rsm;udk tvsiftjref aqmif&Guf
&efESifh a'owGif;&Sd tjcm;acgif;
aqmifrsm;udv
k nf; jynforl sm;.
w&m;0if awmif;qdkr_rsm;udk em;
axmif&ef wdkufwGef;cJhonf?
vpfAsm;ESifh qD;&D;,m;
Edik if t
H a&;ESihf ywfoufonfh if;
.wufuGonfh oabmxm;ESifh
oD & d v uF m ppf w yf . wrD ; vf c G J
xGufa&;tzGJ@tay: usL;vGerf _ESifh
ywfouf+yD; pHpk rf;ppfaq;a&;tzG@J
hw&yfudk arwWm&yfcHxm;jcif;t
ay: w&kwEf ikd if EH iS hf &k&mS ;Edik if w
H u
hkd
pdww
f ikd ;f rus=uay? od@k aomf vHk
+cKHa&;aumifpD t+rJwrf;tzGJ@0if
EdkifiHrsm;jzpfonfh w&kwf/ &k&Sm;/
tar&duef/ jyifopfEiS fh +Adwed Ef ikd if H
wdk@u ADwdktm%moHk;+yD; if;.
'kwd,oufwrf;udk ruef@uGuf
Edkifatmif befu pGJaqmifEdkifcJh
onf? odk@aomf jrefrmEdkifiHESihf
w&kwfEdkifiHwdk@wGif if;ud;yrf;r_
rsm;u if ; ud k tcuf a wG @ apcJ h
onf?
Ed0k ifbmvwGif w&kwf
Edik if w
H rRw [lusiaf xmifEiS fh awG@
qH k a qG ; aEG ; pOf Ed k b ,f q k & vsL
a&Smufydkudk xdef;odrf;xm;jcif;ESifh
ywfouf+yD; atmifjrifatmif r
aqG;aEG;cJhonfhtwGuf vl@tcGifh
ta&;tzGJ rh sm;. a0zefjcif;udck cH hJ
&onf? bef. 'kwd,oufwrf;
rSm ydkrdkcufcJonf[k qdk=uaomf
vnf ; bef u usaemf u t
bufbufu +yD;jynfhpHkwJhvlwpf
OD;awmh r[kwfygbl;? vlwdkif;rSm
tm;omcsuf/ tm;enf;csuf&dpS +rJ
yg? usaemf&J t
h m;enf;csuaf wGukd
cifAsm;wdk &h J t
h odawG/ taxmuf
tyHah wGeJ jh znfv
h @kd &rSmyg?[kajym
=um;cJhonf?
xufrsm;ae+yD; 2009ckEpS w
f ek ;f u
wyfawGapv$wcf w
hJ ahJ emufyidk ;f rpP
wmtkb
d m;rm;taeeJ@ wmvDbef
awG t,fuidk ;f 'g;awGudk ESrd ef if;r_
rSm vkaH vmufwhJ wk;d wufra_ wG&dS
ae+yD;vk@d ,k=H unfaea=umif;ukd 'D
wyfkwfodrf;r_u jyaew,fvkd@
u&ifowif;pOf/
ZGefv/
awmifwkwy
f ifv,fjy\em
tar&duefbufvu
dk r
f nfr[kwf
tmz*efutar&duefwyfawG kwo
f r
d ;f awmhr,f
2011 ckESpf?
pmrsufESm 11
tmz*ef p pf o m;awG
[m tysuftqD;awG atmufrSm
touf&Sifusef&pfolawG &Sdvkd&Sd
jim; &SmazGae=uygw,f?
wmvD b ef a wG u
awmh tckvt
dk &yfom;awGudk ypf
rSwfxm;+yD; wkdufckdufwmrsKd;ol
wk@d rvkyb
f ;l vk@d jiif;qkyd gw,f?
tmz*ef axmufvSrf;
a&;t&m&Sad wG tajymt&/ wku
d f
ckdufr_[m aq;kHukdypfrSwfxm;
wm r[kwfEkdifa=umif;/ 'gayr,fh
&Ju vku
d w
f t
hJ csed rf mS taocH Ak;H cGJ
orm;[m ol @ um;uk d a zmuf c G J
vkdufwmvkd@ qkdygw,f?
tar&d u ef j ynf
axmifpktaeeJ@ rD;avmif&mav
yifh rvkyfvkdwJhta=umif;/ 'De,f
ajrtwGif;rSm +idrf;at;r_eJ@ wnf
+idrrf u
_ dk tav;teuf xde;f odr;f
xm;vkad =umif; rpPwmurfyh b
f v
J f
u ajym=um;ygw,f?
tar&d u ef j ynf e ,f
wckjzpfwJh [m0kdif,DrSm rpPwm
urfyh b
f v
J u
f wkwf 'kw,
d Ekid if H
jcm;a&;0ef}uD; uGDusef*kdif; (Cui
Tiankai)eJ@ paeae@rmS awG@qzHk @dk
&Sdygw,f?
awmifwkwfyifv,f
xJu wkwyf idk u
f |e;f awG&@J ykid q
f idk f
r_awGuq
dk ef@usif awmif;qkad ewJh
Ekid if aH wG[m rD;eJ@upm;ae=uwm
yJv@dk rpPwmuDu
G se*f idk ;f u ajymcJyh g
w,f?
tar&d u ef t aeeJ @
qef@usifbuftaetxm;rSm &Sd
aerSmr[kwb
f ;l vk@d ar#mv
f ifw
h t
hJ
a=umif;vnf; rpPwmuGDu ajym
=um;cJhygw,f?
azmufc/JG ypfcwfrr
_ sm;a=umihf bk&m;oH;k qlwi
G f
ppfaq;a&; ydr
k w
kd if;=uyfxm;
ZGefv 21&uf? (autdkifpD)
bk&m;oHk;ql+rdK@ay:wGif
AH;k ayguu
f rJG E_ iS fh wdu
k cf u
kd rf _ r=um
c% jzpfyGm;cJh+yD;aemuf ppfwyfrS
vH+k cHKa&; wd;k cs@J xm;ko
H mrum ,
refae@ eHeufrpS I ppfaq;r_rsm;yg
ydrk w
kd if;=uyfxm;a=umif; +rdK@crH sm;
u ajymonf?
rae@reufuaep+yD;
awmh ppfaq;r_awG wif;=uyfvm
w,f? vrf;oG,v
f rf;=um;utp
ppfom;awG}uD;yJ? um;awG/ qdkif
u,fawG tukefppfw,f? vrf;
oGm;vmaewkef; rouFmolawG
udak wG@&if ac:,lppfaq;+yD; tcsK@d
udk jyefvw
$ af y;vku
d w
f m&Sad yrJh t
csKd@udkawmh acwWc% xdef;odrf;
xm;wmvnf;&Sdw,f?[k +rdK@cH
wpfO;D u ajymonf?
,if;odk@ ppfaq;r_rsm;
udk ppfwyfrS vkyaf qmifjcif;jzpf+yD;
tcsed t
f m;jzihf reufyikd ;f rSpI n
yd k i f ; 11em&D t xd j zpf a =umif ;
vnf; tqdkyg+rdK@cHrsm;u ajymqdk
ae=uonf?
oluyif tck tawmfh
udk tppftaq;vkyaf ew,f? qdik f
u,fawGudk azmufcGJypPnf; &Sdr&Sd
=unf+h yD;rS ay;oGm;w,f? ppfaq;
wJhae&mawGuawmh vrf;oG,f
vrf;=um;tukefvHk;ygyJ? ppfaq;
wmu ,leaD zmif;0wfxm;wJh ppf
om;awGcsnf;yJ?[k qufvuf
ajymqdkonf?
bk&m;oHk;ql+rdK@wGif t
=um;jzwfa&G;aumufyw
JG i
G f
rGey
f gwDu wpfae&mom
0ifydir
f nf
ZGev
f 2&uf?(autdik pf )D
=um;jzwfa&G;aumuf
yGt
J wGuf rGeaf 'ovH;k qdik &f m 'Drkd
ua&pDygwDu wpfae&mom 0if
a&muf ta&G;cH&ef jyifqifxm;
v#u&f adS =umif; rGeaf 'ovH;k qdik &f m
'Drdkua&pDygwDu ajymonf?
=um;jzwfa&G;aumufyGJ
usi;f yrnfh &uftwdtusukd a&G;
aumufyaJG umfr&Siu
f w&m;0if r
a=ujimao;onf h t wG u f 0if
a&mufta&G;cHrnfh ygwDawGu
jyifqifra_ wG yvkyx
f m;=u+yD;jzpf
onf?
=um;jzwfa&G;aumufyJG
0ifr,f/ [kwfw,f? wpfae&myJ
0ifr,f? trsm;}uD;awmh r0ifEdkif
bl;? 0ifz@kd vnf; aiGa=u;rwwfEikd f
bl;? wpfae&myJ0ifr,f tJ'Dae
&mu }uHzh @HG uae vpfvyfomG ;wJh
ae&mrSm jzpfw,f?[k rGefa'o
0ifa&muf,SOfydifrnfjzpfonf?
rGeaf 'ovH;k qdik &f m 'Drkd
ua&pDygwt
D aeESifh =um;jzwfa&G;
aumufyGJtwGuf pnf;kH;a&;vkyf
ief;rsm;tygt0if vdt
k yfonfh ud
wifjyifqifr_rsm;vnf; yvkyfae
+yD;jzpfonf?
arv 31&ufae@rS ZGef
v 1&ufae@txd nDaemifwikd ;f
&if;om; 5ygwD tpnf;ta0;Y
vnf; =um;jzwfa&G;aumufyGJESihf
ywfoufI t"du ta=umif;t
&mwpf c k t jzpf aqG ; aEG ; cJ h = u
a=umif; od&onf?
xdktpnf;ta0;t+yD;
wGif nDaemifwikd ;f &if;om; 5ygwrD S
xkwfjyefvdkufonfh oabmxm;
xkwjf yefcsu.
f eHygww
f pfwiG f r
=umcifrSm yvkyfrnfh =um;jzwf
a&G ; aumuf y G J E S i h f tem*wf a &G ;
aumufyGJrsm;wGif nDaemifygwD
u&ifyl;aygif;wyfzGJ@[k jr0wDrdcH
rsm;u ajymqd k = uaomf v nf ;
awmifay:um;vrf;wGif oGm;vmaeonfh um;i,frsm;
u&iftrsKd;om;vGwfajrmufa&;
wyfrawmf (KNLA)rS tv,f
u&ifwyfzGJ@eJ@ tpkd;&wyfwdk@ }uD; r,fh olu qdkifu,farmif;xGuf wHwm;OD;wGif aexdik o
f nfh rGwq
f
wef;t&m&SdwpfOD;u 'Dae@ppf
}uD;us,fus,f wdkufyGJjzpfw,f? oG m ;awmh ppf w yf u ypf o wf vifvrl sK;d wOD;jzpf+yD; aumhu&dwf wyfukd 0ifypfcwfwmuawmh us
tJ'rD mS aumhu&dwu
f qdik u
f ,f vd k u f w ,f v d k @ rsuf j rif a wG u -jr0wDum;vrf;wGif qdkifu,f aemf w d k @ =um;ygw,f ? 'gayr,f h
wuUpo
D rm; 1a,muf aooGm; ajymw,f?[k ajymonf?
wuUpD yHrk eS f ajy;qGaJ eoljzpfonf? b,fo@l tzG@J vq
J w
kd muawmh t
w,f? wdkufyGJjzpfyGm;wJhtcsdefrSm
ypfcwfr_twGif; ao
tqd k y g ypf c wf r _ w G i f ao;pdwf bmrSrod&ao;bl;?[k
rjzwfoGm;zdk@ ppfwyfu wm;ay qH;k oGm;cJo
h o
l nf aumhu&dwf rd/ Ad k v f r S L ;ausmf o uf OD ; pD ; onf h qdkonf?
e,f j cm;apmih f w yf
vufrcHcJhonfh AdkvfrSL;csKyfapm
vm;yG,f OD;pD;aom 'DaubDat
wyfzGJ@rS AdkvfrSL;apmausmfouf
onf vuf&SdtcsdefwGif aumhu
&d w f rd ES i h f jr0wD - aumh u &d w f
um;vrf;wGif tpd;k &ppfwyfukd r
=umc% ypfcwfwdkufcdkufavh&Sd
onf?
Photo-KIC
[k +rdK@cHtrsKd;orD;wpfOD;u ajym
onf?
bk&m;oHk;ql+rdK@ay:wGif
AH;k awG@&rdS /_ AH;k ayguu
f rJG E_ iS fh ypfcwf
r_jy\emrsm; r=umc% jzpfay:
aecJo
h nfhtwGuf tm%mydkifrsm;
taejzihf ,ckvkd ppfaq;&jcif;jzpf
ovdk aemufxyf ypfcwfazmufcJG
r_rsm; xyf&v
dS mEdik o
f nf[k aum
v[vowif;rsm; xGufay:ae
ojzihf tm%mydkifrsm;u ,ckvdk
ppfaq;r_yg wif;=uyfvmjcif;jzpf
a=umif; ppfwyfEiS fh eD;pyfonfh t
odik ;f t0dik ;f u ajymqdak e=uonf?
vuf & S d t csd e f w G i f bk
&m;oHk;ql+rdK@ay:ESihf +rdK@tjyifbuf
Photo-KIC
u&ifowif;pOf/
ZGefv/
2011 ckESpf?
pmrsufESm 12
rsm;onf arvaemufqHk;ywfrS
pIyl;aygif;csdwfqufum jrefrm
tpdk;&wyfudk jyefvnfwdkufcdkuf
&ef toihfjzpfae+yD;[k KNLA
wyfr[m (7)u xkwaf zmfajymqdk
onf?
KNLA wyfr[m(7)
rSL; Adv
k rf LS ;csKyfapma*smef u
D e,f
jcm;apmihf(1012)u Adkvfbd OD;
aqmif+yD;awmh rdif}uD;ilrSm&SdwJh
BGF wyf&if; 4&if;eJ@ usaemfw@kd
wyf r [m(7)u wyf & if ; tcsKd
csd w f q uf r d a eyg+yD ; ? wyd i f e uf
wnf;rSmyJ ppfa&;udkjyifqifxm;
+yD; jrefrmppfwyfbufu pwdkuf
vmw,fqdkwmeJ@ jyefwdkufzdk@u
usaemf w d k @ awG toih f t aet
xm;rSm &Sad eygw,f? [k autdik f
pD udak jymonf?
KNLA wyfrsm;ESihf
csw
d q
f ufro
d nfh BGF wyfrsm;rSm
wyf&if;trSwf (1011)/ (1012)/
(1013)ESihf (1014)wdk@jzpf=u+yD;
if;wd@k tm; (1012). wyf&if;rSL;
wyf&if;rSL; Adv
k rf LS ;apmbdu OD;pD;
um vuf&SdtcsdefwGif ppfonf
tiftm;aygi;f wpfaxmifausmf &Sd
ae+yD;jzpfa=umif; if;a'orS BGF
wyfrSL;wpfOD;. ajymjycsuft&
od&onf?
arv aemufq;kH ywfu
rdi}f uD;ila'owGif BGF wyfz@JG 0if
rsm;ESihf KNLA wyf&if;rsm; csw
d f
qufy;l aygi;f rdomG ;jcif;jzpfa=umif;
vnf; AdkvfrSL;csKyfapma*smfeDu
ajymonf?
BGF buf u awmh
wyf&if; 4&if;eJ@ usaemfw@kd bufu
wyf&if; (19)/ (21)eJ@ (22)wyf&if;
u wyfzGJ@0ifawG +yD;cJhwJh 24&uf
ae@aemufyikd ;f rSm tcsw
d t
f quf &
atem,u rdif}uD;ilq&mawmf
OD;okZeu u&ifjynfe,ftwGif;
od k @ jyef v nf uG a &muf o G m ;+yD ;
e,fjcm;apmihw
f yfrsm;udk 'DaubD
atwHqdyfajymif;vJwyfqif&ef
!$ef=um;cJhonf[k a'ocHrsm;u
ajymonf?
if ; tjyif BGF t
wG i f ; wif ; rmr_ a jyvnf & ef t
wGuf arv 31&ufae@u zm;tH
rd wG i f 'D a ubD a t t}uH a y;
yk*K~ v
d f 7OD;ESifh tpd;k &ppfwyfbufrS
AdkvfcsKyfarmifarmiftkef; tygt
0if wm0ef&o
dS rl sm; awG@qckH o
hJ nf
G f
[k ppfzufqikd &f m owif;&yfuu
t& od&onf?
tqd k y g ud p P E S i h f y wf
oufI jr0wDrde,f tajcpdkuf
BGF xdyyf ikd ;f t&m&Sw
d pfO;D udk au
tdik pf u
D qufo,
G af r;jref;&m if;
wd@k taejzihf rdi}f uD;ilupd u
P kd rod
&Sdyga=umif; jyefvnfajz=um;cJh
onf?
+yD ; cJ h o nf h arv 24
&ufae@u v_dif;bGJrde,f/ xDvHk
wGif BGF tcsi;f csi;f ypfcwfrr_ sm;
jzpfyGm;cJh+yD;aemuf 26&ufae@wGif
rd i f } uD ; il & S d BGFwyf z G J @ 0if r sm;
onf if;wd@k .e*drk &l if; DKBA wH
qdyfrsm;udk jyefvnf0wfqifum
xdyfydkif;acgif;aqmifwcsKdudk zrf;
qD;cJah =umif; owif;rsm; xGuaf y:
cJhonf?
aemufqHk;&&Sdonfh o
wif;t& ,refae@ (arv 1&uf
ae@)nuvnf; urarmif;aus;
&GmteD;&Sd jrefrmppfwyf. AsL[m
wpfcu
k kd BGF wyfzGJ@0iftcsKdu
ajymufusm;pepfjzihf a&Smifwcif
0ifa&mufwu
kd cf u
kd cf ahJ =umif; od&dS
&onf?
autdi
k af twyfe@J orRwOD;ode;f pdew
f yf
ylwmtdr
k mS wku
d y
f jJG zpfymG ;
(AD G t d k a t) ZG e f 23&uf ?
tck wdu
k yf JG qufvuf
jzpfymG ;aewJh ae&muawmh ucsif
jynfe,fajrmufydkif; ylwmtdkckdif
qGrb
f &mbGwf rvdcjrpfe@J c&efc
jrpf=um; rvdc&ef0avmifrmS jzpf
yGm;aejcif;jzpf+yD; jrefrmtpd;k &wyf
awGbufu tustqHk;&SdcJhw,f
vdk@ autdkiftdk A[dkaumfrwD0if
wGJzuftwGif;a&;rSL; OD;veefu
ajymygw,f?
autdkiftdk wyfr[m
(1)wyf&if; (7)e,fajrwGi;f wuf
vmcsd e f jref r mtpd k ; &wyf a wG
bufu xdcdkufoGm;jcif;jzpfw,f
vdk@ OD;veefu ucsifvdk ajymyg
w,f?
cv& 138 eJ@yg/ jref
rmtpd;k & wyfbufu wa,muf
aow,f/ 5a,muf '%f&m&yg
w,f? usaemfw@kd bufu bmrSr
jzpfygb;l ? jrefrmtpd;k &wyf&@J um;
wpD; ysupf ;D oGm;w,f? tck wdu
k f
yGjJ zpfaewJah e&mrSmawmh txdt
cdu
k b
f mrS rjzpfao;ygb;l ? tckjzpf
wmu qGryf &mbGrf wufvmwJh
vrf;rSm jzpfwmyg?
ucsijf ynfe,f teD;w
0dkufeJ@ &Srf;jynfe,fajrmufydkif;rSm
wdu
k yf aJG wG qufwu
kd q
f o
kd vdk jzpf
yGm;cJ+h yD; tck jzpfymG ;aewJah e&mrSm
ucsiftrsdK;orD;awG rk'r
d ;f usifc
h aH e&
RFA / ZGef 22&uf?
jrefrmppfwyfu ucsif
trsK;d orD;awGtay: t"rRjyKusihf
rSKawG qd;k qd;k 0g;0g;usL;vGeaf ewm
udk &yfwahH y;zdk h xdik ;f Edik if H tajcpdu
k f
KWAT ucsiftrsdK;orD;tzGJ@u
rae@u &ufpeJG @J a=unmcsuf w
apmifxkwfjyef+yD; awmif;qdkvdkuf
ygw,f?
jrefrmppfwyf[m au
tdik af t ucsiv
f ufeufuikd af wGe@J
wdkufyGJawGjzpfyGm;aewma=umifh
ucsifjynfe,fw0Srf;rSm trsdK;o
rD;awG rk'rd ;f yusichf &H wJh tajct
aeawGqdk;0g;vmaew,fvdk@ u
csif t rsd K ;orD ; rsm;tzG J @ u r
&S , f v D p d k i f ; u RFA ud k a jymyg
w,f?
ppfwyfoGm;vmaewJh
vrf;a=umif;wav#mufrSm jref
rmppf w yf u owf v d k u f j zwf
vdkuf/ a,musfm;av;awGudk ay:
wmqGJvdkuf/ trsdK;orD;awGawG@
&if tzGm;}uD;rusef uav;rusef
&ufpufpGm rk'drf;yusifh=uw,f
vdk@ r&S,fvDpdkif;u ajymygw,f?
ucsijf ynfe,fw0Sr;f rSm
ZGev
f 10&ufaeuae 18&ufae
txd t"rRyvkyfcH&wJh ucsift
rsKd ;orD; tenf;qH;k 18OD;&So
d mG ;+yD
jzpfa=umif; ucsiftrsKd;orD;rsm;
tzGJ@u ajymygw,f?
txl;ojzifh jrefrmppf
tpdk;&wyfawGjzpfwJh cr&-231/
141 / 139 eJ h 437 wyfawG[m
Aef;armfcdik t
f wGi;f u rde,fav;
jrefrmtvkyo
f rm; 54OD; xdi
k ;f tm%mydi
k jf yefvw
$ f
RFA / ZGef 17uf?
xdkif;EdkifiH qzefbl&Dc
dkifu tdrf 3vHk;rSm jyefay;aiGeJ@
a&G;,lzdk@ vlarSmifcdkyGJpm;awGu
zrf;qD;xm;wJh jrefrmtvkyo
f rm;
54OD;udk xdik ;f tm%mydik af wGu jyef
v$wfay;vdkufw,fvdk@ xdkif;&Jt
zGJ@u rae@u ajymygw,f?
wcsdefxJrSmvnf; jref
rm 2OD;tygt0if xdkif; 4OD;ygwJh
tJ'h v
D al rSmifct
kd zG@J ukd xkid ;f &Jwyfz@JG
u zrf;qD;vdu
k +f yD; w&m;r0if zrf;
u&ifowif;pOf/
ZGefv/
pmrsufESm 13
k y
f JG acsr_e;f a&;twGuf
ajr+ydKaoma=umihf rdjywdu
jrefrmtpd;k &wyf
aumhu&dw-f
ppfoifwef;ay;rnf
jr0wDum;vrf;ydwf
Photo-KIC
oGef;r_rSm &yfwef@jcif;r&Sdao;o
jzihf =uef@=umr_rsm;&Sdovdk oGm;
vmaeonfh qdkifu,fESihf um;
i,frsm;twGufvnf; vrf;wGif
ajrydr_ESihf &ifqdkif&ygu touf
tE &W m,f&SdEidk fa=umif; ajymqdkae
=uonf?
+yD ; cJ h o nf h ZG e f v 11
&ufae@uvnf; jr0wD-aumhu
&dwf awmifay:um;vrf;. t
v,fbdkwJteD;&Sd acsmufurf;yg;
ae&mwGif tvm;wl rd;k &Gm+yD; ajr
yd o jzih f uk e f y pP n f ; wif a qmif
onfh um;rsm;ESihf c&D;onfwif
um;rsm; wpf&ufausm=f um vrf;
ydwfomG ;cJh+yD; ,refEpS fu jzpfyGm;
cJo
h nfh tqdyk gawmifay:um;vrf;
ajrydusra_ =umihf vlxcd u
kd af oqH;k
r_ &Scd o
hJ nf?
xdik ;f -jrefrm ukeo
f ,
G f
a&; wHwm;rydwcf ifwiG f xdik ;f ESihf
jrefrmESpEf ikd if H w&m;0if ukeo
f ,
G f
r_wiG f wvtwGi;f xdik ;f rS ukef y
pPnf;wifoGif;r_ bwfoef; 3000
zdk;txd&Sd+yD; ,refESpfZlvdkifvu
ukefoG,fa&;wHwm; ydwfvdkuf
aoma=umihf xkid ;f rS jrefrmjynfo@kd
ukefypPnf; wifoGif;r_ bwfoef;
700cef@om&Sdawmhonf[k xdkif;
ukefonf}uD;rsm;toif;. rSwf
wrf;rsm;t& od&onf?
zm;tH+rdK@rS csJEi
S fh ESpv
f ;kH xD vkyu
f i
kd o
f r
l sm;udk aejynfawmf&r
J sm;
vdu
k v
f z
H rf;qD;ae
ZGev
f 29&uf?
eef;azmha* (autdik pf )D
u&ifjynfe,f/ zm;tH
rde,fwiG f csEJ iS Efh pS v
f ;kH xD vkyu
f ikd f
olrsm;udk aejynfawmfrS qif;vm
onfh &Jwyfz@JG 0ifrsm;u ZGev
f 20
f H
&ufae@rpS I ,ae@txd vku
d v
zrf;qD;v#uf&Sda=umif; autdkifpD
u pHkprf;od&Sd&onf?
,if ; od k @ vd k u f v H z rf ;
qD;&mwGif &J,leDazmif;rsm; 0wf
qifjcif;r&Sb
d J t&yf0yfrsm;jzihf aps;
qd k i f r sm;wG i f pH k p rf ; ar;jref ; um
,ck t csd e f x d zrf ; qD ; aeqJ j zpf
a=umif; zm;tHrdta&Sbufvrf;
wGif aexdik o
f w
l pfO;D u autdik pf D
udk ,ckvkd ajymonf?
aejynf a wmf u &J
awGqif;vm+yD; cs'J ikd ef @J aumfr&Sif
orm;awGudk vdkufzrf;w,f? p
zrf;wmawmh 20&ufae@uae t
ckcsed yf ?J wcsK@d cs'J ikd af wG zrf;rdw,f
vdk@ usaemf=um;w,f? b,fESpf
a,muf zrf;rdw,fqdkwmawmh
twdtus rodb;l ? tckxad wmh
vkdufzrf;aewkef;yJ? vlawGu csJ
zrf;qD;cH&wm rawG@&ao;bl;?
[k zm;tHrdwGif csJ'dkifvkyfaeol
armfvrdif rdcHwpfO;D u ajymonf?
avmif ; upm;rsm;ud k
txufrS !Gef=um;csufjzihf vm
a&mufzrf;qD;ygu a&mif;om;rsm;
twGuf jypfr_qdkif&m avmif;u
pm; Oya'yk'rf 15(u)t&vnf;
aumif;/ xk;d om;rsm;udrk _ yk'rf 16
(u)t&vnf ; aumif ; aiG ' %f
aum axmif'%fyg ta&;,lcH&
Edkifa=umif; &J0efxrf;a[mif;wpf
OD;jzpfol armifw;kd u autdik pf u
D kd
ajymonf?
if;utxufu tJ
vdkvmzrf;w,fqdk&ifawmh v$wf
zd k @ rvG , f b l ; av? aiG ' %f a um
axmif'%fyg ESprf sK;d pvH;k cH&rSmyJ?
Oya'rSmu 'dki/f aumfr&Siform;
qd+k yD; r&Sb
d ;l av? a&mif;om;qd&k if
'dkifa&m/ aumfr&Siform;a&m t
usHK0ifw,f? olwdk@u avmif;u
pm;yk'fr 15(u)t& axmif'%f
wESpu
f ae oH;k ESpt
f xde@J aiG'%f
u wpfaxmifuae ig;axmift
xd? xd;k om;qd&k if yk'rf 16(u)t
u&ifowif;pOf/
ZGefv/
pmrsufESm 14
ZGev
f 20&uf?
apmcg;pl;nm; (autdkifpD)
weoFm&Dwikd ;f +rw
d cf
kid f ykavmrde,ftwGi;f &Sd jynf
csmppf a vh u sih f a &;oif w ef ;
ausmif;wGif rdjywdkufyGJ teD;
uyf acsre_ ;f a&;twGuf jrefrm
ppfwyfu t&mcHEiS fh 'k-t&mcH
Adv
k f 85OD;udk ,ckZeG v
f 25&uf
ae@rS =o*kwv
f 30&ufae@txd
oifwef;wpfck yd@k csay;oGm;&ef&dS
onf[keD;pyfolrsm;xHrS
owif;&&Sdonf?
rdjywdkufyGJqifE$J&ef
wd;k wufaom Ak'b
< mom u&if
trsKd;om;wyfrawmf (DKBA) onf +yD;cJo
h nfh rwfvu
w&m;0ifpm xkwfjyef+yD;onfh
aemuf jrefrmppfwyfonf 'kt
&mcHAv
kd f 70OD;ESifh t&mcH 25OD;
udk ,ckvkd ppfoifwef; ac:,lchJ
jcif;jzpfonf?
weoF m &D w d k i f ; t
wGif;&Sd ppfuGyfuJa&;XmecsKyfpuc(8)/ (13)/ (20)wd@k . vuf
atmufcH wyf&if;rsm;ESifh ppfAsL
[m-pA[(1)/ (2)/(3)wd k @ .
vufatmufcHwyf&if;rsm;rSm
ppf o if w ef ; wuf & ef t wG u f
if;wdk@. wyf&if;wpf&if;v#if
2OD;E_ef;jzihf ydk@aqmif&rnf[k
!$ef=um;xm;a=umif; ppfwyf
ESifh eD;pyfow
l pfO;D u autdik pf D
udk ajymonf?
ol u ppf w yf u
awmh tusK;d &Srd ,fv@kd xifwt
hJ
wGuf tckvkd oifwef;ay;wm
yJ? wyf&if;w&if;udk 2a,muf
yJ? oifwef;uawmh 2vausmf
ayhgaemf? oifwef;+y;D &ifawmh rd
jywdkufyGJacsr_ef;a&;udk b,fvdk
taumif t xnf a zmf r vJ q d k
wmawmh apmihf=unfh&tHk;rSm
ayhg?[k ajymonf?
jynfcsmppfavhusifh
a&;ausmif ; onf u'J E S i h f yk
avm&Gm(ykavmrde,fcGJ)teD;
rS tdraf jc 300cef@&dS jynfcsm&Gm
wGifwnf&Sd+yD; jrefrmppfwyf.
oifwef;rSL; 'kAdkvfrSL;}uD;wif
jrihfu OD;pD;uGyfuJv#uf&Sdonf
[k od&onf?
,ckvkd t&mcHEiS fh 'k
t&mcHAdkvfwdk@udk oifwef;ay;
&ef ac:,ljcif;onf ppfwyfESihf
om ywfoufonft
h wGuf a'
ocH r sm;taejzih f wpH k w &m
=um;od&jcif; r&Sdao;a=umif;
ajymqdkae=uonf?
Photo-KIC