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1371- Happy NewOD; Nidrf;csrf; year ''Let Bud and Bloom''

The world of sentient beings, The world of nature, These two worlds exit in inter- rela tion. They are subject to the law of change I happened to contemplate about Arising and disappearance. The universe came about In splendour and beauty, Life in the universe in beneficial, Samsara in long and great. There, everything in lovable, Attachment thus arises. All nautural resources are desirable . Everything seem is attached, Yet, the chariot of time passes by All these things. Time moves on, not a moment lapses. In a flitting moment man meets man. Because he is, thus I am, So long as he and I remain alive, Mutual benefit is desired. Mutual love and sympathy thrive. Faithful to each other what a peaceful life is it. Debt of gratitude I openly admit, With positive outlook and pleasant feeling in heart, I want share knowledge and senses with him. To beautify the world man matters most. So I wish everyone learn the art of love. Let us welcome whatever arises in this world. Everybody is inherited with the spirit of altruism. Let us share this spirit. Let the world progress and develope. Let every flower bud and bloom. Nyein Chan Oo

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vIiMf unfjzL"r0&pmaywkuf d D d zke;f - 0980 23992? 0950 01401? 01-507208 rk;d aumif;uifpmay? trSw(f 134)? tcef;(6)? 36-vrf;(v,f)? ausmufwwm;NrKd e,f? &efueNf rKd /YU H U k zke;f -01-253255 xGe;f OD;pmay(rEav;) zke;f 02-39801

Address
Hlaing Kyi Phyu Dhamma Vira Publishing House Head Office: Blk (1), Rm(R6), Myanmar InfoTech, Hlaing Ts, Yangon. Branch Office: No. 50, 2nd Fl. Bank St, Kyauktada Ts, Yangon. Ph: 0980 23992 , 0950 01401 e-Mail - dhammavira@gmail.com

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EDITORIAL
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FORE ARTICLES
"r0D&onf Ak'w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smufonf/

cki;f wJtcg ajymwwfMuw,fr[kwvm;/ ]]rdk d h f rao rD;jcpfav; ,lay;prf;yg-}} ]]wqdwavmuf f [dk pmtkyfudk xkwfay;prf;yg..}} qdkovdkayhg/ q&mawmf OD;oDvmpm& cd k i f ; wk e f ; uawmh trS w f w rJ h y gyJ / (kd;rwdrf r[matmifajrausmif;) 'gayr,hf tukodkvftjypfu vufydkufMunhf raebl;av/ bduKeDrudk ckdif;cJhvdkY uRefjzpf& yd,0*f-cspfjcif;tkyfpk w,f/ trSwfw&jzpfoGm;&NyD/ qGr;f cH<uvmwJh yd,meH t'eH 'ku?H wa,mZe yAZdw 0wK &[ef ; wpf y g;[m cg;uk e f ; aewmud k j rif N yD ; tyd,me 'eH/ Ak'&Sifawmfjrwfonf om0wdjynf ol r [m taysmf t ysuf & ,f p &moabmeJ Y jrefrmuAsm ukef;wJhuGwJh yHkpHwlvkyfjycJhw,f/ cg;ukef; aZw0ef a usmif ; awmf aeawmf r l a omtcg cspfoltaygif; udk,faygif;pdwfcGm? oPmefypvyjf ycJh wm[m vkywe;uawmh (a*[dwayr)jzihf rcGJEkdif rcGm&ufatmif kH H k f k f rcspfolvJ tNrJa&Smifyg? f k f trSwfwrJhyJjzpfrSmyg/ ckawmh..rckZKw&m cspcifav;jrwftyfueaom om;tzom;trd cspfrjrif& 'kuydkwm? &[ef;oH;k a,mufwukd taMumif;jyK ]ta,m Ykd jzpf v mwm trS w f w &jzpf & NyD / rcspfvJ qHkqJ qif;&Jom/ a* ,krwmeH} paom oH;k *gxmudk a[mawmf tr y gvD Consort not with those that are dear, nor ever with those are not dear; not a0omvD r if ; orD ; tr y gvD [ m rl\/ seeing those that are dear and the sight of ta,ma* ,k rwmeH tacsmtvSrSm emrnfBuD;cJhygw,f/ &if? cg; those are not dear, both painful. a,m*o t a,mZ,H/ d tvS? wifom;tus? w,obm0? tvSty d pum;ajy// cspaomolwEifh &if;&if;ES;D ES;D rae f Ykd S twH [dwGm yd,*g[D? bmrQ tjypfajymp&mr&Savmufatmif acsmarm d &m/ rcspaomolwEifh b,faomtcgrS r&if; f Ykd S yda[w wmEka,m*de/ H vSyolav;jzpfrQru aumif;jcif;ig;jzmeJvnf; kH Y ES;D &m(raygif;azmf&m)tNra&Smifae&rnf? cspol J f jrefrmuAsm jynfhpHkw,f/ tvGefrnf;jcif;? tvGefjzLjcif;? wdukd rawGUjrif&jcif;ESifh rcspowukd awGUjrif Yk f l Ykd tm;rxkwxuf tm;pduxwcg? f kd k f k f tvGe0jcif;? tvGeyevjDS cif;? t&yfjrihve;f jcif;? f f d f f G &jcif;onf qif;&JvSonf/ tm;xkwfoihfu tm;rxkwfyg? t&yferve;f jcif;qdwhJ tjypfajcmufyg;uif;ol d hf G k wom yd,H eu,d&mx? pGefYvTwfudk,fusKd; cspfEdk;vdkuf&Sm? av;vnf;jzpfaew,f/ aumif;jcif;ig;jzmqdwm k yd,myga,m [d ygyaum/ tm;yg;us ol& pD;yGm;om/ uawmh qHyif&JUaumif;jcif;? tom;a&mif *Em awoH e 0dZE?d Attaching oneself to that which aumif;jcif;? ta&&JUaumif;jcif;? tdk;tqpf a,oH ewd yd,myd,H/ ajyjypfaumif;rGefjcif;? t&G,f&JUaumif;jcif;wdkY should be avoided, not attaching oneself jrefrmuAsm yJjzpfw,f/ (aumif;jcif;ig;jzmrluGJvnf; &Sdyg to that which should be pursued, giving xdkYaMumihfcspfrI rjyKvkyf&m up the quest, one who goes after pleasure ao;w,f)/ 'Davmufq&if trygvD&UJ tvSukd envies him who exert himself. kd cspfolauGuGif; qdk;jcif;,kwfrm? rSef;qvdkY&ygNyD/ pum;ajy// tm;rxkwaomt&m rdru,wif f d kd f kd cspfrkef;r&Sd xdkonfholrSm? vSvGef;aqG trygvDudk [dkolaX;u tm;pdkufxkwf vdkufpm;oihf tm;pdkufoihf aESmifzUJG jcif; tvsi;f r&Syg/ d vdcsi?f onfoaX;uqufo,?f [drif;om;u aomt&m rd r d u d k , f w d k i f tm;rxk w f b J k l G k Hence hold nothing dear, for urf;vSrf;? onfrif;om;u csOf;uyf..pojzihf udk,fusKd;pD;yGm;udk pGefYvTwfvsuf cspfoludkom separation from those that are dear is bad: tvTmpHe,fpu pkNyKH prufEpoufaeoljzpfav &Smaomolonf olwdkYudk,fwdkif tm;xkwf(&&Sd bonds do not exit for those to whom nought k kH kH S f awmh...]]udkif;..b,folrS tydkifr,l&? rQrQ aom) tusK;d pD;yGm;udk tm;usvsuf (igwdrsm; is dear or not dear. Yk ww tm;vHk;eJY oufqdkifap..}}vdkY qHk;jzwfMu &ygrl aumif;avpGm[) awmifw jiLpl(EIwcrf; pum;ajy// xdkYaMumihf cspfcifESpfoufjcif;udk h k h f um jynfwefqm jzpf&&Smw,fav../ vSve;f plvsuf)ae&\/ h G pGrufcgcgrjyK&m/ cspaomolrS auGui;f &jcif; J f G jcif;&JUtjypfvdkYajym&rvm;yJ/ b0tusdK;ay; onf qdk;0g;,kwfrmvS\/ cspfjcif; rkef;jcif; r&Sd rmyda,[d orm*d? aumif;vdkY vSyacsmarmoljzpf&ayr,hf..b0 aom oltwGuf taESmiftzGUJ wdonf r&Sue/ Yk d k f tyda,[d uk'gpeH/ taMumif; raumif;cJvvnf; ]jynfBu;D wefqm} h Ykd jzpf&jyefw,f/ [dkvGefavNyD;aomtwdwfu odcD tjypfrajymrdMu ygapeJY/ ruJh&JUrdMuygapeJY/ bk&m; vufxufuyg/ apwD&ifjyifay:rSm ay;um jynfhwefqmjzpf&NyDav/ trSwfwrJhajymcJhwJh tjypfwpfcku olwpfyg; ud,taESmifht,Su?f pdwtaESmifh k f f bduKeDrBuD;wpfyg;[m ][yfcsdK;} acsqwf? t,Sujf zpf atmif rvkyaqmifrMd uygapeJvYkd f Y acsmif;t[yf ovdycyfvu&m- ovdyzwf trSwfw&jzpfoGm;wmygyJ/ f kd f f trSwwrJayr,hf trSwwrJawG[m owday;vdkufcsifwmygyJ/ f h f h wHawG;? tnpftaMu;awG &ifjyifay:rSm us G f ES v H k ; pd w f 0 rf ; at;csrf ; Muygap/ oGm;cJw,f/ 'gudk awGUrdum]]b,f ...ru aysmufu,roGm;bl;/ ta[modujH zpfroGm; h bk&m;&ifjyifawmfay: tnpf taMu;pGecwm bl ; / tJ ' D t rS w f w rJ h a wG [ m b0wpf c k r S m ("ry't|uxm? ax&Dtyg'gef/ {w'*f0wK Yf hJ vJ . .}} vd k Y ajymqd k r d w J h 0pD u H t jypf u trSwf w&jzpfoGm;&wmawG trsm;BuD;ygyJ/ wdkYudk tajcjyKa&;om;ygw,f/) rH k & G m aeZm tr y gvD jzpf w J h b0rS m raumif ; usd K ; 'gh a Mumih f trS w f w rJ h q d k N yD ; ol w pf y g;ud k

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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tcgwpfyg; aumorDNrdKUae t&Sif wdtm; ol\ausmif;'g,umu ouFef; oH;k xnfEifh axmywf? wifvwukd vSL'gef;\/ S J Ykd xdtcg t&Siwu ]]rdrrm a0,sm0p aqmif k f d d S &G u f a y;r,h f omraPr&S d b l ; ? 'g,um? 'ghaMumihf oifvSLaomypnf;rsm;udk tvSL rcHvdkyg}} [k jiif;y,fvkduf\/ q&mt&Si\pum;udk Mum;od&vQif f ausmif;'g,dumBuD;u ol\ckepfESpft&G,f&Sd om;i,fudk t&Sifwdtm; OyZm,fjyK omraP0wfay;avonf/ ausmif;'g,umBu;D \ om;i,fum; yg&rDtxHkt[kefBuD;oljzpf onf/ q&mjzpfolt&Sifwdu wynhftm; omraP0wfay;&ef (qHyif? arG;nif;? ajconf;? vufonf;? oGm;? ta&xlta&yg;)[laom wp yu ur|mef;udk a[mMum;&if; acgif;&dwf ay;pOf xdoi,fonf acgif;&dwNy;D onfEifh k l f S tmoa0gukecef;um &[Emjzpfom;avonf/ f G acgif;&dwtNy;D rSm olwynhf oli,fav; f Y &[EmjzpfoGm;onfudk t&Sifwdrodacs/ wynhomraPu;vnf; tmoa0gukecNhJ yjD zpf f f aom oltaMumif;udk q&mjzpfotm; t&dyf Y l t>rufrQyif rajymMum;bJae\/ odkYjzihf wynhfjzpfol omraP0wfNyD; q,fhig;&uf tMumwGif t&Siwonf olwynhomraP f d Y f ES i f h t wl ? bk & m;&S i f u d k zl ; arQmf u ef a wmh & ef om0wNd rKd Uawmf aZw0efausmif;qD c&D;xGuf vmcJhMuonf/ c&D;oGm;pOf q&mwynhEpO;D awm f S f ausmif;wpfausmif;odkY 0ifa&mufwnf;cdkMu&m wynhomraPu q&mhtwGuf tdy&mae&m f f jyifqifay;onf/ oltwGuae&mudum; rd;k csKyf Y f k

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

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DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

10

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11

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(,cif t ywf r S t quf ) uk o k d v f j zpf a tmif v ma&muf u l n D tcsKdUaomyk*dKvfrsm;onf rdrdtdrfokdY vm a&muftvSLcH onfudk rESpoufMuacs? tcsi;f csi;f vSL&ef wkuwe;f onfuvnf; f d f G dk rESpoufMuacs/ ]]uk,apwem&S&if uk,vLS r,f? vma&mufwuf f d f d d f dk wGef;&efrvkd? a[majym&efrvkd}}[k qkdavh&SdMuonf/ trSefpifppf xkduJhokdYvma&muftvSLcHoltm; aus;Zl;wifwwf&rnf? tvG,f wultvSLxajrmufatmif vma&mufulnDonf? ukokdvfw&m; jzpfyGm;atmif vma&mufulnDonf[k oabmxm; ay;&rnf/ rdrd tm; ukokdvfjzpfatmif vma&mufulnDoljzpfaom aMumifh a&T aiG ausmufoH ywjrm; &wemxkyfBuD;ukd tdrfta&muf vmykdYonf[k ,lq&rnf? 'geukovf onf b0qufwi;f tusK;d cHpm;&rnfjzpf dk dk a&T aiG &wemwk d Y x uf yk d r k d t zk d ; wef a om &wemjzpf o nf / tvS L cH y k * d K vf o nf tzk d ; wef & wemrsm;uk d vS n f h v nf ay;a0aeonf[k oabmxm;vsuftvSLtwef;jyK tdrfpOfvSnfh vnftvSLcH&rnf/ ow0gonf y#doaEpuwnf; u b0ukd ESpoufaom (b0eduEdu) avmbaZmjzifh pwif wG,wm f f uyfNidcJhonf? avmbwG,fwmrI? rp&d, ESajrm 0efwkdrIwkdYjzifh vl Y b 0uk d pwif c J h & pum;ajym wwf u mp uav;i,f onfyif ]]ay;bl;? ay;bl;}}[lom [pfatmfajymwwfcJhMu ayonf/ ESajrm0efwkdrI? ray;urf; vkdrIukd rnfolrQ oifMum; ay;&ef rvk d? wk d u f wG e f ;ay;&efr vkd ? ES ajrm0efw k dr I (rp & d , ) avsmhenf;oGm;atmif? ay;urf;vkd pdwfjzpfay:vmatmifom wkdufwGef;EId;aqmfay;&ef vkdtyfvSay;onf/

jrwfpmbk&m;vufxufawmfu yg,mod NrdKUpm;BuD;onf G oHCmawmfrsm;tm; qGrf;uyfvSL'gef;&ef rdrd\wynfh Ow& vkviftm; vJTtyf xm;onf/ Ow&vkvifonf qGrf;tvSL'geukd uk d , f w k d i f u k d , f u s jyKvk y f o nf h t jyif rd r d v uf a tmuf i,fom;rsm;ukdvnf; wkdufwGef;EdI;aqmf jyKvkyfapcJhonf/ if;wkdY uG,ve wrvGeb0a&mufMuaomtcg yg,modNrdKUpm;BuD;rSm f G f f ta>ct&Hr&Sd? wpfOD;wnf; txD;usefpGm ewfAdrmefwpfck ewf pnf;pdrfcHpm;&onf? Ow&vkvifrSmrl NrdKUpm;BuD;xuf wpfqifh jrifaom ewfjynf ta>ct&H y&dowfpvifpmjzifh ewfpnf;pdrudk h Hk G f cHpm;&onf/

'get"d y m ,f z G i f h q k d j cif ; 'ge[laompum;onf ygVdpum;jzpf ygVd ESie;D pyfaom hf Ak'bmom jrefrmrsm;tzkYd 'ge qkvQif rdryiqiaom ypn;f 0wKudk d d dk f dk f pGefYBuJay;urf; vSL'gef;jcif;[k oabmaygufem;vnfMu\/ ygVd pum;vkH;jzpfapumrl jrefrmpum;vkd em;vnf aeMuNyDjzpfonf/ xkdYaemuf'ge[lonf tvSLcH yk*dKvf\ tpD;tyGm;ukd tvkd&Sdjcif;? ukd,fvSLolckdif;? pnf;pdrfvdIif; ylaZmfaom tm;jzifh ypnf;0wKukd tvSLcHyk*dKvfwkdYtm; pGefYBuJ tvSLcHjcif;onf ESajrm0efwkdjcif;enf;yg; oGm;ap&ef? Ydk f ypn;f Opmtay: wG,wmrIenf;yg; oGm;ap&ef? ay;urf;pGevwf ay;urf;vSL'gef;jcif;yif jzpf\[k usrf;cHw &Si;jy awmfrMl uonf/ f Yf T (o&w-3? 193? 'D? #D-2? 68? r-#D-3? 37? tH-#D-3? 221)/ Ekiap&ef wkuwe;f jcif; jzpf rGejf rwfaomaqmif&ucsujf zpfonf/ d f d f G G f tvSL cH&onfjzpfap? r&onfjzpf rGefjrwfaom vkyfief;ukd 'ge trnf c J G r sm; aqmif&u&jcif;jzpfonf? wufwuf<u<u pdwygvufygaqmif&uf G f f G ,if;'geonf aqmufwnftyfaom tusifhwpfrsKd;jzpf oifhayonf/ d 'geukovudk olwpfyg;tm;rwkuwe;f bJ vSKaqmfpnf;k;H aomaMumifh ]]0w}}vnf;rnf\/ ynm&Srsm; ynwfxm;tyfaom dk f d f G H jcif; rjyKbJ rdrdwpfOD;wnf;om jyKvkyfvQif aemifwrvGefb0 aMumifh jrwfaom tusihf? bk&m;tp&Sdaom olawmfoljrwfwkdY\ tusKd;ay;onfhtcg a>c&Hoif;yif;uif;rJh wpfa,mufwnf; tusifhjzpfaomaMumifh ]]jA[p&d,}}vnf;rnf\? ypKyef wrvGef txD ; usef p G m pnf ; pd r f c H p m;&onf / uk d , f w k d i f v nf ; jyKvk y f ESpfwefaom b0wkdY avmuD pnf;pdrfcsrf;omESifh psmef 0dyem? d S olwpfyg;ukdvnf; wkdufwGef;EdI;aqmfpnf;kH; vkyfaqmifaom r*f zkvf edAmef [laom avmukw&mcsr;f omukd ay;wwf aqmifEi;f yk*dKvfonf aemifwrvGefwGif tusKd; ay;onfhtcg a>c&Hoif;yif; wwfaomaMumifh ]]ed'ge}}vnf;rnf\/ vlYpnf;pdrf? ewfpnf;pdrf\ tajccH t aMumif ; &if ; jzpf a omaMumif h ]]rl v }}vnf ; rnf \ / jynfhpkHpGmjzifh pnf;pdrfcHpm;&onf/

DHAMMA TALKS

12

"r0D&onf udk,fusifhoDvESifh pm&dwjrifhrm;ap&ef jzpfonf/

ok;H aqmifcpm;tyfaom ESpoufz,tmkwur jzpfay:vmaom H f G f H Ydk dk DS csr;f om wk\ wnf&mckirmaomXmejzpf ]]ywd|m}}vnf; rnf\/ Yd d f 'geonf wpfpwpf&mtcuftcJ? tusytwnf;ESihf awGBY uKH qqnf; Hk f Hk ae&olw\ tum tuG,f tapmifta&Smuf taxmuftuljzpf Ydk h rSc&m? aqmufwnf&m? vm;&m? uk;uG,&m? vJavsmif;&mjzpfaom D dk d f aMumifh ]]wmP? avP? *wd? y&m,P}} wkdYvnf;rnfay\/ ow0gwkdY\ ypKyef wrvGefESpfwefaom b0wkdY wkd;wufBuD;yGm; aMumif; jzpf ]]'udPm}}vnf;rnf\? ylaZmftyf ylaZmfaMumif; jzpf ]],n? ,m*}}wkdYvnf;rnf\/ usrf ; *ef v m 'geOyrmrsm; 'geonf ow0gwkdY\ tm;xm;rSDckd&mjzpfaomaMumifh oD[moeyviBf uD;ESiw\? jzpfav&m b0wkdif; aqmufwnf hf l &muk d &apaomaMumif h ]]r[myx0D a jrBuD ; }}ES i f h v nf ; wl \ ? ow0gwkdYonf NrJjrefwif;MuyfpGm ukdifxm;tyfaomw&m;jzpf ]]tmvrP&ZK-vufukdifBudK;wef;}}ESifhvnf;wl\/ 'k*wdb0 qif;&J'utrsKd;rsKd;rS xkwaqmifu,fwif wwfaomw&m;jzpf k f ]]em0g-avSoabFm}}ESifhvnf; wl\/ vkdcsifwyfrufrI-avmb? ESajrmwGefYwkdrI-rp&d, paomqefYusifbuf&efolab;rS oufom &muk d &apwwf a omw&m;jzpf ]]o*F g rol & -ppf ajrjyif a&mufppfol&Jaumif;BuD;}}ESihfvnf;wl\/ qif;&JEGrf;yg; Opm &Sm;yg;jcif;\ ab;&efrS apmifa&Smuf umuG,wwfaom w&m;jzpf h f ]]ok o cF w e*& aumif ; pG m wnf a qmuf x m;tyf a om rif ; aejynfNrdKUawmf }}ESifhvnf;wl\? ES a jrm0ef w k d r I rp & d , ? rd r d ypnf;wyfrufrI avmb paom pdwf\tnpf taMu;wkdY rvdrf; ruyfNidEkdifaomw&m;jzpf]]y'kr y'krmMumyef;}}ESifhvnf;wl\/ xkdYtjyif'geonf udavom avmifpm trdIufwkdYukd avmif N rd K uf w wf a om w&m;jzpf ]]t* d - rD ; }}ES i f h v nf ; wl \ ? o'genf;yg; rp&d,rsm; olukd csOf;uyfEkdifcJhaom w&m;jzpf ]]tmod 0 d o - tqd y f w ef a oma>r}}ES i h f v nf ; wl \ ? yp K y e f wrvGef ESpfwefaom b0wkdY aMumuf&THUzG,fuif;&Jwif;aom w&m;jzpf ]]oD[-jcaoFrif;}}ESivnf;wl\? 'ge onf 'gejyKol h hf tvSL&Sitm; ,ckrsuarSmufb0 vdrm,Ofaus;aom a>c&Hoif;yif f f ESifh jynfhpkHap? aemifwrvGefb0 olwpfyg;wkdYxuf cGeftm; omvGef aumif;rGefapwwfaomw&m;jzpf ]][wd- qifajymif BuD;}} ESifhvnf;wl\? ,cka&maemifyg ESpfjzmaom b0wkdY wkd;wufBuD;yGm; aMumif; aumif;jrwfaom r*Fvm[k bk&m;&SifwkdY orkwf tyfaom w&m;jzpf ]]aowOob-aiGawmiftwl uk d , f v k H ; jzLaom EG m ;vm;Ob}}ES i f h v nf ; wl \ ? ab;&ef xlajymvSaom 'k*wdb0rS ab;&ef ukefcef;Nidrf;csrf; om,maom ok * wd b 0ok d Y yk d Y a qmif wwf a omw&m; jzpf ]]0vm[u tmo&mZm-jrif;ysH&wem}}ESifh vnf;wl\/ ('D-|? 2? 62? r|? 3? 64-ponf?h ) tvSL&Si\ okr;SD odr;qnf;xm;tyfaom ed[w f d f d b@u- Opmb@mxkyf}}ESifh vnf;wl\/ (oH-|? 1? 77)/ ay;urf;vSL'gef;pGefYBuJvSL'gef;jcif;onf ppfwkdufjcif;ESifh

vnf;wl\ (oH? 1? 20-ponf)? avmu ao&rSmaMumufaom olonf ppfrwku0hH ouJoYdk rdrypn;f Opmukecef;rSm aMumufaom d f h d f olonfvnf; ray;vSLEkdif? toufukdaocsifaoygap [kqkdum pGevwEirom ppfwuEiouJo?Ydk ypn;f Opmukecef; aomfvnf; Yf T f dk f S dk f dk f h f uk e f c ef ; ygapqk d u m yp n f ; Op m wG , f w muyf N id r S K tmv, jywfrSom ay;vSLEkdifMuayonf/ xkdYtjyif ppfwkduf&m ppfouftenf; trsm;onf vkd&if;y"mer[kwfbJ &JpGrf;owd&Sd? r&Sdom vkd&if;y"mejzpf\? ppfonftiftm; enf;yg;aomfvnf; &JpGrf;owd&SdvQif &efol ppf o nf t if t m;trsm;uk d tEk d i f & ouJ h o k d Y ? ,k H M unf r I o ' g ponfwkdYESifh jynfhpkHolonf tenf;i,faom vSLzG,f0wKukd vSLaomfvnf; rsm;pGmaom ESajrm0efwkdrI ]]rp&d,}} &efolukd eif;acsEkdif\? xkdYaMumifh ]]ay;vSLjcif;onf ppfwkdufjcif;}}ESifh wlonf[k a[mawmfrljcif;jzpf ayonf/ ,if;'geonf yknBu,m0wKw&m; ok;H yg;? yknmbdocFg& d w&m; okH;yg;? o*F[w&m; av;yg;? &mZOy,fw&m; av;yg;? rif;usiw&m; q,fyg;? yg&rDtusi;f q,fyg;? tus,-30? r*Fvm hf f w&m; ok;H q,f&pyg;? w&m;pktoD;oD;wGif wpfyg; tyg t0ifjzpfay h S f onf/ vl w k d i f ; twG u f ' geta&;BuD ; 'geonf yk * d K vf t wef ; tpm;ra&G ; tav; xm; jznf h u sif h q nf ; yl ; &rnf h w&m;jzpf a yonf / oH o &mc&D ; onf ouf&Sdow0gtm;vkH;ESifh oufqkdif\? oHo&mc&D;onfwkdif; rjzpfraeo,faqmifoGm;&rnfh &dumvnf;rnf\/ avQmufvSrf; oGm;&rnfh oHo&mc&D;&SnfvQif &Snfoavmuf 'ge&dumxkyf rsm;rsm;ygoGm;zkYd ta&;BuD;onf? urmtoacFscsD oHo&mc&D;ukd avQmuf v S r f ; awmf r l M u&onf h bk & m; tavmif ; awmf B uD ; rsm; ta&;wBu;D usiaqmif&rnfh yg&rDtusiw&m;rsm;ukd qifjcifawmf hf hf rlMu&m 'geyg&rDukd a&S;OD;pGmawGYjrifawmfrlMuayonf/ 'getwG u f t cuf av;yg; 'geonf rQta&;BuD;aomfvnf; rdrdykdif ypnf;0wKukd pGeBYf uay;urf;vSL'gef;Eki&eftwGuf ow0gwki;f tzkYd t[eftwm; J d f d Y awGu rsm;vGe;f vS onf/ ,if;t[eftwm;rsm;um; oHo&mESics Y hf D trawwnfaeMuNy;D jzpf&m? ,if;t[eftwm;rsm; ukd ausmvm; Y f T ay;vSLEki&ef cufcv\/ xkaMumifyif 'getwGutcuf av;yg;[k d f J S Yd h f a&S;ynm&SwYdk rdeqdk awmfrMl uayonf/ ,if;wkum; atmufygtwki;f d Yf Yd d jzpfayonf (1) rdrdESpfoufaom ypnf;Opmukd o'gMunfjzLpGm ay;vSLtHh[k pdwfxJrSmBuHzkdY &mcufcJvS\/ (2) pdwfxJrSm BuHrdonfhwkdifatmifBuHxm;onfhtwkdif; ay;vSLtH[Ewxupum;ajymMum;Ekijf cif;onf (33) h k I f G f d vufopf&aom oefvsuudk rsK&onfxufcufc\/ dS f d J
(pmrsufESm 17 okdY)

DHAMMA TALKS
"r0D&onf rdrdudk,fudk apmifha&SmufEdkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

13

jrwf a 0 (a&T j ynf o m)

m
m-remvdkrI? jiLplrI? Envy olwpfyg;wdk;wufBuD;yGm;jynhfpHkaeonfudk remvdk rMum;vdk rMunhfvdkjcif;oabmudk m[kac:onf/
ENVY- the feeling of discontent and ill will caused by another's good fortune, wealth, success, advantages, etc. Envy is feeling of discontent aroused by someone else's possession of things and success.

rp & d , rp&,= Macchariya- 0efwro0efaMumifrI ]Avarice, meand kd I ness, Nigga, idleness, selfishness. olwpfyg;wd;k wufBu;D yGm; jynhpaeonfukd rIprEi?f rk'wm f kH d fh dk d ryGm;EkiyJ 0efwaejcif;udk rp&,[kac:onf/ olwpfyg;tm; r&apvdk d f kd d 0efwdkjcif;jzpfonf/ rp&d,? 0efwdkrI(5)rsKd;&Sdonf/ 1/ tm0go rp&d, wdkufwmtdrf&mESihf pyf 0efwdkjcif;? 2/ ukvrp&d, taygif;toif;? y&dowfESihf pyf 0efwdkjcif; 3/ vmbrp&d, ypn;f vmbfvmbESipyf 0efwjkd cif;/ fh 4/ 0Prp&, d kyftqif;ESifhpyf 0efwdkjcif;/ 5/ "rrp&d, w&m;ESihfpyf 0efwdkjcif;(5)rsKd;wdkYjzpfonf/ m-rp&,ESipyfvsO;f wpfenf;t"dyg ,fziqEiao; d fh G fh kd dk f onf/ m- jiLpljcif;? remvdkjcif;oabmonf mrnf\/ olwpfyg;vSaMumif;? OpmaygaMumif;paom *kPowif;pum;ajymMum; f vmvQif em;raxmifvjkd cif;? uJ&UJ jcif;? rauseyfjcif;onf moabm h rsm;yifjzpfonf/ rp&,- 0efwjkd cif;oabmonf rp&,rnf\/ rdrypn;f udk d d d jzpfap? olwpfyg;ypnf;udkjzpfaprdrd&mxl;pnf;pdrftmPmrsm;udkjzpfap? tjcm;olwtm; r&apvdaom oabmonf rp&,oabmjzpfonf/ Ykd k d tukodkvfapwoduf 2 yg; mrp&d,tukodkvfw&m; (2)yg;onf raumif;rI jyK&m yg0ifaom tukovapwodu(14)yg;wGif yg0ifaom xif&m; kd f f S onfh t"dutukokdvf(2)yg;jzpfonf/ remvd0efwrI tukovpwwukd rdrwoEmef0,f vufcH k kd kd f d f Ykd d Ykd

udef;atmif;xm;vQif rdrdwdkYtm;udk,fqif;&Jjcif;? pdwfqif;&Jjcif;rsm;udk jzpfaponf/ odtwGuf remvd0efwroabmwdukd y,f&m;Ekirom Yk k kd I Yk S d f S vQif udk,fpdwfESpfjzmusef;rmcsrf;omrIYwdkYudk &&SdcHpm;EkdifMu&rnfjzpfay onf/ odaomfvnf; omrmefyxZOfvom;rsm;tzdum; pdwEpyg;udk Yk k k l Yk f S f y,f&Sm;&efrvG,fulvSacs/ od M um;rif ; BuD ; aomf r S tcgwpfyg; jrwfpmbk&m;onf om0wjd ynfaZw0efausmif; G awmf oDwif;oH;k aeawmfr\/ odMum;rif;onf ykAerwig;yg;udjk rif l d d f ao&rnfukd aMumufvmonf/ mrp&,pdwrsm;vnf; 0ifvm\/ d f rdrdaovQif rdrdxufomaomodMum;rif;ay:vmrnf/ rdrd&mxl;udkyg ol w pf y g;&&S d r nf / rd r d p nf ; pd r f O p m rsm;ud k v nf ; ol w pf y g;&rnf ponfwdkYjzihf pdk;&drfaMumufvefYvmonf/ remvdk0efwdkpdwfjzpfum ES v H k ; romr,mjzpf v m ojzih f jrwf p G m bk & m;xH o d k Y oG m ;a&muf N yD ; ar;jref;avQmufxm;avonf/ ]]t&Sifbk&m; vlewfjA[mow0grsm;onf ab;&ef'kutNrJ yif&SdaeMuonf/ at;csrf;om,mpGmaecsifygvsuf tb,ftaMumif; aMumihf raeEkiygoenf;/ ab;&ef'ursm;ESiom awGUBuKH ae&ygoenf; d f k fh [k avQmufxm;ar;jref;avonf/ jrwf A k ' a jzMum;awmf r l N yD xdtcg jrwfpmbk&m;u ]]ud,xufom remvdaom m? k G k hf k ud,vdk olwpfyg;tm; raumif;pm; rcsr;f omapvdaom rp&, rem k f k d vdpwrsm;&Saejcif;aMumihomvQi?f vlewfjA[mow0grsm;onf at;csr;f k d f d f om,mcsiMf uaomfvnf;? rat;csr;f rom,mMuyg/ 'kursm;ESifh rawGU BuKH csiaomfvnf; rvGraoG awGUBuKH aeMu&onf[k ajzMum;awmfrav f J l onf/ mrp & d , ud k y,f o wf E k d i f N yD odMum;rif;Bu;D onf ykAerwukd jrif aornfuaMumufo d d f kd jzih f mrp & d , pd w f r sm; 0if v maom a0'emud k ty r ma'e orma'x rarhravsmh raygYqaom owdw&m;ESv;kH oGi;f vsuf rS0J oihf D rrSD0Joihf a0'emwdkYudk IrSwf yGm;rsm;um tcsdefrD y,fowfEkdifcJhav onf/ rrSD0Joihfaom a*[dwa0'emwdkYudk IrSwfy,fowfvsuf rS0oihaom aeurdwa0'emwdukd jzpfapum owdy|mefbm0emudk D J f Yk yGm;rsm;ojzihf aomwmyefjzpfom;avonf/ wpfcsewnf;rSmyif ,cifu G d f jzpf a y:cJ h a om mrp & d , qd k i f & m ES v H k ; rom,mrI r sm;rS vH k ; 0 vGwfajrmufrI&&SdoGm;cJhavownf;/ ]]pd & H w d | wk o' a r m }} jrwf a 0(a&T j ynf o m)

DHAMMA TALKS

14

"r0D&onf vlrsKd;ra&G; bmomra&G;? vlom;rsKd;EG,ftm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

Ak'jrwfpGm\ ymoDwd,m (85) yg;aom r[m*kPfawmfzGihf Ak'ylZed, r[m0Eem bk&m;&Sdcdk;BuD;

oD w mOD ; (jref r mpm) (,cif t ywf r S t quf ) 28/ ekwarm- vloHk;yg;wdkY xufjrufawmfrlaomaMumihf ekwr [k 0daoo*kP&nfbUJG trnf&awmfr\/ f dS l 29/ emaxm - ow0gwd\ tusKd ;pD;yGm;udk awmifwawmfrwwfaom Yk h l aMumifvnf;aumif;? wpfaxmifig;&mudavomudk ylyefavmifNrKd uap h h f wwfaomaMumifvnf;aumif;? ow0gwdtay: pd;k rd;k jcif;udk jyKawmfrl h Yk wwfaomaMumifvnf;aumif;? ow0gwd\ tpD;tyGm;udk jyKawmfrwwf h Yk l aomaMumifhvnf;aumif;? ow0gwdkY\ udk;uG,ftm;xm;&mjzpfawmfrl aomaMumifvnf;aumif; emx[k 0daoo*kP&nfbUJG trnf&awmfr\/ h f dS l 30/ yaeawm- Ak'puK? "rpuK? orEpuK? 'dApuK? ynmpuK [k qdktyfaom ig;yg;aompuKwdkYESihf jynhfpHkawmfrlaomaMumihf yaew [k 0daoo*kP&nfbUJG trnf&awmfr\/ f dS l wd- od?Yk wd om,- 30 aom *kaP[d*PawmfwEifh H k f Ykd S orE-jynhpawmfraom? wHb*0E-xdjk rwfpmbk&m;ud?k 0Emrd-&Sc;kd yg\ H f kH l H G d jrwfpGmbk&m;/ (*kPfawmf 30) aomb*0g-xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;onf31/ y0wm- txl;xl;tjym;jym;aom a'oemenf;wdjYk zihf w&m;awmfukd a[mMum;awmfrwwfaomaMumihf y0wm [k r*Fvmedrdwfjy 0dod|*kPf l &nfbGJUtrnf&Sdawmfrl\/ 32/ yg&*l- edAmefwnf;[laom wzufurf;oda&mufawmfraomaMumihf Yk l (0g) b0oHo&m jzwfausmumvQi?f acrmaomifeef;? wpfzufurf;od?Yk f vSr;f wufawmfrNl y;D jzpfaomaMumihf (0g) b0orkj'm? oHo&m0,f? wPSm a&vsOf? tNrJ,SOf? av;cGifMoC? vdIif;vHk;<uom;? arm[eufdIif;? csiwuyi;f vnf;? rEdi;f tyf&m? a'gorSmrl? rkewi;f wlvsu?f jiLplapmif; fh G f kd I f dk ajrmif;? ig;rdausmif;ESi?fh raumif;'d|?d tususvQi?f 0dpupm? ,Hrm;pGm[k? d d d d k S udavom ausmufaqmif? uGi;f uma&Smif? azmifr*iBf u;D ? NirNhf irp;D ? d d hf aomifBuD;urf;om? qdkxdkuf&mom;? acrm&dyfcsrf;? wpfzufurf;odkY? wufvr;f <ua&mufawmfrwwfaomaMumifh yg&*l [l rSw,z,&m S l f l G f r*Fvmedrdwfjy 0dod|*kPf&nfbGJUtrnf&Sdawmfrl\/ 33/ yk&do'rom&xd- qHk;rxdkufaom vla,musfm;? ewfa,musfm;? bDv;l a,musm;? wd&pmefa,musm;wdukd qH;k rawmfrwwfaomaMumihf f f Yk l yk&do 'rom&xd [k 0dod|*kPf&nfbGJUtrnf&Sdawmfrl\/ 34/ yk&domZanm- vkvuJjrifh? ZGJUudk0ifh? &J&ihfaoma,musfm; tmZmenfjzpfawmfrlaomaMumihf yk&omZn [k 0daoo*kPf&nfbGJU d trnf&Sdawmfrl\/ 35/ yk&omwdoa,m- oDv? orm"d? ynm? bke;f uHyg&rD? owd0&,? d D d ZGowd&aom a,musm;wumwdxuf uJveaoma,musm;xl;a,musm; J dS f Yk G f f f jrwf jzpfawmfrlaomaMumifh yk&domwdo, [k 0daoo*kPf&nfbGJU trnf&Sdawmfrl\/ 36/ yk&owarm- teEykn teE*kP teEP teEawZteE d k 'd teEZw[k xkwr*Fvm tpOfjzmaom r[myk&otwkvxGwzsm; k d d d f a,musfm;jrwfjzpfawmfrlaomaMumihf yk&dokwr [k tEkw&*kPf&nf bGJUtrnf&Sdawmfrl\/ 37/ Aka'g- 'kuork',? eda&m"ESi?fh r*wjzm? av;opmud?k q&mrul? o,rLPfpr;f jzihf odawmfrwwfaomaMumihvnf;aumif;? a0ae,s G l f ow0gwduvnf; odapawmfrwwfaomaMumihvnf;aumif; Ak' [l Yk kd l f 0daoo*kPf&nfbGJUtrnf&Sdawmfrl\/ 38/ jA[mblawm - wefc;kd &Se0g? tmPmxefjyif;? jA[mrif;Bu;D ozG,f d f jzpfawmfraomaMumihf jA[mblw [k 0daoo*kP&nfbUJG trnf&awmf l f dS rl\/ 39/ b*0g- &d,? "r? ,o? oD&?d umr? y,wwnf;[laom bke;f awmfajcmufyg;ESijhf ynhpawmfraomaMumihf b*0g [k r*Fvmedrdwf f kH l jy 0dod|*kPf&nfbGJUtrnf&Sdawmfrl\/ 40/ bl&yanm- urmajrBuD;txkESifhwlaom teEtoacsF,s ty d ar,synmESijfh ynhpawmfraomaMumihf bl&yn [k 0daoo*kP&nfbUJG f kH l d f trnf&Sdawmfrl\/ wd-od?Yk pwmvDom, 40-twdi;f t&Sn&aom *kaP[d-*kPawmf k f dS f wdkYESifh orEH-jynhfpHkawmfrlaom? wHb*0EH-xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;udk? t[HtuREkfyfonf? 0Emrd-&Sdcdk;yg\jrwfpGmbk&m;/ (*kPfawmf- 40) aomb*0g-xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;onf41/ r[mumkPaum- Bu;D rm;aomukPmawmf&awmfraomaMumihf d dS l vnf;aumif;? jrwfaomyk*Kd vf ukPm&Saomyk*Kd vjf zpfawmfraomaMumihf d l vnf;aumif;? eHeuftcg pMu0VmwHwi;f rS *Eu#oYkd a&SUIPfuef kd k D G ,uf jzefusuvnf;aumif;? uRwxuaoma0ae,swukd tNrarQmf Y f f dk f Ykd J I aom r[mukPm&SawmfraomaMumihvnf;aumif;? r[mumkPu d l f d [k 0daoo*kP&nfbUJG trnf&awmfr\/ f dS l 42/ r[mrke- urmrsm;pGm&SnMf umaom edpumvywfv;kH vlewfjA[m d wdkY\ udk;uG,f&m psmevmbDr[mu0d rkedtaygif;xuf wpf&Hwpfcg wpfurmom yGifhay:vmaom rkedyk*dKvfjrwfjzpf jrifhjrwfaomrked jzpfawmfraomaMumifh r[mrked [k 0daoo*kP&nfbUJG trnf&awmfr\/ l f dS l 43/ ra[oD - jrwfaomoDvuE*P?f orm"duE*P?f ynmuE*P?f k k k 0drkwduE*kPf? 0drkwdP'euE*kPfwdkYESihf &SmrSD;awmfrlwwfaom aMumihf ra[oD [k MunfnKd z,&m r*Fvmedrw0o|*kP&nfbUJG trnf G f d d d f &Sdawmfrl\/ 44/ rm&Zd- rm&fig;yg;udk zsufqD;okwfoifatmifyGJ,ifawmfrlaom aMumihf rm&Zd [k 0daoo*kPf&nfbGJUtrnf&Sdawmfrl\/ 45/ rm&baem- a'0ykwrm&fukd yg&rDuovawmf\tpGr;f owjd zihf k kd f zsuq;D awmfr\/ udavorm&fukd zsuq;D tyfonf&aomf? tbdocFg&? f l f dS cE? rpKrm&fwukd zsuq;D jcif;udpN y;D \/ odrm&f (5) yg;udk zsuq;D Ykd f Yk f awmfraomaMumihf r&be [k 0daoo*kP&nfbUJG trnf&awmfr\/ l f dS l 46/ rm&mbdb- rm&fig;yg;wdukd vTr;f rd;k zsuq;D awmfrwwfaomaMumihf l Yk f l rm&mbdbl [k rSw,z,&m r*Fvmedrw 0daoo*kP&nfbUJG trnf f l G f d f &Sdawmfrl\/ 47/ rke- tvH;k pHaomw&m;wdukd odawmfraomaMumihf rked [k 0daoo d k Yk l

DHAMMA DEW
"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg; &[ef;&Sifvltm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ *kPf&nfbGJUtrnf&Sdawmfrl\/ 48/ rkeaEm- tm*g&rke?d tem*g&rke?d aoure?d taoure?d yapu d k k rked [k qdtyfaom rked (5)yg;udk tpd;k &awmfraomaMumihf rkeE [k k l d 0daoo*kPf&nfbGJUtrnf&Sdawmfrl\/ 49/ rkedrked- rked (5) yg;wdkYxuf vGefjrwfaom 0daoorkedtwkr&Sd jzpfawmfraomaMumihf rkered [k xkwdMobmr*Fvmedrdwfjy 0daoo l d k *kPf&nfbGJUtrnf&Sdawmfrl\/ 50/ ,wd&mZm- t*om0u? r[mom0u? yuwdom0u[k qdtyf k aom (3) yg;aom &[ef;r*|mef zv|mef &Spwefaom t&d,moHCm f awmf? uvsmPykxZOfoCmawmf[qtyfaom (9) yg;aom&[ef;wd\ k H k kd Yk rif;jzpfawmfraomaMumihf ,wd&mZ [k 0daoo*kPf&nfbGJU trnf&Sd l awmfrl\/ wd-od?Yk yPmom,- (50) aom? *kaP[d- *kPawmfwEi?hf orEf Ykd S H jynhfpHkawmfrlaom? wHb*0EH-xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;udk? t[H-tuREfkyfonf? 0Emrd-&Sdcdk;yg\bk&m;/ (*kPfawmf- 50 NyD;\) aomb*0g- xdkjrwfpGmbk&m;onf51/ ,wda&m- omoemh0efxrf;&[ef;wdkY\ t&Sifocif tpOf xm0& tpdk;&awmfrlaomaMumihf ,wd& [k 0daoo*kPf&nfbGJU trnf&Sdawmfrl\/ 52/ &0dAEK- aerif;\taqGjzpfawmfraomaMumihf &0dAEK [k twkv l *kP&nfbUJG trnf&awmfr\/ f dS l 53/ avmu*k k - avmuoH k ; yg;\ q&mjzpf a wmf r l a omaMumih f avmu*kk [k twkv*kPf&nfbGJU trnf&Sdawmfrl\/ 54/ avmuZdaem- oHk;avmubHkwcGifrSm atmifyvifatmifajreef; ? atmifyef;udqwcsL atmifwcevix atmifawmfrt&Siojl rwf k G f H G f T fh l l f jzpfawmfraomaMumihf avmuZde [k 0daoo*kP&nfbUJG trnf&awmfr\/ l f dS l 55/ avmuaZa|m- aZa|m[rod H avmuo[k jrwfA'avmif;vsm k BuKH ;0g;um rde[ojzih?f avmu\ tBu;D trSL;OD;pD;a&SUaqmiftacgift Yf jrwf jzpfawmfraomaMumihf avmuaZ| [k 0daoo*kP&nfbUJG trnf l f &Sdawmfrl\/ (qufvufazmfjyygrnf) oD w mOD ; (jref r mpm) aemuf a usmzk H ; rS touf 70 t&G , f & S d c J h N yD j zpf a om bk e f ; awmf B uD ; onf ,cktcgwGif bk&m;&Sdcdk;0wfjyKMuolrsm; aemufvdkuf wynfhaygif; aeY p Of y srf ; rQ 3000 ausmf w d k Y E S i h f t wl bk & m;&S d c d k ; w&m;bm0em yGm;rsm;tm;xkwfvsuf&SdaeNyDjzpfonf/ xdkta&twGufrSm arQmfvifh rxm;onfh tHMh op&maumif;avmufaom y&dowfta&twGuf jzpf Ak'0g'"rpcsepe;f t& bke;f awmfBu;D \ touft&G,f ESifh pmaomf H d f H T vGepmrsm;jym;vSaom y&dowfta&twGuf jzpfav onf/ f G

15

uif;&Si;f pGmjzihf if;\ ,kMH unfrI o'gw&m;twki;f ? ra&rwGuEiavmuf d f dk f aom tBurta& twGursm;jzihf &Sc;kd 0wfjyK w&m;usiEicavonf/ d f f d fh dk f hJ
Everyday before sunrise, he arrives at the temple steps, places his feet in his footprints and bends down to pray a few thousand times before walking around the temple.

aeYpOfeeuf aexGuNf y;D onfEifh wpfNyKd ieuf bk&m;ausmif;0ef; H S f usiwpf0uf pBuavQmufaeaom bke;f awmfBu;D onf ausmif;avScg;&if; f kd odkY a&muf&SdvmNyD;onfhaemuf if;rwfwyf&yf 0wfjyKaeus ajccs&m ajc&mcGuf twGi;f eif;csvsuf tBurta&twGuaygif; axmifaomif;csD d f f um bk&m;&Sc;kd 0wfjyKaeavh&onf/ d dS
Afterwords he walks around the temple until the time comes for other prayers. According to Buddhist dogma, one has to live life in a state of meditation and contemplation, so that, after death, he or she could achieve Nibbana, the state of eternal bliss.

xd k Y a emuf w G i f bk e f ; awmf B uD ; onf aemuf x yf a&muf & S d vmMurnf h "r a ,m*D r sm;ra&muf v mMurD tcsd e f t wG i f ; wG i f ausmif;ywfywfvnf wpfaMum pBuavQmuf,if; w&m;"rIrSwfae avonf/ onfrm Ak'0g'"rt& ,HMk unfrI o'gw&m;tay: wGif S taMumif;cHvsuf usihfoHk;aexdkifjcif;yifjzpfavonf/ od k Y j zih f ,H k M unf r I o ' g w&m;tm;BuD ; vmaomtcg if;a,m*Dtaygif;wdonf 0dyembm0em"rEifh av;av;euf euf Yk S qifjcifMI unhaeMu&aom owdy|mef"rusipOfw&m;ESifh tnD if;wd\ f fh Yk b0udk jrKyfESHMuvsuf yGm;rsm;BudK;ukwf tm;xkwf aeMuayawmhonf/ ,if ; od k Y Bud K J ; pm;tm;xk w f M u&jcif ; jzih f w&m;cspf c if olawmfpifuvsmPEG,0if "ra,m*Da,musm;f ? odr[kwf rde;f r wdonf f Yk Yk oEdokcedAme"mwfudk cHpm;vsuf&SdMuavukef\/
During the first years I would pray 2.000 to 3,000 times a day.But I have grown older, so in recent years I have only done around 1,000 each day". "I reconstructed this temple and have prayed and walked around the temple all these times so that after my death my spirit will not suffer." Chi has recently renealed in an interview.

ppOD;yxrqHk;ESpfawGwkef;uqdk&if usKyf[m wpfaeY rSm tBud r f t a&twG u f a ygi;f 2000 uae 3000 avmuf t xd bk&m;&Sc;kd 0wfjyKNy;D w&m;"rawGukd yGm;rsm;tm;xkwcw,f/ 'gayr,fh d f hJ usKyfvnf; touft&G,fBuD;&ihfvmvdkY tdkrif;rpGrf;&Sd vmNyDjzpfwJh vuf & S d E S p f u mvawG r S m awmh wpf a eY w pf a eY r S m tBud r f 1000 avmufreJtm;cJNy;D 0wfjyKym;rsm;Ekiawmhw,f}} ]]usKy[m tck 'Db&m; G d f f k ausmif;Bu;D rSmvnf;yJ ,d,i;f ysup;D vmwmawGukd *kwpdujf yKjyif&if;eJY k G f k bk&m;0wfjyKNy;D w&m; "rawGukd tm;xkwvsuf ausmi;fywfywfvnfrm f S pBuom;aecJwmawGuawmh usKyaoqH;k wJaeYtxd 'DvtvkyawGukd G h f h kd f Because he always uses the same place to pray, the tm;cJNyD; BudK;yrf;vkyfaqmifoGm;rSmjzpfw,f/ 'DvdkusihfBuHBudK;ukwf very soles of his feet have become embedded in the floor, in what tm;xkwae&vdawmh usKy&UJ pdwawG yifyef;qif;&JwmrsK;d vH;k 0 rcHpm; f Yk f f looks like a homage to that many years of uninterrupted belief. &ygbl;}} tb,faMumihfqdkaomf bkef;awmfBuD;onf ausmif;ay:&Sd bke;f awmfBu;D csKiu if;tm; awGUqH ar;jref;pl;prf; vmMu d f k ae&mwpfae&mxJudk tNrJwrf; toHk;jyKvsuf bk&m;&Sdcdk; 0wfjyK um k fh G fh f ur|mef;w&m; yGm;rsm;tm;xkwaeonfjzpfjcif;aMumihf if; tBurBf urf olrsm;tm; txufygtwdi;f yGiyivif;vif; xkwazmf ajymMum;onf[k f d d wH*&rfNrKd UrS vmaom tifwmeuf owif; aqmif;yg;wGif azmfjyavonf/ k tcgcg rwfwyf&yfaecJaom ysOMf urf;cif;ay:wGif if;\ ajc&mESpzuf h f "r 0 D & oE m pGxifuseae&pfjcif;jzpfavonf/ ESpumv aygif;rsm;pGm taESmift,Suf J f f h tjynf j ynf q d k i f & max&0g'Ak ' o moemjyKwu o d k v f

DHAMMANUPASSANA

16

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DHAMMANUPASSANA
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17

awGyJ? t,kwfopm(2)yg;udk vkyf,laewJh jzpf&yfawGjzpfaew,f/ 'gaMumih f rd r d o E m ef r S m tawG ; pd w f r ay:apeJ Y (rS e f y gY b k & m;)/ twd w f p d w f u twd w f u k d j yef w G , f a wmh =ork ' ,op m twd w f u jzpf & yf u d k jyef c H p m;ae&wmu ='k u o p m twd w f p d w f u d k ES d y f u G y f & rS e f ; od w mu=r* o p m twd w f p d w f c sKyf o G m ;wmu=ed a &m"op m aygY (rS e f y gY ) twdwpwu (Zmwd)yJ? (Zmwd)jzpfaeNyjD zpfawmh Zmwdy'um? f d f d k twdwubmjzpfwmudk awG;rd&ifjzpfcwhJ (Zmwd)awG;rdvYkd tJ'we;f u f hJ D k cHpm;&wJh tmHawGu ('kuopm)aygY (rSeygY)? (Zmwd)qdwm? (pdwwpfc) k f k f k pjzpfwmvnf; (Zmwd)yJ? jrwfpmbk&m;u (Zmwdy'um)vdYk a[mw,f G d k r[kwvm;(rSeygY)/ f f tarh0rf;xJrm(pdw) oGm;jzpfwmuvnf; (Zmwd)yJ? twdwukd S f f awG;rdw(pdw)uvnf; (cEmig;yg;)&wJh (Zmwd)yJ? 'Dtwdwpw(Zmwd) hJ f f d f ay:Ny;D Z&m? r&PysuwmaygY? (Zmwdy'aumr&Pyd'um)aygY? (Oyg'ff d k k |d-bif)vnf;ac:w,f? aeYpOf twdwpwawGeyJ (Zmwd? Z&m? r&P) f d f YJ ork',opm(jzpfvdkuf)'kuopm&vdkuf (ysufvdkuf)eJY? ork',opm& vdu?f 'kuopm&vdueYJ (t,kwopm 2 yg;)eJyJ oHo&mvnfaeMuw,f? k k f f Y (r*)eJY (eda&m")u rygMubl;? aoawmhvnf; (ork',)pdwjf zpfwhJ b,f b0a&mufvygvJeyJ (Zmwd) wpfzefxyf&MuOD;r,f? arG;vmawmhvnf; Ykd YJ ('kueJYork',)awGyJvnfaeMuwmyJ? 'DvdkeJY umr(11)bHkom;awG[m ('ku)eJY (ork',)uvGJvdkY tjrwfopm(2)yg;udk rodMubl;(rSefygY)/ twdwfpdwfeJY aevdkufvdkY&Sd&if aocgeD;usawmh b,fwHk;u bmvSL'gef;cJhwmqdkwmudk trSwf&wJhtwdwfpdwf (ork',)aMumihf aumif;rIuHjzpfNyD; ewfjynfok*wdrSmjzpfwJh (pdwf)uvnf; (Zmwd)yJ? vlYjynfu ukokdvfaumif;rIuHav;&Sdoavmuf ewfjynfrSmjzpfwmyJ/ aumif;rIuue&if ewfoufa<uNy;D raumif;rIuH tusK;d ay;vm&if vlY H k f jynfausmNf y;D wd&pmefawmifjzpfMuw,f? 'gaMumihf 'Dvtwdwpwukd kd f d f ESyuywwfv&&if oHo&mjywf (y#dporkyg 'f)jywfNy;D (r*)eJY (eda&m") d f G f Ykd dS jzpfNyD; (edAmef)a&mufaMumif;jzpfwmaygY 'umBuD;(rSefygYbk&m;)/ (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf ) (pmrsuf E S m 12 rS )

(3) ay;vSLtHh[k EIwfxGufpum;ajymMum;&jcif;xuf &uf&ufa&ma&mvufawGY vSLEkizu ykcufc\/ d f Ydk d J (4) &uf&ufa&ma&mvufawGay;vSLEkijf cif;xuf ay;vSL Y d Ny;D aemuf aemifw wpfzefrylyefzyyifcufcjJ yef\/ Ydk dk xkdYaMumifhaus;Zl;&Sif rmefvnfq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;u ]]rdrdOpm? ESpfoufpGmukd? o'gMunfjzL? ay;tHh[l? vSLrnf 0rf;xJ? BuHr&J&Sifh? BuHcJpGmonfh? BuHonf&Sdvnf;? rNidrem;? rE e f t m;jzif h ? toG m ;rwk H ; ? xd v Qif q k H ; rQ? ok H ; qJ h o k H ; zef ? vufopfjyefonfh? oefvsuf"m;ukd? xif&Sm;jyufjyuf? rsKdaom xufvQif? EIwfxGufigonf? ay;rnf>rufcJ? >rufu yJvsuf? &J&J&uf&uf? tay;cuf&Sifh? qufqufrkcs? ay;NyD; rSvnf;? aemif w ryl ? cJ p G [ l \ }}[k 'ge twG u f t cuf a v;yg; uk d pyfqkdawmfrlcJhayonf/ (rCa'0vuFmopf? ykawm 0g'cPf;? tykd'fa& - 285)/ t&Siovmpm&(yJc;) f D l NrdKUOD;awm&pmoifwkduf? zm;uefY

THE RENAISSANCE

18

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armif x d e f 0 if ; (opf a wm)

rE a v;aejynf a wmf B uD ; ay:xG e f ; rnf u d k jrwf p G m bk & m; rd e f Y c G e f ; awmf a cRawmf r l c J h j cif ; oHk;avmuxGwfxm; oAnKjrwfpGmbk&m;ocifonf vufrI pufrtwwfynmrsK;d pHEifh xdywef;omoemh0efaqmifwjYkd zihf omoem I k S f awmfxGef;vif;&m NrdKUawmfBuD;jzpfrnfudk tem*wHo PfpGrf;jzihf jrifawmfrlcJhavonf/ jrwfb&m;bke;f acgifonf nDzm;vdrrm tmeEmESitwl? ZrL k G f fh ysUH arT; rEav;awmifajrtiloYdk uGecs<D ujref;awmfrcz;l avonf/ xdpOf Yf l hJ k umvxdktcgu vjynhf0ef;wpfrQ vSy&Tef;pnfaom rsufESm&Sdojzihf pErctrnf&aom bDv;l ronf o'gMunfnKd jcif;ydruvevojzihf rdrd k D dS k kd J G f S \ yef;iHkES,fyHk om;jrwftpHkudk a`cGjzwfum vSL'gef;cJhavonf/ xdtcg jrwfpmbk&m;&Siu aemufawmfyg nDawmftmeEmtm;k G f ]]td..nDbm;tmeEm pErcrnfaom bDv;l rum; igbk&m; k G k D omoemawmf 2400 jynhaom tcseumvtcgor,wGif rEav; f d f awmifaovmt&yf &mZ"meD rif;aejynfawmfBu;D wnfaxmifzefqif;Ny;D igbk&m;\ omoemawmfukd vGepmcs;D ajrmufojl zpfvrrnf} [k rdece;f f G d fh Yf G awmfvSpfa`cGawmfrlcJhonf/ jref j ynf t acgif ref ; a&T a wmif 0 ,f ,if;jzpfpOfxymwftaMumif;&yfukd pmqdawmfynm&Sd trwf k k Bu;D pavOD;yknu atmufyg&weme'Darmfue;f ESpy'jf zihf rSwwrf;wifchJ G f kd f avonf/ ]]b0E*?l o,rLvQi?f ESpqpMum? a'opmjzih?f okemy&ef? f l eufoefXmeD? wr'DodkY? yg&rDEk? a0aepkudk? arQmfI&G,f&nf?cRwftHh vnfaomf? jrefjynftacgif? ref;a&Tawmif0,f? va&mif puf0g? vuPm ESihf? rsufESmMunfjr? &Tef;&Tef;yonfh? pErkcD? ewfem&DvQif? od*OD;opf? ZrL&pfodkY? uspfvpfzGHUxGm;? &ifnHhom;udk? w&m;TwfEl;? yef;ES,fcl;? aus;Zl;av;euf? vSL'gef;qufaomf? a&Tiuu&0du?f awmifv;kH ndwrQ? S f f xdwxwo[ef? &ifuwGeo?Ydk qif;Mueftifn?D r,fa'0Dtm;? 0pDeufw?H f d f h f

Asm'dwojH zih?f awmif,E;Id edr?hf NzKd ;NzKd ;odronf? NirNhf irywifcwfw;D wnf;/}} f H fh d d hf hJ ]]'DyvuFm? ok"rmESi?fh acw&mpH? yk*awmifwnf? 0a&Tjynf H NrKd u&nf"rpuf? igYEweufvQi?f rGe;f csuo&e?f xGe;f cJxeNf y?D tmvdef f I f f l d h d acGw?f odaExwo?Ykd 0ifo0wfa&mif? jrcd;k arSmifonf? ref;awmifordu?f G G f k ajrrud#xuf? vTiuomoem? ESpaxmifom ig;&m"Ge&n?f tGeYf k f fh kd f f Yf S pnfaomf? onfewfE,?f uvsmi,fvQi?f e,fZrLjyif? &efrmefEi? S S f tdr&ipnfBu;D ? tvdw;D vdr?hf iJNh c;D aMumfa<u;? ESpaxmifa&S;wd? av;&m f S f k f tp? xGe;f onfuyif? aZ,sawZ? aeva&mifjcnf? ref;awmifwnfom;? Munfo&meH? pufysp;D vGw?f avmu"mwfu?kd qH;k jzwfaqmfE;Id ? uke;f abmif H dk;vQif? wefcdk;jynhfpHk? wdkufvHk;NcHK? a&TbHk&wem? jynfatmifomudk? edrmewfwl? wnfwHh[lonf? &Spfql&dyfMum nD;nD;wnf;../}} rE a v;awmif x d y f qk a wmif ; jynh f b k & m;teD ; bD v l ; rapwD ,if;txufygorki;f aMumif;udk cdirmonftaejzihf rEav; d k f h awmifawmfxyf qkawmif;jynhb&m;teD; bDv;l rapwDawmf pErcD d f k k bDv;l ryHuvnf;aumif;? awmifxufPfawmf 18 awmif&dS Asm'dyay; k kd f a&Tyym;qif;wkawmfBu;D udvnf;aumif; xkvyyaZmfcMhJ uavonf/ k f G k k f l pErcbv;l ryHrm rEav;awmifomoemjyK&aohBu;D OD;cEprH k D D k S D D oGef;vkyfcJhaomyHkjzpf? Asm'dwfay;a&TkyfyGm;awmfBuD;rSm rEav;wnf axmifpu xkvyyaZmfcaom rlvkyym;awmfjrwfrS qihym;vmaom k f l hJ f G f G ud,pm;qif;wkawmfjzpfonf/ rif;wke;f rif;w&m;Bu;D \ rlvukovawmf k f kd f jzpfaom kyym;awmfjrwfrm 1255 ckEpf rD;oifc&m yHawmfukd topf f G S S h hJ k rGrf;rHjyifqif vkyfaqmifxm;jcif;jzpfavonf/ rE a v;Nrd K Uawmf w nf x G e f ; &ef wabmif a y:jcif ; ]]oD&y0& 0dZ,meE,o y@dwr[m"r&mZm"d&mZm}} wHqyf d d emrHukd cH,awmfraom yroH*g,emwif b0&Sif rif;wke;f rif;w&m;Bu;D l l onf oufawmf 38 ESp?f ou&mZf 1214 ckEpf waygif;vqef; 11 S &ufaeYwGif rif;tjzpfodkY a&mufawmfrlonf/ rif;tjzpfoa&mufawmfronftcserp tr&yl&NrKd Uawmf Ykd l h d f S pHvawmfrpwenf;onfEifh NrKd Uawmfopfeef;awmfopfwnf pHawmfr&ef kd l d f S l BuHpnfpdwful;awmfrlcJhavonf/ ,if;odkY BuHpnfpdwful;qJtcsdefwGif ]]rBuKH pawmif;? xGwrif;avmif;? rif;aumif;&Gmjynf? rEav; f at;pdrfhwnf? av;rnfuRef;udk? jzL0ef;rdk;? tpdk;&awmfrlvdrhfrnf}} ]]touf&napvd?k ref;awmif&yc}kd } S f d f ponfh wabmifrsm;ay:vmonf/ ,if;wabmifrsm;onf rif;wke;f rif;w&m;Bu;D tm; jrefjrefqefqef NrKd Uwnfjzpfatmif Ed;I aqmfouJh okdY jzpfavonf/ Nrd K Uawmf w nf o ih f a Mumif ; pmoG i f ; Mujcif ; rif;wkef;rif;w&m;BuD;onf NrdKUawmftopfwnfoihfroihfudk oHCmomrd? oHCm"dywd? oHCem,u? oHCygarmu? oHCOD;udkif

THE RENAISSANCE
"r0D&onf t&G,foHk;yg;vlom;tm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/ omoemydkifjzpfaom ]aO,s"rmbd rked0& Pudwd oD&d"Z"r aoemywd r[m"r&mZm"d &mZ*kk} paom bGJUwHqdyfemrHawmf 3 xyf&awmfraom q&mawmfb&m;Bu;D OD;aO,sxH oajyig;&Gmpm; rif;vS dS l k ocF,mwdukd apvTw avQmufxm;apawmfronf/ Yk f l omoemawmfydkifq&mawmfbk&m;BuD;onf a&ajrU&SifigwdkY bk&ifonf omoemjyKrif;w&m;jzpfonf/ NrdKUawmfopfeef;awmfopf pdwopfarG;um bk&m;jrwfpmomoemawmfukd cs;D ajrmufawmfrvrrnf f G l d fh [k oabmawmfyuawmfr usr;f *efx;kH pH&onfEitnD NrKd Uawmfopf kd f l dS S fh wnfoihfaMumif;axmufcHtm;ay;oihfaMumif; `rGwfMum;awmfrl1/ a&Ta&;aqmifq&mawmf 2/ ql;cg;q&mawmf 3/ anmifuefq&mawmf 4/ uwd;k q&mawmf 5/ acG;csKdq&mawmf 6/ 0dbif;jyefq&mawmf OD;wdavmu[laom wHqdyfawmf& q&mawmf(6)yg;udk odu"mwfpma[mif;pmwrf;rsm;ESifh ndEi;f qufoi;f & k f Id G rnf[k rdefYawmfrlojzihf azmfjyygq&mawmfrsm;toD;oD;pmqufoGif;& avonf/ vlynm&Swuvnf; NrKd Uawmfopfwnf pHawmfroihaMumif; d Ykd l f pmoG i f ; Muonf / bH k a usmf q &mawmf p aom q&mawmf t csd K Uwd k Y u NrdKUawmfopfwnf&ef oabmwlawmfrrlMuacs/ &wemyH k a &T N rd K Uawmf e ,f e d r d w f 4 &yf a &T B ud K ;owf r S w f j cif ; 0ef&iawmfjrawmifNrKd Upm; aoewf0efBu;D r[mrif;vSausmol S f f polwdkYonf 1218 ckESpf wydkYwGJvqef; 3 &ufaeYwGif tr&yl&NrdKUrS rEav;awmif&&m t&yfoom; NrKd Ueef;&m csO;f eif;MunhMI u&m rEav; dS Ykd G f awmifawmfukd A[dxm; awmifzufukd 'k|0wDjrpf? ajrmufurw&mjrpf k kd taemufukd {&m0wDjrpf? ta&SUudk ewfxyawmif;kd txd? &wemyHa&TNrKd U d f k awmfe,f 4 &yf edrwa&TBuKd ;? owfrw NrKd Uawmf eef;awmfwnfxm;&ef d f S f oihonfh yHprsm;a&;om;MuNy;D wydwvqef; 4 &ufaeY eHeuf nDvmcH f k H Yk JG rSeeef;awmfpEkaqmifwif qufoi;f &m? ae&mum; eef;awmf ae&m f G G um; NrKd Uponfjzihf eef;&mNrKd U&mrsm;udk rif;w&m;Bu;D ud,wif ydi;f jcm; k f kd k owfrwawmfronf/ S f l rE a v;Nrd K Uod k Y ajymif ; a&T U awmf r l j cif ; rEav;NrKd Uawmfwif NrKd Ueef;awmf wnfvy rNy;D rD ,m,Dpeef; G k f H awmfwnfaqmufNy;D ? 1219 ckEpf 0gqdvqef; 12 &ufMumoyaw;aeYwif S k G tr&yl&NrdKUawmfrS rdzk&m;acgifBuD;ESihftwl wdrfOD;va&mif qifrawmf xufa&Tpufawmfwif aemufo;kH wyf0if; ud,&awmftcif;tusi;f rsm; k f H ESifh rEav;NrKd UodYk ajymif;a&TUpHawmfronf/ l eef ; pOf b k & m;rsm;ES i h f ? oH C mawmf 500 ausmf u d k v nf ; yih f a qmif j cif ; 1219 ckEpf wefaqmifre;f vjynhausmwif rEav;NrKd Uawmf S k f f G pG,awmfpifrp q&mawmf oHCmawmfrsm; oDwif;oH;k &ef ,m,D f S ausmif;awmfrsm; aqmufvkyfNyD;pD;NyDjzpf tr&yl&NrdKUrS kyfyGm;awmf pG,awmf"mwf? yd#uwfawmf? toDw&[Em? omoemjyK omoemydif f d k q&mawmfb&m;Bu;D ESifh wHqyawmft&-r& oHCmawmf 500 ausmfwYkd k d f udk rEav;NrKd UawmfopfoYkd yifaqmifMuonf/ h ]tk w f u spf a usmf a t; rE a v;}ES i h f t nD Nrd K Uawmf u sH K ;awmf r sm; yE u f c sjcif ; 1221 ckEpf uqkevqef; 13 &ufaeY nOfh 2 csuw;D ausmf S f f

19

14 &uf we*FaEGaeYot0if em&Djynhf 2 yg'ftcsewif tajrmufoMH um; Ykd d f G tcgawmfESihftnD 1/ a&TNrdKUawmfBuD; 2/ usHK;awmf 3/ r[mavmurm&ZdeapwDawmf f 4/ odrfawmfBuD; 5/ r[mtwkv a0,efausmif;awmf 6/ yd#uwfwdkufawmf 7/ ok"rmZ&yfawmf [laom 7-Xmeudk wpfcsewnf;wpfNyKd ieufwnf; yEucsrwf d f f f S awmfronf/ l Nrd K Uav;axmih f w G i f qD j ynh f t d k ; BuD ; rsm;jrKyf E S H j cif ; tcgawmfra&mufrD NrdKUav;axmihfwGif ajrtwl; tkwf t*F a w taotcsmvk y f a qmif N yD ; vQif yd m 180 0if tzH k ; ydwpajrtd;k Bu;D rsm; udk twGi;f tjyif pOfowaumif;rGepmvkyaqmif f kH h k f f G f pOft;kd Bu;D wpfv;kH wpfv;kH twGi;f ESr;f Bu;D qD ydm 40? ESr;f vsiqD 40? h f rkefnif;qD 40? oHk;&aygif; qDydmcsdef 120 udkxnhfoGif;apNyD;vQif NrNJ rcicatmif zH;k ydwNf y;D rS 1221 ckEpf uqkevqef; 13 &ufaeY? nOfh H kd f hH S f 2 csuw;D ausm?f 14 &ufwe*FaEGaeYot0if 2em&D? 3yg'f? 5 ADZem? 1 f Ykd jyef? c&mjynhf tcsdefrwdrf;r,drf;ap& wnhfrwfpGm qDtdk;BuD;rsm;udk jrKyfESHapavonf/ ref;ESpf 150 jynhftxdrf;trSwfyGJawmf odjYk zpf ,ckvmrnfh 1371 ck uqkeqef; 13 &uf? 2009 f ckEpf arv 6 &uf Ak'[;l aeYwif &wemyHrEav;a&TNrKd UawmfBu;D NrKd Uwnf S G k eef;wnfEpf (150)jynhajrmufcavNy?D ref;ESpf 150 jynhtxdr;f trSwf S f hJ f tcrf;tem;rsm; qif,ifusi;f yMu&ef qdi&mwdrS pDpOfjyifqifvsuf &Sae k f Yk d MuNyDjzpfonf/ omoemawmf E S p f 2400 jynh f E S p f t xd r f ; trS w f rEav;eef;awmfwnf&mwGif NrKd Ud;k tkwjf rpfoawmif 1 awmif? H tkwfdk;xk 1 wm? t&yfoHawmif 15 awmif? ol&Jcdk oHawmif 3 awmif? 2pkt&yf 18 awmif? tcsif;wm 600? 4 rsufESmwmaygif; 2400 &Savonf/ d ,if;odeef;NrKd Ud;k udk wnfvyonfrm xdpOfu BuKH BuKd ua&muf&dS Yk k f S k f onfh omoemawmfEpf 2400 jynha&mufaomtcg wnfvyonfh S f k f txdrf;trSwftaejzihf wnfjcif;jzpfonf/ ]]&S i f b d k ; awmf & if ; ? rif ; xuf r if ; vQif ? eef ; cif ; ajrMuef ? csih f a 0zef v suf ? a&T Pf y d k u f B uH K ;? tpOf x H k ; jzih f ? Nrd K UusH K ;apwD ? o* v QH a rmif ; ? od r f a usmif ; ok " r m ? a&T p mtjrwf ? yd # uwf w d k u f ? orduNf rre?f ckepfXmefu?kd aqmifzefatmifpnf? wpfNyKd iwnf;u}} k J S f odponfjzihf eef;awmfNrKd Uawmfwukd wnfaqmufawmfr Yk Ykd l rif ; wk e f ; rif ; w&m;onf wd k i f ; jynf E k d i f i H a wmf u d k tk y f c sKyf a wmf r l jrwfpmbk&m;omoemawmfjrwfBu;D udvnf; rsm;pGmyGivif;pnfyifatmif G k fh csD;ajrmufjyKpkawmfrlavonf/ armif x d e f 0 if ; (opf a wm) pmudk;/ / yckuLNrdKU? r[m0dokwm&mrwdkuf? omoeaZmwd y gvausmif ; ? "r m p&d , *P0gpu bD a t(*k P f x l ; )q&mawmf t &S i f a uvmojyKpk a wmf r l a om ]rE a v; omoem0if } usrf ; /

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

20

"r0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/

rH&GmNrdK hr[mv,fwDwduf? usrf;jy k k

v,fwDq&maw

k l a&;om;jyKpawmfra

v,fwDedAmefw&

The Ledi Dhamma by MAHA THERA LED (v,fweAmefusr;) (L Dd f

edAmef[onf avmuDtmHwxuf vGejf rwfaom avmukw&m w&m;/ cEmrSvwaom cE0rww&m;/ ,kwnaom &m*? a'go? arm[ udavom l k Ykd G f d k f f Hh jzpfysufrpJ woJoJaom edrdwftaygif; csKyfNidrf;ukefqHk;&mw&m;/ qif;&J'kutaygif;wdkYrS uif;Nidrf;vGwfajrmuf aomw&m;/ yk*dKvf ow0g ponf twwr dkY xdkw&m;jrwfonf ykxkZOfwdkY\ PfESifhrSef;qr&? cufcJ eufeJaomw&m;/ *rD&Pf? Z0ePf? [moPf? wduPf? wdu ynm? 0 xdrQeufecufcaom w&m;xl;w&m;jrwfukd usr;f jyKtausmf urmausmf r[max&fausmf v,fwq&mawmfb&m;Bu;D zGiq&i;f jy awmfrconfh ]]v,fwe k J J D k hf kd S l hJ D ESpfbmomedAmefusrf;wdkYudk "r0D& "rrdwfaqG olawmfpifrsm; avhvmyGm;rsm;awmfrlEdkifMuap&ef rl&if;twkdif; azmfjyvdkufygonf/ jrif ; rd k & f a wmif E S i h f r[myx0D a jr jrif;rd&awmifBu;D wpfcv;kH vnf;aumif;? r[myx0DajrBu;D k f k wpfcv;kH vnf;aumif; y&rwfajr"mwfoufoufukd Munhvonf&aomf k f kd dS tPkjrLrQ txnfj'yfr&S?d cufrmaom tjcif;t&m Bu,moabmouf d oufudk uGujf cm; Munf&onf/ tPkjrLrQ txnfj'yfr&SdbJ rSexJ h f xifaom t&dyBf u;D uJojYkd rifvrrnf/ tPkjrLrQavmuf t&Sntwdk tBu;D h hd f f ti,f tcJtrmxifvmvQif y&rwfajrtppf r[kwfNyD/ oPme ynwfj'Af txnfEia&mNy/ oPmeynmj'Af txnfEia&mcJvQif jzpfrI S fh D S fh h ysufrIudkIaomtcg rxifEdkifbJ aewwfonf/ jrif;rd&awmif r[myx0DajrBu;D wdukd tukeNf cKH Munhaom k f Yk f tcgyif tcJtusdwf txnf0wKtPkjrLrQ ra&mr,SufbJ y&rwf tppftrSejf zpfaom cufrmrI[aom ajr"mwfoufoufukd xifjrifatmif l IEiotm; xdatmufi,faom ouf&oufrw y&rwfppfjzpfaom kd f l k dS hJ Ykd ajr"mwfudk xifjrifatmifIrItvGefvG,fvSawmhonf/ rSefxifaom t&dyf a&xifaom t&dyf opfyif&yf awmif&ytp&Saom t&dywYkd d d f d f onf jrif;rd&awmifrQyif Bu;D rm;pGm xifjrif&jim;aomfvnf; tPkjrLrQ k f txnf j 'yf r &S d o nh f t wG u f a Mumih f aysmuf c G i h f y suf c G i h f q d k u f c J h v Qif rsuawmifwpfcwf vQywpfjyuftwGi;f rSmyif tBurwpf&mru aysmuf f f d f EdiysuEiouJo?Ykd xdtwl jrihr&awmfEitrQ ysUH ESUH Bu;D us,aeaom k f f kd f h Yk f kd f S hf f xdy&rwfajr"mwfonfvnf; wpfcwnf;aom y&rwfqef y&rwfc[ k k J l tPkjrLrQr&SonhtwGuf rsuawmifwpfcwf vQywpfjyuftwGi;f rSmyif d f f f tBurwpf&mru aysmufysuu,yEdi&maom t&dyerwf xifjrifEif d f f G f k f f d d dk vdrrnf/ rdruk, xdy&rwfppfjzpfaomajr"mwfukd tvif;aygufatmif fh d d f k Munhaomtcg PfiEiavmuf?kH Pf0g;EdiavmufkH ydi;f ydi;f f I kH kd f k f k k Munhf/
Mount Sineru and the Earth In the whole of Mount Sineru or the Earth, earth element in the absolute sense cannot be found anywhere not even on the scale of an atom. Only its nature of extension can be delineated for examination where its material form will not even assume the dimensions of an atom, but will as immaterial as an image appearing in a mirror or on the surface of water. Should its material dimensions become discernible even on the scale of an atom, what has been seen is not earth element in its absolute sense but only misconceiving the designation of form. Should the designation of form be mistaken for material substance, meditation on the phenomena of formation and dissolution might become difficult to discern. On examination of the Mount Sineru and the Earth, when the earth element is discerned without even noticing an atom of matter, and the absolute nature of solidity and hardness has been noted, meditation on this earth element in the absolute sense evident in smaller animate and inanimate entities become very easy. Though the reflection in a mirror or the surface of water of trees or mountains may be on a scale larger than that of Mount Sineru, such reflections do not have even one atom of matter in them so that should the chance for them to disappear or break apartarise it will occur within a wink of the eye or a flash of lighting. In the same way, though the extent of the earth element may be even larger than the Mount Sineru itself due to the fact that it does not boast even one atom of matter in the absolute sense, that it may undergo dissolution for more than a hundred times within a wink of the eye or flash of lightning will become evident in one's mind.When one tries to discen this earth element in one's body, it will be advisable to examine part by part to

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

"r0D&onf ausmif;om;ausmif;olrsm;twGuf jzpfonf/

21

uf? usrf;jyKtausmf urmausmf

&mawmfbk&m;BuD;

k l m;jyKpawmfraom

mma on Nibba na by A LEDI SAYADAW ) (Ledi Nibban)

efw&m;awmfrsm;

[ udavomtaygif;wdYk csKyq;kH ukeaysmuf&mw&m;/ oEd yuwd Niroufat;Nir;f aomw&m;/ okc ylyefaMumifMh uawmifwrIuif; vGepmcsr;f omaomw&m;/ f f d f d h f G onf twwdkYrS uif;qdwf&mw&m;/ wdu ynm? 0dyemPfynmwdkYjzihf ydkif;jcm;pdwfjzmavhvmwwfrS jrifEdkif odEdkifaom t&d,mwdkY\ 'ePfjrifjzifhom odjrifEdkifaomw&m; jzpf\/ nfh ]]v,fweAmefw&m;awmfrsm;}} udk &efueNf rKd U em*vdP*l uav;0q&mawmfb&m;Bu;D \aus;Zl;jzihf rdcif{&m0wDwurS xkwa0 cJaom jrefrm-t*Fvyf D d k k f k kd f f h d ("r0&) D OD;acgif;ydkif;udk ydkif;MunfhyHk OD;acgif;udk ydi;f Munhaomtcg twGi;f jyif rjcm;rem; xkwf k f csi;f aygufatmifMunf/ ajr"mwfr[kwaom tqif;"mwf ckcaewwf h f H onf/ oPmeynwfj'Af txnfBu;D vnf; ckcaewwfonf/ Pfukd H MuyfMuyfvyay;av/ ajcz0g;wdiatmif atmuftzdpuvnf; Pf I f k f Yk k kd EdikH EdikH ydi;f Munh/ wpfu,v;kH pyfraomtcg Pfukd OD;xdyuae k f k f k f kd f d f &G,vuvQif ajcz0g;wdiatmif xkwjf cif;aygufxi;f oGm;vdrrnf/ f dk f k f G hf rdru,cEmwpfc "mwfaygufatmifjrifcvQif pMu0VmteE urm d kd f k hJ teE &SorQaom ow0gcEmpktukev;kH "mwfaygufNy;D jzpfawmhonf/ d f y&rwf ajr"mwfwpfcaygufoGm;vQif <uif;aom a&"mwf k rD;"mwf av"mwf puK aomw paom tZwu "mwf? ly o' d paom Am[d&"mwfpenf;? azmufenf; tvGev,ueawmhonf/ k I f G f k f wGia&GUum; yx0D[aom ajr"mwfukd "mwfPfayguf f l atmif I e nf ; t>ruf N yD ; \/ y&rwf E S p f a&"mwf t ppf y&rwfESpf a&"mwftppfum;wG,rI uyfrI zGUJ ap;rIonfomvQif y&rwf a&"mwf tppf f wnf;/ xdw,rI uyfrI zGUJ ap;rI[aom y&rwf a&"mwfonf xufoef k G f l jcif;odYk a&mufonf&aomf pdpwjf cif; ,dp;D jcif; [laom y*&Pa&"mwf dS k G k jzpfav\/ xdw,rI uyfrI ap;rI [laom tmAEeBu,m oufoufrQ k G f d omjzpfaom y&rwfa&tppfonfvnf; tPkjrLudk tpdwfwpfodef; pdwaomfvnf; wpfpwpmrQ tcJtuswtqeftrm txnfj'Af[ f d f d f l r&S/ wG,uyfzUJG ap;jcif;Bu,mtrlt&m oufoufrQomwnf;/ xdw,f d f d k G rI uyfrI zGJUap;rI[laom y&rwfa&"mwfonf ajr"mwf rD;"mwf av"mwf oH;k yg;wdukd wpfcwnf;wpfom;wnf;uJoaeatmif zGUJ aESmif Yk k h Ykd
an extent that one is capable of taking on that task. Dissecting the Head When dissecting the head, try not to differentiate between its exterior and interior, but try to see through it all. In this operation, its appearance, which does not constitute the earth element, tends to obstruct the view. Its designated form also might become a resisting factor. Try to juggle your perspective in order to gain the proper insight. Try to view the netherparts right down to the soles of the feet as far as one's capacity for insight permits. When a view from head to toe has been achieved, from the vantage point above one's head, a penetrating view of one's anatomy right down to the soles of the feet will be afforded. When one gains an insight of one's own anatomy, an incisive view of the numberless planets of the universe, the innumerable cosmic systems and the sentient beings inhabiting them are open to view. After the earth element in its absolute sense has been envisioned, perceiving the remaining elements of water, fire and air, the intrinsic fundament of sight, hearing etc, and extrinsic aspects of form, sound and the like are all too easy. This concludes the method of incisively perceiving the earth element or pathavi. The absolute essence of the water element The absolute reality of the water element consists of the tendency to cling, to adhere and agglutinative construction. When these tendencies are developed to a high degree, the characteristics of wetness and oozing give rise to the flowing and cohesion of the water element. Though these characteristics of water element be divided into hundreds of thousands of its original manifestation, not even an iota of material solids will be found,

THE 'LEDI' DHAMMA ON NIBBA NA

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"r0D&onf oEdokcodkY a&S;Ionf/

for the tendency to cling and cohere is just the behaviour of the water element. This clinging and cohering quality of the water element acts on the other remaining elements of earth, fire and air to form a homogeneous entity. In this way a cell consisting of the four primary elements have a basis to interact with each other. When this element of cohesion is lost, the remaining three elements lose their cohesion and so dissolved within a short while. In this world from the sub-atomic particle (paramanumu ) to the Asurinda demigod, and in the extrinsic, from the great Mount Sineru, the mountain ranges girdling the cosmos to the earth, the material forms large and small owe their appearance of material substance to the element of water. Apart from this water element or the element of cohesion, there is no element that can provide the wherewithal to become solids. Should Mount Sineru with a bulk of twice the height or depth of 84,000 yojana be deprived of this cohesive force, the whole edifice may well disappear within a twinkling of an eye. Should the cohesive element in this earth vanish, the earth may well disappear its place taken by the void that is space. The reason for it being that, should there be no more cohesive force holding together these entities of Mount Sineru, the mountain ranges of the cosmos, the rocks on this earth, the homogeneous conglomeration of absolute earth, absolute fire and absolute air will have nothing to hold them together. With the exception of nibbana with its unconditioned characteristic, all absolute phenomena cannot exist for more than the blinking of an eye or a lightning flash. When visualizing the water element in the absolute sense with reference to the Mount Sineru or the earth, the earth element or the element of hardness or extension should be differentiated from the element of cohesion, examining the latter exclusively. At this, the form or material substance of the object tends to reslst this seruting (should the material form of the object interfere with one's analytical study of the situation, later contemplation on the occurrence or dissolution of the phenomena might be obfuscated.) Only when the absolute aspects are clearly visualized, anicca, dukkha and anatta may be clearly appreciated. In the same manner that has ben said in connexion with the earth element, when one's perception of the structuring character of the water element has been developed to the point of clarity, the absence of any solidity in the great bulk of Mount Sineru and the earth will become evident as will the fact that they are no more substantial than the reflections of the sky, the clouds, the shining discs of the sun and the moon, but are merely manifestations of the structuring character of the apo element. When this has been perceived, its manifestations in human beings, in celestial gods and in Brahma supreme deities become all too easy to perceive. The overriding aim in this exercise is to perceive it within the context of various forms of sentient beings. The prologue involving Mount Sineru and the planet earth has been depicted just to facilitate its perception in animate beings. After perceiving it clearly by incisively viewing one's own anatomy from head to the soles of the feet, try to perceive it in the forms of others as well. Thus concludes this brief talk on the method of incisively perceiving the apo or water element. (to be continue)

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SPECIAL GIVE A MORALIZING TALKS

"r0D&onf Ak'\ax&0g' "rw&m;tppfxGef;um;&ef jzpfonf/

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SPECIAL GIVE A MORALIZING TALKS

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WITH BEST WISHES MYANMAR HAPPY NEW YEAR

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"r0D&onf t"rw&m;z,f&Sm;Edkif&ef jzpfonf/ (pmrsuf E S m 7 rS ) xdaeYem&D nem&D od&efk ywfoH-wm-&Snf-wD;-oH-jrnf? vuf- qD-uH-pm-a&; [l oHaygufuAsmjyKxm;onf -ywf-oH-wm-&Sn-oHaygufukd eHoifh ocsm,l f F -'k w d , oH a yguf t & (10)wk d ; NyD ; wyk d ; wpf j yef x yf r H wifvdkufvQif&aom ocsFmonf aeYem&Djzpfonf/ t<uif;em&Donf nem&Djzpfonf/ Oyrm wHc;l -ywf-5 udk 10 wd;k -15-wyd;k wif 30 uqkef oH-6-udk 10 wd;k -16 wyd;k wif 32 e,kef wm-7udk 10 wd;k -17 -wHy;kd wif 34 0gqdk &Snf-8udk 10 wdk;-18-wHydk;wif 36 0gacgif wD;-7udk 10wdk;-17wHydk;wif 34 awmfovif; oH-6udk 10 wd;k 16 wHy;kd wif 32 oDwif;uRwf jrnf-5udk 10 wdk;-15 wHydk;wif 30 wefaqmifrkef; vuf-4udk 10 wdk; 14 wHydk;wif 28 ewfawmf -qD-3udk 10 wdk; 13 wHydk;wif 26 jymodk uH-2udk 10 wd;k 12 wHy;kd wif 24 wydkYwGJ pm-3udk 10 wdk; 13 wHydk;wif 26 waygif; a&;-4udk 10 wdk;14 wHydk;wif 28 odypmqdt&rl aeonf a&GUvsm;vSnywfrr&SbJ rdrd 0if;kd H k hf I d ay:vnf wpfae&m wnfhwnfhwGif vnfaeonf/ ur m vH k ; tygt0if N*d K [f B uD ; rsm;u rd r d w d k Y 0if d k ; ay: vSnvnfvsuae\/ qGiif tm;aMumihf aeudk vSnvnf oGm;aeonf/ fh f J fh urm\ t&HN*Kd [-vrsm;vnf; urm N*Kd [\ qGiiftm;aMumihf f f J urmay:wGif 'Da& wufrI-usrIjzpfae&onf[kqdkygonf/ (Ak'pmay t|uxm #Dumusrf;rsm;tqkdt& qm;iefa& <uwufrIaMumihf 'Da&jzpfay:vmjcif;jzpfonf[k qdkygonf/) odyHynm&SifwdkY\ tqdkt& urmonf 23 1^2 'D*&D apmif; 0if;kd tay: (24) em&D wpfywfEe;f jzihf vnfaeonf/ vdarmo;D I f yef;oD;vHk;uJhodkY awmifajrmuf0ifdk;pGef; rsufESmjyif vHk;rIavsmhNyD; jym;oa,mif&onf/ tv,ftauGwmydi;f enf;enf;plxuaeonf[k dS D k G f qdkyg onf/ 0if;kd pGe;f t&Snf rdi(7900)? tDauG wmtcsi;f rdif (7926.7) k f k jzpfonf[qygonf/ 0if;kd ESifh tDauGwm twdi;f twm yrmP (27) k kd k rdiumonf/ k f G urmBuD;\ puf0ef;twdkif;twmrSm rdkifaygif;(25000)cefY &Sdonf[kqdkonf/ urBu;D onf rdr0if;kd ay: 24 em&D wpfywf vnfaeojzihf d puf0ef;twdkif;twm wpfem&Drdkif(1000)EIef;jzihf usifvnfaeouJhodkY vnfaeaMumif; cefre;f Ekiygonf/ Y S d f 24 em&D wpfywfjzihf vnf&if;yif aeudvnf; bJOyHo@mef k k vSnywfoGm;ae&m &ufaygif; 365 &uf (661)em&De;D yg; avmufwif hf G wpfywfywfrdonf[kqdkygonf/ ,if;wpfywf ywfrdumvudk wpfESpf umv tjzpf owfrSwfonf/ usrf ; ud k ; owy'd u yk p m 0d o Z e musrf ; wu o k d v f o Qif o D & d (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf )

xd k i f ; Ed k i f ; iH r S w rl x l ; onf h E S p f q ef ; wpf & uf a eY xdkif;EkdifiHrl ESpfqef;wpf&ufaeYudk trsKd;rsKd;wGufMuonf/ ,if;odYk uGjJ ym;csursm; teuf ,d;k ',m;(xdi;f ) ESp\ av;vESifh ig;vwdYk f k f tul;wGif usi;f yaom yGawmfum; vlx\ ESpopfu;l yGawmfjzpfonf/ J k f J ,if;v twGi;f &SvuG,aeY vqef; 1 &ufaeY? vqef; 2 &ufaeYwwif d f Yk d G rnfonfaeY&uf ESpopfu;l &eftcgawmfusa&mufonfukd ykPm;[l;&m; h f wdkYu wGufcsufMu ESpfqef; wpf&ufaeYudk owfrSwfay;onf/ td E d , Ek d i f i H r S ES p f q ef ; wpf & uf a eY r sm; tdEd,EkdifiHrl ouf0if,HkMunfMuaom bmomt,l0g' tvduf ESifh aexdif Muaom a'orsm;tvduf ESpqef;cseujJG ym; Muonf/ k k k f d f yg&pD vlrsK;d wd\ ESpu;l cseonf pufwifbmv 5 &ufaeYjzpf [dEL 0g'D Yk f d f wk\ESpu;l cseonf Ek0ifbmvwGiusa&muf 'Dyg0vD (a'0gvD)rD;xGe;f Yd f d f d f yGawmf[ac:Muonf/ tcsKUd [dEL wdurlum; [dEL jyu'e\ q,fwpfv J k Yk d f h ajrmufjzpfaom(zm*Ge;f )vwGif usi;f yavh&onf/ ,if;udk [lvyawmf[k dS D JG ac:onf/ wkww\ ESpu;l yGonf azazmf0g&DvtwGi;f usa&mufonf/ f Ykd f J jref r mwd k Y \ ES p f q ef ; wpf & uf a eY jrefrmwd\ ESpqef;wpf&ufaeYonf {Nyv 16 &ufaeY odYk Yk f D r[kwf 17 &ufaeYcefwif usa&mufwwfonf/ Ekiiawmfjyu'eawmf Y G d f H d f quftzGJUu rnfonhfaeY rnfonfhtcsdefwGif ESpfopfqef;rnfudk wGufcsufowfrSwf&onf/ ESpqef;csef vlrsK;d wpfrsK;d ESifh wpfrsK;d rwlMubJ ESpqef;yGawmf f d f J usi;f yMuyHjk cif;vnf; rwlMuay/ jrefrmwd\ ESpopfu;l yGawmfukd oBue[k Yk f J F f ac:onf/ ESpa[mif;rS ESpopfoYkd ul;ajymif;onf[aomteuf t"dyg ,f f f l &onf/ ESpopfukd BuKd qonfoabmjzihf jrefrmwdonf a&yufupm; f kd h Yk Muonf/ vmrnfEpopfwif tnpftaMu;uif;pif ab;b,mrsm;a0;uGm hSf G uif;pifum Munfvifat;jr&SMd uap&ef &nfoefonfh oabmjzpfonf/ vlBu;D rdb q&morm;wdtm; ylaZmfuefawmhMujcif;? tdrwi;f Yk f G tdrjf yif&dS tnpftaMu; trduodursm;udk &Si;f vif; oef&i;f Mujcif;? I f k f Y S OD;acgif;aq;avQmjf cif;? apwD? ykx;kd ? ausmif;uef? Z&yfrsm;odYk xGu f Oykof oDwif;aqmufwnfMuum 'gejyKMujcif;? bk&m;ykx;kd kyym;awmf f G rsm;tm; a&oyg,fjcif; tp&Sonfh usuoa&r*Fvm&Saom ukovf d f d kd aumif;rIrsm;udk jyKMu&if;jzihf r*Fvmtcgor,udk xde;f odr;f apmiha&Smuf f Mu&if; ukeveMf u aponf/ um; jrefrmwd\ r*FvmESpqef; wpf&uf f G Yk f aeYqifETJMuyHkrsm;yifjzpfonf/ jrefrmEdkifiHwGifjrefrmwdkY\ ESpfopful; obifyGJawmfjzpfonfh oBuetcgawmf &Sonfomr[kw?f wdi;f &if;om;vlrsK;d pkrsm; jzpfMuonfh F f d k jynfaxmifpkom;rsm;\ u&if ESpfopful;yGJ? csif;ESpfopful;yGJ? u,m; ESpopfu;l yGponfjzihf wdi;f &if;om;vlrsK;d rsm; tvduf ESpopfu;l yGawmf f J k kf f J rsm;vnf; ESpfpOfpnfum;odkufNrdKufpGm qif,ifusif;y Muavonf/ jynfaxmifpkzGm; wkdif;&if;om; tm;vkH;onf jrefrmrI[kqkdtyfaom wki;f &if;om;tm;vk;H \ ,Ofaus;rItpOftvm rsm;tm; xde;f odr;f jriwif? d hf apmifh&SmufcJhMuonf rSm ESpfaxmifcsDMumjrifhcJhayNyD/ trGeftjrwfxm; tyf a om jref r mrI ? jref r mwk d Y \ ,Of a us;rI tpOf t vmwk d Y t m; avmuom;tm;vk;H rQa0 cHpm;&&SMd uapawmh? arwm? ukPm? rk'wm? d Oayumw&m; urmhNidrf;csrf;a&;ESifh avmuom;rsm; raumif;rIjyK&ef &Sufjcif;? aMumufjcif; wnf;[laom[D&dMowyw&m;jzifh tm;vkH;\ b0Nir;f csr;f pGm pnfyifom,mzHNYG zKd ; wk;d wufvmapawmh[k ESpO;D ? ESpopf? d f f ESpu;l umvwGif qEjyKqawmif;vku&ayawmhonf/ f k d f Nid r f ; csrf ; OD ;

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf Ak'w&m;jzifh avmuudk apmihfa&Smufonf/

27

Ak'bmom0ifw\ r[maus;Zl;&Sif Ykd t&SitmeEm f

jrif h o d e f ; (armf u Ref ; )
(,ciftywfrStquf) aemufo;kH vMumvQif y&deAmef pH0if d awmfrlrnf[kqkH;jzwfawmfrlNyD; aemufwpfaeY wGif a0omvDNrKd Uawmftm; ]qifajymifBu;D uJoYkd h ud,awmfwpfcv;kH udk vSn Munhawmfr&ef k f k fh f l bk&m;&Siq;kH jzwfawmfr\? aemuf (em*gyavm f l udwH tyavmauwGm) a0omvDrS ]b@*gr} odYk <uawmfrconf/ a0omvDonf ]ed*@}wd\ l hJ Yk trmcH e ,f ajrwpf c k j zpf \ / a0omvD & J U ]trygvD}onf tvSaMumihf ausmMf um;emrnf qGrf;usefudk pm;aeaomfvnf; &[ef;vnf; count of those monks who had died in large numbers, to teach the monks other subBuD;cJhygonf/ r[kwf? omraPwpfyg;yif r[kwfygacs/ After the Buddha decided to enter Parinibbana within three months, the next day he left Vesali for Bandagana after taking one last look at the city 'turning his - whole body round like on elephant' (naga palokitam apaloketva). Vesali was a stronghold of 'Niganthas'. Its Ambapali' was famous for her beauty. Wherein the Buddha retired into solitude in a monastery. Ananda's service for others concerning with an interesting event which was also a horror was happened. At that time many of the monks in disgust with their bodies put an end to their lives themselves. Some of them who did not dare to attempt suicide sought out 'Migalandika', who wore the robe of the monks, stayed in the monastery, ate the alms food given-away by the monks, but was neither a monk nor even a movice.

ject of meditation (Kammatthana)by means of which they might obtain 'Insight Knowledge', other than 'Asubha Kammatthana' (loathsomeness as the subject of meditation). The Buddha agreed and promulgated the 'Third Parajika Sikkhapada.

bk&m;&Sif y&dedAmefpH0ifawmfrlNyD; aemuf bk&m;&Si\ "mwfawmfrsm;rS a0pkwpfpk f udk Xmyem apwDwpfqukd a0omvDNrKd Uawmf l wnfxm;cJh\/ xdkrS ESpfaygif;wpf&mwdkif MumNyD;aemuf 'kwd,tBudrf o*Fg,emwif yGJawmfBuD;udk a0omvDteD; ]0gvkum&mr} ausmif;awmf usi;f ycJ/) h
After the Buddha's Demise a portion of his relics was enshrined in the city. One hundred years later the second synod - -was held in 'Valukarama' monastery near -li.) Vesa

ausmif ; wpf a usmif ; bk & m;&S i f wpfyg;wnf; oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrlpOf t&Sif tmeEm\ trsm;tusKd;aqmif&Guf jcif;ESihf ywf o uf pd w f 0 if p m;zG , f E S i h f xd w f v ef Y aMumuf&GHUzG,fvnf; jzpfaom tjzpftysuf wpfckjzpfyGm;cJhavonf/ xdktcgu &[ef; tawmfrsm;rsm;onf rdrdwdkY\ cEmudk,fudk &GGH&SmpufqkyfvmaomaMumihf udk,hfudk,fudk tqH k ; pD & if M uygavawmh o nf / rd r d z mom rowf&owpfcsKd Uu ]rd*v@du} udk awGUoGm; J l Muyg\/ xdorm &[ef;wd\ ouFe;f ud0wf? k l S Yk k &[ef ; ausmif ; rS m ae? &[ef ; wd k Y p G e f Y a om

They asked him to cut of their heads. This he did with a sword and put to death many monks until the Buddha discovered this incident and stopped it. Ananda requested the Buddha, on ac-

udk,hfudk,fudk rowf&Jonfh &[ef;wdkY u rdrdwdkY\ acgif;udkjzwfay;yg[k &efoludk cdkif;apMu\/ udpudk olu "m;wpfvuf wnf;jzihf udpN y;D ap&m &[ef;awmf rsm;pGmudk tqHk;pD&ifNyD;aomtcg bk&m;&Sifod&SdoGm; awmfrlNyD; &yfcdkif;awmfrl&yg\/ ysHawmfrloGm; Mu&Smaom rsm;pGmaom&[ef;awmfwdkYaMumihf ]tokbur|me} (&GH&SmpufqkyfzG,f[k IrSwf &aom ur|mef;tmHk)rS wpfyg; ]0dyem Pf} udk&&SdEkdifaom tjcm;aom ur|mef; tmH k u d k oif M um;ay;awmf r l y g&ef t&S i f tmeEmu bk&m;&Siukd avQmufxm;awmif;yef f In order that people might still ygonf / jrwf A k ' u oabmwl awmf r l N yD ; worship the Buddha, when he was away ]wwd,yg&mZdu odumyk'f}udk ynwfawmfrl on tour, owing to the request made by 'Ana thapindika', the chief lay disciple, Ananda ygonf/ with the assistance of 'King Pasenad i Kosala', 'Visakha', 'Anathapindika' and other lay people, planted the seedling taken from 'Maha Bodhi Tree' at 'Buddha

jrwfAk'a'opm&D<uoGm;awmfrlcdkuf wGif jrwfA'u,pm; qufvuf &Sc;kd ylaZmf k kd f d Ekdif&eftwGuf OygoumwdkY\ tBuD;trSL;jzpf aom ]temxydPoaX;} (temxyd@u)Bu;D f l d \ awmif;yefavQmufxm;csuukd taMumif;jyK f t&SitmeEmonf ]yaoe'Daumovrif; f BuD;}? ]0domcg}? ]temxydPfESihf tjcm;aom 'g,um? 'g,dumrrsm;\ tultnDjzihf ]t&Sif r[marm*vmefrax&f} jrwfBu;D u Ak'*,m&Sd ]r[maAm"dyif}rS ,laqmifvmcJaom taphrS h aygufvmonfh ysKd;yifuav;udk ]aZw0ef} ausmif;awmfy&0kPfwHcg;teD; pdkufysKd;awmf rlygonf/ aemifaomtcg ]tmeEmaAm"d} [k trnfwiom;onfh aAm"dyif&if; bk&m;&Sif G f G onf taeuZmwif o nf h oabmrsKd ; jzih f wpfnOfywfv;kH ]zvormywf0ifpm;} awmfrchJ h l ygonf/

(pmrsufESm 29 okdY)

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28

"r0D&onf Nidrf;csrf;aompdwfjzpfwnf&ef &Gnf&G,fonf/ 1315 ck E S p f ? &ef u k e f N rd K U? Ak ' b momuvsmP,k 0 toif ; ( Y.M.B.A )toif ; BuD ; rS BuD ; rS L ;usif ; yaom Ak ' b momoif c ef ; pmzG i f h y J G B uD ; twG u f Nrd K Ur trsKd ; orD ; ausmif ; wG i f

q&mawmf ]]t&SifZeumbd0Ho}} a[mMum; qH k ; rMo0g'ay;awmf r l a om w&m;awmf

wHusivQKd Ny;D owf&r,fqNkd y;D wHusivQKd xm;wm/ f f aomwmyefbk&if&JU wkdif;jynfrSmvnf; wHusif vQdKowfwJhudpvnf;&Sdw,f/ tJ'D wHusifvQdK xm;wJholu &Sifbk&ifBuD; NrdKUawmftvSnhfrSm vSrf;jrifvdkY atmfNyD;awmh &Sifbk&ifyGJawmfrsm; wpfcgavmufpm;vkduf&,if aoaysmfygNyDvdkYqdk vd- ay;r,fv0efccw,f/ aemufarhom;w,f/ Yk Ykd H hJ G nyGawmfcgeD;rSowd&vdYk nBu;D rif;Bu;D vTw&wm J f r[kwvm;/ f Ak'\tqH;k trqdwm avmuDtvdukd rw&m; k k wJhenf;ESihf rjznhfqnf; Ak'bmomaMumihf bmrSrvkyaumif; f bl;/ aeOD; wpfckajymr,f- Adrdom&rif;&JU vufxufrmbJ ]],aeY aeYBu;D &ufBu;D jzpfygw,f S qdkygawmh? uqkefvjynhfaeYvdk om;ig;rsm;udk rowfzdkY&ef bk&ifhtrdefYawmf}}/ aeYBuD;&ufBuD; rowfzdkY&ef bk&ifhtrdefYawmfqdkawmh aeYao; &ufao;awGawmh owfaeMuwmbJ r[kwb;l f vm;/ wu,fawmhbmoma&;eJY bmrSrqdib;l / k f 'gayr,hf bmoma&;eJYwkdif;jynftkyfcsKyfa&;udk oifhwihfovdkbJ wkdif;jynftkyfcsKyfoGm;&rSmbJ/ jrwfpGmbk&m;eJY Adrdom&rif;&SdwJhae&mawmifrS oihfawmfovdk tkyfcsKyfwJhenf;&Sdygw,f/ 'gudk ajymjcif;tm;jzihf bke;f Bu;D u bmudk tm;ay;w,f nmudk tm;ay;w,f rqdvb;l / k kd trS m ;xJ u trS e f & wJ h "r m aomu Ak'bmom[m wdkif;jynftkyfcsKyf&if atmufwef;usoGm;rvm;vdkY 'DvdkxifrSmpdk;vdkY atmufwef;rusygbl;/ bke;f Bu;D wdYk &mZ0ift& xif&Sm;&SdNyD;om;jzpfwJh ]"rmaomu} rif;BuD;/ apmapmwkef;u nDawmfaemifawmf (100) avmuf owfvu&w,f/ Ak'bmomrjzpfao; kd f bl;/ aemuftJ'DowfzdkY udpawGbmawG jzpfNyD; awmhrS tawmfMumawmh ol&JUwlawmfvnf; awmfw,f/ wlre;f vnf;rodb;l / owfwe;f u S k xGufajy;vdkY? owfwkef;u rdzk&m;xGufajy;vdkY wpfae&mrSm zGm;w,f/ tJ'D wlawmfav; (7) ESpf avmufMumawmhrS ud&if0wfEifh ri;f&ifjyif k S rSm oGm;wmjrifvYkd tifrwefcspwmeJac:Ny;D awmh f Y a`Euvnf;&? MunfndKp&mvnf;aumif;vdkY ac:Ny;D awmhar;&mu w&m;&Ny;D awmh Ak'bmom jzpfw,f/ om,mat;Nir;f jzpfc&onhtifyg,mEdiiawmf d hJ f k f H Ak'bmomjzpfNyD;awmh Ak'jrwfpGm&JU vleqiww&m;awmfawGukd [dem;rSmausmuf Y J d k f hJ k wkdifpdkuf? b,fvdkae&r,f/ 'Dem;rSm ausmuf wdipu?f w&m;awmfawGcsn;f bJ/ ausmufwif k f kd dk rSma&;Ny;D awmh tukev;kH aMujimw,f/ tJ'vkd f D Ak'bmomjzpfNy;D awmhrS wki;f jynftycsKy&wm d k f f ydNk y;D awmhawmifrS om,mygao;owJ/ ydNk y;D awmh h awmif tkycsKyzv,ygao;owJ/ 'Djrefrmjynf f f Ykd G f h bJjzpfjzpf? 'DjyifA'bmomud;k uG,whJ wpfjcm; k f Ediii,fuav;awGbjJ zpfjzpf? atmufusaemuf k f H us jzpf&wm[m bk&m;aMumihjf zpf&wmr[kwf bl;/ Ak'0g'aMumihf r[kw&ygbl;/ Ak'0g'udk tck f bke;f Bu;D ajymovdk twdtusrodwm rvduem fk f wmaMumihf/ ajzmih f a jzmif h r S e f r S e f u sih f M uygvQif vlawGu ajymw,f/ pD;yGm;a&; b,f udp-b,fupawmh rvky&bl;qdw,f/ qdygawmh d f k k ayhg/ Ak'j rwfpmbk&m;u t'dEm'ge olwpfyg; G ausauseyfeyfray;wmudk r,l&bl; a&SmifMuOf &r,fvYkd trde&w,f/ Ak'bmomqdwhJ bk&m; Yf dS k 'um ausmif;'umawG a&SmifMuOf&UJ vm;/ trSef awmh Ak'bmom0ifvdkYomajymaewm/ udk,f a&Smifcsiwmusawmha&Smifw,f/ ud,ra&Smif f k f csiwmusawmh ra&Smifb;l / ud,rvkycsiMf u f k f f awmh bk&m;tvdkawmfusrvkyfbl;/ udk,fvkyf csiwmawmh bk&m;tvdawmfeYJ qdiqirqdif f k k f kd f k qdif vkywmyJ/ Ny;D awmh bk&m;udawmh vTrcseUJ / k f k J bk & m;tvd k a wmf u s aewwf M uNyD v m; jrwfpGmbk&m;u twdtus? tck bke;f Bu;D ajymNy;D om;yJ/ jyefajymjyr,f twdtus ayhg/ oef&i;f rIuvnf; twdtusa[mawmfrl Y S kd w,f/ jrefrmvlrsKd ;rsm;u oef&i;f Muyg&JUvm;/ Y S cke bkef;BuD;u tjyifoefY&Sif;rIomajymao; w,f/ twGi;f oef&i;f rIvnf;ygw,f/ vufonf; Y S av;rsm; &SnfaevdkY&Sd,if w&m;tm;xkwfr,hf yk*dKvf vufonf;jzwfvkdufygOD;/ bmvdkYvnf; qd,if awmfMumw&m;tm;xkw&if; vufonf; k f uav;&Snfwm owd&ae,if orm"dysufrSm pdk;vdkY/ vufonf;uav;&Snfwm jzwfvdkufyg/ acgif;rsm;&SnfaevdkY&Sd,if acgif;awGbmawG ,m;vdYk orm"dysurmpd;k vdYk acgif;&dwvuygOD;/ f S f dk f

(,cif t ywf r S t quf ) vl r sd K ;bmomrcGJjcm; bufrvdkufwJh w&m; enf;Oya' bke;f Bu;D u aumufcsucsw,f/ 'DArd f d om&aomwmyefrif;&JU Oya'jyKtrwfawGonf bmom0g'trsKd ;rsKd ;&S&r,f/ bmom0g' trsKd ; d rsKd ;&SvYkd 'DOya'udk &J&00vyay;w,f/ 'Dawmh d J hH hH k f aomwmyefayr,hf igu aomwmyef? Ak'bmom rS igtrwfcefr,fvYkd r&Sb;l / wki;jynftycsKyf Y d d f k f wJholuwkdif;jynfrSm awmfw,fvdkYqdkvdkY&Sd,if Ak'bmom[kwfwJhola&m r[kwfwJhola&m ynmbuf u awmf & if ynmbuf u cef Y r,f ? ppf b uf u awmf & if ppf b uf u cef Y r ,f ? Ak ' b mom [k w f w m r[k w f w m a&G ; raebl ; / tJ ' gaMumih f aomwmyef &Sifbk&if&JU wkdif;EdkifiHrSmawmifrS b,fvdk vl r S ? Ak ' b mom0if r S ? bmrS q d k w mawG rygbl ; / wd k i f ; jynf p D ; yG m ;a&;u wk d i f ; jynf pD ; yG m ;a&;ygyJ / rif ; rS m uwd ? vl r S m op m tJ'Arom&rif;vufxufrm r[kwf D d d S vm;? tm;vH;k Mum;zl;Mur,f? umu0v, qdk d wm/ pmu - wmv0vd, vdYk &Sw,f/ wmv d 0vd, qkwh J umu0v, Zmwf? vlwpfa,muf? d d &mZ0wfom;wpfa,mufukd w&m;olBu;D awGu

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf wnfMunf&J&ifhjcif;udk jyqkdonf/ t0wfouFe;f awGa[mif;aevd&,if zGyavQmf Yk dS f Ny;D awmh 0wfvuygOD;/ tm;vH;k twGi;f oef&i;f dk f Y S Ny;D awmhrS orm"d&ygw,f/ orm"d&rS Pfxuf ygw,fv/ bk&m;&Siu,awmfjrwfu twGi;f Ykd f kd f tjyifoefY&Sif;rIudk tifrwefwdkufwGef;awmfrl w,f/ bke;f Bu;D wdjYk refrmEdiiu NrKd UBu;D olNrKd UBu;D k f H om;rsm;uawmh txdutavsmuf oef&i;f w,f k f Y S qdygawmhayhg/ bke;f Bu;D wdYk awmolawmom;awG k Ak'bmomud;k uG,whJ bke;f Bu;D awG&UJ 'um'umr f awGa&m oef&i;f yg&JUvm;/ roef&i;f awmh bm Y S Y S jzpfv/ orm"d&UJ wefz;kd udrodb;l / 'gaMumihf J k bk&m;w&m;awmfawGudk tjynhftpHk vdkuf MuvdkY&Sd&if aea&;xdkifa&;vnf;bJ atmuf wef ; rusygbl ; / pd w f a e oabmxm; vnf ; bk & m;w&m;awmf u d k vk d u f v d k Y & S d & if &S i f ; oG m ;w,f / bk&m;w&m;awmfu aysmw,f? [d[m h k rvky& 'D[mr[kw&qdawmh pdwaepdwxm;awG f f k f f u aysmNh y;D awmh Ediiw;kd wufru cufom;vdrhf k f H I G r,fvxifw,f/ bke;f Bu;D uajymw,f/ bke;f Bu;D Ykd udk Munhyg aysmovm;vd/ bk&m;w&m;awGukd f h Yk tawmfrsm;rsm;vkupm;xm;w,f/ aysmovm; d f h vd/ tvkyf vkycsivuwm cEmud,[mav Yk f f dk f k f ...use;f rma&;udk *krpdu&vd&,if..tvkyf k f Yk dS uav;awGrmcsn;f aerSm..tvkyvycsiaewm/ S f kf f bmomaoG ; rat;ol \ rS e f r S e f u ef u ef pG e f Y p m;rI NyD;awmh..owdAswd/ owdAswdu pmawmfvmrSvm;rodb;l qdNk y;D ydwwfaeMuw,f/ k rdrwpfa,mufcEmud,ukd paw;vkuvYkd EdiiH d k f d f k f ESihfbmomjrihfvmr,fqdk,if paw;vkdufyg/ cEmud,t&if;pduyg/ Ny;D awmh Ak'bmom[m k f k f owvnf;&Sw,f/ vmbfvnf;jrifw,f/ Pf d d vnf;xufw,f/ vHkYv0D&d,vnf;xufw,f/ Munhfav..bkef;BuD;jzwfxdk;ajymr,f/ rif;BuD; &efaemifqwmav/ bke;f Bu;D u &mZ0ifawmh kd EdkifwJh bkef;BuD;r[kwfygbl;/ 'gayr,hf [dkzwf 'Dzwf enf;enf;yg;yg; zwfzl;vdkY? 'D&efolrif;u wki;f jynfukd tkycsKyw,f/ omoemawmfxrm d f f J S awmfawmfpmawGawmfwhJ yk*Kd vawGa&m wpfjcm; f yk * d K vf a wG a &m owf y pf w ,f / owf w mu pnf;vH;k nDwom;vd&&if wdujkd yefNy;D ckcEir,f G f G Yk dS Yk H kd f vdrhfr,fvdkY t,l&SdvdkYowfw,f/ owfawmh rif;Bu;D &efaemifqwhJ rif;Bu;D u oifwifatmif kd h h aygif;Ny;D awmh wpfae&mrSm tJ'&ib&ifubJ D S f k kd jyefNy;D okwoifvuw,f/ 'gudk rif;Bu;D &efaemif f dk f udk i&JrBuD;bl;vm;wJh/ omoemjyKwJOpm i&J h ygcsifvnf;ygrSmbJ/ odkYaomf ukodkvfwpfyJ i&J wpfydmqdkwJhrsdK;r[kwfbl;/ i&JwpfyJ ukodkvfwpfydmbJjzpf&rSm/ i&Jwpfydm xJuawmh rjzpfEdkifygbl;/ rif;BuD;&efaemif ow d a Mumif v d k Y &S d & if a v tJ ' D u wnf ; u omoemtoufu ukeoavmuf&aumif;&S&UJ / f dS d ud k , f u sih f w &m;&S d a v? ow d & S d a v rif;BuD;&efaemif owdraMumifvdkYrdkY? aMumifv&&ifav tJ'uwJu omoemtouf Ykd dS D u ukeoavmuf&aumif;&S&UJ / rif;Bu;D &efaemif f dS d owraMumifvrYkd omoem[m [d;k wke;f u jyef d Ykd wufvmw,f/ 'Dawmh wdawmfawmfvnf; Mum Yk oGm;Nyav/ y&dowfu Ak'bmomudk oabm D usNyD;om; auseyfNyD;om;/ 'Dawmh 'Dy&dowfu jyefNyD;awmh ckckcHcHayhgav/ jiif;r,fr[kwfbl;/ ar;vnf; ar;csifar;Muayhg/ bkef;BuD;uvnf; ar;wmudk ajzcsiygw,f/ 'Dawmh wpfqifajym f h Muyg? Ak'bmom[m owdraMumifbl;/ Ak' bmompifppfu owdydkxufw,f/ Ak'bmom [m vHkYv0D&d, ZGJrnHhbl;/ q&mawmf t &S i f Z eumbd 0 H o (quf v uf a zmf j yygrnf / ) (pmrsuf E S m 27 rS )
Gaya' by 'Maha Moggallana Thera', near the door in the courtyard of 'Jetavanara ma'. Later the Buddha entered the 'Attainment of the Fruition' (Phalasamapatti) the whole night at the foot of this Bodhi Tree, which came to be known as 'Ananda Bodhi', as if he consecrated it.

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which might have been forgotten by any one in the assembly after hearing the Buddha's preaching. On one day 'Visakha' - left her bejewelled clook (Mahalata pasa dhama) behind in the monastery. As A nanda had already kept it, she refused to take it back and then she had it sold. It was worth mine crores, the workmanship cast one lakh. No one was found able to buy it. So she herself baught it back and with the proceeds built a monastery on the eastern side of the 'Savatthi' city which was accordingly named 'Pubbarama'.

t&SitmeEm\ trsm;tusK;d aqmif f vkyief;rsm;wGif w&m;a[mMum;jcif;vnf; yg0if f ygonf/ wpfcgaomf Ak'&iawmf\ vufxuf S f awmf u mv xif & S m ;aom wd w d * d k P f ; BuD ; ajcmuf*P;f teuf tygt0ifjzpfaom ]ed*@} kd wdwd*dkPf;\ q&mBuD; ]ed*@emwykw} \ wynhf ]tb,} onf ]y@dwrif;om;} ESitwl hf t&S i f t meE m xH o k d Y vma&muf M uygonf / y@dwrSm jrwfAk'\ OygoumwpfOD;jzpfyg onf/
Out of his services for others. delivery of sermon was also included. Once, 'Abhaya', disciple of 'Niganthanata putta' leader of a heretic sect known as 'Nigantha', which was one of six famous sects in the time of the Buddha, together with 'Price Pandita' came to Ananda. Pandita was a lay disciple of the Buddha.

bk & m;&S i f a [mMum;awmf r l a om w&m;awmfudk emMum;NyD;aemuf y&dowfxJrS wpf a ,muf a ,muf o nf wpf p H k w pf c k r sm; arhuse&pfavrnfvm;[k vSnvnfMunhjI cif; f fh f rSmvnf; t&SiftmeEm\ aqmif&Gufaeus vkyfief;rsm;xJu wpfckjzpfyg\/ wpfaeYo ]0domcg} ausmif;trBuD;onf &wemwdkYjzihf pDjc,fxm;aom olr\ 0wf(r[mvwmwef kH qm)Bu;D udk ausmif;awmfx useaecJygonf/ J f h t&SitmeEmu odr;f qnf;xm;&mausmif;tr f Bu;D u jyef,&ef jiif;qefNy;D xdr[mvwmwef l k qmBuD;udk a&mif;ypfvdkufygonf/ xdkwefqm BuD;rSm udk;uka#wefNyD; vufcrSm wpfodef;us ygonf/ 0,fEkdifolwpfa,mufrQ &SmrawGUyg/ xdkYaMumihfyif ausmif;trBuD;u rdrd[m rdrd jyef0,fvuNf y;D xdaiGjzihf ]om0wd} NrKd Uawmf\ kd k ta&SUbufwif ausmif;awmfwpfck aqmufvyf G k cJh&m ta&SUbufwGif&SdaomaMumihf ]ykAm&mr} ausmif;awmf[ktrnfwGifygonf/
Among Ananda's duties was the task of going round to look after anything

xkdolESpfOD;vHk;rSm ]vdp0Drif;om;rsm;} jzpf M uyg\/ tb,u t&S i f t meE m tm; ed*@wdkY\ t,lESihftusihfwdkYudk ajymMum;NyD; Ak'\ oabmxm;cH,lcsufESihf ywfouf ar;jref;vmygonf/ xdaMumihyif t&SitmeEm Yk f f u oDv? orm"d? ynmwnf;[laom odum oHk;yg;udk cGJjcrf;pdwfjzm bk&m;&Sif csrSwf xm;awmfrlaom oHo&m0wfqif;&JrS vGwf ajrmuf & m vG w f a jrmuf a Mumif ; w&m;wd k Y u d k &Sif;jyawmfrlvdkuf&ygawmhonf/
Both of them were 'Licchavi Princes'. Abhaya, telling Ananda about the view and practice of Nigantha, asked him about the Buddha's opinion. So Ananda just explained the means of liberation from samsara (cycle of rebirths), laid by the Buddha, classifying the three trainings (Sikkhas) morality, concentration and wis~~dom (Sila, samadhi and panna). (To be continue)

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30

"r0D&onf pdwfESvHk;ESifhb0udk Nidrf;csrf;aponf/

w&m;pcef;0ifawmhrnfqvQif kd
OD;y@dw (xGe;f vif;&dyom) f
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jrwfAk'\ BuD;us,fjrihfjrwfvSaom *kPawmfaygif;rsm;pGmwdonf MunfnKd o'gyGm; f Yk rsm;Hk oufoufr[kway/ vlom;wdi;f twGuf f k avmuDavmukw&mtusdK;ESpfjzmudk a0zef qef;ppfawG;ac:Ediapjcif;? todynm (Pf) k f rsm; &Si;f vif;wdusapjcif;? (orm'd|) [laom d tjrifrSef&&Sda&;tusdK;iSm qifjcifpOf;pm;awG; ac:EdivQif awG;ac:Ekioavmuf aumif;usKd ; k f d f csrf;omrsm; awGU&SdcHpm;Edkifap wefzdk;te* Bu;D rm;vSayonf/ jrwfA'\ ajrmufjrm;pGmaom *kPawmf k f taygif;rS avmu0d'*Pawmfwif owavmu? l k f G Moumoavmu? ocFg&avmu[l oH;k rsKd ;&Sd aMumi;fukd awGU&ygonf/ owavmu[kqdk&mwGif vl ewf jA[mESihf wd&pmef ponhf oHk;q,hfwpfbHk tm;vH;k wdonf xdowavmuxJwif tusKH ; Yk k G 0ifaeygonf/ xdkYaMumihf ,ckouf&Sdxif&Sm; &Sdaeaom b0jzpfonhf (vl)\ taMumif;udk wifjyvdygonf/ k Ak'pmaywGif (rEk) udk (vl) [l t"dym,fziqxm;ygonf/ todPf&NdS y;D xdk G fh kd todPfukd toH;k cswwfaom ow0gudk (vl) [l t"d y m ,f z G i f h q d k j yef y gonf / twd w f ? ypKyef? tem*wfumvoHk;yg;udk aMumif;usdK; nD G w f p G m a0zef q ef ; ppf E d k i f j cif ; ? (tw ) udk,fhtusdK;? (y&) olYtusdK;wdkYudk csdefcGifvQm nDrQwpGm aqmif&uwwfjcif;? qifjcifww&m; G f kH ES i f h ud k , f c sif ; pmw&m;rsm;ud k tcsd K ;nD p G m ajrmfjrifawG;ac:Edkifjcif; paom *kPfj'yfrsm; ESifhtnD vkyfudkifaqmif&GufNyD; tod Pf&Sd aomaMumihf ,if;ow0gudk (rEk) vl [l ac:wGiorkwxm;jyefygonf/ f f todPf&aom (vl) jzpfvmNy[k dS D qduwnf;u rdrb0ESifh ywf0ef;usitwGuf k d f taMumif;w&m;ESp&yftm; rjzpfraeaqmif&uf f G &rnfjzpfygonf/ (1) rdrdtwGuf aqmif&Guf&ef (0g) rdrd\ vdktyfcsufrsm;udk jznhfqnf;&ef trsm; twGuf tusKd ;jyKay;qyf&ef [l jzpfygonf/ if;wdukd twwfEiq;kH vkuavsm Yk dk f d f

nDaxGjzpfatmif aqmif&uEiromvQif tod G f kd f S Pf&NdS y;D t"dym,fjynf0aom vl? vlom;qef h aom vlpm&if;0ifrnfjzpfygonf/ yxrOD;pGm aqmif&u&ef[onf rdrd G f l r&Sao;aom oDv? orm"d? ynmwdukd jynfrD d Yk h onfxuf jynhfrDatmif BudK;yrf;vHkYvpdkuf usiBfh uym;rsm; tm;xkw&rnfjzpfygonf/ xdoYkd H G f k yGm;rsm;jcif;jzifh &&Sdvmaom tawGUtBuHK od r sm;? tod y nmrsm;ud k wwf t m;orQ jyefvnfjzefYjzL;&ef tcsdefESifhtrQ BudK;pm; tm;xk w f v k y f u d k i f & rnf r S m vl o m;wd k i f ; \ r&Srjzpfvtyfaom wm0efjzpfonf/ ud,usifh d kd k f oDvESifh wuG pdwf\ oefY&Sif;at;csrf;jcif;? wnf N id r f j cif ; &&S d a tmif BudK;pm;tm;xkwf& ayrnf / xd k Y t wl wnf N id r f a t;csrf ; aom taESmiftzGUJ uif;vGwaom tqihwi&onhf f f G f dS orm"d Pf rsuf p d j zih f ocF g &w&m;ud k xdk;xGif;odjrifod&Sd Edkifatmif BudK;yrf;ae& rnfjzpfonf/ avmu"mwfwpfcGifvHk;udk NcHKiHk tusO;f csKH ;vQif a&? ajr? awm? awmif? ae? v? euw?f wm&m ponhf oufrhJ (kyobm0) f ESifh odwwfaompdwf ouf&dS (emrf obm0) ESpfrsdK;udk awGU&Sd&rnfjzpfonf/ kyobm0ESifh emrfobm0wd\ zGUJ f Yk wnfr?I jzpfysuajymif;vJrI pojzihf aMumif;usKd ; f quf E G , f j zpf a y:aeaom obm0"r \ jzpfpOfudk xdk;xGifodjrifonfh (owdorZOf Pf) ynmjzihf tjrihjf rwfq;kH tqifoYkd BuKd ;pm; h usihfBuHaexdkifEdkifaom yk*dKvfjzpfrSom &cJ aom'kvbw&m;ESifh jynfhpHkrnfjzpfygonf/ odrom (rEk w bma0g 'kvabm) [laom Yk S bk&m;a[mESifh udunayrnf/ wefz;kd jrihjf rwf k f D onfhb0 jzpfayrnf/

od&mwGif (rEkw bma0g 'kvabm) Yk [lonhf vlYb0&cJvSonhftaMumif;udk jrwfAk' u Oyrmjzihf vlYjynfrS tyfwpfpif;axmifvsuf jA[mjynfrS tyfwpfpif;pducsvuvQif xdtyf k f kd f k rsm; tcsif;csif; xdyfwkdufawGUEdkif&ef tvGef cufcJavonf/ xdkodkYcufcJaom tyfzsm;csif; xd&ef vG,fulaumif;vG,fulEdkifaomfvnf; ,ck&Sdaeaom vlYb0onf xdkxuf &&Sd&ef cufcJonhftaMumif;udk a[mMum;qHk;rouJhodkY tjcm;jcm;aom om"ursm;jzihvnf; taMumif; f tm;avsmfpGm a[mMum;qHk;rawmfrlygonf/ odqvQif vlb0onf wefz;kd tm;jzihf Bu;D rm; Yk kd Y vSygonf/ xdoYkd a[mMum;awmfrcsutay:wGif k l f wnfr rdrwb0udk rdrwbmom wefz;kd te* DS d Ykd d Ykd BuD;rm;vSonf[l tvsifpvdk rqHk;jzwfoihf ay/ tb,faMumifhqdkaomf jrwfAk'a[mMum; awmfraom tqH;k tr yg0ifjcif; &S^r&Sd a0zef l d qef;ppfoifygonf/ odjYk zpf vlqaomow0g h kd onf rdrdESihfavmutay: aMumif;usdK;nDGwf rQwpGm vkyuiaqmif&ujf cif;jzihf tpOfBuKd ;yrf; f kd f G aeoihayonf/ f xduoYkd r[kwygbJvsuf tdy?f pm;? k hJ f umr xdo;kH 0om&Saom wd&pmefuoYkd tcseEifh k d hJ d f S trQ jyKrlaexkdifrnfqdkvQif (rEkw) pm&if; wGif yg0ifEdkifrnfr[kwfay/ vlkyf vloPmef &Sdaomfvnf; tyg,fbHkom; wd&pmefpdkufESifh rjcm;em;awmhNyD/ vl [ l o nf rd r d (tw ) tusd K ;ud k aqmif&Guf&rnfjzpf&m trsm; (y&) tusdK; twGuvnf; aqmif&u&rnfjzpfonf/ (tw) f G f rdrdtusdK;twGufom aqmif&Gufvkyfudkif NyD; (y&) trsm;tusdK;twGuf raqmif&Guf rjyK vkyfEdkifvQifaomfvnf;aumi;f? xdkYtwl (y&) trsm;tusdK;twGufom aqmif&GufvkyfudkifNyD; (tw) rdrdtusdK;twGuf raqmif&Guf rjyKvkyf vQif (vl)\ *kPfESihf vkdufavsmnDaxGrI&Sdrnf r[kway/ f Ak'u,awmfwiyifvQif rdrtusKd ;ESifh kd f kd f d avmutusdK; ESpfrsdK;pHkpGm vkyfudkifaqmif&Guf awmfrlcJhygonf/ odkY&mwGif rdrdtwtusdK;udk aqmif & G u f j cif ; xuf (y&) trsm; tusd K ; aqmif & G u f j cif ; onf vG , f u l aomtvk y f r[kwfay/ rjynhfaomcGufrsm;udk jynfhatmif aqmif&Guf&jcif;jzpfojzihf ulnDdkif;yif;rIwGif pGefYvTwfrIESifh tepfemcHrIwdkYonf tajymvG,f oavmuf tcuf t cJ r sm;pG m &S d a ernf j zpf ygonf/ rjynhaomcGuukd jznhqnf;aomvuf f f f

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

34

"r0D&onf avmuzGHY NzdK;pnfyifa&;twGuf jzpfonf/

(pmrsuf E S m 30 rS )

toGifjzihf jyKvkyfEdkifjcif;onf rdrdjznhfqnf; Ed k i f a om taMumif ; tusd K ;jynf h p H k nDwromvQif tqifajyacsmarmrnfjzpfyg G f S onf/ odaomfvnf; rdr\cGetm;jzihf rjyK Yk d f vkyEiaomtvkyukd vkyjf cif;xuf jyKvyay; f kd f f k f Ekiaomtvkyukd pjyKvyay;Edijf cif;onfom d f f k f k vQif (tw) ESihf (y&) ESpbuftusKd ;udk &&Srnf f d jzpfygonf/ tu,f rdrrpGr;f Ediaom jyKvyf d k f k jcif;rsKd ;udk vkyaqmifrnfqvQif tcseuevyef; f kd d f k f l jzpfNy;D rdrtusKd ;rsm;udyg vufvwq;kH I;H oGm; d k G f wwfygonf/ odkYyg rvkyfEdkifaomtvkyfudk vkyfray;&aumif;vm;[k aMumifhMurIwdkYjzihf awGa0aernfhtpm; vkyfay;EdkifaomtvkyfrS pwif vkyay;vdujf cif;onfom ud,pwEpyg; f k k fd fSf csr;f ompGmjzihf ola&mud,ygtusKd ;rsm;rnfjzpfyg k f onf/ wpwp pG e f Y 0 H h r S v Qif b0aemuf a ES m if ; quf w k d i f ; aumif ; \ [l a om qH k ; rpum;onf T e f ; qd k o uf a &muf r I tm;aumif ; ojzih f wpf a eY x uf w pf a eY quf u mquf u m Bud K ;pm;tm;xk w f o G m ;& rnfom jzpfygonf/ odjYk zpf rEkw bma0g 'kvabm ESifh ywfouf vl-ewf-jA[m ow0gtm;vH;k wd\ ylaZmftxl;udk cH,Eionhf jrihjf rwfaom Yk l kd f vlom;OD;aqmif jrwfA'\jzpfawmfpOf tcsKd UwdYk k udk avhvmqnf;yl; pOf;pm;csicseMf unhoihyg fh d f f onf/ jrwfAk'onf rdrd\tusdK;oufouf twG u f q d k v Qif ok a r"m&S i f & aoh b 0rS m yif edAmefoYkd rsuarSmufjyKEiNf y;D oHo&m0#fqif;&J f dk taygif;wdkYrS tNyD;tydkifvGwfajrmufEdkifrnf jzpfygonf/ a,musf m ;aumif ; wd k Y rnf o nf wpfOD;wpfa,mufwnf;\ vGwfajrmufrIjzihf udk,fvGwfkef;avhr&Sd/ tm;vHk;aom vl ewf jA[m ow0gtaygif;wdkYudk rdrdvGwfajrmuf Edkifovdk vGwfajrmufEdkif&rnf[l tepfemcH ay;qyfjcif;jzihf (bk&m;) qkudk yefcJhygonf/ pifppf okar"m&Sif&aohb0wGif &&SdrnhfedAmef ESihf oAnKwPf&ib&m;jzpfrS &&Srnhf edAmef S f k d onf xl;jcm;jcif;r&Sdyg/ "ronf ({aum "arm) wpfckwnf;omjzpf\/ odkYaomfvnf; (y&) tusd K ;twG u f aqmif & G u f & mwG i f tepfemcHvpw?f ay;qyfvpw?f ulni;f yif kd d kd d D kd vd k p d w f w d k Y \ ud e f ; atmif ; &m r[mukPm

awmhrnfjzpf Oyrm vIyf&Sm;rIwpfckjzpfae aom abmvH;k yGwpfy\ t"duusaom jrifui;f J JG G wpfcrm Iw,ucwfNy;D abmvH;k udv,ufNy;D ? k S f S f k k *dk;oGif;vdkufaom jzpf&yfwpfckwGif jrifuGif;u tvG e f vsif j ref jywf j ywf o m;om;rjrif vdkuf&ay/ okdYaomftaES;vIyf&Sm;rI (slow motion)ESifh jyefjyonfhtcg oJoJuGJuGJjrif& ovdk pdwfapwoduf wpfck\ (Oyg'f? XD? bif) jzpfwnfysuuvnf; xkenf;twki;f (slow mof kd d d tion) taES;vIyf&Sm;rI Oyrm,lNyD; oHk;oyfMunfh &ayrnf/ Oyg'f w pf c k u d k tmH k jyKaepOf tjcm;Oyg'fwpfck r0ifa&mufrD wnfaeaom umvuav;wpfck&Sd\/ wpfpuefY\ 100 yHk 1 yHkvm;? 60 yHk 1 yHkvm;? wpfpuefYvm;? wpfrdepfvm;? aemufxyftmHkjyKrIrjzpfay:rD pdwfapwodufuav;onf wnfaevdrfhrnf/ xdwnfaeaom apwoduuav;rSm ig? ol? k f a,musfm;? rdef;r ryg&yg/ aemufxyf tmHkjyK rI wpfck (odkYr[kwf) taESmuft,Sufwpfckck rjzpfcifumvuav; (Critical point) rSm tedprjzpfyg? 'kurjzpfyg? tewrjzpfyg? tedp? 'ku? tewuif;vGwf&m e,fajruav;jzpfae \/ awmfHkwefHk0D&d,tm; orm"dtm;ES i f h xdtajc taeudk jrifodzdkY rvG,fyg? BudK;pm; k &ayrnf/ umvav;wGif avmb? a'go? arm[awG u if ; NyD ; ud a vomwPS m yg csKyfNidrf;aeonhf umvuav;jzpf\/ tdkjcif;? emjcif ; ? aojcif ; qd k a om w&m;rsm;onf rvG J r aoG j zpf a eonf o mjzpf \ / rd r d u awmfaMumifom edAmef\ vGwajrmufrI tusdK; h f xl;udk av;oacsEifh urmwpfoe;f wdif aemuf F S d k qkway;vdujf cif;jzpfygonf/ odtwGuf vnf; f k Yk avmut&mwG i f oA n KwPf & S i f j zpf xl;ygonf/ xdenf;wlpm jrwfA'\ wynhom0u k G k f rsm;onf pGrf;EdkiforQ rdrdwdkYt&mESihfoufqdkif ovdk jznfqnf; rdrtusKd ; trsm;tusKd ;rsm;udk h d toD;oD;BuKd ;pm;aqmif&uawmfrMl uavonf/ G f xdjk rwfA'Eifh t&d,mwd\ xHa[mif; k S Yk k udk qifjcifESvHk;oGif;rdwkdif; &ifwGif;Nidvsuf *Grf;qDxdyrmyDwdjzmrdonfrSm trSefyifjzpf ygonf/ xdkodkY todtjrifESihf xyfwlnDpGm vufawGUqefaom jyKvyf usiaqmifrrsm;jzihf k fh I (rEk w b ma0g 'k v a bm) &cJ v S a om vl Y b 0t"d y m ,f w G i f wif ; jynh f u syf j ynh f oufa&mufEdkifMu&rnfom jzpfygonf/

rjzpf a tmif r nf o d k Y y if Bud K ;pm;Bud K ;pm; rwm;qD;Ediyg/ ud,vywm r[kwb;l / tpd;k k f k f k f f r&wJh teww&m;awGyg/ oHo&m0#fqif;&J taygif;rS vGwajrmuf&ygvd\qdEihf rvGwf f k k kH S Edkifyg/ enf;pepfreuefpmESihf usiBfh utm;xkwf S f G H MuzdkY vdkygonf/ ,ckvkd tedp? 'ku? teww&m;awG udk ud,yiavhusitm;xkwNf y;D IjrifEiMf uNy;D k f kd f fh kd aemuf ,if ; wd k Y u if ; vG w f & me,f a jruav; (Critical point) udk tcseumv rsupwrSwf d f f d d cefYjzpfap? rsufarSmufjyKEdkifcJhvQif vrf; aMumif;udk rsufajctjywfrcHbJ qufvuf avQmufvr;f ediygap/ umvuav;twGi;f S k f trSef wu,fpdwcsr;f omrI&&SNd y;D ? tcseumv f d f uav;&J U wef z d k ; ud k xm0pOf o d & S d x m;NyD ; OD;wnfcsuf rSefrSefESifh vrf;aMumif;twdkif; avQmufzYkd 0D&, tm;eJY orm"dtm;udo;kH Muyg/ d k tcsKyftm;jzifhqdk&aomf tcGifhtcg &wkef; w&m;pcef;0ifNyD; usihfBuHtm;xkwfMu rnhf olawmfpiftaygif;wdkYonf tedp? 'ku? tew vu P ma&;oH k ; yg; jzpf p Of a wG u d k ud,yif vufawGUIjrifo;kH oyfEiNf y;D vGwajrmuf k f kd kd f &mvrf;aMumif;udk PftjrifEihf xm0&jrifawGU S Edkif Muygap? vHkYv? 0D&d,? ZGJUeJYvrf;aMumif; trS e f u d k avQmuf v S r f ; Ed k i f M uyg ap[k qEjyKvdkuf&ygonf/ olawmfpOftaygif;wdYk usiBfhutm;xkwf H &if; r*fPfzvPf edAmefcsr;f omw&m;wdukd kd f Yk rsufarSmufjyKEdkifMuygap/ OD ; y@d w (xG e f ; vif ; &d y f o m) odrom tajymESitvky?f todEifh Yk S fh S tusihf? 0dZmESifh p&P pojzihf rdrdtusdK; avmutusKd ;wdonf tcseEiwefz;kd xyfwnD Yk d f S fh l pGm wnf&SdEdkifrnfjzpfygonf/ wefz;kd [lonf ]]pH}} xm;Edirtay: k f I rlwnfygonf/ pHEe;f rjynfaomtvky?f pHEe;f I h I rrDaomypn;f wdukd tb,frQ wefz;kd xduwef Yk k f aMumif; wGufcsufMunhf&ef udef;*Pef;rsm; avmuwGif r&SdEdkifay/ xdaMumihf pHEe;f jynh wefz;kd &Saom Yk I f d vlom;wpfO;D jzpf&ef rEkw 'kvbudk tav; teufxm; ouf&xif&m;&Saeaomvlb0wGif dS S d Y vufawGUvkyaqmiftm;xkwusio;kH EdiMf uap&efh f f fh k arwma&SUxm;vsuf wduwe;f a&;om;vdu&yg k f G k f ownf;/ tvif ; (rauG ; )

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onfvlom;tm;vHk;twGuf jzpfonf/

35

wu,fuHaumif;csifvm;
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"r0D&onf tarGaumif;ay;Edkif&eftwGuf jzpfonf/ ]]tudkY nDru tdrfjyefa&mufwdkif; tudkYtaMumif;ajymaewm/ 'Dppfaq;a&;BuD; rNyD;cif OD;pD;om vJoGm;&if 'kuygyJwJh}} uJ h o d k Y pd w f & if ; aumi;f v S a om nDi,f? pDyDatrS wefzdk;xm;aom pm&if;ppf csKyfHk;wGif dk;dk;ocsFmbGJUjzihf NrdKUe,f pm&if;ppf t&m&Sd? vufaxmufTefMum;a&;rSL;? 'kwd, T e f M um;a&;rS L ;txd txuf t &m&S d r sm;\ cs;D jriajrmufpm;jcif;cH&aom nDi,f OD;cifte;f fh k um; csi;f jynfe,f pm&if;H;k 'kw,TeMf um;a&; d rSL;tjzpf avSavSmf&if; wufusKd;cJh&&SmavNyD/ ]]tudk qif;awmhav tdra&mufNy?D f bmawG pOf;pm;aewmvJ}} uRefawmfhZeD;uajym Munhfvdkuf awmh um;u tdrfa&SUwGif xdk;qdkufavNyD/ ]]atmf OD;cifte;f taMumif; pOf;pm; k aewmyguGm}} uReawmhpum;Mum;awmh uReawmh f f f vufatmuf 0efxrf;rsm;teuf OD;ciftkef;ESihf a':cifpef;jrifhwdkY ZeD;armifESHrSm olrESihf tcif qHk;rdkY olrvnf; tawmf pdwfraumi;fjzpfae onfrm aocsmygonf/ S uReawmf a&TjynfomNrKd Ue,f pm&if; f H;k a&mufawmh NrKd Ue,f pm&if;ppft&m&Sd OD;vGif uvnf; xdkowif;udk twnfjyKavonf/ pdwfraumif;pGmjzihf a':cifpef;jrihf tdrfudk zke;f ac:vduawmh ]][vd}k } [ktoHjyKvuom k f kd f kH &Sao;onf/ a':cifpef;jrihu uReawmftoHudk d f f h rSwfrdoGm;NyD; idk&Smygavawmhonf/ olr\ idkdIufoHudk Mum;ae&aom uRefawmfyifvQif rsuf&nfpdkYrdonf/ toufay; cspf&&Smaom cifyGef;onf qHk;oGm;onfqdkawmh rdef;rom; wpfOD;taejzihf tylvHk;<uum ,lBuHK;r&jzpf&Sm ayrnf/ twefMumrS duojH zihf I f ]]OD ; pD ; OD ; pD ; &J U nD r&S d a wmh b l ; }} ]]w&m;eJY ajzyg a':cifpef;jrihf&,f? vlqwm aorsK;d bJ? Ak'j rwfpmawmif y&deAmef kd G d jyK&ao;wmbJ? OD;cifte;f [m Ekiitay:a&m k d f H nnf;wdkY rdom;pktay:a&m wm0efausoGm; olyg/ nnf;'DtwGuf *kPf,lyg/ olYtwGuf ukovaumif;rIjyKay;yg/ ylaqG;aomu a&muf kd f aevdYk tvum;bJ? uReawmfvJ tckro&vdYk f S d odocsi;f zke;f qufvuwm? uReawmfukd bmvdYk d kd f f h taMumif;rMum;wmvJ}} ]]Mum;w,f OD;pD;? ]]atmf [kww,f? uReawmf*stufpf f f D trf z k e f ; rJ a yguf v k d Y om;ud k a y;vd k u f w ,f / a':cifpef;jriha& OD;cifte;f owif; Mum;&awmh f k uRefawmfwifr[kwfbl;? cifAsm; tryg pdwf xdcdkuf&Smygw,f/ OD;ciftkef;[m olYtoufeJY vJNy;D rNrwhJ tedpw&m;udk cifAsm; jrifatmif J jyoG m ;w,f v d k Y oabmyd k u f N yD ; wwf E k d i f oavmuf w&m;ESv;kH oGi;f yg [kwvm;}} f ]][kwfuJhyg OD;pD;}} OD ; cif t k e f ; uG , f v G e f j cif ; onf a':cifpef;jrihuomru uReawmfuyg tawmf f kd f h kd wkefvIyfajcmufjcm;oGm;apygonf/ aojcif; w&m;onf aeYjrif naysmufygwum;? 2008 ck E S p f x J w G i f y if ol i ,f c sif ; rsm;jzpf M uaom pm&if;ppfrSL;OD;atmifpdk;(71)ESpfESihf pm&if;ppf rSL; OD;tke;f vGi(73)ESpwukd a&SUqifaemufqihf f f Ykd h aorif;u ac:oGm;jyefavNy/ touf(68)ESpf D &S d N yD j zpf a om uRef a wmf h u d k a &m aorif ; u b,faeYac:rSmvJ? rdrdao&rnfhaeYudk pOf;pm; aeqJrmyif aus;Zl;&Sif rd;k ukwq&mawmf bk&m; S f Bu;D \ owday;aom tqH;k tru uReawmhf f pdwfxJwGif vif;ueJ ay:vmygonf/ igonf rkcs ao&rnf/ tcsdefydkif; om vdawmhonf/ raeYuxuf ,aeY aozdYk k wpf&ufeD;oGm;NyD? taorOD;rD? PfOD;pD;NyD; 0d y emw&m;tm;xk w f y g/ ud k , f h u d k u d k , f cspvQif 0dyemvkyMf u/ ud,uu,f rcspf f k hf kd kd vQif om;a&;? orD;a&; pD;yGm;a&; vkyMf u}} Munf v G i f

awG toihvyxm;? ukeo,v,f,m Xmepk f k f f G f refae*smudvnf; reuf(11)em&Dta&muf H;k udk k vmzdYk ac:xm; [kwvm;}} f ]][kwfuJhyg OD;pD;? trav; tckrSyJ uRefr oufjyif;csEdkifawmhw,f OD;pD;&,f/ ppfaq;aewkef;wef;vef;rSm OD;pD;om vJoGm; &if 'kubJ? tdyfa&;0atmifom tdyfvdkufyg OD;pD;/ uRer apmapm H;k vmNy;D tukef toihf f vkyxm;r,f}} f uReawmfwYkd Munhjf rifwif pm&if;H;k f kd rS ajcusiyif jyefvmMuonf/ a':cifpef;jrihf f \ td r f u prf ; acsmif ; qD q H k v rf ; wG i f &S d N yD ; uReawmfu ajreDue;f rS um;pD;Ny;D a&Tjynfom f k NrdKUodkY jyef&rSmrdkY vrf;BuHKonf/ a':cifpef;jrih\ tdroa&mufaom f f Ydk tcg a':cifpef;jrihf\ rdb(2)yg;u rtdyfMu ao;/ OD;cifte;f u *susNy;D idaeaom om;i,f k D k udk csDNyD; acsmhaeonf/ ]]udkciftkef; uav;udk uRefray;? &SifOD;pD;udk um;*dwfxd vdkufydkYvdkuf? OD;pD;udk ajreDukef;rSm wpfckckauR;vdkufOD;aemf? OD;pD; um;xGufrS &Sifjyefaemf udkciftkef;}} ]]at;yguGm rde;f r&m? OD;pD;udk auR;vJ auR;r,f? rif;OD;pD; um;xGuom;rSbJ igjyefygY f G r,f? igYuawmh yduqay;vduygtH;k }} kd k f H k f ]]a&mha&mh? uReryduqtwf ,lom;}} f k f H d G a':cif p ef ; jrih f r S m jym,mcwf a e onf / uRef a wmf u td y f i d k u f a eonf h Mum;]]noef;acgifausmf tcserawmf twljyef d f vmonfh olr\ t&m&StwGuf ,ckvkd jym,m d cwfaeaom olZeD;tay: OD;cifte;f txif Y k vGom;rvm;}} [k pd;k &draerdonf/ olwZeD; J G f Ykd armif E S H u vnf ; t&G , f i,f M uao;onf / uRef a wmf u vnf ; ouf v wf y d k i f ; om &S d a o;onf r[k w f v m;? OD ; cif t k e f ; onf pdwxm;Bu;D &Smygonf/ olZeD;tay: oHo, f Y pdwfvHk;0 r&Sd&Smyg/

"r0D&onf Ak'\ ax&0g'"rw&m;ppf? w&m;rSef xGef;um;&efjzpfonfqkdonfh cH,lcsufESifhtnD vdIifMunfjzL"r0D&pmaywkdufESifh 'D*spfw,fpmMunfhwkdufrS 2009 ck? rwfvtwGif; jzefYcsdxkwfa0vkdufygNyD/ d dk f f D d D H * Nir;f csr;f OD;ESihf wuovoQio&\ ("r0&\ "ropOfrsm;) Nir;f csrf;OD;ESihf pk;d jrifvwf\ (q&mBu;D OD;a&Tatmif\ "ry'aumufEwcsufpmpk) d h k f * d jzwfoef;csdee'gef;ESihf yxryki;f ('kw,tBur) f d d d d f * Nir;f csrf;OD;\

DHAMMA VIRA ARTICLES

"r0D&onf ausmif;om;ausmif;olrsm;twGuf jzpfonf/

39

aZmf a emif

yef;Mumcl;,l
aphpyfaocsm owdxm;? oufaomajc&momxif&Sm;? wufaomajc&m rawGUwum;/ twdwf\yHk&dyf ,ck wa,m"r Z mwf u d k jrwf p G m bk&m;&Sif a0VK0efausmif;awmf oDwif;oHk; awmfrpOf ]a'0'wf\ owftaomiSm vHvjyK l hH Yk jcif;udktaMumif;jyK a[mMum;awmfrljcif;jzpf ygonf/ Zmwfaygif;aomf ,cka'0'wfonf xdkpOfu arsmufrif;jzpfzl;NyD? ,ck igbk&m; onf xd k a rsmuf r if ; \ om;jzpf z l ; NyD [ k Zmwf aygif;awmfrygonf/ l aZmf a emif wa,m"r Z mwf 550 Zmwf e d y gwf

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oBuFefa&mufNyD
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Dhamma Dew

Buddhist Monk Leaves Footprints Embedded in the Floor

w&m;"rym;rsm;tm;xkwaeaom wkw&[ef;awmfwpfyg;\ ajc&m G f f bk&m;ausmif;rS ysOMf urf;cif;ay:wif pGNJ reufi;f pGm xifuseae&pfjcif; G J Id f
By Tudor Vieru, Science Editor, Feb 27, 2009 TRANSLATED Into Myanmar Language by Dhamma Vira Thandar, ITBM University, Yangon. The Rongwo Gorchen Gompa Tibetan monastery is located in the town of Tongren, in the Qinghai province of China and is considered to be the Largest such edifice in the country.

Tongren, China- For some 20 years now, Buddhist monk Hua Chi has been praying in the same spot in the temple he lives in. Over so many years, the soles of his feet have become perfectly ingrained in the wood of the floor. and have now reached a depth of 1.2 inches in some places.

wkwfjynfolY orwEkdifiH wHk*&rfNrdKU&Sd Ak'bmom bk&m; ausmif ; wpf a usmif ; rS Ak ' b mombk e f ; awmf B uD ; [G m csKd i f ; onf ? xdkbk&m;ausmif;BuD;ay:rS ysOfMurf;cif;ay:&Sd trSwfae&m wpfae &mwnf;wGif wpfaeYvQif tBudrfta&twGufaygif;rsm;pGm rwfwyf &yf v suf bk & m;0wf j yK&S d c d k ; NyD ; w&m;"r a qmuf w nf u sih f o H k ; cJ h a v &mESpaygif; 20 ausmumv ,cktcseoYkd qdua&mufvmaom tcg f f d f k f if;rwfwyf&yfvsuf ur|mef;w&m;usihfoHk;cJhaom Murf;cif; ysOfay:&Sd ae&mwpf a e&mxJ w G i f apmuf t euf 1 'r 2 vuf r cef Y csKdihf0ifepfjrKyf eufdIif;pGm pGJxifusefaeaom tqdkyg bkef;awmfBuD;\ ajc&mwpfpHk xifusefaecJhonf[k wkwfjynfrS vmaom azazmf0g&D 27 &ufaeY Ak'csefe,ftifwmeufowif;wGif if;ajc&m "mwfyHkESihfwuG azmfjyyg&Sdavonf/

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&Ge*;dk &Gecsr;f *Gryg trnf&dS wdAufA'bmombk&m; ausmi;fBu;D f f f k onf wk w f j ynf u sif a [;jynf e ,f wH k * &rf N rd K UwG i f wnf & S d o nf / if;ausmif;awmfBu;D rSm wkwjf ynfwpf0ef;vH;k vGepmBu;D rm;cefxnf f G Y aom bHArmefBu;D tvm; wnf&aeayonf/ k d dS
The monk is so devoted that he does anywhere between 500 and 1, 000 prayers each day, hoping that this will ensure him a ''smooth'' transition to the other world, once he dies.

tqdyg bk&m;ausmif;awmfBu;D oDwif;oH;k aeawmfrl aom k bke;f awmfBu;D onf if;tay: tpOfav;pm; cspcif opm &SMd uaom f wynh f 'g,um 'g,d u mrtaygif ; 500 ausmf 1000cef Y w d k Y u aeYpOfvma&mufMu w&m;"rem,lMuum ur|mef;w&m;yGm;rsm; tm;xk w f M uvsuf pMu0Vm teE & S d & S d o rQ yk * d K vf o w 0 gwd k Y t m; arwmw&m; ysUH ESUH ay;a0Muavonf/ uJoYdk w&m;bm0emrsm; edp"0 h l tcsd e f E S i h f t rQ yG m ;rsm;tm;xk w f v suf ,if ; bk e f ; awmf B uD ; onf ysHvGefawmfrlonfhaeYtxdjzpfavonf/
Liferally, hundreds of students walk the paths of the monastery housing the temple and they have all noticed chi's commitment to his prayers. The monk himself admits that he used to perform a lot more prayers when he was younger. The 70 year old says that, on an average day, he even reached 3,000 prayers, which is very much, even judging by Buddhist Standards.

&mcsDvsuf&SdMuaom w&m;vdfkvm; "rcspfcif olawmf pif "rrmru a,m*Drsm;onf azmfjyyg bk&m;ausmi;fawmfBu;D wnf&&modYk dS jzwfoef;oGm;vmMu&onfh vrf;Mum;uav;twdi;f bke;f awmfBu;D csKi;f k d udk,fwdkifoGefoifqHk;rvrf;Tefjyxm;onfwdkYudk vdkufemapmihfxdef; Muvsuf wynhaumif;rsm;yDopGm pnf;urf;wus avQmufvr;f vmcJMh u f S avonf/ bke;f awmfBu;D ud,wif EkysKi,f&,pOfumvuwnf;u if;\ k f kd d G f aemufvdkufaemufyg &Sdcdk;0wfjyKMuol tajrmuftrsm;wdkY ESihftwl olukd,fwdkifu csrSwfxm;&SdcJhaom usihf0wfpnf;urf;rsm; twkdif; oludk,fwdkifuyg vdkufemapmihfpnf;cJhavonf/ pmrsufESm 15 okdY