HNG DN CHIA SUBNET

Gi :
Gi s ng mng ban u bn c k bit trong Host ID
xc nh xem mnh s mn bao nhiu bit trong Host ID lm Net ID trong ng
mng con th bn s cn c vo s lng Host (hoc PC hoc a ch IP) nhiu nht trong
tt c cc ng mng con m yu cu, gi s l x host.
T con s x ny s bit ti thiu cn gi li trong phn Host ID ca ng mng con
l m sao cho: 2m 2>=x ==> c th mn ti a n bits trong host ID ca ng mng
ban u lm Net ID vi n = k- m ==> php chia th nht.
Nu sau php chia th nht bn t s ng mng con m yu cu th dng.
Ngc li, bn gi li ng s ng mng con cn x host. Cc ng mng cn li bn
s em chia subnet tip.
Cc ln chia sau bn cng tin hnh tng t nh ln 1 sao cho p ng c nhu cu
ca cc ng mng c yu cu s lng host t hn.
Hy chia subnet cho a ch ng mng tha cc yu cu v s subnet v s a ch
Ips trong mi subnet. Vi mi subnet tnh a ch ng mng, a ch broadcast, s IP
hp l, dy IP hp l, subnet mask

V d:
1. 12.18.16.0/20 thnh 2 subnet c 1000 IPs, 1 subnet c 100 Ips, 2 subnet c 50 Ips
2 subnet cn 1000 Ips (1) (2) gi li trong phn HostID t nht 10 bit
1 subnet cn 100 Ips (3) gi li trong phn HostID t nht 7 bit
2 subnet cn 50 Ips (4) (5) gi li trong phn HostID t nht 6 bit
12.18.16.0/20 HostID cn 12 bit
c th mn ti a 2 bit 4 ng mng
12.18.0001_ _|2H.H
00
01
10
11

4 ng mng con l:
1. 12.18.16.0/22 (1)
2. 12.18.20.0/22 (2)
3. 12.18.24.0/22 (3)
4. 12.18.28.0/22
T ng mng con 12.18.28.0/22 (HostID: 10 bit), mn thm 2 bit chia subnet:
12.18.000111_ _.H
00
01
10
11
4 ng mng con l:
1. 12.18.28.0/24
2. 12.18.29.0/24 (4)
3. 12.18.30.0/24 (5)
4. 12.18.31.0/24
Subnet
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

a ch
ng mng
12.18.16.0/22
12.18.20.0/22
12.18.24.0/22
12.18.29.0/24
12.18.30.0/24

a ch
broadcast
12.18.19.255
12.18.23.255
12.18.27.255
12.18.29.255
12.18.30.255

S IP
hp l
210-2
210-2
210-2
28-2
28-2

Dy IP
12.18.16.1 - 12.18.19.254
12.18.20.1 - 12.18.23.254
12.18.24.1 - 12.18.27.254
12.18.29.1 - 12.18.29.254
12.18.30.1 - 12.18.30.254

2. 178.89.64.0/21 thnh 2 subnet c 500 IPs, 1 subnet c 100 Ips, 2 subnet c 50 Ips
2 subnet cn 500 Ips (1) (2) gi li trong phn HostID t nht 9 bit
1 subnet cn 100 Ips (3) gi li trong phn HostID t nht 7 bit
2 subnet cn 50 Ips (4) (5) gi li trong phn HostID t nht 6 bit
178.89.64.0/21 HostID cn 11 bit
c th mn ti a 2 bit 4 ng mng
178.89.01000_ _|1H.H
00
01
10
11
4 ng mng con l:
1. 178.89.64.0/23 (1)
2. 178.89.66.0/23 (2)
3. 178.89.68.0/23 (3)
4. 178.89.70.0/23
T ng mng con 178.89.70.0/23 (HostID: 9 bit), mn thm 1 bit chia subnet:
178.89.0100011 _.H
0
1
2 ng mng con l:
1. 178.89.70.0/24 (4)
2. 178.89.71.0/24 (5)
Subnet
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

a ch
ng mng
178.89.64.0/23
178.89.66.0/23
178.89.68.0/23
178.89.70.0/24
178.89.71.0/24

a ch
broadcast
178.89.65.255
178.89.67.255
178.89.69.255
178.89.70.255
178.89.71.255

S IP
hp l
29-2
29-2
29-2
28-2
28-2

Dy IP
178.89.64.1 - 178.89.65.254
178.89.66.1 - 178.89.67.254
178.89.68.1 - 178.89.69.254
178.89.70.1 - 178.89.70.254
178.89.71.1 - 178.89.71.254

3. 192.168.25.0/25 thnh 2 subnet c 30 IPs, 1 subnet c 20 Ips, 2 subnet c 10 Ips

2 subnet cn 30 Ips (1) (2) gi li trong phn HostID t nht 5 bit
1 subnet cn 20 Ips (3) gi li trong phn HostID t nht 5 bit
2 subnet cn 10 Ips (4) (5) gi li trong phn HostID t nht 4 bit
192.168.25.0/25 HostID cn 7 bit
c th mn ti a 2 bit 4 ng mng
192.168.25.0_ _|5H
00
01
10
11
4 ng mng con l:
1. 192.168.25.0/25 (1)
2. 192.168.25.32/25 (2)
3. 192.168.25.64/25 (3)
4. 192.168.25.96/25
T ng mng con 192.168.25.96/25 (HostID: 5 bit), mn thm 1 bit chia subnet:
192.168.25.011 _.H
0
1
2 ng mng con l:
1. 192.168.25.96/26 (4)
2. 192.168.25.112/26 (5)
Subnet
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)

a ch ng
mng
192.168.25.0/25
192.168.25.32/25
192.168.25.64/25
192.168.25.96/26
192.168.25.112/26

a ch
broadcast
192.168.25.31
192.168.25.63
192.168.25.95
192.168.25.111
192.168.25.127

S IP
hp l
25-2
25-2
25-2
24-2
24-2

Dy IP
192.168.25.1 - 192.168.25.30
192.168.25.1 - 192.168.25.62
192.168.25.1 - 192.168.25.94
192.168.25.1 - 192.168.25.110
192.168.25.1 - 192.168.25.126