CAC NGUYEN TO CHUYEN TIEP

NGUYEN TO NHOM VIIB (Mn, Tc, Re)

I.ac iem chung

Mn(mangan) : 3d54s2 Tc(Tecneti) : 4d55s2 Re(Rheni) : 5d56s2

Bh(Bohri) t gp
- Ngto VIIB co cau hnh e ban bhoa (n-1)d5 va lp e ngoai cung co 2e nen chung khong co kha nang ket hp e. - Chung khong tao hp chat vi Hidro nh nhom VIIA - Chung tao hp chat vi oxi giong nhom VIIA - Mc oxh cao nhat la +7 - Mn co tnh kh manh hn Cr -Re,Tc co tnh chat ngt gan nhau nen co tchat giong nhau -So oxh thng gap cua Mn la +2,+4,+7 tuy thuoc vao mtrng: *So oxh +2 ben trong mtrng acid * So oxh +7 kha ben trong mtrng acid * So oxh +4on nh trong mtrng trung tnh * So oxh +6 ben trong mtrng kiem

- So oxh +7 cua Mn la cao nhat nen la chat oxh manh - So phoi tr thng gap la 4 va 6

II.Trang thai thien nhien

*Mn chiem 0,1% klng vo trai at Khoang vat hay gap la pyroluzit MnO2 *Re chiem 10-7% klng vo trai at Re Khong tao khoang vat oc lap, 1 lng nho Re co trong quang Molipden *Tc khong ton tai trong thien nhien. c che bang pp nhan tao t p chuyen v hat nhan

III.Tnh chat vat ly

Mn la kloai cng gion, mau trang bac klng rieng 7,4g/cm3. Tnc = 1244,co 4 bien dang tinh the cua Mn. Moi dang ben ve phng dien nhiet ong nhiet o xac nh *Re trang thai t do la kloai xam klng rieng 21g/cm3. Tnc = 3180. khong tan trong HCl, HF. Tan tot trong HNO3 va H2SO4 tao acid Rerenic HReO4

V.Tnh chat hoa hoc

-Trong k.kh Mn b bao phu bi mang oxit mong bao ve khong b oxh tiep tuc ngay ca khi nung nong, nhng trang thai phan tan nho Mn b oxh de dang tao MnO2 - Mn tham gia p vi nhieu n chat (O2,Hal, S) va cac hp chat, cac acid co tnh oxh hoac khong co tnh oxh, trong cac p nay Mn thng tao hp chat +2 - nhiet o phong H2O t/d Mn cham, khi un nong p nhanh hn ay H2 tao Mn(OH)2 Mn + 2H2O = Mn(OH)2 + 2H2

V Mn(OH)2 kho tan nen lam cham qtrnh p -Mn tan trong cac acid HCl va HNO3 loang cung nh trong H2SO4 loang, tao Mn+2 Mn + 2HCl = MnCl2 + H2 3Mn + 8HNO3 = Mn(NO3)2 + 2NO + 4H2O Mn + 2H2SO4 = MnSO4 + SO2 + 2H2O nhiet o thap Mn thu ong vi HNO3, H2SO4 *Tc(tecneti), Re(Rheni) ch p vi acid co tnh oxh khi un nong. Trong p chung b oxh en so oxh cao hn 3Tc + 7HNO3 3HTcO4 + 7NO + 2H2O

MT S HP CHT QUAN TRNG CA MANGAN

+) Manganphosphat(MnPO4)

c dng x l g v chng n mn

trn thp.
+) Manganixt(MnO2)

mu nu sm, kh tr v hot tnh acid v bazo, l cht oxh mnh, c dng lm vt liu catt trong cc pin v pin kh kim v tiu chun.
+) Mangan xt(MnO) l mt cht nhum mu nu, dng ch to

sn, v l thnh phn ca mu nu en t nhin.

+)Kali pemanganat(KMnO4) c mu tm v l cht xi ha mnh,

dng lm cht ty u trong ha hc v y khoa. Khi tham gia phn ng KMnO c th b kh vi cc mc khc nhau tuy theo pH ca mi trng: . Mi trng acid: Mn+2 khng mu . Mi trng trung tnh: Mn+4 mu nu . Mi trng kim: Mn+6 mu xanh

Qung mangan

Psilomelan (qung mangan)

Mangan xit tp hp dng cnh cy trn mt vi, Solnhofen, c.

Manganit, oxit ca mangan

MT S HP CHT KHC CA MANGAN

Hp cht vi cc Halogen

Mangan Mangan Mangan Mangan Mangan Mangan Mangan Mangan

difluoride : MnF2 trifluoride : MnF3 tetrafluoride : MnF4 dichloride : MnCl2 triclorua : MnCl3 dichloride dihydrate : MnCl2.2H2O dibromide : MnBr2 diiodide : MnI2

Hp cht vi Oxi

Dimanganese trioxide : Mn2O3 Dimanganese heptaoxide : Mn2O7 Trimanganese tetroxide : Mn3O4

Hp cht vi Lu hunh

Mangan sunfua : MnS Mangan disulphide : MnS2

Hp cht vi mt s cht khc: Se , Te , gc CO

Selenua Mangan : MnSe Mangan telluride : MnTe Tetramanganese hexdecacarbonyl : Mn4(CO)16 Dimanganese decacarbonyl : Mn2(CO)10

Khu phc hp

Mangan dibromide tetrahydrate : MnBr2.0,4H2O Hexahydrate dinitrate Mangan : Mn(NO3)2.0,6H2O Tetraaquodiiodomanganese : MnI2.0,4H2O Tetrahydrate dinitrate Mangan : Mn (NO3)2.0,4H2O Mangan dichloride : MnCl2.0,4H2O