BO CO THC NGHIM

CH TO HT ST IN C KCH THC MICRO-NANO BNG PHNG PHP THY NHIT

Sinh vin : MSSV : U C T 09020597

I-PHN L THUYT
1/Ni dung bi thc hnh Ch to ht st in BaTiO3 bc oxit st t (Fe3O4) bng phng php thy nhit. 2/Vt liu st in Vt liu st in l vt liu in mi khng c tm i xng, c phn cc t pht,tc l c phn cc khi khng c in trng ngoi.Cc vt liu st in khc vi cht in mi thng thng nhng im sau: + Trong 1 khong nhit xc nh no ,hng s in mi ca cc cht st in rt ln,c th t n hng ngn n v. + Gia phn cc (P) v in trng (E) khng c s ph thuc tuyn tnh,do hng s in mi ca cc cht ph thuc vo in trng ngoi. + Khi c in trng thay i,P thay i chm hn so vi E,gy nn hin tng in tr. +Mi cht st in c 1 nhit chuyn pha xc nh gi l nhit Curie(Tc). Trn nhit chuyn pha,vt liu st in tr thnh vt liu thun in v c hng s in mi tun theo nh lut Curie-Weiss: = T T
C
0

trong C l hng s Curie v T0 la nhit Curie-Weiss(K) _ V mt cu trc tinh th: vt liu st in kh ging vi vt liu ha in: + c cng nhm i xng im + ch c 1 trc phn cc + Khng c mt vung gc vi mt phn cc _ phn cc trong vt liu st in c phn cc c th b o chiu di tc dng ca in trng ngoi.cu trc tinh th ca vt liu st in thng c tnh i xng cao v trong tinh th xy ra nhng s i xng nh,in hnh l cu trc perovskite,khin cho tm ca h cc in tch m v h cc in tch dng khng trng nhau S ph v ny l s chuyn di c cc ca cc ion trong c s. _ c tnh:tnh p in,ha in v st in.

_ c trng:c trng tr ca phn cc nh l 1 hm ca in trng ngoi. 3/ng cong in tr v cu trc domain _ng cong in tr:

Hnh 1:M t chu trnh in tr ca vt liu st in Ban u,khi vt liu chu tc dng bi 1 in trng nh,s ph thuc ca P v E l thun nghch v tuyn tnh bi 1 in trng nh th cha th lm lt chiu bt k 1 domen no (on OA). Di tc dng ca in trng ln hn,1 s domen ngc chiu vi in trng b o chiu v phn cc ca mu tng nhanh(on AB) cho ti tt c cc domen cng chiu vi in trng ngoi(on BC). Lc ny mu trng thi bo ha,v c cu to bi 1 domen duy nht.Khi in trng gim, phn cc s gim nhng khng tr v 0. Khi in trng bng 0,s domen vn gi chiu phn cc theo chiu in trng trc v vt liu tn ti phn cc d Pr. phn cc d khng b trit tiu cho n khi in trng o chiu v t n 1 gi tr Ec no . Ec c gi l cng trng khng in. Nu tip tc tng cng in trng theo chiu m,tt c cc domen u phn cc theo chiu in trng v vt liu li trng thi bo ha(im G) nhng c chiu ngc vi chiu bo ha ti im C.Chu trnh tr hon thnh khi ta tng in trng theo chiu dng ca im bo ha. _Cu trc Domain: S hnh thnh ca cc men in l do tng tc trao i dn n vic cc mmen in sp xp song song vi nhau. C ngha l trong mi men, cc mmen in sp xp theo 1 chiu nht nh. khng phi s sp xp song song ny tn ti trn ton vt st in m mi vt ty theo kch thc, hnh dng m c th b chia thnh nhiu men khc nhau to nn cu trc men ca vt (trong cc men khc nhau chiu ca cc mmen in s khc nhau). Cu trc men hnh thnh chi phi tnh cht t vi m ca vt liu. trng thi kh in, chiu ca mmen in trong cc men sp xp sao cho tha mn cc iu kin: trit tiu dng in v cc tiu ha nng lng tng cng trong vt st in. Khi c in trng ngoi, cu trc men b thay i (s ln ln ca cc men in c chiu cng chiu vi in trng, s quay mmen in trong cc men c chiu khc...) dn n s thay i v tnh cht in. S bin i khc nhau v men in trong qu trnh in ha to nn cc c ch in ha v cc tnh cht in khc nhau ca mi loi vt liu st in.

Hnh 2:a/khi cha c in trng E=0 b/khi c in trng E0 Vch men (domain wall) l vng chuyn tip ngn cch gia 2 men t lin k nhau. Gia hai men t, mmen t khng th t ngt bin i v chiu v s dn n trng thi km bn do hnh thnh nn vng chuyn tip l cc vch men. Trong cc vch men, mmen t bin i v chiu dn dn t chiu ca men ny ti men kia.

Hnh 3: vch 1800 v vch 900

4/ Phng php thy nhit. Trong cc phng php iu ch BaTiO3 th phng php thy nhit l phng php ph bin nht,ng dng nhiu nht c dng lm t gm s. Trong phng php thy nhit phn ng c thc hin trong iu kin p sut t sinh v nhit c th dao ng t 900C n 4000C vi thi gian nhit t 30 pht n hng chc gi. T l cation Ba/Ti ban u u nh hng rt ln

n t l cui cng Ba/Ti trong sn phm.Vic tm ra t l Ba/Ti ban u thch hp l rt quan trong cho php thu c t l cui cng hp l. S thay i hnh dng ca ng tr st in ca BTO theo nhit c dng nh hinh 4. nhit thp ,vng tr t ra bo hn,lc khng in ln hn nh hng cc vch domen

Hnh 4:Hnh dng ng tr st in ca vt liu BTO thay i theo nhit Trong pha t gic ca BTO,cc domen lin k c th c vecto phn cc phn song song hoc vung gc vi nhau. Cch vch domen tng ng c gi l vch 1800 v vch 900.D hng trong tinh th st in rt ln nn hng ca cc lng cc in thng c nh hng theo trc d. Tnh cht st in trong pha t gic ca BTO: + C 2 loi vch domain l vch 90 0 v vch 1800 + Vch 900 c xu hng thng trong khi vch 1800 thng c dng ln sng + u v ui ca vecsto phn cc trong vch 900 c phn b ni nhau gim thiu in tch vch domain. Cc nh hng ca vecto phn cc thng l 1 trong 2 hng a hay c ty thuc vo trc ca n v c nh hng nh th no.

Hnh 5: Cu trc domen v vch domen :(A)vch 900 a-a ;(B)vch 900 a-c (C)vch 1800 a-a ;(D)vch 1800a-c

PHN II: PHN THC NGHIM

1/Chun b vt liu ban u v vn hnh my. 2/Thc hnh to ht st in. Cn: Giy bc(3g)-> a n v 0 Bt u cn 1 lng BaCl2.2H2O 5.8551g cho vo cc. Thm 1 lng nc ct va (400ml) dung my khuy t ha tan ht lng BaCl2.H2O