28

1.
2.
3.

1.
2.
3.
4.

(Sequences)
2
1.
1, 3, 5, 7, . . ., 19
2.
1, 3, 5, 7, . . .

1. n + 1
d
a1 , a2, a3 , . . . n+1 n d
d = a2 a1

= a3 a2

a1 ,

a1 + d ,

= a4 a3

a1 + 2d ,

1
2
3
an

= a5 a4

a1 + 3d ,

a1 + 4d ,

....

an = a1 + (n 1)d

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29

15 -5 , -1, 3, 7, 11,

a n = a1 + (n 1)d
a1 = 5 ,
n = 15 ,

=
=
=
15 =
a 15

d = 1 (5)
= 1+ 5
= 4

5 + (15 1)4
5 + (14 4)
5+ 56
51

5 29 51 397 1
4

( 5 a 5 ) a1 + 4d = 29
n
( 51 a 51 ) a1 + 50d = 397
o
o-n
(a1 + 50d ) (a1 + 4d )
= 397 - 29
a1 + 50d a1 4d
= 368
46d
= 368
d
= 368
46
d
d 8 n
a1 + 4d
a1 + (4 8)

a1

1 a 1
2 a 1 + d
3 a1 + 2d
4 a1 + 3d
1 4

= 8
= 29
= 29
= 29 - 32
= -3
= -3
= 3 + 8
= 5
= 3 + (28) = 13
= 3 + (38) = 21
-3, 5, 13, 21
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30

1. 20 -13, -9, -5, -1, 3,

2. 10 -28 12 -50
5 6

1. 20 -13, -9, -5, -1, 3,

a n = a1 + (n 1)d
a 1
= -13, n = 20, d

a 20

20
63

=
=
=
=

= -9- (-13)
= -9 +13
= 4

-13 + (20-1) 4
-13 + (19 x 4)
-13 + 76
63

2. 10 -28 12 -50
5 6

( 10 a 10 ) a1 + 9d = -28
n
( 12 a 12 ) a1 +11d = -50
o
o-n
(a1 +11d ) (a1 + 9d )
= - 50 - (-28)
a1 +11d a1 9d
= - 50 + 28
2d
= - 22
d
= 222
= - 11
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31

d -11 n
a1 + 9d
= - 28
= - 28
a1 + [9 (11)]
a1 99 = - 28
a1
= - 28 + 99 =
a 5
= a1 + 4d
= 71 + [4 (11)]
= 71 44
=
a6
= a1 + 5d
= 71+ [5 (11)]
= 71 55
=
a5 + a6
= 27 + 16
=

43

71

27

16
43

2.
2.1
121
256
233
208
181
152
-23

-25

-27

-29

-2

-2

-2

-2

10

30

120

600

x2

x3

x4

x5

+1

+1

+1

+1

17

-31

20
+3

28
+8

+5

45
+17

+9
+4

x6

75
+30

+13
+4

3600

122
+47

+17
+4
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32

2.2 1

-3
-3
7

11

11

+4

15

+4

19

+4

2.3

5

20

30
+10

120

130
+10

520

530
+10

2.4

100
512
1,296
1,024
64
10 2

83

64

45

26

10

91

42

67

58

59

+81

-49

+25

-9

+1

92

72

52

32

12

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33

1.
5 -10 20
-40

2.
108 43
100 39

92

3.
25
29
13
49

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34

1.
5 -10 20
-40 ________

_________

-10

20

-40

80

-160

80 -160
2.
108 43 100 39
92

-4
100

43

_________
-4

100

39

92

13

84

35

-8
-8
35 84

3.
25 29 13
49

25
29

_______

-8

49

85

-15

+4

-16

+36

-64

+100

22

42

62

82

10 2

-15 84
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35

a1 + a2 + a3 + a4 + ... + an + ...

s n n
s n = a1 + a2 + a3 + ... + an
n

sn

= n2 [2a1 + (n 1)d ]

sn

= n2 (a1 + an )

1 + 2 + 3 + 200

a1 = 1 , an = 200 , n = 200
sn

sn

=
=
=

n
(a + an )
2 1
200
(1+ 200)
2
100 + 201

20,100

1 200

1 + 3 + 5 + 7 ++199
a1 = 1 , a n = 199 , n = 100
sn
= n2 (a1 + an )
s100

100
(1+199)
2

=
=

50 200
10,000

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36

1. 1 200
2. 50 12, 7, 2,

1. 1 200

2 + 4 + 6 +8 + + 200
a1 = 2 , a n = 200 , n = 100
sn
= n2 (a1 + an )
=

s100

100
(2 + 200)
2

= 50 202
= 10,100
1 200 10,100
2. 50 12, 7, 2,

n
[2a + (n 1)d ]
2 1

sn
a1 = 12

n = 50

s50

,
=
=

d = 72

5
50
[(2 12) + (50 1)( 5)]
2

= 25[24 + (49 ( 5))]

= 25(24 245)
= 25 (221)
= 5,525
50 12, 7, 2,... 5,525

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37

1. 5,000 150

2. A 192 222 11
A A
3. 51 60 12, 7, 2...
4. 1, 2, 3,..., 9

5. 1 100
6. 255
1 3 5
20 19 18

7. 4 9 34
8. 10 1 1
2 10 3

10

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38

9. 10 1000 7
10.

190
11. a, x, y, b x y
12. 100 + 99 + 98 + 97 + ... 30
1, 155
13. a1, a2, a3, a3 a5 + a7 = 8 a1 + a2 + + a9
14. a1, a2, a3, , a13 14 a7 = 183
a1 + a2 + a3 + + a13
15. 200 1,000
1) 3
2) 7
3) 3 7
16. 5, x, 20, 12 a 5, y, 20,
6 b y < 0 a + b
17. n n
7 + 15 + 23 ... 217

2 n + 2 n +1... + 2 2 n
28

5 20 2547

39

18. a, b, c 3 27
a, b + 3, c + 2 3 a + b + c
19. 500 1
19,905
20. 300 1
26,103
21. 1,988
1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 5, 5, 5, 5, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6,...

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40

1. 5,000 150

5,000, 5,150, 5,300,

= 5,000 , d = 150, n = 60 (5 )
a1
an
= a1 + (n 1)d
a 60
= 5,000 + (60 1)(150)
= 5,000 + (59150)
= 5,000 + 8,850
13,850
s60 = 602 (5,000 + 13,850)
= 30 18,850
= 565,500

565,500

2. A 19 2 22 2 11
A A

19 2 < A < 22 2
A
19 20, 19 21, 19 22, 20 20, 20 21, 20 22, 21 22
11
4 1 8 = 32
19 22 = 418
20 22 = 440
4 4 0 = 0
21 22 = 412
4 1 2 = 8
440 A 440

440 A 440

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41

3. 51 60 12, 7, 2,...

1 60
n
sn
=
[2a + (n 1)d ]
2 1
s 60

60
[(2 12) + (60 1)( 5)]
2

=
30[24 + (59 )( 5)]
30(24 295)
=
=
30 (271)
=
- 8,130
1 50
50
s 50
=
[(2 12) + (50 1)( 5)]
2
25[24 + (49 )( 5)]
=
=
25(24 245)
=
25 (221)
=
- 5,525
51 60 = -8,130 (-5,525) = -2,605

-2,605

4. 1, 2, 3,,9

(45 + 6) 3 = 17

1 + 2 + ...+ 9 = 45

1+2+3 =6

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42

(45 + 24) 3 = 23

9 + 8+ 7 = 24

17, 23
1

17

2
7

1
3

19

20

21
9
3

4
7

23

1
6

9 3 4 7 = 756

756

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43

5. 1 100

1 + 3 + 5 + ... + 99 50
50
s 50
=
(1 99)
2
=
25 100
=
2,500
2 + 4 + 6 + + 100 50
50
s 50
=
(1100)
2

=
25 102
=
2,550
= 2,500 2,500
= 50
A 1 100
A
=
2 + 4 + 6 + +100
B 1 100
B
=
1 + 3 + 5 + +99
AB =
(2 1) + (4 3) + (6 5) + ...+(100 + 99)
=
50

50

6. 255
1 3 5
20 19 18

n
1 + 3 + 5 + ... ()
Sn = n2 [2a1 + (n 1) d]
=
=

n
2
n
2

[(2 1) + (n 1)(2)]

= n2

(2n)
X
5 20 2547

44

20 + 19 + 18 + ... ()
Sn = n2 [2a1 + (n 1) d]
=
=

n
2
n
2

[(2 20) + (n 1)(-1)]

(41 - n)

255
X + Y
= 255
n2 + n2 (41 - n)
= 255

2 n2 + 41 n - n2
(n 10) (n + 51)
n
10
10

= 510
= 0
= 10 , -51

7. 4 9 34

x , 1 , 2 , 3 , , k , y
d = yk + 1x
x = 9 , y = 34 , k = 4
d = 344 +19
=

25
5

= 5
9 , 14 , 19 , 24 , 29
9 , 14 , 19 , 24 , 29

5 20 2547

45

8. 10 1 1
2 10 3
10

1 z 1 z 1 z 1 z 1 z 1z 1 z 1 z 1 z

10

S
S = [2(2) + 2(3) + 2(4) + + 2(11)] + 14
= [2(2 + 3 + 4 + + 11)] + 14
= 2 [ n2 (a1 + a10 )] + 14
= 2 [ 102 (2 + 11)] + 14

= 2 (65) + 14
= 144
144

144
9. 10 1,000 7

14 , 21 , 28 , ... , 994
a1
= 14 , an = 994 , d = 7
an
=
a1 + ( n - 1 ) d
994 =
14 + ( n 1 ) ( 7 )
994 =
7n + 7
7n
=
987
987
n
=
7
=

141

5 20 2547

46

=
=
=
=
=

a n a1
+1
d
994 14
+1
7
980
+1
7

140 + 1
141

141

10.

190

O
O O O

sn n

sn
=
190
=
1+2+ 3+...+n
n
=
sn
[ 2a + ( n 1) d ]
2 1
190

190

n
[( 21) + ( n 1)(1)]
2
n
( n +1)
2

n2 + n 360 =
0
( n 19 ) ( n + 20 ) =
0
n
=
19 , -20
19

19
5 20 2547

47

11. a , x , y , b x y

a , x , y,b

=
a1 + 3d
( 4)

a4
b
=
a + 3d
ba
d
=
3

=
=

a1 + d
a + b 3 a

( 2)

=
=

a1 + 2d
a + 2( b 3 a )

( 3)

a+

=
=
y

=
=

a + 2b
3

3a + b a
3
2a + b
3

2b 2a
3
3a + 2b 2a
3
a + 2b
3

12. 100 + 99 + 98 + 97 + . . . 30
1,155

n
sn
=
[ 2a + ( n 1) d ]
2 1
1,155 =

30
[ 2a1 + (30 1)( 1)]
2

1,155 =
1,155 =
a1
=

15( 2a1 - 29 )
30a1 435
53

an = 53

an
53
53
N
48

=
=
=
=

a1 + ( n 1 ) d
100 + ( n 1 ) ( -1 )
101 - n
48
5 20 2547

48

13. a1 , a2 , a3 , . . . a3 a5 + a7 = 8 a1 + a2 + . . . + a9

=
8

a3 a5 + a7
( a1 + 2d ) ( a1 + 4d ) + ( a1 + 6d )
=
8
=
8
a1 + 2d a1 4d + a1 + 6d
a1 + 4d
=
8
n
=
a1 + a2 + . . . + a9
[ 2a + ( n 1) d ]
2 1
=

9
[( 2a1 ) + (9 1)d ]
2
9
( 2 a + 8d )
2 1

=
=
=
=

9 ( a1 + 4d )
98
72

72

14. a1 , a2 , a3 , . . . , a13 -14 a7 = 183

a1 + a2 + a3 + . . . + a13

=
a1 + ( n 1 ) d
an
a7
=
a1 + ( 7 1 ) d
183 =
a1 + 6 ( -14 )
183 =
a1 84
a1 =
267
n
Sn
=
[ 2a + ( n 1) d ]
2 1
S13

=
=
=
=

13
[( 2 267) + (13 1)( 14)]
2
13
(534 168)
2
13
366
2

2379

2,379

5 20 2547

49

15. 200 1,000

1) 3
2) 7
3) 3 7

1)
3
1000
=
333.3
3
200
3

66.6

333
-

n = 333 66 = 267

n = 142 - 28 = 114

n = 47 9 = 38

66

267 3
2)
7
1000
=
142.9
142
7
200
7

28.6

28

114 7
3)
3 7
... 3 7 21
1000
=
47.6
21
200
21

9.5

47
9

38 3 7
267 3
114 7
38 3 7

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50

16. 5 , x , 20 , . . . 12 a 5 , y , 20 , . . .
6 b y < 0 a + b

5 , x , 20 , . . . 12 a
d = x-5 =
20 - x
2x
=
25
x
=
12.5

d = 12.5 5 = 7.5
n
=

Sn
[ 2a + ( n 1) d ]
2 1
S12

12
[ 2(5) + 11( 7.5)]
2

a
=
6 ( 10 + 82.5 )
a
=
555
5 , y , 20 , . . . 6 b y < 0
20

r = 5y =
y

a + b 555 160

395

y2
y
r
an
a6
b
b

=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=
=

100
- 10

10
5

y < 0

-2

a1r n 1

5 ( -2 )6-1
5 ( -2 )5
-160
395

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51

17. n n
7 + 15 + 23 + . . . 217

2 n + 2 n+1 + ... + 2 2 n
28

Sn

217

=
4n2 + 3n 217
( 4n + 31 )( n 7 ) =
n
=
2 n + 2 n+1 + ... + 2 2 n
28

n
[2a + ( n 1)d ]
2 1
n
[( 2 + 7 ) + ( n 1)(8)]
2

0
0
7
27 + 28 + . . . + 214

2-1 + 20 + 21 + 22 + 23 + 24 + 25 + 26

-1
a1 = 2 , r = 2
a1 (1 r 4)
=
Sn
1 r
=

2 1 (1 2 8 )
1 2

127.5

127.5

18. a , b , c 3 27
a , b + 3 , c + 2 3 a + b + c

a , b , c
c
b
=
a
b
=
ac
b2
b 2 b3
=
abc
b3
=
27
(b=3)
a , b + 3 , c + 2
(b + 3) a
=
(c+2)(b+3)
a 2b + c
=
4

5 20 2547

52

a6+c
a+c
a+b+c

=
=
=
=

4
10
10 + 3
13

13

19. 500 1
19,905

= 1+2+3+...+ n
= n(n2+1)
n < 500
1
n
n

n(n + 1)
2

n(n + 1)
2

= 300
+ 1)
= 300(300
2

n(n + 1)
2

= 45,150
= 200
+ 1)
= 200(200
2

19905

= 20,100
20,100 19,905 = 195

195

5 20 2547

53

20. 300 1
26,103

n
= 1 + 2 + 3 + . . . + n
= n(n2+ 1)
n < 300
1
n
n = 230

n(n + 1)
2
n(n + 1)
2

26,103
=

230(230 + 1)
2

26,565 - 26,103
= 462

= 231
1 A + ( A + 1 ) = 231
A = 115 114 , 115 , 116 117

114 , 115 , 116 117

21. 1,988
1 , -2 , 2 , -3 , 3 , -3 , 4 , -4 , 4 , -4 , 5 , -5 , 5 , -5 , 5 , -6 , 6 , -6 , 6 , -6 , 6 , . . .

1,988 n(n2+ 1)
n = 62 =
n = 63 =

62(62 + 1)
2
63(63 + 1)
2

= 1,953 ( )
= 2,016

n = 62 62 1,953
63 1,954 2,016
1,988 63
63

5 20 2547